14-3-3epsilon GO:0019904_13174_3 protein domain specific binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific domain of a protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function 14-3-3zeta GO:0019904_13174_3 protein domain specific binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific domain of a protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function 18-w GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function 18-w GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component 18-w GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process 2-Sep GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function 2-Sep GO:0007049_6281_8 cell cycle "The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process 2-Sep GO:0031105_3650_2 septin complex "Any of several heterooligomeric complexes containing multiple septins." [GOC:mah, PMID:15385632] IEA cellular_component 4EHP GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function 4EHP GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function 4EHP GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component 4EHP GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process 5-HT1 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process 5-HT1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component 5-HT2alpha GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process 5-HT2alpha GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function 5-HT2alpha GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component 5-HT2alpha GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function 5-HT2beta GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process 5-HT2beta GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component 5-HT2beta GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process 5-HT2beta GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function 5-ht7 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process 5-ht7 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Aats-arg GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Aats-arg GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-arg GO:0004814_13174_4 arginine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-arginine + tRNA(Arg) = AMP + diphosphate + L-arginyl-tRNA(Arg)." [EC:6.1.1.19] IEA molecular_function Aats-arg GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-arg GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Aats-arg GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Aats-arg GO:0006420_6281_4 arginyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling arginine to arginyl-tRNA, catalyzed by arginyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process Aats-asp GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Aats-asp GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Aats-asp GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-asp GO:0004815_13174_1 aspartate-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-aspartate + tRNA(Asp) = AMP + diphosphate + L-aspartyl-tRNA(Asp)." [EC:6.1.1.12] IEA molecular_function Aats-asp GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-asp GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Aats-asp GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Aats-asp GO:0006422_6281_1 aspartyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling aspartate to aspartyl-tRNA, catalyzed by aspartyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process Aats-gln GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Aats-gln GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-gln GO:0004819_13174_1 glutamine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-glutamine + tRNA(Gln) = AMP + diphosphate + L-glutaminyl-tRNA(Gln)." [EC:6.1.1.18] IEA molecular_function Aats-gln GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-gln GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Aats-gln GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Aats-gln GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Aats-gln GO:0006425_6281_1 glutaminyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling glutamine to glutaminyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'- adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process Aats-gln GO:0016876_13174_6 ligase activity, forming aminoacyl-tRNA and related compounds "Catalysis of the joining of an amino acid and a nucleic acid (usually tRNA) or poly(ribitol phosphate), with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. The reaction forms an aminoacyl-tRNA or a related compound." [EC:6.1.1, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Aats-gln GO:0043039_6281_8 tRNA aminoacylation "The chemical reactions and pathways by which the various amino acids become bonded to their corresponding tRNAs. The most common route for synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA is by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, usually catalyzed by the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA ligase. A given aminoacyl-tRNA ligase aminoacylates all species of an isoaccepting group of tRNA molecules." [GOC:ma, GOC:mah, MetaCyc:Aminoacyl-tRNAs] IEA biological_process Aats-glupro GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Aats-glupro GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-glupro GO:0004818_13174_2 glutamate-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-glutamate + tRNA(Glu) = AMP + diphosphate + L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu)." [EC:6.1.1.17] IEA molecular_function Aats-glupro GO:0004827_13174_1 proline-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-proline + tRNA(Pro) = AMP + diphosphate + L-prolyl-tRNA(Pro)." [EC:6.1.1.15] IEA molecular_function Aats-glupro GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-glupro GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Aats-glupro GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Aats-glupro GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Aats-glupro GO:0006424_6281_2 glutamyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling glutamate to glutamyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glutamyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'- adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process Aats-glupro GO:0006433_6281_1 prolyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling proline to prolyl-tRNA, catalyzed by prolyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process Aats-glupro GO:0016876_13174_6 ligase activity, forming aminoacyl-tRNA and related compounds "Catalysis of the joining of an amino acid and a nucleic acid (usually tRNA) or poly(ribitol phosphate), with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. The reaction forms an aminoacyl-tRNA or a related compound." [EC:6.1.1, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Aats-glupro GO:0043039_6281_8 tRNA aminoacylation "The chemical reactions and pathways by which the various amino acids become bonded to their corresponding tRNAs. The most common route for synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA is by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, usually catalyzed by the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA ligase. A given aminoacyl-tRNA ligase aminoacylates all species of an isoaccepting group of tRNA molecules." [GOC:ma, GOC:mah, MetaCyc:Aminoacyl-tRNAs] IEA biological_process Aats-gly GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Aats-gly GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-gly GO:0004820_13174_2 glycine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + glycine + tRNA(Gly) = AMP + diphosphate + glycyl-tRNA(Gly)." [EC:6.1.1.14] IEA molecular_function Aats-gly GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-gly GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Aats-gly GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Aats-gly GO:0006426_6281_2 glycyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling glycine to glycyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glycyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process Aats-ile GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Aats-ile GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-ile GO:0004822_13174_2 isoleucine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-isoleucine + ATP + tRNA(Ile) = L-isoleucyl-tRNA(Ile) + AMP + diphosphate + 2 H(+)." [EC:6.1.1.5, RHEA:11063] IEA molecular_function Aats-ile GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-ile GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Aats-ile GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Aats-ile GO:0006428_6281_2 isoleucyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling isoleucine to isoleucyl-tRNA, catalyzed by isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process Aats-lys GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Aats-lys GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Aats-lys GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-lys GO:0004824_13174_1 lysine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-lysine + tRNA(Lys) = AMP + diphosphate + L-lysyl-tRNA(Lys)." [EC:6.1.1.6] IEA molecular_function Aats-lys GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-lys GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Aats-lys GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Aats-lys GO:0006430_6281_1 lysyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling lysine to lysyl-tRNA, catalyzed by lysyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process Aats-met GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Aats-met GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-met GO:0004825_13174_2 methionine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-methionine + tRNA(Met) = AMP + diphosphate + L-methionyl-tRNA(Met)." [EC:6.1.1.10] IEA molecular_function Aats-met GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-met GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Aats-met GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Aats-met GO:0006431_6281_2 methionyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling methionine to methionyl-tRNA, catalyzed by methionyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process Aats-phe GO:0000049_13174_4 tRNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with transfer RNA." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Aats-phe GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Aats-phe GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Aats-phe GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-phe GO:0004826_13174_3 phenylalanine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNA(Phe) = AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNA(Phe)." [EC:6.1.1.20] IEA molecular_function Aats-phe GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-phe GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Aats-phe GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Aats-phe GO:0006432_6281_3 phenylalanyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling phenylalanine to phenylalanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process Aats-phe GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process Aats-phe GO:0043039_6281_8 tRNA aminoacylation "The chemical reactions and pathways by which the various amino acids become bonded to their corresponding tRNAs. The most common route for synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA is by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, usually catalyzed by the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA ligase. A given aminoacyl-tRNA ligase aminoacylates all species of an isoaccepting group of tRNA molecules." [GOC:ma, GOC:mah, MetaCyc:Aminoacyl-tRNAs] IEA biological_process Aats-ser GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Aats-ser GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-ser GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-ser GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Aats-ser GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Aats-trp GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Aats-trp GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-trp GO:0004830_13174_2 tryptophan-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-tryptophan + tRNA(Trp) = AMP + diphosphate + L-tryptophanyl-tRNA(Trp)." [EC:6.1.1.2] IEA molecular_function Aats-trp GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-trp GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Aats-trp GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Aats-trp GO:0006436_6281_2 tryptophanyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling tryptophan to tryptophanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process Aats-tyr GO:0000049_13174_4 tRNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with transfer RNA." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Aats-tyr GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Aats-tyr GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-tyr GO:0004831_13174_2 tyrosine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine + ATP + tRNA(Tyr) = L-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) + AMP + diphosphate + 2 H(+)." [EC:6.1.1.1, RHEA:10223] IEA molecular_function Aats-tyr GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-tyr GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Aats-tyr GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Aats-tyr GO:0006437_6281_2 tyrosyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling tyrosine to tyrosyl-tRNA, catalyzed by tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process Aats-val GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Aats-val GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-val GO:0004832_13174_1 valine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-valine + ATP + tRNA(Val) = L-valyl-tRNA(Val) + AMP + diphosphate + 2 H(+)." [EC:6.1.1.9, RHEA:10707] IEA molecular_function Aats-val GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aats-val GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Aats-val GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Aats-val GO:0006438_6281_1 valyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling valine to valyl-tRNA, catalyzed by valyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process aay GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function aay GO:0004647_13174_1 phosphoserine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L(or D)-O-phosphoserine + H2O = L(or D)-serine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.3] IEA molecular_function aay GO:0006564_6281_3 L-serine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-serine, the L-enantiomer of serine, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid." [CHEBI:17115, GOC:ai, GOC:jsg] IEA biological_process aay GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process aay GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function ABC10 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function ABC10 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ABC10 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process ABC10 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component ABC10 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ABC10 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function ABC10 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ABC10 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process ABCB7 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function ABCB7 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ABCB7 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ABCB7 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process ABCB7 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component ABCB7 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ABCB7 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function ABCB7 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ABCB7 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process ABCC5 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function ABCC5 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ABCC5 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process ABCC5 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component ABCC5 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ABCC5 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function ABCC5 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ABCC5 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process ABCG4 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function ABCG4 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ABCG4 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component ABCG4 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ABCG4 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Abd-A GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Abd-A GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Abd-A GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Abd-A GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Abd-A GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Abd-B GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Abd-B GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Abd-B GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Abd-B GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Abd-B GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Abi GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Abi GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Abscam GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function abs GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function abs GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function abs GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function abs GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function abs GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ac3 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Ac3 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Ac3 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Acf1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Acf1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function acj6 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function acj6 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function acj6 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function acj6 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component acj6 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process acj6 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Ack GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Ack GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Ack GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Ack GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ack GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ack GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Ack GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Acph-1 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function ACSF2 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ACSF2 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Actn GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function Actn GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Actn GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ada2b GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Ada2b GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ada2b GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ada GO:0009168_6281_5 purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Ada GO:0019239_13174_5 deaminase activity "Catalysis of the removal of an amino group from a substrate, producing ammonia (NH3)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Adar GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Adar GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Adar GO:0004000_13174_2 adenosine deaminase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: adenosine + H2O = inosine + NH3." [EC:3.5.4.4] IEA molecular_function Adar GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Adar GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process adat GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function adat GO:0004000_13174_2 adenosine deaminase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: adenosine + H2O = inosine + NH3." [EC:3.5.4.4] IEA molecular_function adat GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process adat GO:0006605_6281_5 protein targeting "The process of targeting specific proteins to particular membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process adat GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process adat GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component adat GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function adat GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process ade2 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ade2 GO:0004642_13174_1 phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + L-glutamine + ATP + H(2)O = 2-(formamido)-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + L-glutamate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate." [EC:6.3.5.3, RHEA:17132] IEA molecular_function ade2 GO:0006189_6281_3 'de novo' IMP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of IMP, inosine monophosphate, by the stepwise assembly of a purine ring on ribose 5-phosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716720094] IEA biological_process ade5 GO:0004638_13174_1 phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate + 2 H(+) = 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole + CO(2)." [EC:4.1.1.21, RHEA:10795] IEA molecular_function ade5 GO:0004639_13174_1 phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate + L-aspartate + ATP = (2S)-2-[5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido]succinate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.6, RHEA:22631] IEA molecular_function ade5 GO:0006164_6281_4 purine nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process ade5 GO:0006189_6281_3 'de novo' IMP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of IMP, inosine monophosphate, by the stepwise assembly of a purine ring on ribose 5-phosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716720094] IEA biological_process Adk1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Adk1 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Adk1 GO:0019205_13174_7 nucleobase-containing compound kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP or GTP, to a nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide or polynucleotide substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Adk2 GO:0004017_13174_4 adenylate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + AMP = 2 ADP." [EC:2.7.4.3] IEA molecular_function Adk2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Adk2 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Adk2 GO:0016776_13174_4 phosphotransferase activity, phosphate group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to a phosphate group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Adk2 GO:0019201_13174_4 nucleotide kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside monophosphate = ADP + nucleoside diphosphate." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Adk2 GO:0019205_13174_7 nucleobase-containing compound kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP or GTP, to a nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide or polynucleotide substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Adk2 GO:0046939_6281_4 nucleotide phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a nucleotide to produce a phosphorylated nucleoside." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Adk3 GO:0004017_13174_4 adenylate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + AMP = 2 ADP." [EC:2.7.4.3] IEA molecular_function Adk3 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Adk3 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Adk3 GO:0016776_13174_4 phosphotransferase activity, phosphate group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to a phosphate group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Adk3 GO:0019201_13174_4 nucleotide kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside monophosphate = ADP + nucleoside diphosphate." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Adk3 GO:0019205_13174_7 nucleobase-containing compound kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP or GTP, to a nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide or polynucleotide substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Adk3 GO:0046939_6281_4 nucleotide phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a nucleotide to produce a phosphorylated nucleoside." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process AdoR GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process AdoR GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component AGLU2 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function AGLU2 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process AGLU2 GO:0043169_13174_10 cation binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cations, charged atoms or groups of atoms with a net positive charge." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function AGLU3 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function AGLU3 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process AGLU3 GO:0043169_13174_10 cation binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cations, charged atoms or groups of atoms with a net positive charge." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function AGLU-like2 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function AGLU-like2 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process AGLU-like2 GO:0043169_13174_10 cation binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cations, charged atoms or groups of atoms with a net positive charge." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function AGO1 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function AGO1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function AGO2 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function AGO2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ago3 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Ago3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ago GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function AIF GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function AIF GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function AIF GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Akhr GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process Akhr GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Akt1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Akt1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Akt1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Akt1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Akt1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Akt1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Akt1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function alc GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ALDH1L2 GO:0000036_13174_6 ACP phosphopantetheine attachment site binding involved in fatty acid biosynthetic process "Interacting selectively with the attachment site of the phosphopantetheine prosthetic group of an acyl carrier protein (ACP) as part of the process of fatty acid biosynthesis." [CHEBI:22221, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ALDH1L2 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ALDH1L2 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process ALDH1L2 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ALDH1L2 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process ALDH1L2 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ALDH1L2 GO:0016742_13174_3 hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a hydroxymethyl- or formyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [EC:2.1.2, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function ALDH1L2 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Aldh GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Aldh GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Aldh GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Aldh-III GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Aldh-III GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Aldh-III GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Alg10 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Alg10 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function alpha-Adaptin GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function alpha-Adaptin GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process alpha-Adaptin GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function alpha-Adaptin GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process alpha-Adaptin GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component alpha-Adaptin GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process alpha-Adaptin GO:0030117_3650_12 membrane coat "Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component alpha-Adaptin GO:0030131_3650_9 clathrin adaptor complex "A membrane coat adaptor complex that links clathrin to a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component alpha-Cat GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function alpha-Cat GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process alpha-Cat GO:0015629_3650_9 actin cytoskeleton "The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component alphaCop GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function alphaCop GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function alphaCop GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process alphaCop GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process alphaCop GO:0030117_3650_12 membrane coat "Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component alphaCop GO:0030126_3650_3 COPI vesicle coat "One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. The mammalian COPI subunits are called alpha-, beta-, beta'-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-COP. Vesicles with COPI coats are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state." [GOC:mah, PMID:11252894] IEA cellular_component alpha-Man-I GO:0004571_13174_5 mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the terminal (1->2)-linked alpha-D-mannose residues in the oligo-mannose oligosaccharide Man(9)(GlcNAc)(2)." [EC:3.2.1.113] IEA molecular_function alpha-Man-I GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function alpha-Man-I GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component alpha-Man-IIb GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function alpha-Man-IIb GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function alpha-Man-IIb GO:0004559_13174_4 alpha-mannosidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-D-mannose residues in alpha-D-mannosides." [EC:3.2.1.24] IEA molecular_function alpha-Man-IIb GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process alpha-Man-IIb GO:0006013_6281_3 mannose metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose. The D-(+)-form is widely distributed in mannans and hemicelluloses and is of major importance in the core oligosaccharide of N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process alpha-Man-IIb GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function alpha-Man-IIb GO:0015923_13174_3 mannosidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of mannosyl compounds, substances containing a group derived from a cyclic form of mannose or a mannose derivative." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function alpha-Man-IIb GO:0030246_13174_13 carbohydrate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates." [CHEBI:16646, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function alpha-Man-II GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function alpha-Man-II GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function alpha-Man-II GO:0004559_13174_4 alpha-mannosidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-D-mannose residues in alpha-D-mannosides." [EC:3.2.1.24] IEA molecular_function alpha-Man-II GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process alpha-Man-II GO:0006013_6281_3 mannose metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose. The D-(+)-form is widely distributed in mannans and hemicelluloses and is of major importance in the core oligosaccharide of N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process alpha-Man-II GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function alpha-Man-II GO:0015923_13174_3 mannosidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of mannosyl compounds, substances containing a group derived from a cyclic form of mannose or a mannose derivative." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function alpha-Man-II GO:0030246_13174_13 carbohydrate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates." [CHEBI:16646, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Alr GO:0016972_13174_2 thiol oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4 R'C(R)SH + O2 = 2 R'C(R)S-S(R)CR' + 2 H2O." [EC:1.8.3.2] IEA molecular_function Alr GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process AmCG12344 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function AmCG12344 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process AmCG12344 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process AmCG12344 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component AmCG12344 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component AmCG12344 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Amel_8916 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Amel_8916 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Amel_8916 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Amel_8916 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Amel_8916 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Amel_8916 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component amon GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function amon GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Amph GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Amph GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component amx GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function amx GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ank-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ank GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Ank GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ank GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Ank GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process ANKRD50 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Antp GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Antp GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Antp GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Antp GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Antp GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Antp GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Aos1 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function AP-1sigma GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process AP-1sigma GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process AP-1sigma GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function AP-1sigma GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process AP-1sigma GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process AP-1sigma GO:0030117_3650_12 membrane coat "Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component AP-50 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function AP-50 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process AP-50 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process AP-50 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process AP-50 GO:0030131_3650_9 clathrin adaptor complex "A membrane coat adaptor complex that links clathrin to a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component APC7 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Apf GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ap GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function ap GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ap GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component ap GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process ap GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ap GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function aph-1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component aph-1 GO:0016485_6281_2 protein processing "Any protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. Protein maturation is the process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein." [GOC:curators, GOC:jl, GOC:jsg] IEA biological_process aph-1 GO:0043085_6281_1 positive regulation of catalytic activity "Any process that activates or increases the activity of an enzyme." [GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process aPKC GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function aPKC GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function aPKC GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function aPKC GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function aPKC GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function aPKC GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function aPKC GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process aPKC GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function aPKC GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Aplip1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function APP-BP1 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Appl GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Appl GO:0008201_13174_2 heparin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heparin, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans found mainly as an intracellular component of mast cells and which consist predominantly of alternating alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galactose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-6-sulfate residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Appl GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Appl GO:0046914_13174_11 transition metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transition metal ions; a transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Aprt GO:0003999_13174_1 adenine phosphoribosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: AMP + diphosphate = adenine + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate." [EC:2.4.2.7] IEA molecular_function Aprt GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Aprt GO:0006168_6281_1 adenine salvage "Any process that generates adenine, 6-aminopurine, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Aprt GO:0009116_6281_6 nucleoside metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (a ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleoside), e.g. adenosine, guanosine, inosine, cytidine, uridine and deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, deoxycytidine and thymidine (= deoxythymidine)." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Aps GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function AQR GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function AQR GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function AQR GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function AQR GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function AQR GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function aralar1 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Arc42 GO:0003995_13174_10 acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor." [EC:1.3.99.3] IEA molecular_function Arc42 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Arc42 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Arc42 GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Arc42 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Arc-p34 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component Arc-p34 GO:0030833_6281_4 regulation of actin filament polymerization "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin filaments by the addition of actin monomers to a filament." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ard1 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ard1 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Argk GO:0016301_13174_14 kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Argk GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function arm GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function arm GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function armi GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function armi GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function armi GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function armi GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function armi GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function armi GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Arp11 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function Arp11 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Arp11 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Arp11 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Arp1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Arp8 GO:0004601_13174_12 peroxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7] IEA molecular_function Arp8 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Arpc3A GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component Arpc3A GO:0030833_6281_4 regulation of actin filament polymerization "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin filaments by the addition of actin monomers to a filament." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Arpc4 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component Arpc4 GO:0030041_6281_1 actin filament polymerization "Assembly of actin filaments by the addition of actin monomers to a filament." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Arr1 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Arr2 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process arr GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function arr GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Art1 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Art1 GO:0006479_6281_4 protein methylation "The addition of a methyl group to a protein amino acid. A methyl group is derived from methane by the removal of a hydrogen atom." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Art1 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Art1 GO:0008276_13174_4 protein methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group (CH3-) to a protein." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Art3 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Art3 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Art8 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Art8 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Art8 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Art8 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Art8 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function asf1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component asf1 GO:0006333_6281_1 chromatin assembly or disassembly "The formation or destruction of chromatin structures." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process As GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component As GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process As GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function ash1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function ash1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ash1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component ash1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ash1 GO:0018024_13174_10 histone-lysine N-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives." [EC:2.1.1.43, RESID:AA0074, RESID:AA0075, RESID:AA0076] IEA molecular_function ash2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ash2 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function asparagine-synthetase GO:0004066_13174_2 asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-aspartate + L-glutamine = AMP + diphosphate + L-asparagine + L-glutamate." [EC:6.3.5.4] IEA molecular_function asparagine-synthetase GO:0006529_6281_2 asparagine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of asparagine, 2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process asparagine-synthetase GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process AST GO:0005184_13174_4 neuropeptide hormone activity "The action characteristic of a neuropeptide hormone, any peptide hormone that acts in the central nervous system. A neuropeptide is any of several types of molecules found in brain tissue, composed of short chains of amino acids; they include endorphins, enkephalins, vasopressin, and others. They are often localized in axon terminals at synapses and are classified as putative neurotransmitters, although some are also hormones." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Ate1 GO:0004057_13174_1 arginyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginyl-tRNA + protein = tRNA + L-arginyl-protein." [EC:2.3.2.8] IEA molecular_function Ate1 GO:0016598_6281_1 protein arginylation "The conjugation of arginine to the N-terminal aspartate or glutamate of a protein; required for the degradation of the protein via the ubiquitin pathway." [PMID:17896865] IEA biological_process ATF-3-like GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function ATF-3-like GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function ATF-3-like GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process ATF-3-like GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ATF-3-like GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Atf6 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Atf6 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Atf6 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Atf6 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Atg1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Atg1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Atg1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Atg1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Atg1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Atg1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Atg5 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Atg5 GO:0006914_6281_3 autophagy "The process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation." [ISBN:0198547684, PMID:11099404, PMID:9412464] IEA biological_process Atg6 GO:0006914_6281_3 autophagy "The process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation." [ISBN:0198547684, PMID:11099404, PMID:9412464] IEA biological_process atl GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function atl GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ATM GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ATM GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ATM GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Atp5a1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Atp5a1 GO:0015986_6281_12 ATP synthesis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process Atp5a1 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process Atp5a1 GO:0015992_6281_5 proton transport "The directed movement of protons (hydrogen ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Atp5a1 GO:0016469_3650_4 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex "A large protein complex that catalyzes the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by a rotational mechanism, coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0, V0, or A0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1, V1, or A1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis or hydrolysis. Two major types have been characterized: V-type ATPases couple ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across a concentration gradient, whereas F-type ATPases, also known as ATP synthases, normally run in the reverse direction to utilize energy from a proton concentration or electrochemical gradient to synthesize ATP. A third type, A-type ATPases have been found in archaea, and are closely related to eukaryotic V-type ATPases but are reversible." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16691483] IEA cellular_component Atp5a1 GO:0016820_13174_11 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, catalyzing transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acid anhydride to directly drive the transport of a substance across a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Atp5a1 GO:0033178_3650_8 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, catalytic domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis or synthesis. The catalytic domain (F1, V1, or A1) comprises a hexameric catalytic core and a central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the membrane when the two-sector ATPase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component Atp5a1 GO:0045261_3650_4 proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) "The sector of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase complex in which the catalytic activity resides; it comprises the catalytic core and central stalk, and is peripherally associated with a membrane, such as the plasma membrane or the mitochondrial inner membrane, when the entire ATP synthase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component Atp5a1 GO:0046034_6281_10 ATP metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Atp5a1 GO:0046933_13174_9 hydrogen ion transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + phosphate = ATP + H2O, coupled with transport of H+ down a concentration gradient, by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14, TC:3.A.2.1.1] IEA molecular_function Atp5a1 GO:0046961_13174_10 proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14] IEA molecular_function Atp5b GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Atp5b GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Atp5b GO:0008553_13174_1 hydrogen-exporting ATPase activity, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + H+(out); by a phosphorylative mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.6] IEA molecular_function Atp5b GO:0015986_6281_12 ATP synthesis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process Atp5b GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process Atp5b GO:0015992_6281_5 proton transport "The directed movement of protons (hydrogen ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Atp5b GO:0016469_3650_4 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex "A large protein complex that catalyzes the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by a rotational mechanism, coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0, V0, or A0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1, V1, or A1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis or hydrolysis. Two major types have been characterized: V-type ATPases couple ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across a concentration gradient, whereas F-type ATPases, also known as ATP synthases, normally run in the reverse direction to utilize energy from a proton concentration or electrochemical gradient to synthesize ATP. A third type, A-type ATPases have been found in archaea, and are closely related to eukaryotic V-type ATPases but are reversible." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16691483] IEA cellular_component Atp5b GO:0016820_13174_11 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, catalyzing transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acid anhydride to directly drive the transport of a substance across a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Atp5b GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Atp5b GO:0033178_3650_8 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, catalytic domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis or synthesis. The catalytic domain (F1, V1, or A1) comprises a hexameric catalytic core and a central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the membrane when the two-sector ATPase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component Atp5b GO:0045261_3650_4 proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) "The sector of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase complex in which the catalytic activity resides; it comprises the catalytic core and central stalk, and is peripherally associated with a membrane, such as the plasma membrane or the mitochondrial inner membrane, when the entire ATP synthase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component Atp5b GO:0046034_6281_10 ATP metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Atp5b GO:0046933_13174_9 hydrogen ion transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + phosphate = ATP + H2O, coupled with transport of H+ down a concentration gradient, by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14, TC:3.A.2.1.1] IEA molecular_function Atp5b GO:0046961_13174_10 proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14] IEA molecular_function Atp5c1 GO:0015986_6281_12 ATP synthesis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process Atp5c1 GO:0045261_3650_4 proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) "The sector of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase complex in which the catalytic activity resides; it comprises the catalytic core and central stalk, and is peripherally associated with a membrane, such as the plasma membrane or the mitochondrial inner membrane, when the entire ATP synthase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component Atp5c1 GO:0046933_13174_9 hydrogen ion transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + phosphate = ATP + H2O, coupled with transport of H+ down a concentration gradient, by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14, TC:3.A.2.1.1] IEA molecular_function Atp5c1 GO:0046961_13174_10 proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14] IEA molecular_function Atp5d GO:0015986_6281_12 ATP synthesis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process Atp5d GO:0045261_3650_4 proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) "The sector of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase complex in which the catalytic activity resides; it comprises the catalytic core and central stalk, and is peripherally associated with a membrane, such as the plasma membrane or the mitochondrial inner membrane, when the entire ATP synthase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component Atp5d GO:0046933_13174_9 hydrogen ion transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + phosphate = ATP + H2O, coupled with transport of H+ down a concentration gradient, by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14, TC:3.A.2.1.1] IEA molecular_function Atp5d GO:0046961_13174_10 proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14] IEA molecular_function Atp5f1 GO:0000276_3650_5 mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) "All non-F1 subunits of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral mitochondrial inner membrane proteins." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component Atp5f1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Atp5f1 GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Atp5f1 GO:0015986_6281_12 ATP synthesis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process ATP5G2 GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ATP5G2 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process ATP5G2 GO:0033177_3650_11 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, proton-transporting domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and carries out proton transport across a membrane. The proton-transporting domain (F0, V0, or A0) includes integral and peripheral membrane proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component Atp5i GO:0000276_3650_5 mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) "All non-F1 subunits of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral mitochondrial inner membrane proteins." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component Atp5i GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Atp5i GO:0015986_6281_12 ATP synthesis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process ATP7 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function ATP7 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ATP7 GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ATP7 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ATP7 GO:0006754_6281_7 ATP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process ATP7 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process ATP7 GO:0006825_6281_2 copper ion transport "The directed movement of copper (Cu) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process ATP7 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process ATP7 GO:0015662_13174_15 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate." [PMID:10322420, PMID:10600683] IEA molecular_function ATP7 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component ATP7 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component ATP7 GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process ATP7 GO:0031177_13174_11 phosphopantetheine binding "Interacting selectively with phosphopantetheine, the vitamin pantetheine 4'-(dihydrogen phosphate)." [CHEBI:16858, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function ATP7 GO:0043682_13174_1 copper-transporting ATPase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Cu2+ = ADP + phosphate + Cu2+, directly driving the transport of the copper ions across a membrane." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ATP7 GO:0046034_6281_10 ATP metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process ATP7 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Atpaf1 GO:0005739_3650_12 mitochondrion "A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Atpaf1 GO:0006461_6281_5 protein complex assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Atpalpha GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Atpalpha GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Atpalpha GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Atpalpha GO:0006754_6281_7 ATP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Atpalpha GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Atpalpha GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Atpalpha GO:0015077_13174_3 monovalent inorganic cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a inorganic cations with a valency of one from one side of a membrane to the other. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge that do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Atpalpha GO:0015662_13174_15 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate." [PMID:10322420, PMID:10600683] IEA molecular_function Atpalpha GO:0015672_6281_4 monovalent inorganic cation transport "The directed movement of inorganic cations with a valency of one into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Atpalpha GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Atpalpha GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Atpalpha GO:0016820_13174_11 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, catalyzing transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acid anhydride to directly drive the transport of a substance across a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Atpalpha GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ATPCL GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ATPCL GO:0003878_13174_2 ATP citrate synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + ADP + H(+) + oxaloacetate + phosphate = ATP + citrate + CoA." [EC:2.3.3.8, RHEA:21163] IEA molecular_function ATPCL GO:0004775_13174_2 succinate-CoA ligase (ADP-forming) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + succinate + CoA = ADP + succinyl-CoA + phosphate." [EC:6.2.1.5] IEA molecular_function ATPCL GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ATPCL GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component ATPCL GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process ATPCL GO:0044262_6281_8 cellular carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process ATPCL GO:0046912_13174_3 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups, acyl groups converted into alkyl on transfer "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor), with the acyl group being converted into alkyl on transfer." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ATPsyn-Cf6 GO:0000276_3650_5 mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) "All non-F1 subunits of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral mitochondrial inner membrane proteins." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component ATPsyn-Cf6 GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ATPsyn-Cf6 GO:0015986_6281_12 ATP synthesis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process ATPsyn-d GO:0000276_3650_5 mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) "All non-F1 subunits of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral mitochondrial inner membrane proteins." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component ATPsyn-d GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ATPsyn-d GO:0015986_6281_12 ATP synthesis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process aub GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function aub GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ave GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function awd GO:0004550_13174_4 nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside diphosphate = ADP + nucleoside triphosphate." [EC:2.7.4.6] IEA molecular_function awd GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function awd GO:0006165_6281_4 nucleoside diphosphate phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group into a nucleoside diphosphate to produce a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process awd GO:0006183_6281_4 GTP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process awd GO:0006228_6281_4 UTP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UTP, uridine (5'-)triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process awd GO:0006241_6281_4 CTP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CTP, cytidine 5'-triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Awh GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Awh GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Awh GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Awh GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Awh GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Axin GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Axin GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function Axin GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Axin GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Axin GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Axin GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Axin GO:0038032_6281_14 termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The signaling process in which G-protein coupled receptor signaling is brought to an end. For example, through the action of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that act to accelerate hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on G-alpha proteins, thereby terminating the transduced signal." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process Axin GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process axo GO:0004867_13174_10 serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of serine-type endopeptidases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain; a serine residue (and a histidine residue) are at the active center of the enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function axo GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function axo GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function axo GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function axo GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process axo GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component axo GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process B52 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function babo GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function babo GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function babo GO:0004675_13174_5 transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [EC:2.7.11.30] IEA molecular_function babo GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function babo GO:0005024_13174_4 transforming growth factor beta-activated receptor activity "Combining with a transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA molecular_function babo GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function babo GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process babo GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component babo GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function baf GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Baiap3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function bai GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process bai GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Bap55 GO:0004190_13174_12 aspartic-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Bap55 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Bap60 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function bbg GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function bbx GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function bbx GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function bel GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function bel GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function bel GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function bel GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function beta3GalTII GO:0006486_6281_13 protein glycosylation "A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins." [GOC:curators, GOC:pr] IEA biological_process beta3GalTII GO:0008378_13174_9 galactosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a galactosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function beta3GalTII GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component beta4GalNAcTA GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process beta4GalNAcTA GO:0016757_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function beta4GalNAcTB GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process beta4GalNAcTB GO:0016757_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function beta4GalT7 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process beta4GalT7 GO:0016757_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function beta'Cop GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function betaCop GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function betaCop GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function beta'Cop GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function betaCop GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function betaCop GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component beta'Cop GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process betaCop GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process beta'Cop GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process betaCop GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process beta'Cop GO:0030117_3650_12 membrane coat "Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component betaCop GO:0030117_3650_12 membrane coat "Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component betaCop GO:0030126_3650_3 COPI vesicle coat "One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. The mammalian COPI subunits are called alpha-, beta-, beta'-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-COP. Vesicles with COPI coats are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state." [GOC:mah, PMID:11252894] IEA cellular_component betaggt-I GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function betaggt-II GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function beta-Spec GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function beta-Spec GO:0005200_13174_2 structural constituent of cytoskeleton "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cytoskeletal structure." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function beta-Spec GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function beta-Spec GO:0008091_3650_1 spectrin "Membrane associated dimeric protein (240 and 220 kDa) of erythrocytes. Forms a complex with ankyrin, actin and probably other components of the membrane cytoskeleton, so that there is a mesh of proteins underlying the plasma membrane, potentially restricting the lateral mobility of integral proteins." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Bgb GO:0003713_13174_4 transcription coactivator activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a activating transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function Bgb GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component bgm GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function bgm GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process bib GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function bib GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process bib GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component BicC GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function BicC GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function BicD GO:0000160_6281_6 two-component signal transduction system (phosphorelay) "A conserved series of molecular signals found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; involves autophosphorylation of a histidine kinase and the transfer of the phosphate group to an aspartate that then acts as a phospho-donor to response regulator proteins." [PMID:9191038] IEA biological_process BicD GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function BicD GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component BicD GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Bili GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component bl GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Blimp-1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Blimp-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Blimp-1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Blimp-1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Blop GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process Blop GO:0007601_6281_5 visual perception "The series of events required for an organism to receive a visual stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Visual stimuli are detected in the form of photons and are processed to form an image." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Blop GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component blow GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function BM-40-SPARC GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function BM-40-SPARC GO:0005615_3650_7 extracellular space "That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component BMS1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component BMS1 GO:0042254_6281_10 ribosome biogenesis "A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process bol GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function bor GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function bor GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function bor GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function botv GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component botv GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function botv GO:0031227_3650_9 intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane "Located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component brat GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function brat GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component brat GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Br-c GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Br-c GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Br-c GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Brd7 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Brd8 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Bre1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Bre1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function brm GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function brm GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function brm GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function brm GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function brm GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function brm GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component brm GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process brm GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function brm GO:0016817_13174_10 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function brm GO:0016818_13174_12 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function BRWD3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Bsg GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function bs GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function bs GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function bsk GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function bsk GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function bsk GO:0004707_13174_6 MAP kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein + ATP = protein phosphate + ADP. This reaction is the phosphorylation of proteins. Mitogen-activated protein kinase; a family of protein kinases that perform a crucial step in relaying signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. They are activated by a wide range of proliferation- or differentiation-inducing signals; activation is strong with agonists such as polypeptide growth factors and tumor-promoting phorbol esters, but weak (in most cell backgrounds) by stress stimuli." [GOC:ma, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function bsk GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function bsk GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function bsk GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process bsk GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function BTBD9 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function btsz GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function btv GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function btv GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function btv GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function btv GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component btv GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process btv GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process btv GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function btv GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function btv GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Bub3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function bun GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function bun GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process bur GO:0003922_13174_1 GMP synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + xanthosine 5'-phosphate + L-glutamine + H2O = AMP + diphosphate + GMP + L-glutamate." [EC:6.3.5.2] IEA molecular_function bur GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function bur GO:0006164_6281_4 purine nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process bur GO:0006177_6281_1 GMP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GMP, guanosine monophosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process bwa GO:0006672_6281_1 ceramide metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ceramides, any N-acylated sphingoid." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process bwa GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component bwa GO:0016811_13174_2 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a linear amide." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function bw GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function bw GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function bw GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component bw GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function bw GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Bx42 GO:0000398_6281_4 mRNA splicing, via spliceosome "The joining together of exons from one or more primary transcripts of messenger RNA (mRNA) and the excision of intron sequences, via a spliceosomal mechanism, so that mRNA consisting only of the joined exons is produced." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0879695897] IEA biological_process Bx42 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Bx42 GO:0005681_3650_5 spliceosomal complex "Any of a series of ribonucleoprotein complexes that contain RNA and small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and are formed sequentially during the splicing of a messenger RNA primary transcript to excise an intron." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:19239890] IEA cellular_component Bx42 GO:0006614_6281_14 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane "The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process by GO:0004180_13174_5 carboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the terminal or penultimate peptide bond at the C-terminal end of a peptide or polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function by GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function by GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function by GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process by GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Bzd GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function C1q-VP GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ca-beta GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Cac GO:0004190_13174_12 aspartic-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cac GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Cac GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cac GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Cac GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Cac GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Cac GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process cact1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function cact2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function cact3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Cad99C-like GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cad99C-like GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component Cad99C-like GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process Cad99C-like GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cad99C-like GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component cad GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Cad GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cad GO:0004070_13174_1 aspartate carbamoyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-aspartate + carbamoyl phosphate = N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate + H(+) + phosphate." [EC:2.1.3.2, RHEA:20016] IEA molecular_function cad GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Cad GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function cad GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Cad GO:0006207_6281_5 'de novo' pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyrimidine nucleobases, 1,3-diazine, organic nitrogenous bases, beginning with the synthesis of a pyrimidine ring from simpler precursors." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716720094] IEA biological_process cad GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Cad GO:0006520_6281_15 cellular amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33709, GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cad GO:0006543_6281_1 glutamine catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Cad GO:0006807_6281_12 nitrogen compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium." [CHEBI:51143, GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cad GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Cad GO:0016597_13174_5 amino acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an amino acid, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cad GO:0016743_13174_2 carboxyl- or carbamoyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a carboxyl- or carbamoyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Cad GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cad GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Cad GO:0016812_13174_3 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a cyclic amide." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function cad GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Cad GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cad GO:0070409_6281_1 carbamoyl phosphate biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbamoyl phosphate, an intermediate in the urea cycle and other nitrogen compound metabolic pathways." [CHEBI:17672, GOC:mah, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CadN GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CadN GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function CadN GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component CadN GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process CadN GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process CadN GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Caf1-105 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Caf1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function CAH1 GO:0004089_13174_3 carbonate dehydratase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: H2CO3 = CO2 + H2O." [EC:4.2.1.1] IEA molecular_function CAH1 GO:0006730_6281_4 one-carbon metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the transfer of one-carbon units in various oxidation states." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah, GOC:pde] IEA biological_process CAH1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Calpb GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Calpb GO:0004198_13174_4 calcium-dependent cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism using a cysteine residue at the enzyme active center, and requiring the presence of calcium." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Calpb GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Calpb GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Calpb GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process CalpC GO:0004198_13174_4 calcium-dependent cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism using a cysteine residue at the enzyme active center, and requiring the presence of calcium." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CalpC GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component CalpC GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Calx GO:0005432_13174_1 calcium:sodium antiporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Ca2+(in) + Na+(out) = Ca2+(out) + Na+(in)." [GOC:curators, PMID:16371597] IEA molecular_function Calx GO:0006816_6281_3 calcium ion transport "The directed movement of calcium (Ca) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Calx GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Calx GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Calx GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Calx GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process CaMKI GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function CaMKI GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function CaMKI GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function CaMKI GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CaMKI GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process CaMKI GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Camkii GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Camkii GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Camkii GO:0004683_13174_1 calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + a protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate; and ATP + a protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate. These reactions require the presence of calcium-bound calmodulin." [GOC:mah, PMID:11264466] IEA molecular_function Camkii GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Camkii GO:0005516_13174_4 calmodulin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calmodulin, a calcium-binding protein with many roles, both in the calcium-bound and calcium-free states." [GOC:krc] IEA molecular_function Camkii GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Camkii GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Camkii GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Camta GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Camta GO:0005516_13174_4 calmodulin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calmodulin, a calcium-binding protein with many roles, both in the calcium-bound and calcium-free states." [GOC:krc] IEA molecular_function Camta GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Camta GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process CAP-D2 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CAP-D2 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component CAP-D2 GO:0007067_6281_4 mitosis "A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides; the process involves condensation of chromosomal DNA into a highly compacted form. Canonically, mitosis produces two daughter nuclei whose chromosome complement is identical to that of the mother cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:ma, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process CAP-D2 GO:0030261_6281_1 chromosome condensation "The progressive compaction of dispersed interphase chromatin into threadlike chromosomes prior to mitotic or meiotic nuclear division, or during apoptosis, in eukaryotic cells." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process Cap GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Cap GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cap GO:0005694_3650_11 chromosome "A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Cap GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Cap GO:0051276_6281_4 chromosome organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of chromosomes, structures composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins that carries hereditary information." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process CAPN7 GO:0004198_13174_4 calcium-dependent cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism using a cysteine residue at the enzyme active center, and requiring the presence of calcium." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CAPN7 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component CAPN7 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Caps GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function capu GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function capu GO:0016043_6281_8 cellular component organization "A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component." [GOC:ai, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process capu GO:0030036_6281_8 actin cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process car GO:0006904_6281_12 vesicle docking involved in exocytosis "The initial attachment of a vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane, that contributes to exocytosis." [GOC:jid] IEA biological_process car GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Cas GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cas GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Cas GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Cas GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function casp GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Cat GO:0004096_13174_3 catalase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 hydrogen peroxide = O2 + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.6] IEA molecular_function Cat GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Cat GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Cat GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cat GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Cat GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cat GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Cat GO:0006979_6281_14 response to oxidative stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] IEA biological_process Cat GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cat GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cat GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process cathD GO:0004190_13174_12 aspartic-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function cathD GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Catsup GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Catsup GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Catsup GO:0046873_13174_9 metal ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of metal ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Catsup GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process cbc GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function cbc GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Cbp80 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cbp80 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Cbp80 GO:0016070_6281_11 RNA metabolic process "The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process CBP GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cbs GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cbs GO:0004122_13174_1 cystathionine beta-synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + L-homocysteine = cystathionine + H2O." [EC:4.2.1.22] IEA molecular_function Cbs GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Cbs GO:0006535_6281_2 cysteine biosynthetic process from serine "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine from other compounds, including serine." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Cbs GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Cbs GO:0019343_6281_1 cysteine biosynthetic process via cystathionine "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, via the intermediate cystathionine." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Cbs GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CCAPR GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process CCAPR GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Ccar1 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CCS GO:0004784_13174_5 superoxide dismutase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 superoxide + 2 H+ = O2 + hydrogen peroxide." [EC:1.15.1.1] IEA molecular_function CCS GO:0006801_6281_6 superoxide metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving superoxide, the superoxide anion O2- (superoxide free radical), or any compound containing this species." [CHEBI:18421, GOC:jl] IEA biological_process CCS GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process CCS GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CCS GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Cct5 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cct5 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process Cct5 GO:0044267_6281_10 cellular protein metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Cct5 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cctgamma GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cctgamma GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process Cctgamma GO:0044267_6281_10 cellular protein metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Cctgamma GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cda4 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cda4 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Cda4 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cda4 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cda4 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cda4 GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Cda5 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cda5 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Cda5 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cda5 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cda5 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cda5 GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function cdc14 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function cdc14 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process cdc14 GO:0008138_13174_15 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function cdc14 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process cdc14 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function Cdc27 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function cdc2c GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function cdc2c GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function cdc2c GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function cdc2c GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function cdc2c GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process cdc2c GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function cdc2rk GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function cdc2rk GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function cdc2rk GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function cdc2rk GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function cdc2rk GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function cdc2rk GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process cdc2rk GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cdc42 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Cdc42 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cdc42 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Cdc42 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cdc42 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Cdc42 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Cdc42 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Cdc42 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Cdc42 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Cdc42 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component CDC45L GO:0006270_6281_1 DNA replication initiation "The process in which DNA-dependent DNA replication is started; this involves the separation of a stretch of the DNA double helix, the recruitment of DNA polymerases and the initiation of polymerase action." [ISBN:071673706X, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process Cdc6 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Cdc6 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Cdk4 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Cdk4 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Cdk4 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Cdk4 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cdk4 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Cdk4 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cdk5alpha GO:0016533_3650_1 cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 holoenzyme complex "A protein complex that activates cyclin-dependent kinase 5; composed of regulatory and catalytic subunits." [PMID:15689152] IEA cellular_component Cdk5alpha GO:0016534_13174_1 cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 activator activity "Increases the activity of cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Cdk5 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Cdk5 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Cdk5 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Cdk5 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cdk5 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Cdk5 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cdk7 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Cdk7 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Cdk7 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Cdk7 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cdk7 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Cdk7 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cdk9 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Cdk9 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Cdk9 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Cdk9 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cdk9 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Cdk9 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function cdm GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CdsA GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component CdsA GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ced-12 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ced-12 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component Ced-12 GO:0006909_6281_2 phagocytosis "An endocytosis process that results in the engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes. The particles are initially contained within phagocytic vacuoles (phagosomes), which then fuse with primary lysosomes to effect digestion of the particles." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process ced-6 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function cenB1A GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function cenB1A GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component cenB1A GO:0008060_13174_9 ARF GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function cenB1A GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function cenB1A GO:0032312_6281_9 regulation of ARF GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process cenG1A GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function cenG1A GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function cenG1A GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function cenG1A GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component cenG1A GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process cenG1A GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process cenG1A GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process cenG1A GO:0008060_13174_9 ARF GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function cenG1A GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function cenG1A GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process cenG1A GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component cenG1A GO:0032312_6281_9 regulation of ARF GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Cep97 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Cetn2 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Cetn2 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cetn2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cetn2 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function chb GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function chb GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Chd1 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Chd1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Chd1 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Chd1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Chd1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Chd1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Chd1 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Chd64 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function chif GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function chif GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function chm GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function chm GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component chm GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process chm GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function chm GO:0016747_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function chp GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Chro GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Cht11 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Cht11 GO:0004568_13174_11 chitinase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins." [EC:3.2.1.14, GOC:bf, GOC:kah, GOC:pde, PMID:11468293] IEA molecular_function Cht11 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cht11 GO:0006032_6281_11 chitin catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cht3 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Cht3 GO:0004568_13174_11 chitinase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins." [EC:3.2.1.14, GOC:bf, GOC:kah, GOC:pde, PMID:11468293] IEA molecular_function Cht3 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Cht3 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cht3 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cht3 GO:0006032_6281_11 chitin catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cht3 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cht5 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Cht5 GO:0004568_13174_11 chitinase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins." [EC:3.2.1.14, GOC:bf, GOC:kah, GOC:pde, PMID:11468293] IEA molecular_function Cht5 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Cht5 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cht5 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cht5 GO:0006032_6281_11 chitin catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cht5 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ciao1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function cib GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function cib GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component cib GO:0007010_6281_12 cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process cic GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function cic GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ci GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Ci GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Ci GO:0005667_3650_10 transcription factor complex "A protein complex, distinct from RNA polymerase, that associates with DNA at promoters or at cis-acting regulatory sequences, by direct binding or by interaction with other DNA-binding polypeptides or complexes, and regulates transcription." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Ci GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Ci GO:0007179_6281_7 transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process Ci GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function cin GO:0006777_6281_6 Mo-molybdopterin cofactor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the Mo-molybdopterin cofactor, essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo) ion coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands." [http://www.sunysb.edu/biochem/BIOCHEM/facultypages/schindelin/, ISSN:09498257] IEA biological_process cin GO:0032324_6281_1 molybdopterin cofactor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the molybdopterin cofactor (Moco), essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes, e.g. sulfite oxidase, xanthine dehydrogenase, and aldehyde oxidase. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo-molybdopterin) or tungsten ion (W-molybdopterin) coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Cka GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function CkIIalpha GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function CkIIalpha GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function CkIIalpha GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function CkIIalpha GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CkIIalpha GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process CkIIalpha GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CkIIbeta GO:0005956_3650_1 protein kinase CK2 complex "A protein complex that possesses protein serine/threonine kinase activity, and contains two catalytic alpha subunits and two regulatory beta subunits. Protein kinase CK2 complexes are found in nearly every subcellular compartment, and can phosphorylate many protein substrates in addition to casein." [GOC:mah, PMID:10994779] IEA cellular_component CkIIbeta GO:0019887_13174_1 protein kinase regulator activity "Modulates the activity of a protein kinase, an enzyme which phosphorylates a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Clc GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Clc GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Clc GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Clc GO:0030130_3650_2 clathrin coat of trans-Golgi network vesicle "A clathrin coat found on a vesicle of the trans-Golgi network." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Clc GO:0030132_3650_2 clathrin coat of coated pit "The coat found on coated pits and the coated vesicles derived from coated pits; comprises clathrin and the AP-2 adaptor complex." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component CLCN7 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function CLCN7 GO:0005247_13174_3 voltage-gated chloride channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function CLCN7 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function CLCN7 GO:0006821_6281_7 chloride transport "The directed movement of chloride into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process CLCN7 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component CLCN7 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Clk GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Clk GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Clk GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Clk GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process cln3 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Clp GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Clp GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function c-mos GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function c-mos GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function c-mos GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function c-mos GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function c-mos GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process c-mos GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function cnc GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function cnc GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function cnc GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process cnc GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function cnir GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component cnir GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process cnk GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function cno GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function cno GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Cog3 GO:0005801_3650_3 cis-Golgi network "The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located at the convex side of the Golgi apparatus, which abuts the endoplasmic reticulum." [ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Cog3 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Cog3 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component collier GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Con GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function cope GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function cope GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function cope GO:0006890_6281_1 retrograde vesicle-mediated transport, Golgi to ER "The directed movement of substances from the Golgi back to the endoplasmic reticulum, mediated by vesicles bearing specific protein coats such as COPI or COG." [ISBN:0716731363, PMID:16510524] IEA biological_process cope GO:0030126_3650_3 COPI vesicle coat "One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. The mammalian COPI subunits are called alpha-, beta-, beta'-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-COP. Vesicles with COPI coats are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state." [GOC:mah, PMID:11252894] IEA cellular_component Coq2 GO:0004659_13174_3 prenyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a prenyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Coq2 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Coq2 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Coq7 GO:0006744_6281_5 ubiquinone biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ubiquinone, a lipid-soluble electron-transporting coenzyme." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Coq7 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Coq7 GO:0046914_13174_11 transition metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transition metal ions; a transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Coq7 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CoRest GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function CoRest GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function cort GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Cox10 GO:0004659_13174_3 prenyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a prenyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Cox10 GO:0008495_13174_1 protoheme IX farnesyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protoheme IX + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + H2O = heme o + diphosphate." [MetaCyc:HEMEOSYN-RXN] IEA molecular_function Cox10 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Cox10 GO:0048034_6281_1 heme O biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme O, a derivative of heme containing a 17-carbon hydroxyethylfarnesyl side chain at position 8 of the tetrapyrrole macrocycle." [GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Cox4I1 GO:0004129_13174_11 cytochrome-c oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O." [EC:1.9.3.1] IEA molecular_function Cox5a GO:0004129_13174_11 cytochrome-c oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O." [EC:1.9.3.1] IEA molecular_function Cox5b GO:0004129_13174_11 cytochrome-c oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O." [EC:1.9.3.1] IEA molecular_function Cox5b GO:0005740_3650_5 mitochondrial envelope "The double lipid bilayer enclosing the mitochondrion and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space." [GOC:ai, GOC:pz] IEA cellular_component Cox6a1 GO:0004129_13174_11 cytochrome-c oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O." [EC:1.9.3.1] IEA molecular_function Cox6a1 GO:0005743_3650_6 mitochondrial inner membrane "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae." [GOC:ai] IEA cellular_component Cox6a1 GO:0005751_3650_2 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV "A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Contains the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2)." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Cox6b1 GO:0004129_13174_11 cytochrome-c oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O." [EC:1.9.3.1] IEA molecular_function Cox6b1 GO:0005739_3650_12 mitochondrion "A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Cox6c GO:0004129_13174_11 cytochrome-c oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O." [EC:1.9.3.1] IEA molecular_function Cp190 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Cp190 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cpap3-b GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Cpap3-b GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cpap3-b GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cpap3-c GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Cpap3-c GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cpap3-c GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cpap3-d GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Cpap3-d GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cpap3-d GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cpap3-e GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Cpap3-e GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Cpap3-e GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cpn2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function CPR13 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR14 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR15 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR17 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR18 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR19 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR1 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR20 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR22 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR23 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR24 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR25 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR26 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR27 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR28 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR2 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR3 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR4 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR5 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR7 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CPR9 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Cpsf160 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Cpsf160 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Cpsf73 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CPTI GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function cpx GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process cpx GO:0019905_13174_1 syntaxin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a syntaxin, a SNAP receptor involved in the docking of synaptic vesicles at the presynaptic zone of a synapse." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cralbp GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Cralbp GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function crb GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function crb GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function crc GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Crc GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Crc GO:0005783_3650_14 endoplasmic reticulum "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component crc GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Crc GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process crc GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function crc GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Crc GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Creb GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Creb GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Creb GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Creb GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Creb GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CREB-H-like GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function CREB-H-like GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function CREB-H-like GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process CREB-H-like GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CREB-H-like GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cript GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function crl GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CRMP GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component CRMP GO:0006208_6281_1 pyrimidine nucleobase catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pyrimidine nucleobases, 1,3-diazine, organic nitrogenous bases." [CHEBI:26432, GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process CRMP GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CRMP GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CRMP GO:0016812_13174_3 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a cyclic amide." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function crn GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function crn GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component crn GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process croc GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function croc GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process croc GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Cry2 GO:0003913_13174_3 DNA photolyase activity "Catalysis of the repair of a photoproduct resulting from ultraviolet irradiation of two adjacent pyrimidine residues in DNA." [GOC:mah, PMID:11124949] IEA molecular_function Cry2 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process Cryl1 GO:0003857_13174_2 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NAD+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADH + H(+)." [EC:1.1.1.35] IEA molecular_function Cryl1 GO:0006631_6281_5 fatty acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Cryl1 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Cryl1 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cryl1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Crzr GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process Crzr GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Csat GO:0000139_3650_4 Golgi membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Csat GO:0005338_13174_1 nucleotide-sugar transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotide-sugar from one side of the membrane to the other. A nucleotide-sugar is any nucleotide in which the distal phosphoric residue of a nucleoside 5'-diphosphate is in glycosidic linkage with a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, PMID:15034926] IEA molecular_function Csat GO:0005351_13174_8 sugar:hydrogen symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sugar(out) + H+(out) = sugar(in) + H+(in)." [TC:2.A.1.1.-] IEA molecular_function Csat GO:0008643_6281_2 carbohydrate transport "The directed movement of carbohydrate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Carbohydrates are any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Csat GO:0015780_6281_1 nucleotide-sugar transport "The directed movement of nucleotide-sugars into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Nucleotide-sugars are any nucleotide in which the distal phosphoric residue of a nucleoside 5'-diphosphate is in glycosidic linkage with a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Csat GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Csat GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Csk GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Csk GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Csk GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Csk GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Csk GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Csk GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Csk GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CSN3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function CSN4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function CSN5 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Csnk1a1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Csnk1a1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Csnk1a1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Csnk1a1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Csnk1a1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Csnk1a1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Csp GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CstF-64 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function csul GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component csul GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function csw GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function csw GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function csw GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process csw GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process csw GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function CtBP GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process CtBP GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CtBP GO:0048037_13174_7 cofactor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cofactor, a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein. Cofactors may be inorganic, such as the metal atoms zinc, iron, and copper in certain forms, or organic, in which case they are referred to as coenzymes. Cofactors may either be bound tightly to active sites or bind loosely with the substrate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CtBP GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CtBP GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CTCF GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component CTCF GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ct GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function ct GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function ct GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ct GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component ct GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process ct GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CTL10 GO:0004896_13174_2 cytokine receptor activity "Combining with a cytokine and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CTL10 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function CTL10 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component CTL11 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CTL12 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CTL1 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CTL2 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function CTL2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function CTL2 GO:0007218_6281_7 neuropeptide signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a peptide neurotransmitter binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process CTL2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component CTL3 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CTL4 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CTL4 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CTL4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function CTL4 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process CTL5 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CTL6 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function CTL6 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CTL6 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component CTL7 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CTL8 GO:0005102_13174_13 receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CTL8 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CTL8 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CTL8 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function CTL8 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process CTL8 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process CTR9 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function CT-SOD GO:0006801_6281_6 superoxide metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving superoxide, the superoxide anion O2- (superoxide free radical), or any compound containing this species." [CHEBI:18421, GOC:jl] IEA biological_process CT-SOD GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CT-SOD GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CUBN GO:0005044_13174_8 scavenger receptor activity "Combining with any modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or other polyanionic ligand and delivering the ligand into the cell via endocytosis. Ligands include acetylated and oxidized LDL, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, apoptotic cells, beta-amyloid fibrils, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs)." [GOC:bf, PMID:11790542, PMID:12379907, PMID:12621157, PMID:20981357] IEA molecular_function CUBN GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CUBN GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function CUBN GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component cul-2 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process cul-2 GO:0031461_3650_6 cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complex "Any ubiquitin ligase complex in which the catalytic core consists of a member of the cullin family and a RING domain protein; the core is associated with one or more additional proteins that confer substrate specificity." [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063] IEA cellular_component cul-2 GO:0031625_13174_6 ubiquitin protein ligase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins." [GOC:vp] IEA molecular_function cul-3 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process cul-3 GO:0031461_3650_6 cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complex "Any ubiquitin ligase complex in which the catalytic core consists of a member of the cullin family and a RING domain protein; the core is associated with one or more additional proteins that confer substrate specificity." [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063] IEA cellular_component cul-3 GO:0031625_13174_6 ubiquitin protein ligase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins." [GOC:vp] IEA molecular_function cul-5 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process cul-5 GO:0031461_3650_6 cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complex "Any ubiquitin ligase complex in which the catalytic core consists of a member of the cullin family and a RING domain protein; the core is associated with one or more additional proteins that confer substrate specificity." [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063] IEA cellular_component cul-5 GO:0031625_13174_6 ubiquitin protein ligase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins." [GOC:vp] IEA molecular_function CUTA GO:0010038_6281_1 response to metal ion "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a metal ion stimulus." [GOC:sm] IEA biological_process cv-2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Cyc1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cyc1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cyc1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CycA GO:0000079_6281_9 regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CDK activity." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process CycA GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component CycA GO:0019901_13174_10 protein kinase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CycA GO:0051726_6281_9 regulation of cell cycle "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process CycB3 GO:0000079_6281_9 regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CDK activity." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process CycB3 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component CycB3 GO:0019901_13174_10 protein kinase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CycB3 GO:0051726_6281_9 regulation of cell cycle "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process CycB GO:0000079_6281_9 regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CDK activity." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process CycB GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component CycB GO:0019901_13174_10 protein kinase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CycB GO:0051726_6281_9 regulation of cell cycle "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process CycC GO:0000079_6281_9 regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CDK activity." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process CycC GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process CycC GO:0016591_3650_2 DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme "Large protein complex composed of the RNA polymerase core complex and a variety of other proteins including transcription factor complexes TFIIA, D, E, F, and H which are required for promoter recognition, and the Mediator subcomplex. Catalyzes the synthesis of eukaryotic pre-mRNA." [GOC:jl, PMID:15196470, Wikipedia:Rna_polymerase_ii] IEA cellular_component CycC GO:0019901_13174_10 protein kinase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CycC GO:0051726_6281_9 regulation of cell cycle "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process CycD GO:0000079_6281_9 regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CDK activity." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process CycD GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component CycD GO:0019901_13174_10 protein kinase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CycD GO:0051726_6281_9 regulation of cell cycle "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process CycE GO:0000079_6281_9 regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CDK activity." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process CycE GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component CycE GO:0019901_13174_10 protein kinase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CycE GO:0051726_6281_9 regulation of cell cycle "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Cyc GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Cyc GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Cyc GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Cyc GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process CycH GO:0000079_6281_9 regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CDK activity." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process CycH GO:0005675_3650_1 holo TFIIH complex "A complex that contains kinase activity directed towards the C-terminal Domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and is essential for initiation at RNA polymerase II promoters in vitro. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of the 5-subunit core (Rad3p, Tfb1p, Tfb2p, Ssl1p and Tfb4p), Ssl2p, and TFIIK (Kin28p, Ccl1p, and Tfb3p). All of the subunits have equivalents in humans: the 5 subunit core is composed of ERCC2, p62, p55, p44, p34; the equivalent of the TFIIK subcomplex is composed of MO15, Mat1, and a cyclin; the human equivalent of Ssl2p is XPB." [GOC:krc, PMID:14500720, PMID:7813015] IEA cellular_component CycH GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process CycH GO:0016591_3650_2 DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme "Large protein complex composed of the RNA polymerase core complex and a variety of other proteins including transcription factor complexes TFIIA, D, E, F, and H which are required for promoter recognition, and the Mediator subcomplex. Catalyzes the synthesis of eukaryotic pre-mRNA." [GOC:jl, PMID:15196470, Wikipedia:Rna_polymerase_ii] IEA cellular_component CycH GO:0019901_13174_10 protein kinase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function CycH GO:0051726_6281_9 regulation of cell cycle "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process CYLD GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component CYLD GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP15A1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP15A1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP15A1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP15A1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP15A1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP18A1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP18A1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP18A1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP18A1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP18A1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP301A1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP301A1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP301A1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP301A1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP301A1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP302A1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP302A1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP302A1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP302A1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP302A1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP303A1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP303A1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP303A1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP303A1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP303A1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP305D1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP305D1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP305D1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP305D1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP305D1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP306A1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP306A1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP306A1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP306A1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP306A1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP307B1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP307B1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP307B1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP307B1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP307B1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Cyp314a1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Cyp314a1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cyp314a1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cyp314a1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Cyp314a1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cyp314a1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Cyp314a1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cyp314a1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cyp314a1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP315A1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP315A1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP315A1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP315A1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP315A1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP334A1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP334A1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP334A1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP334A1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP334A1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP336A1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP336A1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP336A1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP336A1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP336A1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP342A1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP342A1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP342A1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP342A1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP342A1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP343A1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP343A1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP343A1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP343A1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP343A1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP49A1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP49A1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP49A1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP49A1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP49A1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP4AA1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP4AA1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP4AA1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP4AA1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP4AA1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP4AV1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP4AV1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP4AV1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP4AV1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP4AV1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP4AZ1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP4AZ1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP4AZ1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP4AZ1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP4AZ1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Cyp4g11 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cyp4g11 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Cyp4g11 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Cyp4g11 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Cyp4g11 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AQ1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AQ1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AQ1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AQ1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AQ1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AR1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AR1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AR1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AR1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AR1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AS10 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS10 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS10 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS10 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS10 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AS11 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS11 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS11 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS11 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS11 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AS12 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS12 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS12 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS12 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS12 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AS13 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS13 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS13 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS13 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS13 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AS14 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS14 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS14 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS14 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS14 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AS15 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS15 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS15 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS15 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS15 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AS16P GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS16P GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS16P GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS16P GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS16P GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AS17 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS17 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS17 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS17 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS17 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AS1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AS2 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS2 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS2 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS2 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS2 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AS3 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS3 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS3 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS3 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS3 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AS4 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS4 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS4 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS4 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS4 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AS7 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS7 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS7 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS7 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS7 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6AS8 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS8 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS8 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS8 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6AS8 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6BD1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6BD1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6BD1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6BD1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6BD1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP6BE1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6BE1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP6BE1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP6BE1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP6BE1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP9Q1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP9Q1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP9Q1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP9Q1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP9Q1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP9Q2 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP9Q2 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP9Q2 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP9Q2 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP9Q2 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP9Q3 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP9Q3 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP9Q3 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP9Q3 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP9Q3 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP9R1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP9R1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP9R1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP9R1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP9R1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CYP9S1 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP9S1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CYP9S1 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function CYP9S1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CYP9S1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process CytC GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function CytC GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function CytC GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function DAAM GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function DAAM GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function DAAM GO:0016043_6281_8 cellular component organization "A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component." [GOC:ai, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process DAAM GO:0017048_13174_3 Rho GTPase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rho protein, any member of the Rho subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases. Proteins in the Rho subfamily are involved in relaying signals from cell-surface receptors to the actin cytoskeleton." [ISBN:0198547684, PMID:12581856] IEA molecular_function DAAM GO:0030036_6281_8 actin cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Dab GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dad GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Dad GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dad GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Dad GO:0005667_3650_10 transcription factor complex "A protein complex, distinct from RNA polymerase, that associates with DNA at promoters or at cis-acting regulatory sequences, by direct binding or by interaction with other DNA-binding polypeptides or complexes, and regulates transcription." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Dad GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Dad GO:0007179_6281_7 transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process dally GO:0005578_3650_4 proteinaceous extracellular matrix "A layer consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that forms a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. The proteins are secreted by cells in the vicinity. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component dally GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component dally GO:0043395_13174_3 heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, any proteoglycan containing heparan sulfate as the glycosaminoglycan carbohydrate unit." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Dap160 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Dap160 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dat GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function Dat GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function Dat GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Dat GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Dat GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Dat GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component dbo GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dbp80 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Dbp80 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Dbp80 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Dbp80 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Dbx GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Dbx GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dbx GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Dbx GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Dbx GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Dcp2 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Dcp2 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Dcp2 GO:0030145_13174_4 manganese ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with manganese (Mn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Dcr-1 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Dcr-1 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Dcr-1 GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Dcr-1 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Dcr-1 GO:0004525_13174_5 ribonuclease III activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA with 5'-phosphomonoesters and 3'-OH termini; makes two staggered cuts in both strands of dsRNA, leaving a 3' overhang of 2 nt." [PMID:11157775, PMID:15242644] IEA molecular_function Dcr-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dcr-1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Dcr-1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Dcr-1 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Dcr-1 GO:0016891_13174_3 endoribonuclease activity, producing 5'-phosphomonoesters "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 5'-phosphomonoesters." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Dctn2 GO:0005869_3650_1 dynactin complex "A 20S multiprotein assembly of total mass about 1.2 MDa that activates dynein-based activity in vivo. A large structural component of the complex is an actin-like 40 nm filament composed of actin-related protein, to which other components attach." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Dctn2 GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Dctn5 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Dctn6 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ddc GO:0016831_13174_13 carboxy-lyase activity "Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound." [http://www.mercksource.com/] IEA molecular_function Ddc GO:0019752_6281_11 carboxylic acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Ddc GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function DDX17 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function DDX17 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function DDX17 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function DDX17 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Ddx1 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Ddx1 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ddx1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ddx1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ddx1 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Deaf1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Deaf1 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Deaf1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Deaf1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function DebB GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component DebB GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Def1 GO:0006952_6281_4 defense response "Reactions, triggered in response to the presence of a foreign body or the occurrence of an injury, which result in restriction of damage to the organism attacked or prevention/recovery from the infection caused by the attack." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Def2 GO:0006952_6281_4 defense response "Reactions, triggered in response to the presence of a foreign body or the occurrence of an injury, which result in restriction of damage to the organism attacked or prevention/recovery from the infection caused by the attack." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process DEG2 GO:0005272_13174_9 sodium channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a sodium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function DEG2 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process DEG2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component DEG4 GO:0005272_13174_9 sodium channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a sodium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function DEG4 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process DEG4 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component DEG5 GO:0005272_13174_9 sodium channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a sodium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function DEG5 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process DEG5 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component DEG6 GO:0005272_13174_9 sodium channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a sodium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function DEG6 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process DEG6 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component deltaCOP GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function deltaCOP GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process deltaCOP GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process deltaCOP GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process deltaCOP GO:0030131_3650_9 clathrin adaptor complex "A membrane coat adaptor complex that links clathrin to a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Det GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Dfd GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Dfd GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Dfd GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dfd GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Dfd GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Dfd GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Dg GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Dg GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Dgk-epsilon GO:0004143_13174_8 diacylglycerol kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + 1,2-diacylglycerol = NDP + 1,2-diacylglycerol-3-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.107, GOC:elh] IEA molecular_function Dgk-epsilon GO:0007205_6281_8 protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of protein kinase C (PKC). PKC is activated by second messengers including diacylglycerol (DAG)." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process Dgk-epsilon GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Dgk GO:0004143_13174_8 diacylglycerol kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + 1,2-diacylglycerol = NDP + 1,2-diacylglycerol-3-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.107, GOC:elh] IEA molecular_function Dgk GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Dgk GO:0007205_6281_8 protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of protein kinase C (PKC). PKC is activated by second messengers including diacylglycerol (DAG)." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process Dgk GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Dh31-R1 GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function Dh31-R1 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function Dh31-R1 GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process Dh31-R1 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process Dh31-R1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Dh31-R1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Dhap-at GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Dhap-at GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Dhc64C-like GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Dhc64C-like GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Dhc64C-like GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process Dhc64C-like GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Dhfr GO:0004146_13174_1 dihydrofolate reductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + NADP+ = 7,8-dihydrofolate + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.5.1.3] IEA molecular_function Dhfr GO:0006545_6281_1 glycine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine, aminoethanoic acid." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Dhfr GO:0009165_6281_3 nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nucleotides, any nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety; may be mono-, di- or triphosphate; this definition includes cyclic-nucleotides (nucleoside cyclic phosphates)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Dhfr GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dhfr GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Dhpr GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function DHX35 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function DHX35 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function DHX35 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function DHX35 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function DHX35 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function DHX35 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function dia GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function dia GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function dia GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function dia GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component dia GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process dia GO:0016043_6281_8 cellular component organization "A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component." [GOC:ai, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process dia GO:0017048_13174_3 Rho GTPase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rho protein, any member of the Rho subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases. Proteins in the Rho subfamily are involved in relaying signals from cell-surface receptors to the actin cytoskeleton." [ISBN:0198547684, PMID:12581856] IEA molecular_function dia GO:0030036_6281_8 actin cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Dic GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function DIP2 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function DIP2 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Dip-C GO:0004177_13174_10 aminopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal amino acid residues from in a polypeptide chain." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Dip-C GO:0030145_13174_4 manganese ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with manganese (Mn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function disco-r GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component disco-r GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function disp GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Dl-2 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Dl-2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dl-2 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Dl-2 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process DLC-A GO:0005875_3650_3 microtubule associated complex "Any multimeric complex connected to a microtubule." [GOC:jl] IEA cellular_component DLC-A GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process DLC-B GO:0005875_3650_3 microtubule associated complex "Any multimeric complex connected to a microtubule." [GOC:jl] IEA cellular_component DLC-B GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process DLC-D GO:0005875_3650_3 microtubule associated complex "Any multimeric complex connected to a microtubule." [GOC:jl] IEA cellular_component DLC-D GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Dl GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Dl GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Dl GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dl GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Dl GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Dl GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Dl GO:0007219_6281_4 Notch signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process Dl GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Dl GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Dl GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component dlp GO:0005578_3650_4 proteinaceous extracellular matrix "A layer consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that forms a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. The proteins are secreted by cells in the vicinity. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component dlp GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component dlp GO:0043395_13174_3 heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, any proteoglycan containing heparan sulfate as the glycosaminoglycan carbohydrate unit." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function DMAP1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function DMAP1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component DMAP1 GO:0045892_6281_5 negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process DNAH1 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function DNAH1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function DNAH1 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function DNAH2 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function DNAH2 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function DNAH2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function DNAH2 GO:0006605_6281_5 protein targeting "The process of targeting specific proteins to particular membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process DNAH2 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process DNAH2 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process DNAH2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component DNAH2 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function DNAH2 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function DNAH2 GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component DNAH3 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function DNAH3 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function DNAH3 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function DNAH3 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process DNAH3 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function DNAH3 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function DNAH3 GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component DNAH5 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function DNAH5 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function DNAH5 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function DNAH5 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process DNAH5 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function DNAH5 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function DNAH5 GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component DNAH7 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function DNAH7 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function DNAH7 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function DNAH7 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process DNAH7 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function DNAH7 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function DNAH7 GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component DNApol-alpha50 GO:0003896_13174_4 DNA primase activity "Catalysis of the synthesis of a short RNA primer on a DNA template, providing a free 3'-OH that can be extended by DNA-directed DNA polymerases. Catalyzed by a DNA-directed RNA polymerase that forms a complex with alpha DNA polymerase." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function DNApol-alpha50 GO:0006269_6281_2 DNA replication, synthesis of RNA primer "The synthesis of a short RNA polymer, usually 4-15 nucleotides long, using one strand of unwound DNA as a template; the RNA then serves as a primer from which DNA polymerases extend synthesis." [PMID:11395402] IEA biological_process DNApol-alpha60 GO:0003896_13174_4 DNA primase activity "Catalysis of the synthesis of a short RNA primer on a DNA template, providing a free 3'-OH that can be extended by DNA-directed DNA polymerases. Catalyzed by a DNA-directed RNA polymerase that forms a complex with alpha DNA polymerase." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function DNApol-alpha60 GO:0006269_6281_2 DNA replication, synthesis of RNA primer "The synthesis of a short RNA polymer, usually 4-15 nucleotides long, using one strand of unwound DNA as a template; the RNA then serves as a primer from which DNA polymerases extend synthesis." [PMID:11395402] IEA biological_process DNApol-alpha73 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function DNApol-alpha73 GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function DNApol-alpha73 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process DNApol-delta GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function DNApol-delta GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function DNApol-delta GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function DNApol-delta GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function DNApol-delta GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process DNApol-delta GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process DNApol-epsilon GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function DNApol-epsilon GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function DNApol-epsilon GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function DNApol-epsilon GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function DNApol-epsilon GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component DNApol-epsilon GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process DNApol-epsilon GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process DNApol-epsilon GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function DNApol-eta GO:0003684_13174_11 damaged DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with damaged DNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function DNApol-eta GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function DNApol-eta GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process DNApol-iota GO:0003684_13174_11 damaged DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with damaged DNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function DNApol-iota GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function DNApol-iota GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process DNaseII GO:0004531_13174_1 deoxyribonuclease II activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA to 3'-phosphodinucleotide and 3'-phosphooligonucleotide end products." [EC:3.1.22.1] IEA molecular_function DNaseII GO:0006259_6281_7 DNA metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process dnc GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function dnc GO:0004114_13174_10 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside 5'-phosphate." [EC:3.1.4.17] IEA molecular_function dnc GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process dnc GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function dnk GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function dnk GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process dnk GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Dnmt1.1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Dnmt1.1 GO:0003886_13174_2 DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA containing cytosine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA containing 5-methylcytosine." [EC:2.1.1.37] IEA molecular_function Dnmt1.1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Dnmt1.1 GO:0006306_6281_11 DNA methylation "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine." [GOC:ems, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Dnmt1.1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Dnmt1.1 GO:0090116_6281_2 C-5 methylation of cytosine "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to C-5 of cytosine in a DNA molecule." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Dnmt1a GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Dnmt1a GO:0003886_13174_2 DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA containing cytosine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA containing 5-methylcytosine." [EC:2.1.1.37] IEA molecular_function Dnmt1a GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Dnmt1a GO:0006306_6281_11 DNA methylation "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine." [GOC:ems, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Dnmt1a GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Dnmt1a GO:0090116_6281_2 C-5 methylation of cytosine "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to C-5 of cytosine in a DNA molecule." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Dnmt2 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Dnmt2 GO:0006306_6281_11 DNA methylation "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine." [GOC:ems, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Dnmt3 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Dnmt3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dnmt3 GO:0006306_6281_11 DNA methylation "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine." [GOC:ems, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Dnmt3 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function dnr1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function dnr1 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component dnr1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Dnt GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Dnt GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Dnt GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Dnt GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Dnt GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Dnt GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function dock GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dop3 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process Dop3 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component DopEcR GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process DopEcR GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component dor GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function dor GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function dor GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process dor GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function dor GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process dos GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dpck GO:0004140_13174_1 dephospho-CoA kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-dephospho-CoA + ATP = ADP + CoA + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.24, RHEA:18248] IEA molecular_function Dpck GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Dpck GO:0015937_6281_4 coenzyme A biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process dp GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Dp GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function dp GO:0004867_13174_10 serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of serine-type endopeptidases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain; a serine residue (and a histidine residue) are at the active center of the enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function dp GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function dp GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function dp GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component dp GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component dp GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Dp GO:0005667_3650_10 transcription factor complex "A protein complex, distinct from RNA polymerase, that associates with DNA at promoters or at cis-acting regulatory sequences, by direct binding or by interaction with other DNA-binding polypeptides or complexes, and regulates transcription." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component dp GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Dp GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process dp GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function dp GO:0030414_13174_13 peptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function dp GO:0048544_6281_1 recognition of pollen "The process, involving the sharing and interaction of the single locus incompatibility haplotypes, involved in the recognition or rejection of the self pollen by cells in the stigma. This process ensures out-breeding in certain plant species." [GOC:dph, GOC:pj, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Dph5 GO:0004164_13174_1 diphthine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 2-(3-carboxy-3-aminopropyl)-L-histidine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2-(3-carboxy-3-(methylammonio)propyl)-L-histidine." [EC:2.1.1.98] IEA molecular_function Dph5 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Dph5 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Dph5 GO:0017183_6281_3 peptidyl-diphthamide biosynthetic process from peptidyl-histidine "The modification of peptidyl-histidine to 2'-(3-carboxamido-3-(trimethylammonio)propyl)-L-histidine, known as diphthamide, found in translation elongation factor eEF-2." [RESID:AA0040] IEA biological_process D-PIAS GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Dpit47 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function dpp GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function dpp GO:0040007_6281_3 growth "The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell." [GOC:bf, GOC:ma] IEA biological_process dre4 GO:0009987_6281_8 cellular process "Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] IEA biological_process Drep-1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Drep-1 GO:0006915_6281_8 apoptotic process "A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathways) which typically lead to rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. The process ends when the cell has died. The process is divided into a signaling pathway phase and into an execution phase, which is triggered by the former." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:18846107, PMID:21494263] IEA biological_process Drep-2 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Drep-2 GO:0006915_6281_8 apoptotic process "A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathways) which typically lead to rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. The process ends when the cell has died. The process is divided into a signaling pathway phase and into an execution phase, which is triggered by the former." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:18846107, PMID:21494263] IEA biological_process drk GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Drl2 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Drl2 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Drl2 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Drl2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Drl2 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Drl2 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Droj2 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process Droj2 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Droj2 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function drongo GO:0008060_13174_9 ARF GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function drongo GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function drongo GO:0032312_6281_9 regulation of ARF GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process drosha GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function drosha GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function drosha GO:0004525_13174_5 ribonuclease III activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA with 5'-phosphomonoesters and 3'-OH termini; makes two staggered cuts in both strands of dsRNA, leaving a 3' overhang of 2 nt." [PMID:11157775, PMID:15242644] IEA molecular_function drosha GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component drosha GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Drp1 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Drp1 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function drpr GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function drpr GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dscam GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dscam GO:0006520_6281_15 cellular amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33709, GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process dsd GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function dsd GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function dsd GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Dsf GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Dsf GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function Dsf GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Dsf GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Dsf GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Dsf GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process Dsf GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function dsh GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function dsh GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function dsh GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component dsh GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process dsh GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Dsor1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Dsor1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Dsor1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Dsor1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Dsor1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Dsor1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Dsp1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Dsp1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dsx GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Dsx GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Dsx GO:0007548_6281_5 sex differentiation "The establishment of the sex of an organism by physical differentiation." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Dsx GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Duox GO:0004601_13174_12 peroxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7] IEA molecular_function Duox GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Duox GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Duox GO:0006979_6281_14 response to oxidative stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] IEA biological_process Duox GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Duox GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Duox GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Duox GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Duox GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Duox GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process dx GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function dx GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Dyb GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dyb GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function dys GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function dys GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Dys GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function dys GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Dys GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function E2f2 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function E2f2 GO:0005667_3650_10 transcription factor complex "A protein complex, distinct from RNA polymerase, that associates with DNA at promoters or at cis-acting regulatory sequences, by direct binding or by interaction with other DNA-binding polypeptides or complexes, and regulates transcription." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component E2f2 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process E74 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function E74 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process E74 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function E75 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function E75 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function E75 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component E75 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process E75 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function E75 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process E75 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Eaat-2 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Eaat-2 GO:0006835_6281_8 dicarboxylic acid transport "The directed movement of dicarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process Eaat-2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Eaat-2 GO:0017153_13174_8 sodium:dicarboxylate symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dicarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = dicarboxylate(in) + Na+(in)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Eaat-2 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Eaat-3 GO:0006835_6281_8 dicarboxylic acid transport "The directed movement of dicarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process Eaat-3 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Eaat-3 GO:0017153_13174_8 sodium:dicarboxylate symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dicarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = dicarboxylate(in) + Na+(in)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Eaat-4 GO:0006835_6281_8 dicarboxylic acid transport "The directed movement of dicarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process Eaat-4 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Eaat-4 GO:0017153_13174_8 sodium:dicarboxylate symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dicarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = dicarboxylate(in) + Na+(in)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Eaat-5 GO:0006835_6281_8 dicarboxylic acid transport "The directed movement of dicarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process Eaat-5 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Eaat-5 GO:0017153_13174_8 sodium:dicarboxylate symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dicarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = dicarboxylate(in) + Na+(in)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function eag GO:0000155_13174_3 two-component sensor activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of a histidine residue in response to detection of an extracellular signal such as a chemical ligand or change in environment, to initiate a change in cell state or activity. The two-component sensor is a histidine kinase that autophosphorylates a histidine residue in its active site. The phosphate is then transferred to an aspartate residue in a downstream response regulator, to trigger a response." [GOC:bf, GOC:mcc, PMID:10966457, PMID:20223701, PMID:9191038] IEA molecular_function eag GO:0000160_6281_6 two-component signal transduction system (phosphorelay) "A conserved series of molecular signals found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; involves autophosphorylation of a histidine kinase and the transfer of the phosphate group to an aspartate that then acts as a phospho-donor to response regulator proteins." [PMID:9191038] IEA biological_process eag GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function eag GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function eag GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process eag GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process eag GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process eag GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component eag GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process ebi GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ebony GO:0000036_13174_6 ACP phosphopantetheine attachment site binding involved in fatty acid biosynthetic process "Interacting selectively with the attachment site of the phosphopantetheine prosthetic group of an acyl carrier protein (ACP) as part of the process of fatty acid biosynthesis." [CHEBI:22221, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ebony GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ebony GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process ec GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function ec GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component ec GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process ec GO:0031424_6281_13 keratinization "The process in which the cytoplasm of the outermost cells of the vertebrate epidermis is replaced by keratin. Keratinization occurs in the stratum corneum, feathers, hair, claws, nails, hooves, and horns." [GOC:dph, GOC:ebc, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Echs1 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Echs1 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Ecr GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Ecr GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function Ecr GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Ecr GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Ecr GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ecr GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process Ecr GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Ect4 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ect4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ect4 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Ect4 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Ect4 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Edem1 GO:0004571_13174_5 mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the terminal (1->2)-linked alpha-D-mannose residues in the oligo-mannose oligosaccharide Man(9)(GlcNAc)(2)." [EC:3.2.1.113] IEA molecular_function Edem1 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Edem1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Edem2 GO:0004571_13174_5 mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the terminal (1->2)-linked alpha-D-mannose residues in the oligo-mannose oligosaccharide Man(9)(GlcNAc)(2)." [EC:3.2.1.113] IEA molecular_function Edem2 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Edem2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component EDTP GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function EDTP GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process EDTP GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function eEF1delta GO:0003746_13174_11 translation elongation factor activity "Functions in chain elongation during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function eEF1delta GO:0005853_3650_3 eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 complex "A multisubunit nucleotide exchange complex that binds GTP and aminoacyl-tRNAs, and catalyzes their codon-dependent placement at the A-site of the ribosome. In humans, the complex is composed of four subunits, alpha, beta, delta and gamma." [GOC:jl, PMID:10216950] IEA cellular_component eEF1delta GO:0006414_6281_12 translational elongation "The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis." [GOC:ems] IEA biological_process Ef-1a-f1 GO:0003746_13174_11 translation elongation factor activity "Functions in chain elongation during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ef-1a-f1 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Ef-1a-f1 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ef-1a-f1 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Ef-1a-f1 GO:0006414_6281_12 translational elongation "The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis." [GOC:ems] IEA biological_process EF1a-F2 GO:0003746_13174_11 translation elongation factor activity "Functions in chain elongation during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function EF1a-F2 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function EF1a-F2 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function EF1a-F2 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component EF1a-F2 GO:0006414_6281_12 translational elongation "The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis." [GOC:ems] IEA biological_process Ef1beta GO:0003746_13174_11 translation elongation factor activity "Functions in chain elongation during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ef1beta GO:0005853_3650_3 eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 complex "A multisubunit nucleotide exchange complex that binds GTP and aminoacyl-tRNAs, and catalyzes their codon-dependent placement at the A-site of the ribosome. In humans, the complex is composed of four subunits, alpha, beta, delta and gamma." [GOC:jl, PMID:10216950] IEA cellular_component Ef1beta GO:0006414_6281_12 translational elongation "The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis." [GOC:ems] IEA biological_process egg GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function egg GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function egg GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component egg GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function egg GO:0018024_13174_10 histone-lysine N-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives." [EC:2.1.1.43, RESID:AA0074, RESID:AA0075, RESID:AA0076] IEA molecular_function egg GO:0034968_6281_4 histone lysine methylation "The modification of a histone by addition of a methyl group to a lysine residue." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Eg GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Eg GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Eg GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Eg GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Eg GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function egl GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function egl GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component egl GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process egl GO:0008408_13174_6 3'-5' exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' end." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Egm GO:0003995_13174_10 acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor." [EC:1.3.99.3] IEA molecular_function Egm GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Egm GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Egm GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Eh GO:0004601_13174_12 peroxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7] IEA molecular_function Eh GO:0006979_6281_14 response to oxidative stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] IEA biological_process Eh GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Eh GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process eIF-1A GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function eIF-1A GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function eIF-1A GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process EIF2AK4 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function EIF2AK4 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function EIF2AK4 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function EIF2AK4 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function EIF2AK4 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process EIF2AK4 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function eIF2B-alpha GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process eIF2B-beta GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process eIF-2beta GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function eIF-2beta GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process eIF2B-gamma GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process eIF2B-gamma GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function eIF-3p66 GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function eIF-3p66 GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process eIF3-S10 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function eIF3-S8 GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function eIF3-S8 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function eIF3-S8 GO:0005852_3650_1 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex "A complex of several polypeptides that plays at least two important roles in protein synthesis: First, eIF3 binds to the 40S ribosome and facilitates loading of the Met-tRNA/eIF2.GTP ternary complex to form the 43S preinitiation complex. Subsequently, eIF3 apparently assists eIF4 in recruiting mRNAs to the 43S complex. The eIF3 complex contains five conserved core subunits, and may contain several additional proteins; the non-core subunits are thought to mediate association of the complex with specific sets of mRNAs." [PMID:15904532] IEA cellular_component eIF3-S8 GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process eIF3-S8 GO:0015986_6281_12 ATP synthesis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process eIF3-S8 GO:0046933_13174_9 hydrogen ion transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + phosphate = ATP + H2O, coupled with transport of H+ down a concentration gradient, by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14, TC:3.A.2.1.1] IEA molecular_function eIF3-S9 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function eIF3-S9 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function eIF3-S9 GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function eIF3-S9 GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process eIF-4E GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function eIF-4E GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function eIF-4E GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component eIF-4E GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process Eif4g GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Eif4g GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Eif4g GO:0016070_6281_11 RNA metabolic process "The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process eIF5B GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function eIF5B GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function eIF5 GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function eIF5 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function eIF5 GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process eIF6 GO:0042256_6281_1 mature ribosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the large and small ribosomal subunits into a functional ribosome." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process eIF6 GO:0043022_13174_2 ribosome binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of a ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Elf GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Elf GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function elgi GO:0000151_3650_13 ubiquitin ligase complex "A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex." [PMID:9529603] IEA cellular_component elgi GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function elgi GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function elgi GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function elgi GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process elgi GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function elgi GO:0031386_13174_1 protein tag "Acting as an indicator or marker to facilitate recognition by other molecules in the cell. Recognition of the tag, which can be covalently attached to the target molecule, may result in modification, sequestration, transport or degradation of the molecule in question." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function elk GO:0000155_13174_3 two-component sensor activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of a histidine residue in response to detection of an extracellular signal such as a chemical ligand or change in environment, to initiate a change in cell state or activity. The two-component sensor is a histidine kinase that autophosphorylates a histidine residue in its active site. The phosphate is then transferred to an aspartate residue in a downstream response regulator, to trigger a response." [GOC:bf, GOC:mcc, PMID:10966457, PMID:20223701, PMID:9191038] IEA molecular_function elk GO:0000160_6281_6 two-component signal transduction system (phosphorelay) "A conserved series of molecular signals found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; involves autophosphorylation of a histidine kinase and the transfer of the phosphate group to an aspartate that then acts as a phospho-donor to response regulator proteins." [PMID:9191038] IEA biological_process elk GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function elk GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function elk GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function elk GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process elk GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process elk GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process elk GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component elk GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process elm GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function EloA GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function EloA GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component EloA GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process EloA GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process EloA GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Elongin-B GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Elongin-C GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process emb GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function emb GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process emb GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ems GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function ems GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ems GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component ems GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process ems GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function enc GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function endoA GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function endoA GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component endoB GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function endoB GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component En GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function En GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function En GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component En GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process En GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Ensembl Gene ID GO Term Accession_1_1 GO Term Name GO Term Definition GO Term Evidence Code GO domain Ent1 GO:0005337_13174_3 nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleotide) from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ent1 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ent1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Ent2 GO:0005337_13174_3 nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleotide) from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ent2 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ent2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Ent3 GO:0005337_13174_3 nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleotide) from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ent3 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ent3 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component EphR GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function EphR GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function EphR GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function EphR GO:0005003_13174_1 ephrin receptor activity "Combining with an ephrin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:mah, PMID:9530499] IEA molecular_function EphR GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function EphR GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function EphR GO:0005887_3650_1 integral to plasma membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a plasma membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component EphR GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process EphR GO:0007169_6281_9 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:ceb, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process EphR GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component EphR GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Eps-15 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Eps-15 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ercc1 GO:0003684_13174_11 damaged DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with damaged DNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Ercc1 GO:0004519_13174_5 endonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by creating internal breaks." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Ercc1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Ercc1 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process e(r) GO:0007049_6281_8 cell cycle "The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process erk7 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function erk7 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function erk7 GO:0004707_13174_6 MAP kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein + ATP = protein phosphate + ADP. This reaction is the phosphorylation of proteins. Mitogen-activated protein kinase; a family of protein kinases that perform a crucial step in relaying signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. They are activated by a wide range of proliferation- or differentiation-inducing signals; activation is strong with agonists such as polypeptide growth factors and tumor-promoting phorbol esters, but weak (in most cell backgrounds) by stress stimuli." [GOC:ma, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function erk7 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function erk7 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function erk7 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process erk7 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ero1L GO:0005789_3650_10 endoplasmic reticulum membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Ero1L GO:0006467_6281_1 protein thiol-disulfide exchange "Oxidation of two organic sulfhydryl groups (thiols) by a disulfide compound to form a disulfide bond, according to the reaction RS-SR + R'SH = R'S-SR + RSH." [GOC:jsg, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ero1L GO:0016671_13174_2 oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, disulfide as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces disulfide." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Ero1L GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ero1L GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process ERp60 GO:0005783_3650_14 endoplasmic reticulum "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component ERp60 GO:0016853_13174_10 isomerase activity "Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ERp60 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Err GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Err GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function Err GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Err GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Err GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Err GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process Err GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Esyt2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Etfdh GO:0004174_13174_1 electron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: reduced ETF + ubiquinone = ETF + ubiquinol." [EC:1.5.5.1] IEA molecular_function Etfdh GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Etfdh GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Ethr GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process Ethr GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Ets97D-like GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Ets97D-like GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ets97D-like GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Ets97D-like GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Ets97D-like GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function eve GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function eve GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function eve GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component eve GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process eve GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function exba GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function exd GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function exd GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function exd GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component exd GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process exd GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Exn GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Exn GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Exn GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Exn GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process exo84 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Exp6 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Exp6 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Exp6 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ext2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Ext2 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Ext2 GO:0031227_3650_9 intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane "Located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component eya GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function eya GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process eya GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Eyg GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Eyg GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Eyg GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Eyg GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Eyg GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Eyg GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function E(z) GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function E(z) GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Faa GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Faa GO:0004334_13174_1 fumarylacetoacetase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4-fumarylacetoacetate + H(2)O = acetoacetate + fumarate + H(+)." [EC:3.7.1.2, RHEA:10247] IEA molecular_function Faa GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Faa GO:0009072_6281_7 aromatic amino acid family metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process fab1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function fab1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component fab1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function fab1 GO:0016307_13174_3 phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a phosphatidylinositol phosphate = ADP + a phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate." [EC:2.7.1.-, PMID:9759495] IEA molecular_function fab1 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process fab1 GO:0044267_6281_10 cellular protein metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process fab1 GO:0046488_6281_3 phosphatidylinositol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid in which a sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol." [CHEBI:28874, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process fab1 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Fabp GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function Fabp GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Fabp GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Fabp GO:0008289_13174_3 lipid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a lipid." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function faf GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function faf GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Faf GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function faf GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process FAR1 GO:0003854_13174_12 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-beta-hydroxy-delta(5)-steroid + NAD+ = a 3-oxo-delta(5)-steroid + NADH + H(+)." [EC:1.1.1.145] IEA molecular_function FAR1 GO:0006694_6281_12 steroid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process FAR1 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function FAR1 GO:0016620_13174_11 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function FAR1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process FATP GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function FATP GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process fat-spondin GO:0004867_13174_10 serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of serine-type endopeptidases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain; a serine residue (and a histidine residue) are at the active center of the enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function fbl GO:0004594_13174_3 pantothenate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pantothenate = ADP + D-4'-phosphopantothenate." [EC:2.7.1.33] IEA molecular_function fbl GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function fbl GO:0015937_6281_4 coenzyme A biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process FBN2 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function FBN2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function fbp GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process fbp GO:0042578_13174_5 phosphoric ester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RPO-R' + H2O = RPOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any phosphoric ester bond, any ester formed from orthophosphoric acid, O=P(OH)3." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Fbxl4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Fdh GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Fdh GO:0006069_6281_1 ethanol oxidation "An ethanol metabolic process in which ethanol is converted to acetyl-CoA via acetaldehyde and acetate." [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY66-161, MetaCyc:PWY66-162, MetaCyc:PWY66-21] IEA biological_process Fdh GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Fdh GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Fdh GO:0051903_13174_1 S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione + NAD(P)+ = S-formylglutathione + NAD(P)H + H+." [EC:1.1.1.284] IEA molecular_function Fdh GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Fdxh GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Fdxh GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Fdxh GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function Fem-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Fer1HCH GO:0006879_6281_6 cellular iron ion homeostasis "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of iron ions at the level of a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Fer1HCH GO:0008199_13174_6 ferric iron binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ferric iron, Fe(III)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Fer1HCH GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Fer1HCH GO:0046914_13174_11 transition metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transition metal ions; a transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Fer1HCH GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Fer2LCH GO:0006879_6281_6 cellular iron ion homeostasis "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of iron ions at the level of a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Fer2LCH GO:0008199_13174_6 ferric iron binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ferric iron, Fe(III)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Fer2LCH GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Fer2LCH GO:0046914_13174_11 transition metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transition metal ions; a transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Fer2LCH GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Fer3HCH GO:0006879_6281_6 cellular iron ion homeostasis "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of iron ions at the level of a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Fer3HCH GO:0008199_13174_6 ferric iron binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ferric iron, Fe(III)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Fer3HCH GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Fer3HCH GO:0046914_13174_11 transition metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transition metal ions; a transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Fer3HCH GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process ferrochelatase GO:0004325_13174_1 ferrochelatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protoheme = Fe(2+) + protoporphyrin IX." [EC:4.99.1.1, RHEA:22587] IEA molecular_function ferrochelatase GO:0006783_6281_1 heme biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring, from less complex precursors." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Fib GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Fib GO:0006364_6281_13 rRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process Fib GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process Fib GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Fibp GO:0017134_13174_1 fibroblast growth factor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor." [PMID:9806903] IEA molecular_function Fibroin1 GO:0031177_13174_11 phosphopantetheine binding "Interacting selectively with phosphopantetheine, the vitamin pantetheine 4'-(dihydrogen phosphate)." [CHEBI:16858, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function FIG4 GO:0042578_13174_5 phosphoric ester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RPO-R' + H2O = RPOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any phosphoric ester bond, any ester formed from orthophosphoric acid, O=P(OH)3." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Fim GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function Fim GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Fim GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function FK506-bp1 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process FK506-bp2 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process FKBP59 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function FKBP59 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process flfl GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function flfl GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function fliI GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function fliI GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function flr GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Fmr1 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function fng GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component fng GO:0016757_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function For GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function For GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function For GO:0004692_13174_1 cGMP-dependent protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires the presence of cGMP." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function For GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function For GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function For GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process For GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function form3 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function form3 GO:0016043_6281_8 cellular component organization "A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component." [GOC:ai, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process form3 GO:0030036_6281_8 actin cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process foxo GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function foxo GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process foxo GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function fra GO:0004866_13174_7 endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an endopeptidase, any enzyme that hydrolyzes nonterminal peptide bonds in polypeptides." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function fra GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function fra GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component FR GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process FR GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component frtz GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function frtz GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function Fru GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Fru GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Fru GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Fru GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Fsn GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Fstl5 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Fstl5 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ft GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ft GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ft GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component ft GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process ft GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process ft GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component ftz-f1 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function ftz-f1 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function ftz-f1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component ftz-f1 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process ftz-f1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ftz-f1 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process ftz-f1 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Fuca GO:0004560_13174_1 alpha-L-fucosidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an alpha-L-fucoside + H2O = an alcohol + L-fucose." [EC:3.2.1.51] IEA molecular_function Fuca GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Fuca GO:0006004_6281_1 fucose metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving fucose, or 6-deoxygalactose, which has two enantiomers, D-fucose and L-fucose." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process FucT6 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Fucta GO:0004435_13174_8 phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H(2)O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + H(+)." [EC:3.1.4.11, RHEA:23915] IEA molecular_function Fucta GO:0004629_13174_12 phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phospholipid + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + a phosphatidate." [EC:3.1.4.3, EC:3.1.4.4, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Fucta GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Fucta GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Fucta GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Fucta GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Fucta GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Fucta GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Fucta GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function Fucta GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Fuctb GO:0006486_6281_13 protein glycosylation "A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins." [GOC:curators, GOC:pr] IEA biological_process Fuctb GO:0008417_13174_4 fucosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a fucosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Fuctb GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Fuctc GO:0006486_6281_13 protein glycosylation "A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins." [GOC:curators, GOC:pr] IEA biological_process Fuctc GO:0008417_13174_4 fucosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a fucosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Fuctc GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component fu GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function fu GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function fu GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function fu GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function fu GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function fu GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process fu GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Fur1 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function Fur1 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process fus GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function fz2 GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function fz2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function fz2 GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process fz2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component fz GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function fz GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function fz GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process fz GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component fzy GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GABA-B-R1 GO:0004129_13174_11 cytochrome-c oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O." [EC:1.9.3.1] IEA molecular_function GABA-B-R1 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function GABA-B-R1 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GABA-B-R1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GABA-B-R1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GABA-B-R2 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function GABA-B-R2 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GABA-B-R2 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GABA-B-R3 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GABA-B-R3 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function GABA-B-R3 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GABA-B-R3 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GABA-B-R3 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GABA-B-R3 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GABA-B-R3 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GABP-2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GABPI GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Gad1 GO:0016831_13174_13 carboxy-lyase activity "Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound." [http://www.mercksource.com/] IEA molecular_function Gad1 GO:0019752_6281_11 carboxylic acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Gad1 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function galectin2 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component gammaCop GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function gammaCop GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function gammaCop GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function gammaCop GO:0005798_3650_1 Golgi-associated vesicle "Any vesicle associated with the Golgi complex and involved in mediating transport within the Golgi or between the Golgi and other parts of the cell." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component gammaCop GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process gammaCop GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process gammaCop GO:0030117_3650_12 membrane coat "Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Gapdh GO:0006006_6281_2 glucose metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. D-glucose is dextrorotatory and is sometimes known as dextrose; it is an important source of energy for living organisms and is found free as well as combined in homo- and hetero-oligosaccharides and polysaccharides." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Gapdh GO:0016620_13174_11 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Gapdh GO:0050661_13174_10 NADP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NADP+, or the reduced form, NADPH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Gapdh GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Gapdh GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GARNL3 GO:0005083_13174_8 small GTPase regulator activity "Modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a small monomeric GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GARNL3 GO:0005096_13174_14 GTPase activator activity "Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GARNL3 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GARNL3 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process garz GO:0005086_13174_7 ARF guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with the GTPase ARF. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function garz GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function garz GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component garz GO:0032012_6281_7 regulation of ARF protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ARF protein signal transduction." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Gas41 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Gas41 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Gat-1B GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function Gat-1B GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Gat-1B GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Gat-a GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function Gat-a GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Gat-a GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component gatA GO:0016884_13174_4 carbon-nitrogen ligase activity, with glutamine as amido-N-donor "Catalysis of the transfer of the amide nitrogen of glutamine to a variety of substrates. GATases catalyze two separate reactions at two active sites, which are located either on a single polypeptide chain or on different subunits. In the glutaminase reaction, glutamine is hydrolyzed to glutamate and ammonia, which is added to an acceptor substrate in the synthase reaction." [PMID:12360532] IEA molecular_function GB10011 GO:0001522_6281_10 pseudouridine synthesis "The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine within an RNA molecule. This posttranscriptional base modification occurs in tRNA, rRNA, and snRNAs." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB10011 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB10011 GO:0009451_6281_12 RNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an RNA molecule to produce an RNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:1555811337] IEA biological_process GB10011 GO:0009982_13174_10 pseudouridine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RNA uridine = RNA pseudouridine. Conversion of uridine in an RNA molecule to pseudouridine by rotation of the C1'-N-1 glycosidic bond of uridine in RNA to a C1'-C5." [EC:5.4.99.12, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB10020 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function GB10020 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process GB10038 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB10047 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB10064 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB10064 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB10064 GO:0008324_13174_13 cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of cation from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:dgf, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB10085 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB10085 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB10085 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB10095 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function GB10095 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB10095 GO:0008138_13174_15 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB10095 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB10095 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function GB10103 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process GB10125 GO:0010181_13174_8 FMN binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FMN, flavin mononucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes." [GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB10125 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10125 GO:0042602_13174_1 riboflavin reductase (NADPH) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+." [EC:1.5.1.30] IEA molecular_function GB10125 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB10131 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function GB10131 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB10131 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function GB10159 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB10159 GO:0006865_6281_3 amino acid transport "The directed movement of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB10159 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB10159 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB10159 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB10167 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB10167 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB10197 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB10197 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10291 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB10291 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10313 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB10313 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB10313 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB10313 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB10313 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB10324 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB10328 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10335 GO:0008360_6281_1 regulation of cell shape "Any process that modulates the surface configuration of a cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process GB10344 GO:0005740_3650_5 mitochondrial envelope "The double lipid bilayer enclosing the mitochondrion and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space." [GOC:ai, GOC:pz] IEA cellular_component GB10344 GO:0006122_6281_5 mitochondrial electron transport, ubiquinol to cytochrome c "The transfer of electrons from ubiquinol to cytochrome c that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex III." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process GB10344 GO:0008121_13174_9 ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: CoQH2 + 2 ferricytochrome c = CoQ + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H+." [EC:1.10.2.2, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB10366 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10366 GO:0031177_13174_11 phosphopantetheine binding "Interacting selectively with phosphopantetheine, the vitamin pantetheine 4'-(dihydrogen phosphate)." [CHEBI:16858, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB10375 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function GB10375 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10375 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB10375 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB10375 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB10375 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB10401 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB10401 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB10404 GO:0038032_6281_14 termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The signaling process in which G-protein coupled receptor signaling is brought to an end. For example, through the action of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that act to accelerate hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on G-alpha proteins, thereby terminating the transduced signal." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process GB10412 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10415 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB10415 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB10415 GO:0031167_6281_2 rRNA methylation "The posttranscriptional addition of methyl groups to specific residues in an rRNA molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB10415 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB10427 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB10427 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB10434 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10479 GO:0000156_13174_3 two-component response regulator activity "Responds to a two-component sensor to initiate a change in cell state or activity. The activity of the response regulator is regulated by transfer of a phosphate from a histidine residue in the sensor, to an aspartate residue in the response regulator. Many but not all response regulators act as transcriptional regulators to elicit a response." [GOC:bf, PMID:10966457, PMID:11842140] IEA molecular_function GB10479 GO:0000160_6281_6 two-component signal transduction system (phosphorelay) "A conserved series of molecular signals found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; involves autophosphorylation of a histidine kinase and the transfer of the phosphate group to an aspartate that then acts as a phospho-donor to response regulator proteins." [PMID:9191038] IEA biological_process GB10479 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB10479 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB10479 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB10479 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB10486 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB10486 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB10486 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB10486 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process GB10486 GO:0008408_13174_6 3'-5' exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' end." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB10486 GO:0033890_13174_1 ribonuclease D activity "Catalysis of the exonucleolytic cleavage that removes extra residues from the 3'-terminus of tRNA to produce 5'-mononucleotides." [EC:3.1.13.5] IEA molecular_function GB10489 GO:0005391_13174_5 sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) + K+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) + K+(in)." [EC:3.6.3.9] IEA molecular_function GB10489 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB10489 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB10489 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB10489 GO:0046034_6281_10 ATP metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB10495 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB10495 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB10497 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB10497 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10518 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10536 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB10548 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB10556 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10556 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB10578 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function GB10578 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10578 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process GB10582 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB10582 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB10582 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB10592 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10601 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB10605 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10605 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB10605 GO:0018024_13174_10 histone-lysine N-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives." [EC:2.1.1.43, RESID:AA0074, RESID:AA0075, RESID:AA0076] IEA molecular_function GB10627 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB10627 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB10627 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB10630 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB10630 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB10630 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB10638 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB10638 GO:0030288_3650_9 outer membrane-bounded periplasmic space "The region between the inner (cytoplasmic or plasma) membrane and outer membrane of organisms with two membranes such as Gram negative bacteria. These periplasmic spaces are relatively thick and contain a thin cell wall." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] IEA cellular_component GB10639 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB10639 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB10656 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB10656 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB10656 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB10656 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB10656 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB10678 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB10678 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB10678 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB10682 GO:0009166_6281_4 nucleotide catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleotides, any nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety; may be mono-, di- or triphosphate; this definition includes cyclic-nucleotides (nucleoside cyclic phosphates)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB10682 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB10688 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB10688 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB10688 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB10688 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB10697 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB10697 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB10703 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB10703 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB10710 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB10710 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB10710 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB10710 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component GB10727 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10756 GO:0008299_6281_12 isoprenoid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB10788 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB10788 GO:0003964_13174_3 RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1). Catalyzes RNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of a DNA strand by one deoxynucleotide at a time." [EC:2.7.7.49] IEA molecular_function GB10788 GO:0006278_6281_3 RNA-dependent DNA replication "A DNA replication process that uses RNA as a template for RNA-dependent DNA polymerases (e.g. reverse transcriptase) that synthesize the new strands." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB10802 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10814 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB10814 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB10814 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB10814 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB10816 GO:0004129_13174_11 cytochrome-c oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O." [EC:1.9.3.1] IEA molecular_function GB10816 GO:0005743_3650_6 mitochondrial inner membrane "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae." [GOC:ai] IEA cellular_component GB10816 GO:0005751_3650_2 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV "A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Contains the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2)." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB10837 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB10837 GO:0004520_13174_1 endodeoxyribonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid by creating internal breaks." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB10837 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process GB10837 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB10837 GO:0008821_13174_1 crossover junction endodeoxyribonuclease activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage at a junction such as a reciprocal single-stranded crossover between two homologous DNA duplexes (Holliday junction)." [EC:3.1.22.4] IEA molecular_function GB10847 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB10847 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB10847 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB10847 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function GB10847 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10847 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB10847 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB10847 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB10847 GO:0007010_6281_12 cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB10847 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB10847 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB10867 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10867 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB10868 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB10868 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function GB10879 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB10879 GO:0030695_13174_3 GTPase regulator activity "Modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB10885 GO:0005179_13174_9 hormone activity "The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB10885 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB10890 GO:0015204_13174_1 urea transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of urea cross a membrane into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Urea is the water soluble compound H2N-CO-NH2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB10890 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB10890 GO:0071918_6281_1 urea transmembrane transport "The process in which urea, the water-soluble compound H2N-CO-NH2, is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB10895 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10901 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10922 GO:0004357_13174_1 glutamate-cysteine ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-cysteine + L-glutamate + ATP = L-gamma-glutamyl-L-cysteine + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.2, RHEA:13288] IEA molecular_function GB10922 GO:0006750_6281_3 glutathione biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins." [CHEBI:16856, GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB10930 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB10930 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB10930 GO:0015074_6281_4 DNA integration "The process in which a segment of DNA is incorporated into another, usually larger, DNA molecule such as a chromosome." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB10942 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10963 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10975 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB10975 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB10975 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB10981 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB10990 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB10990 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB10990 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB10990 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB10994 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11015 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB11015 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function GB11018 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB11018 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB11018 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11018 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11018 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB11018 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB11018 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB11018 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB11018 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB11018 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB11018 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB11018 GO:0008134_13174_12 transcription factor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11018 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB11018 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB11018 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB11044 GO:0006904_6281_12 vesicle docking involved in exocytosis "The initial attachment of a vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane, that contributes to exocytosis." [GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB11044 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process GB11081 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB11081 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11090 GO:0000151_3650_13 ubiquitin ligase complex "A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex." [PMID:9529603] IEA cellular_component GB11090 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function GB11090 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11090 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11090 GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB11141 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB11141 GO:0005664_3650_1 nuclear origin of replication recognition complex "A multisubunit complex that is located at the replication origins of a chromosome in the nucleus." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component GB11141 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB11164 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB11164 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB11164 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB11164 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB11168 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11168 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component GB11168 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11170 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11173 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB11173 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB11173 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11178 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB11178 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB11178 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB11178 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB11179 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB11179 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB11179 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB11179 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB11193 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB11193 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB11193 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB11193 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB11196 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11207 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB11207 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB11207 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB11207 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11207 GO:0015074_6281_4 DNA integration "The process in which a segment of DNA is incorporated into another, usually larger, DNA molecule such as a chromosome." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB11218 GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11218 GO:0015986_6281_12 ATP synthesis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process GB11218 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process GB11218 GO:0033177_3650_11 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, proton-transporting domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and carries out proton transport across a membrane. The proton-transporting domain (F0, V0, or A0) includes integral and peripheral membrane proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component GB11218 GO:0045263_3650_1 proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) "All non-F1 subunits of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral membrane proteins." [PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component GB11237 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB11237 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11243 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB11243 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process GB11243 GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB11245 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function GB11255 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11255 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11265 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11280 GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11280 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB11280 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11287 GO:0005044_13174_8 scavenger receptor activity "Combining with any modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or other polyanionic ligand and delivering the ligand into the cell via endocytosis. Ligands include acetylated and oxidized LDL, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, apoptotic cells, beta-amyloid fibrils, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs)." [GOC:bf, PMID:11790542, PMID:12379907, PMID:12621157, PMID:20981357] IEA molecular_function GB11287 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB11293 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB11293 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11295 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB11295 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB11295 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11307 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB11307 GO:0003918_13174_3 DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity "Catalysis of a DNA topological transformation by transiently cleaving a pair of complementary DNA strands to form a gate through which a second double-stranded DNA segment is passed, after which the severed strands in the first DNA segment are rejoined; product release is coupled to ATP binding and hydrolysis; changes the linking number in multiples of 2." [PMID:8811192] IEA molecular_function GB11307 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11307 GO:0005694_3650_11 chromosome "A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB11307 GO:0006265_6281_6 DNA topological change "The process in which a transformation is induced in the topological structure of a double-stranded DNA helix, resulting in a change in linking number." [ISBN:071673706X, ISBN:0935702490] IEA biological_process GB11314 GO:0005272_13174_9 sodium channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a sodium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB11314 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB11314 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB11314 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11330 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB11330 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB11330 GO:0044212_13174_1 transcription regulatory region DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a DNA region that regulates the transcription of a region of DNA, which may be a gene, cistron, or operon. Binding may occur as a sequence specific interaction or as an interaction observed only once a factor has been recruited to the DNA by other factors." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH, SO:0005836] IEA molecular_function GB11384 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11384 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB11384 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB11384 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB11384 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB11389 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB11416 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function GB11416 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB11416 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB11416 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB11419 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB11419 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB11419 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB11419 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11419 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB11419 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11424 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB11424 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function GB11424 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB11424 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB11424 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process GB11428 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB11428 GO:0008138_13174_15 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB11442 GO:0005351_13174_8 sugar:hydrogen symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sugar(out) + H+(out) = sugar(in) + H+(in)." [TC:2.A.1.1.-] IEA molecular_function GB11442 GO:0009401_6281_6 phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system "The uptake and phosphorylation of specific carbohydrates from the extracellular environment; uptake and phosphorylation are coupled, making the PTS a link between the uptake and metabolism of sugars; phosphoenolpyruvate is the original phosphate donor; phosphoenolpyruvate passes the phosphate via a signal transduction pathway, to enzyme 1 (E1), which in turn passes it on to the histidine protein, HPr; the next step in the system involves sugar-specific membrane-bound complex, enzyme 2 (EII), which transports the sugar into the cell; it includes the sugar permease, which catalyzes the transport reactions; EII is usually divided into three different domains, EIIA, EIIB, and EIIC." [http://www.ucs.mun.ca/~n55lrb/general_pts.html] IEA biological_process GB11442 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB11442 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB11474 GO:0003810_13174_3 protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein glutamine + alkylamine = protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3. This reaction is the formation of the N6-(L-isoglutamyl)-L-lysine isopeptide, resulting in cross-linking polypeptide chains; the gamma-carboxamide groups of peptidyl-glutamine residues act as acyl donors, and the 6-amino-groups of peptidyl-lysine residues act as acceptors, to give intra- and intermolecular N6-(5-glutamyl)lysine cross-links." [EC:2.3.2.13, RESID:AA0124] IEA molecular_function GB11474 GO:0018149_6281_3 peptide cross-linking "The formation of a covalent cross-link between or within protein chains." [GOC:jsg] IEA biological_process GB11481 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11491 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB11491 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11491 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB11491 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB11491 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB11493 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB11493 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB11493 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11501 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11523 GO:0001104_13174_10 RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function GB11523 GO:0006357_6281_13 regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB11523 GO:0016592_3650_10 mediator complex "A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins." [PMID:11454195, PMID:16168358, PMID:17870225] IEA cellular_component GB11524 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB11524 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11524 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB11524 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB11524 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB11539 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11539 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB11539 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process GB11559 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function GB11559 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11575 GO:0000150_13174_4 recombinase activity "Catalysis of the identification and base-pairing of homologous sequences between single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA." [GOC:elh] IEA molecular_function GB11575 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB11575 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11575 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB11599 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB11599 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process GB11599 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB11599 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11599 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11599 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB11602 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB11602 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB11602 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB11602 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB11607 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11620 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11620 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11620 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB11620 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11620 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB11635 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB11635 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB11635 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11653 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB11653 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB11657 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11679 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB11694 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB11694 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11694 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB11694 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB11694 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB11709 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11722 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB11722 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB11730 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11736 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB11736 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB11736 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB11736 GO:0006417_6281_1 regulation of translation "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA." [GOC:isa_complete] IEA biological_process GB11761 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB11761 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB11761 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11761 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB11776 GO:0004857_13174_6 enzyme inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11776 GO:0008073_13174_2 ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor activity "The stopping, prevention or reduction of the activity of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB11798 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11798 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11798 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB11798 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11798 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB11824 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB11824 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB11824 GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB11824 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB11833 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB11833 GO:0004523_13174_5 ribonuclease H activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA in RNA-DNA hybrids to 5'-phosphomonoesters." [EC:3.1.26.4] IEA molecular_function GB11844 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB11844 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB11844 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11868 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11868 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB11871 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11880 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB11880 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB11880 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB11880 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11904 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB11904 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB11904 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB11904 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB11917 GO:0000150_13174_4 recombinase activity "Catalysis of the identification and base-pairing of homologous sequences between single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA." [GOC:elh] IEA molecular_function GB11917 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB11917 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11917 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB11918 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11924 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB11924 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11931 GO:0004127_13174_1 cytidylate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + (d)CMP = ADP + (d)CDP." [EC:2.7.4.14] IEA molecular_function GB11931 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB11931 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB11937 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB11937 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB11937 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB11937 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB11938 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB11938 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11940 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB11940 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB11942 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB11948 GO:0038032_6281_14 termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The signaling process in which G-protein coupled receptor signaling is brought to an end. For example, through the action of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that act to accelerate hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on G-alpha proteins, thereby terminating the transduced signal." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process GB11968 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB11997 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB11997 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB11997 GO:0006367_6281_13 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB12007 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB12025 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12035 GO:0004175_13174_11 endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function GB12035 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB12035 GO:0019773_3650_6 proteasome core complex, alpha-subunit complex "The proteasome core subcomplex that constitutes the two outer rings of the proteasome core complex. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:rb, PMID:10854779] IEA cellular_component GB12040 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB12040 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB12040 GO:0007548_6281_5 sex differentiation "The establishment of the sex of an organism by physical differentiation." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB12040 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB12062 GO:0006506_6281_12 GPI anchor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB12062 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB12062 GO:0017176_13174_2 phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + phosphatidylinositol = UDP + N-acetyl-D-glucosaminylphosphatidylinositol." [EC:2.4.1.198] IEA molecular_function GB12064 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB12064 GO:0006306_6281_11 DNA methylation "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine." [GOC:ems, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB12065 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB12065 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB12065 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB12065 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB12082 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12084 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12108 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12153 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12158 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12158 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB12158 GO:0006869_6281_13 lipid transport "The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB12158 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB12158 GO:0008289_13174_3 lipid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a lipid." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB12158 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB12158 GO:0042157_6281_1 lipoprotein metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB12159 GO:0000150_13174_4 recombinase activity "Catalysis of the identification and base-pairing of homologous sequences between single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA." [GOC:elh] IEA molecular_function GB12159 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12159 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB12168 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12177 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB12177 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12177 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component GB12192 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB12192 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12192 GO:0006306_6281_11 DNA methylation "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine." [GOC:ems, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB12192 GO:0008170_13174_3 N-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the nitrogen atom of an acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB12192 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12194 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB12194 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB12204 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB12204 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB12204 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB12204 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB12207 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB12207 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB12207 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB12207 GO:0004714_13174_8 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity "Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10.1, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB12207 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12207 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB12207 GO:0007169_6281_9 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:ceb, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process GB12207 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB12207 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12234 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB12234 GO:0008324_13174_13 cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of cation from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:dgf, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB12234 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB12234 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB12235 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function GB12235 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB12237 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12255 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB12255 GO:0015074_6281_4 DNA integration "The process in which a segment of DNA is incorporated into another, usually larger, DNA molecule such as a chromosome." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB12257 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12257 GO:0035299_13174_1 inositol pentakisphosphate 2-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.158, RHEA:20316] IEA molecular_function GB12258 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB12258 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB12265 GO:0005096_13174_14 GTPase activator activity "Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB12265 GO:0005099_13174_1 Ras GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Ras superfamily." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB12265 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12265 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB12265 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB12265 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB12265 GO:0009405_6281_3 pathogenesis "The set of specific processes that generate the ability of an organism to cause disease in another." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB12265 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB12278 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12278 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process GB12294 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB12328 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12378 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process GB12378 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB12405 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component GB12405 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB12405 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB12405 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB12411 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12415 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB12415 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB12415 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB12415 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB12421 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12454 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB12454 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12458 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB12458 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB12458 GO:0006352_6281_14 DNA-dependent transcription, initiation "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:jid, GOC:txnOH, PMID:18280161] IEA biological_process GB12458 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB12458 GO:0016987_13174_1 sigma factor activity "A sigma factor is the promoter specificity subunit of eubacterial-type multisubunit RNA polymerases, those whose core subunit composition is often described as alpha(2)-beta-beta-prime. (This type of multisubunit RNA polymerase complex is known to be found in eubacteria and plant plastids). Although sigma does not bind DNA on its own, when combined with the core to form the holoenzyme, this binds specifically to promoter sequences, with the sigma factor making sequence specific contacts with the promoter elements. The sigma subunit is released from the elongating form of the polymerase and is thus free to act catalytically for multiple RNA polymerase core enzymes." [GOC:krc, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB12471 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function GB12471 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12480 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB12480 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB12524 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB12543 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB12543 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB12543 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB12543 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12555 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB12555 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB12578 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12583 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB12583 GO:0004623_13174_8 phospholipase A2 activity "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate." [EC:3.1.1.4] IEA molecular_function GB12583 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB12583 GO:0006644_6281_7 phospholipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB12583 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB12583 GO:0016042_6281_9 lipid catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB12584 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12588 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB12588 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB12588 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB12609 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB12609 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12610 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12612 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB12612 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB12612 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB12645 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB12645 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB12653 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12653 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB12657 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB12659 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB12661 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB12661 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB12661 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12664 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB12664 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB12664 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB12664 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB12664 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB12670 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB12670 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB12696 GO:0001682_6281_1 tRNA 5'-leader removal "Generation of the mature 5'-end of the tRNA, usually via an endonucleolytic cleavage by RNase P." [PMID:11592395] IEA biological_process GB12696 GO:0004526_13174_2 ribonuclease P activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA, removing 5' extra nucleotides from tRNA precursor." [EC:3.1.26.5] IEA molecular_function GB12696 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB12728 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB12728 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12728 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB12730 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function GB12730 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process GB12735 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12742 GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB12742 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB12757 GO:0006865_6281_3 amino acid transport "The directed movement of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB12757 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB12763 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function GB12763 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12763 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB12763 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB12776 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12783 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB12802 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB12802 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB12826 GO:0004042_13174_1 acetyl-CoA:L-glutamate N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate + acetyl-CoA = N-acetyl-L-glutamate + CoA + H(+)." [EC:2.3.1.1, RHEA:24295] IEA molecular_function GB12826 GO:0004358_13174_1 glutamate N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine + L-glutamate = N-acetyl-L-glutamate + L-ornithine." [EC:2.3.1.35, RHEA:15352] IEA molecular_function GB12826 GO:0006526_6281_2 arginine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of arginine, 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid." [CHEBI:29016, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB12843 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB12843 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12843 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB12843 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB12868 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB12868 GO:0008134_13174_12 transcription factor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12915 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB12928 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB12928 GO:0016769_13174_14 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12928 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12937 GO:0000036_13174_6 ACP phosphopantetheine attachment site binding involved in fatty acid biosynthetic process "Interacting selectively with the attachment site of the phosphopantetheine prosthetic group of an acyl carrier protein (ACP) as part of the process of fatty acid biosynthesis." [CHEBI:22221, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB12937 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB12937 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12937 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component GB12958 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB12958 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12973 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB12985 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB12990 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB12993 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB12993 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13020 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13020 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB13020 GO:0009103_6281_4 lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipopolysaccharides, any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB13020 GO:0019143_13174_1 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonate-8-phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 8-phospho-3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate + H(2)O = 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.45, RHEA:11503] IEA molecular_function GB13025 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB13053 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process GB13079 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB13079 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB13086 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13086 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB13086 GO:0016853_13174_10 isomerase activity "Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13086 GO:0030246_13174_13 carbohydrate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates." [CHEBI:16646, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB13088 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13092 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB13092 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB13092 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13114 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13114 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13120 GO:0006486_6281_13 protein glycosylation "A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins." [GOC:curators, GOC:pr] IEA biological_process GB13120 GO:0008417_13174_4 fucosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a fucosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13120 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB13121 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB13121 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB13121 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB13121 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB13131 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB13131 GO:0016861_13174_1 intramolecular oxidoreductase activity, interconverting aldoses and ketoses "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor, which is an aldose or a ketose, are the same molecule, and no oxidized product appears." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB13151 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13151 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB13151 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB13162 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13163 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB13163 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13163 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB13163 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB13163 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB13172 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13172 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13172 GO:0008800_13174_1 beta-lactamase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a beta-lactam + H2O = a substituted beta-amino acid." [EC:3.5.2.6] IEA molecular_function GB13172 GO:0017001_6281_1 antibiotic catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of antibiotic, a substance produced by or derived from certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB13174 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB13177 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB13177 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB13181 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13197 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13202 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB13208 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB13212 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB13212 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13215 GO:0004375_13174_1 glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: glycine + lipoylprotein = S-aminomethyldihydrolipoylprotein + CO2." [EC:1.4.4.2] IEA molecular_function GB13215 GO:0006544_6281_2 glycine metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycine, aminoethanoic acid." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB13215 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB13217 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13217 GO:0005778_3650_2 peroxisomal membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding a peroxisome." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component GB13217 GO:0007031_6281_4 peroxisome organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a peroxisome. A peroxisome is a small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB13217 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13233 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB13233 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB13233 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB13244 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13244 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13247 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13247 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13247 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB13247 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13247 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB13248 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB13248 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB13248 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB13248 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB13250 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13250 GO:0016301_13174_14 kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13250 GO:0016310_6281_6 phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB13258 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13258 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB13258 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB13258 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB13267 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13267 GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13267 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB13270 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB13270 GO:0004519_13174_5 endonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by creating internal breaks." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB13270 GO:0009307_6281_1 DNA restriction-modification system "A defense process found in many bacteria and archaea that protects the organism from invading foreign DNA by cleaving it with a restriction endonuclease. The organism's own DNA is protected by methylation of a specific nucleotide, which occurs immediately following replication, in the same target site as the restriction enzyme." [GOC:jl, UniProtKB-KW:KW-0680] IEA biological_process GB13296 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13296 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB13296 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13296 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB13306 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13316 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13316 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function GB13316 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB13326 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB13326 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB13326 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process GB13352 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB13352 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB13352 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB13364 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB13364 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB13364 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB13364 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB13391 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13396 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB13396 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB13411 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB13411 GO:0005923_3650_3 tight junction "An occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet; the outer leaflets of the two interacting plasma membranes are seen to be tightly apposed where sealing strands are present. Each sealing strand is composed of a long row of transmembrane adhesion proteins embedded in each of the two interacting plasma membranes." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815332181] IEA cellular_component GB13422 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process GB13428 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13428 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13438 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13439 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function GB13439 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB13439 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB13447 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB13447 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB13447 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process GB13447 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13448 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13490 GO:0003747_13174_4 translation release factor activity "Involved in catalyzing the release of a nascent polypeptide chain from a ribosome." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB13490 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB13490 GO:0006415_6281_4 translational termination "The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome, usually in response to a termination codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA in the universal genetic code)." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process GB13490 GO:0016149_13174_2 translation release factor activity, codon specific "A translation release factor that is specific for one or more particular termination codons; acts at the ribosomal A-site and require polypeptidyl-tRNA at the P-site." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB13498 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB13498 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13498 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB13498 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB13498 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB13523 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB13523 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13532 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB13532 GO:0045892_6281_5 negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB13541 GO:0004867_13174_10 serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of serine-type endopeptidases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain; a serine residue (and a histidine residue) are at the active center of the enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13541 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB13547 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function GB13547 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB13547 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB13547 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB13549 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component GB13566 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB13566 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB13566 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB13566 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB13574 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function GB13574 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB13585 GO:0003746_13174_11 translation elongation factor activity "Functions in chain elongation during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13585 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13585 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB13585 GO:0006414_6281_12 translational elongation "The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis." [GOC:ems] IEA biological_process GB13586 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13590 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13590 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB13590 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13590 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB13611 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB13611 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13632 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB13632 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB13632 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB13632 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB13639 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13639 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13640 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB13640 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13664 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB13664 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB13671 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13671 GO:0008191_13174_1 metalloendopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of metalloendopeptidases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain and contain a chelated metal ion at their active sites which is essential to their catalytic activity." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13687 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13694 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB13694 GO:0004518_13174_9 nuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB13694 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB13694 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process GB13694 GO:0006289_6281_7 nucleotide-excision repair "A DNA repair process in which a small region of the strand surrounding the damage is removed from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Nucleotide excision repair recognizes a wide range of substrates, including damage caused by UV irradiation (pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts) and chemicals (intrastrand cross-links and bulky adducts)." [PMID:10197977] IEA biological_process GB13694 GO:0009380_3650_1 excinuclease repair complex "Any of the protein complexes formed by the UvrABC excinuclease system, which carries out nucleotide excision repair. Three different complexes are formed by the 3 proteins as they proceed through the excision repair process. First a complex consisting of two A subunits and one B subunit bind DNA and unwind it around the damaged site. Then, the A subunits disassociate leaving behind a stable complex between subunit B and DNA. Now, subunit C binds to this B+DNA complex and causes subunit B to nick the DNA on one side of the complex while subunit C nicks the DNA on the other side of the complex. DNA polymerase I and DNA ligase can then repair the resulting gap." [GOC:mah, GOC:mlg, PMID:15192705] IEA cellular_component GB13694 GO:0009381_13174_1 excinuclease ABC activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid at sites flanking regions of damaged DNA to which the Uvr ABC excinuclease complexes bind." [GOC:mah, PMID:15192705] IEA molecular_function GB13750 GO:0000775_3650_3 chromosome, centromeric region "The region of a chromosome that includes the centromeric DNA and associated proteins. In monocentric chromosomes, this region corresponds to a single area of the chromosome, whereas in holocentric chromosomes, it is evenly distributed along the chromosome." [GOC:elh, GOC:kmv] IEA cellular_component GB13750 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB13750 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13752 GO:0006486_6281_13 protein glycosylation "A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins." [GOC:curators, GOC:pr] IEA biological_process GB13752 GO:0008378_13174_9 galactosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a galactosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13752 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB13764 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13788 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB13788 GO:0022904_6281_2 respiratory electron transport chain "A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient." [GOC:mtg_electron_transport, ISBN:0716720094] IEA biological_process GB13790 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13793 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13795 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB13795 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB13795 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB13795 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13795 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB13795 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13814 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB13854 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13874 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13874 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB13874 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB13874 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB13941 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13950 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13957 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB13957 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB13973 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB13973 GO:0015269_13174_4 calcium-activated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the calcium concentration-regulatable energy-independent passage of potassium ions across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_transport] IEA molecular_function GB13973 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB13978 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB13978 GO:0004190_13174_12 aspartic-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13978 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB13978 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB13978 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB13978 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB13978 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB13983 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13984 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB13984 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB13984 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB13986 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB13986 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB13986 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB13986 GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB13997 GO:0005083_13174_8 small GTPase regulator activity "Modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a small monomeric GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB13997 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB13997 GO:0006461_6281_5 protein complex assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB13997 GO:0008154_6281_2 actin polymerization or depolymerization "Assembly or disassembly of actin filaments by the addition or removal of actin monomers from a filament." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB13997 GO:0015629_3650_9 actin cytoskeleton "The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB14020 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB14020 GO:0008235_13174_9 metalloexopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the N- or C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#EXOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function GB14020 GO:0008239_13174_7 dipeptidyl-peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain." [GOC:mb] IEA molecular_function GB14020 GO:0016805_13174_7 dipeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a dipeptide." [http://www.onelook.com] IEA molecular_function GB14036 GO:0004177_13174_10 aminopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal amino acid residues from in a polypeptide chain." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14036 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB14041 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB14041 GO:0003712_13174_7 transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a regulatory transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function GB14041 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB14041 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB14043 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function GB14043 GO:0016043_6281_8 cellular component organization "A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component." [GOC:ai, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB14081 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB14081 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB14081 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB14081 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB14082 GO:0006486_6281_13 protein glycosylation "A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins." [GOC:curators, GOC:pr] IEA biological_process GB14082 GO:0008378_13174_9 galactosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a galactosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14082 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB14090 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14090 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB14090 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14120 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB14120 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14134 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14134 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB14134 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14147 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB14155 GO:0004177_13174_10 aminopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal amino acid residues from in a polypeptide chain." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14155 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB14155 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB14168 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB14168 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14168 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14168 GO:0006298_6281_7 mismatch repair "A system for the correction of errors in which an incorrect base, which cannot form hydrogen bonds with the corresponding base in the parent strand, is incorporated into the daughter strand. The mismatch repair system promotes genomic fidelity by repairing base-base mismatches, insertion-deletion loops and heterologies generated during DNA replication and recombination." [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11687886] IEA biological_process GB14168 GO:0030983_13174_6 mismatched DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded DNA containing one or more mismatches." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB14176 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB14179 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14181 GO:0005272_13174_9 sodium channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a sodium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB14181 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB14181 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB14186 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14186 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB14186 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14186 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB14196 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14204 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14204 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14213 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14221 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14221 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB14225 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14239 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB14239 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB14239 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14245 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14257 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14257 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14257 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB14257 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14291 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB14291 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB14291 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14313 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14313 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14325 GO:0005199_13174_1 structural constituent of cell wall "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cell wall." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB14329 GO:0005164_13174_2 tumor necrosis factor receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the tumor necrosis factor receptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14329 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14329 GO:0006955_6281_5 immune response "Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05] IEA biological_process GB14329 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB14334 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14334 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14335 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB14335 GO:0017089_13174_2 glycolipid transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of glycolipids, compounds containing (usually) 1-4 linked monosaccharide residues joined by a glycosyl linkage to a lipid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14335 GO:0046836_6281_2 glycolipid transport "The directed movement of glycolipids, compounds containing (usually) 1-4 linked monosaccharide residues joined by a glycosyl linkage to a lipid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB14335 GO:0051861_13174_2 glycolipid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a glycolipid, any compound containing one or more monosaccharide residues bound by a glycosidic linkage to a hydrophobic group such as an acylglycerol, a sphingoid, a ceramide (N-acylsphingoid) or a prenyl phosphate." [http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/misc/glylp.html#2.1] IEA molecular_function GB14336 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14336 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14336 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14339 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14339 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB14339 GO:0016776_13174_4 phosphotransferase activity, phosphate group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to a phosphate group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14339 GO:0019201_13174_4 nucleotide kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside monophosphate = ADP + nucleoside diphosphate." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14339 GO:0019205_13174_7 nucleobase-containing compound kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP or GTP, to a nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide or polynucleotide substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14339 GO:0046939_6281_4 nucleotide phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a nucleotide to produce a phosphorylated nucleoside." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB14363 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14385 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14386 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14386 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB14386 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function GB14386 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB14386 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14387 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB14387 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB14387 GO:0045893_6281_4 positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB14393 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB14393 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB14393 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB14393 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB14406 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB14406 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14419 GO:0005615_3650_7 extracellular space "That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB14430 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB14430 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB14430 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB14430 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB14440 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function GB14440 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB14440 GO:0008138_13174_15 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB14440 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB14440 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function GB14463 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14464 GO:0004872_13174_13 receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14464 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function GB14464 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB14464 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB14467 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14467 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14467 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB14467 GO:0016706_13174_8 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom each of oxygen into both donors "Catalysis of the reaction: A + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = B + succinate + CO2. This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB14467 GO:0031418_13174_6 L-ascorbic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with L-ascorbic acid, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate; L-ascorbic acid is vitamin C and has co-factor and anti-oxidant activities in many species." [CHEBI:38290, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB14467 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB14471 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB14471 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14471 GO:0019281_6281_2 L-methionine biosynthetic process from homoserine via O-succinyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including homoserine, via the intermediates O-succinyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB14479 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14487 GO:0004872_13174_13 receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14487 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14487 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14487 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB14487 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process GB14487 GO:0007160_6281_6 cell-matrix adhesion "The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB14487 GO:0007229_6281_3 integrin-mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of extracellular ligand to an integrin on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process GB14487 GO:0008305_3650_3 integrin complex "A protein complex that is composed of one alpha subunit and one beta subunit, both of which are members of the integrin superfamily of cell adhesion receptors; the complex spans the plasma membrane and binds to extracellular matrix ligands, cell-surface ligands, and soluble ligands." [PMID:17543136] IEA cellular_component GB14487 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB14504 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB14504 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14504 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14504 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB14504 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process GB14515 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14515 GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14516 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB14516 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14516 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB14516 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB14516 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14519 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB14519 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14532 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14536 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB14536 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14536 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function GB14536 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB14536 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB14544 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14544 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14556 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14590 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB14590 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB14590 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14590 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB14590 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14609 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14610 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB14610 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14625 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB14625 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function GB14625 GO:0005666_3650_1 DNA-directed RNA polymerase III complex "RNA polymerase III, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces 5S rRNA, tRNAs and some of the small nuclear RNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerase I and others of which are also found in RNA polymerases I and II. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu] IEA cellular_component GB14625 GO:0006383_6281_1 transcription from RNA polymerase III promoter "The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase III, originating at an RNAP III promoter." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB14635 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB14635 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14655 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14657 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB14657 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14659 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14660 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14660 GO:0004559_13174_4 alpha-mannosidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-D-mannose residues in alpha-D-mannosides." [EC:3.2.1.24] IEA molecular_function GB14660 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB14670 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14675 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14675 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB14676 GO:0005740_3650_5 mitochondrial envelope "The double lipid bilayer enclosing the mitochondrion and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space." [GOC:ai, GOC:pz] IEA cellular_component GB14676 GO:0006122_6281_5 mitochondrial electron transport, ubiquinol to cytochrome c "The transfer of electrons from ubiquinol to cytochrome c that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex III." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process GB14676 GO:0008121_13174_9 ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: CoQH2 + 2 ferricytochrome c = CoQ + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H+." [EC:1.10.2.2, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB14684 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB14692 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB14692 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB14692 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14695 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14699 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB14699 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB14699 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB14699 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB14711 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14712 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB14712 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function GB14712 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB14712 GO:0006506_6281_12 GPI anchor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB14712 GO:0016757_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14712 GO:0031227_3650_9 intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane "Located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component GB14722 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14722 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB14722 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14725 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14725 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14725 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB14739 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB14739 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB14739 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB14739 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB14746 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14748 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14761 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14785 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14800 GO:0042393_13174_2 histone binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a histone, any of a group of water-soluble proteins found in association with the DNA of plant and animal chromosomes. They are involved in the condensation and coiling of chromosomes during cell division and have also been implicated in nonspecific suppression of gene activity." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14823 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14836 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14836 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14836 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB14836 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14836 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB14844 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB14844 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14850 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14854 GO:0005795_3650_4 Golgi stack "The set of thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments, called cisternae, that form the central portion of the Golgi complex. The stack usually comprises cis, medial, and trans cisternae; the cis- and trans-Golgi networks are not considered part of the stack." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB14854 GO:0008378_13174_9 galactosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a galactosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14859 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14864 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14867 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB14867 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14868 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB14868 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14868 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB14868 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB14868 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB14868 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB14868 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB14868 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB14878 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14883 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14892 GO:0005789_3650_10 endoplasmic reticulum membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component GB14892 GO:0006506_6281_12 GPI anchor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB14892 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB14892 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14893 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14893 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB14893 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB14899 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB14899 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14899 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process GB14899 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14932 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB14932 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB14932 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14945 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB14952 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14974 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14974 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB14974 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB14974 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14974 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB14994 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB14994 GO:0006306_6281_11 DNA methylation "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine." [GOC:ems, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB14994 GO:0008170_13174_3 N-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the nitrogen atom of an acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14995 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB14995 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB14996 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB14996 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB14996 GO:0003964_13174_3 RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1). Catalyzes RNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of a DNA strand by one deoxynucleotide at a time." [EC:2.7.7.49] IEA molecular_function GB14996 GO:0006278_6281_3 RNA-dependent DNA replication "A DNA replication process that uses RNA as a template for RNA-dependent DNA polymerases (e.g. reverse transcriptase) that synthesize the new strands." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB14996 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15012 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function GB15012 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB15017 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15022 GO:0000150_13174_4 recombinase activity "Catalysis of the identification and base-pairing of homologous sequences between single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA." [GOC:elh] IEA molecular_function GB15022 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB15022 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15022 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB15041 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB15041 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB15041 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15042 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB15042 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15063 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB15074 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB15074 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB15074 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB15074 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB15078 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15112 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB15112 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB15112 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB15112 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB15125 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15138 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15146 GO:0016620_13174_11 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB15146 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB15156 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB15156 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15162 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB15162 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB15162 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function GB15175 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB15175 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15182 GO:0006486_6281_13 protein glycosylation "A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins." [GOC:curators, GOC:pr] IEA biological_process GB15182 GO:0008417_13174_4 fucosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a fucosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15182 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB15183 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB15183 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB15183 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB15205 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB15205 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB15205 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB15206 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function GB15206 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB15206 GO:0015412_13174_1 molybdate transmembrane-transporting ATPase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + molybdate(out) = ADP + phosphate + molybdate(in)." [EC:3.6.3.29] IEA molecular_function GB15206 GO:0015689_6281_1 molybdate ion transport "The directed movement of molybdate (MoO4 2-) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Molybdate is the bivalent anion derived from molybdic acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB15206 GO:0030288_3650_9 outer membrane-bounded periplasmic space "The region between the inner (cytoplasmic or plasma) membrane and outer membrane of organisms with two membranes such as Gram negative bacteria. These periplasmic spaces are relatively thick and contain a thin cell wall." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] IEA cellular_component GB15208 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB15208 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB15208 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15208 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB15209 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB15228 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB15228 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB15228 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB15228 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB15251 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB15251 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15256 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB15256 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process GB15267 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15274 GO:0042981_6281_3 regulation of apoptotic process "Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_apoptosis] IEA biological_process GB15293 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15293 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB15330 GO:0004623_13174_8 phospholipase A2 activity "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate." [EC:3.1.1.4] IEA molecular_function GB15330 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15330 GO:0016042_6281_9 lipid catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB15348 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB15348 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB15368 GO:0005789_3650_10 endoplasmic reticulum membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component GB15368 GO:0006506_6281_12 GPI anchor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB15368 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB15369 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB15369 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB15369 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process GB15376 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15376 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB15376 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB15385 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB15385 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15385 GO:0016070_6281_11 RNA metabolic process "The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB15392 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB15392 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB15415 GO:0005158_13174_6 insulin receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin receptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15415 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component GB15418 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB15418 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB15418 GO:0019478_6281_1 D-amino acid catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-amino acids, the D-enantiomers of amino acids." [GOC:ai, GOC:jsg] IEA biological_process GB15425 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15425 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15449 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15451 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB15451 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB15456 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB15456 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB15456 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB15456 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB15484 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB15484 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB15484 GO:0006352_6281_14 DNA-dependent transcription, initiation "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:jid, GOC:txnOH, PMID:18280161] IEA biological_process GB15491 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB15491 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15500 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB15500 GO:0004637_13174_1 phosphoribosylamine-glycine ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 5-phospho-D-ribosylamine + ATP + glycine = N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate." [EC:6.3.4.13, RHEA:17456] IEA molecular_function GB15500 GO:0004641_13174_1 phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine cyclo-ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-(formamido)-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + ATP = 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate." [EC:6.3.3.1, RHEA:23035] IEA molecular_function GB15500 GO:0004644_13174_1 phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide = tetrahydrofolate + N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide." [EC:2.1.2.2] IEA molecular_function GB15500 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB15500 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB15500 GO:0006189_6281_3 'de novo' IMP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of IMP, inosine monophosphate, by the stepwise assembly of a purine ring on ribose 5-phosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716720094] IEA biological_process GB15500 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB15500 GO:0009113_6281_2 purine nucleobase biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, which include adenine and guanine." [CHEBI:26386, GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB15500 GO:0016742_13174_3 hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a hydroxymethyl- or formyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [EC:2.1.2, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB15500 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15515 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB15515 GO:0004540_13174_5 ribonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in chains of RNA." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB15515 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process GB15517 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component GB15517 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB15517 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB15517 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB15517 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB15522 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15533 GO:0016670_13174_1 oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, oxygen as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB15533 GO:0030328_6281_1 prenylcysteine catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of prenylcysteine, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl-cysteine, a derivative of the amino acid cysteine formed by the covalent addition of a prenyl residue." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB15533 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB15534 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15540 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15540 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15544 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function GB15556 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15570 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB15570 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15571 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB15571 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15571 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB15571 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB15571 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB15580 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15617 GO:0007026_6281_3 negative regulation of microtubule depolymerization "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule depolymerization; prevention of depolymerization of a microtubule can result from binding by 'capping' at the plus end (e.g. by interaction with another cellular protein of structure) or by exposing microtubules to a stabilizing drug such as taxol." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process GB15639 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB15654 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB15672 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function GB15672 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB15672 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB15672 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB15672 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB15672 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB15705 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB15731 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB15739 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB15739 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB15739 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB15739 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15753 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15753 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process GB15766 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15766 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15801 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB15801 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB15819 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB15819 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB15819 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB15819 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB15821 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB15821 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB15823 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB15842 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB15842 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB15842 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB15842 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB15844 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15844 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB15844 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB15844 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15844 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB15868 GO:0008839_13174_1 dihydrodipicolinate reductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate + NADP+ = 2,3-dihydrodipicolinate + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.3.1.26] IEA molecular_function GB15868 GO:0009089_6281_1 lysine biosynthetic process via diaminopimelate "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine, via the intermediate diaminopimelate." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB15868 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB15868 GO:0070402_13174_1 NADPH binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the reduced form, NADPH, of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB15879 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15891 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15897 GO:0008745_13174_6 N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain bacterial cell-wall glycopeptides." [EC:3.5.1.28] IEA molecular_function GB15897 GO:0009253_6281_6 peptidoglycan catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptidoglycans, any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls." [http://www.dsmz.de/species/murein.htm, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB15899 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB15899 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB15899 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB15899 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB15926 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB15926 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB15926 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB15926 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB15929 GO:0000012_6281_1 single strand break repair "The repair of single strand breaks in DNA. Repair of such breaks is mediated by the same enzyme systems as are used in base excision repair." [http://www.ultranet.com/~jkimball/BiologyPages/D/DNArepair.html] IEA biological_process GB15929 GO:0003684_13174_11 damaged DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with damaged DNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB15929 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB15929 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB15929 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB15929 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB15929 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15929 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB15938 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15938 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB15938 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB15938 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB15938 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB15941 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB15951 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB15976 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB15976 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB15976 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB16004 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16004 GO:0003908_13174_2 methylated-DNA-[protein]-cysteine S-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: DNA (containing 6-O-methylguanine) + (protein)-L-cysteine = DNA (without 6-O-methylguanine) + protein S-methyl-L-cysteine." [EC:2.1.1.63] IEA molecular_function GB16004 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process GB16012 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16022 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB16022 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16058 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16059 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16059 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB16059 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16095 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB16095 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16095 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process GB16105 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB16105 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16105 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB16105 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process GB16116 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16116 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB16116 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB16116 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16126 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16126 GO:0004018_13174_2 N6-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)AMP AMP-lyase (fumarate-forming) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: N6-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)AMP = fumarate + AMP." [EC:4.3.2.2] IEA molecular_function GB16126 GO:0006188_6281_2 IMP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of IMP, inosine monophosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB16127 GO:0000151_3650_13 ubiquitin ligase complex "A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex." [PMID:9529603] IEA cellular_component GB16127 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function GB16127 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16127 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16127 GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB16131 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB16131 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB16131 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16166 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB16171 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16171 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16171 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16171 GO:0022900_6281_4 electron transport chain "A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient." [GOC:mtg_electron_transport] IEA biological_process GB16175 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16177 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB16177 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB16177 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16188 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16228 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16228 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16233 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16247 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16248 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB16248 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB16256 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16278 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16279 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB16279 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB16279 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB16279 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB16301 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB16301 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB16301 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB16301 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB16307 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16307 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB16307 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16314 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB16314 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16332 GO:0000213_13174_2 tRNA-intron endonuclease activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of pre-tRNA, producing 5'-hydroxyl and 2',3'-cyclic phosphate termini, and specifically removing the intron." [EC:3.1.27.9] IEA molecular_function GB16332 GO:0006388_6281_3 tRNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation "Splicing of tRNA substrates via recognition of the folded RNA structure that brings the 5' and 3' splice sites into proximity and cleavage of the RNA at both the 3' and 5' splice sites by an endonucleolytic mechanism, followed by ligation of the exons." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897, PMID:9582290] IEA biological_process GB16357 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB16357 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16359 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB16359 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB16359 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB16359 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB16370 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB16370 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB16370 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16391 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB16391 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB16391 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB16391 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB16406 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB16428 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB16428 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB16455 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB16455 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB16455 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB16455 GO:0006309_6281_1 apoptotic DNA fragmentation "The cleavage of DNA during apoptosis, which usually occurs in two stages: cleavage into fragments of about 50 kbp followed by cleavage between nucleosomes to yield 200 bp fragments." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, ISBN:0721639976] IEA biological_process GB16455 GO:0006915_6281_8 apoptotic process "A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathways) which typically lead to rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. The process ends when the cell has died. The process is divided into a signaling pathway phase and into an execution phase, which is triggered by the former." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:18846107, PMID:21494263] IEA biological_process GB16455 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16457 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB16457 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16462 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16462 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16463 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16463 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16467 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function GB16467 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB16475 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16475 GO:0008483_13174_8 transaminase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16475 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16478 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16481 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16481 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB16489 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB16489 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function GB16489 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16489 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB16489 GO:0015417_13174_1 polyamine-transporting ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + polyamine(out) = ADP + phosphate + polyamine(in)." [EC:3.6.3.31] IEA molecular_function GB16489 GO:0015846_6281_1 polyamine transport "The directed movement of polyamines, organic compounds containing two or more amino groups, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB16489 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB16489 GO:0016820_13174_11 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, catalyzing transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acid anhydride to directly drive the transport of a substance across a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB16489 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16489 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB16489 GO:0043190_3650_1 ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter complex "A complex for the transport of metabolites into and out of the cell, typically comprised of four domains; two membrane-associated domains and two ATP-binding domains at the intracellular face of the membrane, that form a central pore through the plasma membrane. Each of the four core domains may be encoded as a separate polypeptide or the domains can be fused in any one of a number of ways into multidomain polypeptides. In Bacteria and Archaebacteria, ABC transporters also include substrate binding proteins to bind substrate external to the cytoplasm and deliver it to the transporter." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:11421269, PMID:15111107] IEA cellular_component GB16491 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB16501 GO:0006904_6281_12 vesicle docking involved in exocytosis "The initial attachment of a vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane, that contributes to exocytosis." [GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB16501 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process GB16510 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB16510 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB16510 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB16510 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB16518 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16518 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16521 GO:0008444_13174_1 CDP-diacylglycerol-glycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + CDP-diacylglycerol = 3-(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate + CMP + H(+)." [EC:2.7.8.5, RHEA:12596] IEA molecular_function GB16521 GO:0008654_6281_10 phospholipid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB16521 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB16521 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB16521 GO:0016780_13174_6 phosphotransferase activity, for other substituted phosphate groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a substituted phosphate group, other than diphosphate or nucleotidyl residues, from one compound (donor) to a another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/EC2/intro.html] IEA molecular_function GB16544 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16544 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB16544 GO:0019205_13174_7 nucleobase-containing compound kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP or GTP, to a nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide or polynucleotide substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16569 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB16573 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB16581 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16581 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16581 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB16581 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16581 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB16596 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16609 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16609 GO:0032580_3650_2 Golgi cisterna membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the thin, flattened compartments that form the central portion of the Golgi complex." [GOC:ecd, GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component GB16610 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16610 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB16610 GO:0006306_6281_11 DNA methylation "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine." [GOC:ems, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB16610 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16610 GO:0008170_13174_3 N-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the nitrogen atom of an acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16610 GO:0009007_13174_2 site-specific DNA-methyltransferase (adenine-specific) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA adenine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA 6-methylaminopurine." [EC:2.1.1.72] IEA molecular_function GB16610 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB16610 GO:0032775_6281_2 DNA methylation on adenine "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to N-6 of adenine in a DNA molecule." [GOC:pf] IEA biological_process GB16612 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16612 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB16612 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16622 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16631 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16652 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16672 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16672 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB16672 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16672 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB16674 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16674 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component GB16674 GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB16674 GO:0043234_3650_15 protein complex "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB16674 GO:0051258_6281_15 protein polymerization "The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB16695 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16695 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16696 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16698 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16698 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16698 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB16698 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16698 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB16703 GO:0008137_13174_11 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol." [EC:1.6.5.3] IEA molecular_function GB16703 GO:0042773_6281_3 ATP synthesis coupled electron transport "The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process GB16703 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB16709 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB16709 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB16710 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16714 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16714 GO:0009396_6281_8 folic acid-containing compound biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of folic acid and its derivatives." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB16714 GO:0030272_13174_2 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cyclo-ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 5-formyltetrahydrofolate + ATP = 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + ADP + H(+) + phosphate." [EC:6.3.3.2, RHEA:10491] IEA molecular_function GB16732 GO:0006807_6281_12 nitrogen compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium." [CHEBI:51143, GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB16732 GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16736 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB16736 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB16736 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB16736 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16736 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16736 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16740 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16743 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16743 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB16749 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB16749 GO:0003964_13174_3 RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1). Catalyzes RNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of a DNA strand by one deoxynucleotide at a time." [EC:2.7.7.49] IEA molecular_function GB16749 GO:0006278_6281_3 RNA-dependent DNA replication "A DNA replication process that uses RNA as a template for RNA-dependent DNA polymerases (e.g. reverse transcriptase) that synthesize the new strands." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB16761 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB16761 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16761 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB16761 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16769 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16794 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB16798 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16819 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16841 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16841 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16847 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16847 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16849 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16849 GO:0004527_13174_12 exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB16849 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB16851 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB16851 GO:0004820_13174_2 glycine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + glycine + tRNA(Gly) = AMP + diphosphate + glycyl-tRNA(Gly)." [EC:6.1.1.14] IEA molecular_function GB16851 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16851 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB16851 GO:0006426_6281_2 glycyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling glycine to glycyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glycyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process GB16854 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB16855 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB16855 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB16874 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB16874 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB16874 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB16874 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB16908 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16908 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB16915 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16915 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function GB16915 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB16915 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB16915 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB16915 GO:0030288_3650_9 outer membrane-bounded periplasmic space "The region between the inner (cytoplasmic or plasma) membrane and outer membrane of organisms with two membranes such as Gram negative bacteria. These periplasmic spaces are relatively thick and contain a thin cell wall." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] IEA cellular_component GB16922 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16922 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB16934 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16934 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16938 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function GB16938 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB16938 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB16941 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16941 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB16947 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB16947 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB16947 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB16947 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16947 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB16947 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16948 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16948 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process GB16956 GO:0004152_13174_2 dihydroorotate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-dihydroorotate + A = AH(2) + orotate." [EC:1.3.5.2, RHEA:18076] IEA molecular_function GB16956 GO:0004158_13174_2 dihydroorotate oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-dihydroorotate + O(2) = H(2)O(2) + orotate." [EC:1.3.3.1, RHEA:15444] IEA molecular_function GB16956 GO:0006207_6281_5 'de novo' pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyrimidine nucleobases, 1,3-diazine, organic nitrogenous bases, beginning with the synthesis of a pyrimidine ring from simpler precursors." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716720094] IEA biological_process GB16956 GO:0006222_6281_2 UMP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UMP, uridine monophosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB16956 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB16956 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB16960 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB16960 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB16960 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB16993 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB16993 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16993 GO:0008276_13174_4 protein methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group (CH3-) to a protein." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB16993 GO:0009236_6281_2 cobalamin biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12), a water-soluble vitamin characterized by possession of a corrin nucleus containing a cobalt atom." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB16997 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function GB16997 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process GB17009 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB17009 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17009 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17009 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB17009 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB17009 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB17009 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB17009 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB17019 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process GB17033 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB17033 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function GB17033 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB17046 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17048 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB17048 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB17048 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17048 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB17048 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17053 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB17053 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17053 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB17053 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB17053 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB17055 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB17055 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB17055 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17055 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17078 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17083 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB17083 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17083 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17083 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process GB17083 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17094 GO:0019028_3650_3 viral capsid "The protein coat that surrounds the infective nucleic acid in some virus particles. It comprises numerous regularly arranged subunits, or capsomeres." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17111 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17119 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17119 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17127 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17128 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB17140 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17140 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17170 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17170 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17171 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17171 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17197 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17197 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17197 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB17197 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17197 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB17205 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17205 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17213 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17213 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17227 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB17227 GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17232 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17232 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB17232 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function GB17257 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17264 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17264 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB17264 GO:0008253_13174_2 5'-nucleotidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a 5'-ribonucleotide + H2O = a ribonucleoside + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.5] IEA molecular_function GB17265 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17266 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB17266 GO:0045892_6281_5 negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB17296 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB17296 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17296 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process GB17297 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17297 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB17297 GO:0016853_13174_10 isomerase activity "Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17298 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB17298 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB17310 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17310 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17314 GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB17314 GO:0008924_13174_1 malate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + a quinone = oxaloacetate + a quinol." [MetaCyc:MALATE-DEHYDROGENASE-ACCEPTOR-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB17314 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17314 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB17318 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17326 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17326 GO:0006298_6281_7 mismatch repair "A system for the correction of errors in which an incorrect base, which cannot form hydrogen bonds with the corresponding base in the parent strand, is incorporated into the daughter strand. The mismatch repair system promotes genomic fidelity by repairing base-base mismatches, insertion-deletion loops and heterologies generated during DNA replication and recombination." [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11687886] IEA biological_process GB17332 GO:0005179_13174_9 hormone activity "The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17332 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB17337 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB17337 GO:0003678_13174_3 DNA helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA helix." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB17337 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17337 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB17337 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB17339 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB17344 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB17344 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB17344 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB17344 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17344 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB17344 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17382 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB17382 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB17382 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17391 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17391 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17416 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17440 GO:0005201_13174_6 extracellular matrix structural constituent "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB17440 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17440 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17440 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17440 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB17440 GO:0005578_3650_4 proteinaceous extracellular matrix "A layer consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that forms a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. The proteins are secreted by cells in the vicinity. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB17445 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17452 GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17452 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17452 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB17454 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB17454 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process GB17454 GO:0015629_3650_9 actin cytoskeleton "The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB17479 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17497 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB17497 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB17497 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB17497 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17527 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB17527 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB17527 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17527 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB17527 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17527 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17540 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB17540 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17540 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB17543 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17543 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB17543 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17556 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB17556 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB17556 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB17556 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17556 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB17556 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17561 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB17561 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17561 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17561 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB17565 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17567 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB17567 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17567 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB17567 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17577 GO:0005795_3650_4 Golgi stack "The set of thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments, called cisternae, that form the central portion of the Golgi complex. The stack usually comprises cis, medial, and trans cisternae; the cis- and trans-Golgi networks are not considered part of the stack." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB17577 GO:0008378_13174_9 galactosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a galactosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17578 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB17578 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17578 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17578 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB17578 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB17580 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB17580 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB17580 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB17580 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB17581 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB17581 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17581 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB17581 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17596 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17596 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17598 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB17598 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17636 GO:0005673_3650_1 transcription factor TFIIE complex "A transcription factor which in humans consists of a complex of two alpha and two beta chains. Recruits TFIIH to the initiation complex and helps activate both RNA polymerase II and TFIIH." [GOC:jl, PMID:16547462] IEA cellular_component GB17636 GO:0006367_6281_13 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB17663 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17671 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17671 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB17671 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB17677 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB17677 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17677 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17682 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17682 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB17682 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB17682 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process GB17697 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17698 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17704 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17715 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB17715 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17715 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17715 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB17716 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17723 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB17723 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17723 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB17732 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB17732 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB17732 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17755 GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17755 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB17755 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17765 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB17765 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB17765 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB17765 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB17777 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB17777 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function GB17777 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB17808 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17808 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17808 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB17808 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17814 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB17814 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function GB17814 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB17814 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB17814 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17814 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process GB17814 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB17833 GO:0000226_6281_11 microtubule cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB17833 GO:0000922_3650_5 spindle pole "Either of the ends of a spindle, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules." [GOC:clt] IEA cellular_component GB17833 GO:0005815_3650_5 microtubule organizing center "A cytoplasmic structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and that can anchor microtubules by interacting with their minus ends, plus ends or sides." [ISBN:0815316194, PMID:17245416] IEA cellular_component GB17841 GO:0007267_6281_4 cell-cell signaling "Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB17841 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process GB17857 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB17910 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function GB17910 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17910 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB17910 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB17910 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB17935 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB17935 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB17975 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB17997 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process GB18002 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18006 GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB18006 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18022 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB18022 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18022 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component GB18031 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18061 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB18061 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB18061 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB18061 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB18073 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18079 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB18090 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18090 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18100 GO:0004489_13174_1 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NADPH) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydrofolate + NAD(P)+ = 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NAD(P)H + H+." [EC:1.5.1.20] IEA molecular_function GB18100 GO:0006555_6281_2 methionine metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB18100 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB18114 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process GB18114 GO:0006633_6281_4 fatty acid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB18114 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB18114 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB18114 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB18117 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB18117 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB18117 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB18117 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB18117 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18119 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18119 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB18155 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB18155 GO:0008603_13174_6 cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity "Modulation of the activity of the enzyme cAMP-dependent protein kinase." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18164 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB18164 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18164 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component GB18166 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18166 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18190 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18193 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB18202 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18228 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18237 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB18237 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18237 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18237 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB18237 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB18237 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB18237 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB18237 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB18246 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18246 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB18246 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB18246 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18246 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB18246 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18257 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18257 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18261 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18261 GO:0004427_13174_7 inorganic diphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + H(2)O = H(+) + 2 phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.1, RHEA:24579] IEA molecular_function GB18261 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB18261 GO:0006796_6281_7 phosphate-containing compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the phosphate group, the anion or salt of any phosphoric acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB18297 GO:0005267_13174_2 potassium channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a potassium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB18297 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB18297 GO:0071805_6281_2 potassium ion transmembrane transport "A process in which a potassium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB18308 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18338 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18338 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18339 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18340 GO:0005272_13174_9 sodium channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a sodium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB18340 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB18340 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB18343 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB18343 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB18345 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB18345 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB18349 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB18349 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB18349 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18349 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB18351 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function GB18351 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18351 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB18351 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB18351 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function GB18361 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB18361 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB18375 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18382 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18382 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB18410 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB18410 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB18410 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18410 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18424 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18424 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18428 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB18428 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18448 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18449 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18449 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB18449 GO:0016769_13174_14 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18449 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18451 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB18464 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB18464 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB18464 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB18464 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB18472 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process GB18509 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB18509 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18509 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB18509 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB18509 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB18519 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB18519 GO:0004518_13174_9 nuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB18519 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18519 GO:0006289_6281_7 nucleotide-excision repair "A DNA repair process in which a small region of the strand surrounding the damage is removed from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Nucleotide excision repair recognizes a wide range of substrates, including damage caused by UV irradiation (pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts) and chemicals (intrastrand cross-links and bulky adducts)." [PMID:10197977] IEA biological_process GB18530 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18530 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function GB18530 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB18542 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18542 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18542 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB18551 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB18551 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB18551 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18551 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB18566 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component GB18566 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB18566 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB18566 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB18566 GO:0006352_6281_14 DNA-dependent transcription, initiation "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:jid, GOC:txnOH, PMID:18280161] IEA biological_process GB18573 GO:0008612_6281_2 peptidyl-lysine modification to hypusine "The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form hypusine, N6-(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)-L-lysine." [GOC:ma, ISBN:0198547684, RESID:AA0116] IEA biological_process GB18587 GO:0005777_3650_6 peroxisome "A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism." [GOC:pm, PMID:9302272, UniProtKB-KW:KW-0576] IEA cellular_component GB18591 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18591 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18593 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function GB18593 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB18593 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB18593 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB18600 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18606 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18606 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB18638 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB18638 GO:0008236_13174_15 serine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function GB18638 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB18638 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB18665 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18665 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB18665 GO:0019205_13174_7 nucleobase-containing compound kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP or GTP, to a nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide or polynucleotide substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB18672 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18672 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18672 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB18672 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18672 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB18687 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18711 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB18711 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB18711 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB18711 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB18716 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB18716 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB18716 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB18716 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB18718 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18722 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function GB18722 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB18736 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18736 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18759 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18759 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB18779 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18779 GO:0006614_6281_14 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane "The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process GB18780 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18780 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18787 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB18787 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB18787 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB18787 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB18803 GO:0008430_13174_3 selenium binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with selenium (Se)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18804 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB18804 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB18804 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB18804 GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB18804 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB18804 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB18811 GO:0008137_13174_11 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol." [EC:1.6.5.3] IEA molecular_function GB18811 GO:0042773_6281_3 ATP synthesis coupled electron transport "The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process GB18811 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB18834 GO:0001522_6281_10 pseudouridine synthesis "The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine within an RNA molecule. This posttranscriptional base modification occurs in tRNA, rRNA, and snRNAs." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB18834 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB18834 GO:0009451_6281_12 RNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an RNA molecule to produce an RNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:1555811337] IEA biological_process GB18834 GO:0009982_13174_10 pseudouridine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RNA uridine = RNA pseudouridine. Conversion of uridine in an RNA molecule to pseudouridine by rotation of the C1'-N-1 glycosidic bond of uridine in RNA to a C1'-C5." [EC:5.4.99.12, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB18853 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB18866 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18876 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB18876 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB18884 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB18884 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB18884 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB18884 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB18884 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB18884 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18885 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB18885 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18909 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18909 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18909 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB18918 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB18918 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB18918 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB18918 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18918 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB18918 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB18918 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB18918 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB18925 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB18925 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process GB18947 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18953 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB18953 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB18961 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB18961 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB18961 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB18961 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB18980 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB18980 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB18980 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB18980 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB19032 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19044 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19044 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19044 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB19049 GO:0000808_3650_2 origin recognition complex "A multisubunit complex that is located at the replication origins of a chromosome." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component GB19049 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB19049 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB19052 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB19052 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process GB19055 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19055 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19055 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB19055 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19055 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB19063 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19067 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19098 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function GB19098 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB19098 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB19110 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB19127 GO:0006506_6281_12 GPI anchor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB19127 GO:0016757_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19127 GO:0031227_3650_9 intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane "Located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component GB19134 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB19134 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19134 GO:0019281_6281_2 L-methionine biosynthetic process from homoserine via O-succinyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including homoserine, via the intermediates O-succinyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB19135 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19136 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB19136 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19136 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19136 GO:0006614_6281_14 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane "The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process GB19136 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB19136 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19138 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB19138 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB19138 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19153 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB19153 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB19153 GO:0015074_6281_4 DNA integration "The process in which a segment of DNA is incorporated into another, usually larger, DNA molecule such as a chromosome." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB19164 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19165 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB19165 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB19165 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB19220 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB19220 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19231 GO:0009007_13174_2 site-specific DNA-methyltransferase (adenine-specific) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA adenine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA 6-methylaminopurine." [EC:2.1.1.72] IEA molecular_function GB19231 GO:0032775_6281_2 DNA methylation on adenine "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to N-6 of adenine in a DNA molecule." [GOC:pf] IEA biological_process GB19249 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19261 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB19266 GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19266 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process GB19266 GO:0033177_3650_11 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, proton-transporting domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and carries out proton transport across a membrane. The proton-transporting domain (F0, V0, or A0) includes integral and peripheral membrane proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component GB19269 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function GB19269 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19272 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB19277 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19287 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB19288 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB19288 GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB19288 GO:0004525_13174_5 ribonuclease III activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA with 5'-phosphomonoesters and 3'-OH termini; makes two staggered cuts in both strands of dsRNA, leaving a 3' overhang of 2 nt." [PMID:11157775, PMID:15242644] IEA molecular_function GB19288 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB19288 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB19294 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19319 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB19319 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB19319 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19319 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19323 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB19323 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB19323 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB19323 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB19329 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19329 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19329 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB19335 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB19335 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19336 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB19336 GO:0007601_6281_5 visual perception "The series of events required for an organism to receive a visual stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Visual stimuli are detected in the form of photons and are processed to form an image." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB19336 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB19340 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19340 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB19361 GO:0008299_6281_12 isoprenoid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB19365 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19367 GO:0004383_13174_4 guanylate cyclase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP = 3',5'-cyclic GMP + diphosphate." [EC:4.6.1.2] IEA molecular_function GB19367 GO:0004590_13174_2 orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + orotidine 5'-phosphate = CO(2) + UMP." [EC:4.1.1.23, RHEA:11599] IEA molecular_function GB19367 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19367 GO:0006182_6281_4 cGMP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyclic GMP, guanosine 3',5'-phosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB19367 GO:0006207_6281_5 'de novo' pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyrimidine nucleobases, 1,3-diazine, organic nitrogenous bases, beginning with the synthesis of a pyrimidine ring from simpler precursors." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716720094] IEA biological_process GB19367 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB19367 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB19367 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process GB19386 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19409 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB19409 GO:0005923_3650_3 tight junction "An occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet; the outer leaflets of the two interacting plasma membranes are seen to be tightly apposed where sealing strands are present. Each sealing strand is composed of a long row of transmembrane adhesion proteins embedded in each of the two interacting plasma membranes." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815332181] IEA cellular_component GB19434 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB19434 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB19434 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB19434 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19434 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB19434 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19439 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB19439 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB19439 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process GB19439 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19440 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19445 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB19445 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB19445 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB19445 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB19451 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB19451 GO:0006306_6281_11 DNA methylation "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine." [GOC:ems, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB19454 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB19458 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB19466 GO:0007218_6281_7 neuropeptide signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a peptide neurotransmitter binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process GB19466 GO:0008255_13174_1 ecdysis-triggering hormone activity "The action characteristic of ecdysis-triggering hormone, a peptide hormone that, upon receptor binding, initiates pre-ecdysis and ecdysis (i.e. cuticle shedding) through direct action on the central nervous system." [GOC:mah, PMID:9020043] IEA molecular_function GB19466 GO:0018990_6281_1 ecdysis, chitin-based cuticle "The shedding of the old chitin-based cuticlar fragments during the molting cycle. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GOC:bf, GOC:mtg_sensu] IEA biological_process GB19470 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB19470 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB19470 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19472 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB19496 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19496 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19496 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB19521 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB19521 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19535 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB19535 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB19535 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB19535 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB19535 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB19535 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB19537 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB19537 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19537 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB19537 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB19555 GO:0009228_6281_1 thiamine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thiamine (vitamin B1), a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver." [CHEBI:18385, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB19562 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB19562 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB19562 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19567 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB19567 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB19567 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB19577 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19577 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19597 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB19597 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB19615 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19617 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19617 GO:0030151_13174_4 molybdenum ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with molybdenum (Mo) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19617 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19620 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19628 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB19628 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB19628 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19641 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19641 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB19647 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB19647 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB19650 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19679 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB19679 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process GB19691 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB19691 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB19703 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB19703 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB19703 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB19703 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB19721 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19721 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19721 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19764 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19768 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB19768 GO:0008603_13174_6 cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity "Modulation of the activity of the enzyme cAMP-dependent protein kinase." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19814 GO:0000213_13174_2 tRNA-intron endonuclease activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of pre-tRNA, producing 5'-hydroxyl and 2',3'-cyclic phosphate termini, and specifically removing the intron." [EC:3.1.27.9] IEA molecular_function GB19814 GO:0006388_6281_3 tRNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation "Splicing of tRNA substrates via recognition of the folded RNA structure that brings the 5' and 3' splice sites into proximity and cleavage of the RNA at both the 3' and 5' splice sites by an endonucleolytic mechanism, followed by ligation of the exons." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897, PMID:9582290] IEA biological_process GB19842 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19848 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19848 GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component GB19848 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process GB19848 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB19848 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB19856 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB19856 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function GB19856 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB19881 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19881 GO:0008017_13174_2 microtubule binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with microtubules, filaments composed of tubulin monomers." [GOC:krc] IEA molecular_function GB19894 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB19899 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB19899 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19932 GO:0005272_13174_9 sodium channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a sodium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB19932 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB19932 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB19944 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB19944 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19944 GO:0006614_6281_14 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane "The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process GB19963 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB19963 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB19963 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19971 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB19971 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB19971 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB19972 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process GB19978 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB19978 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB19978 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB19978 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB19985 GO:0008745_13174_6 N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain bacterial cell-wall glycopeptides." [EC:3.5.1.28] IEA molecular_function GB19985 GO:0009253_6281_6 peptidoglycan catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptidoglycans, any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls." [http://www.dsmz.de/species/murein.htm, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB19998 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB19998 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB19998 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB19998 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB20009 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB20009 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB20009 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB20009 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB20009 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB20016 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB20016 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB20016 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB20016 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB20022 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB20040 GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB20040 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB20051 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB20051 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB20091 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB20132 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB20135 GO:0001522_6281_10 pseudouridine synthesis "The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine within an RNA molecule. This posttranscriptional base modification occurs in tRNA, rRNA, and snRNAs." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB20135 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB20135 GO:0009451_6281_12 RNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an RNA molecule to produce an RNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:1555811337] IEA biological_process GB20135 GO:0009982_13174_10 pseudouridine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RNA uridine = RNA pseudouridine. Conversion of uridine in an RNA molecule to pseudouridine by rotation of the C1'-N-1 glycosidic bond of uridine in RNA to a C1'-C5." [EC:5.4.99.12, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB20153 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30005 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30005 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB30005 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30007 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30008 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB30008 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB30008 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30008 GO:0006605_6281_5 protein targeting "The process of targeting specific proteins to particular membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process GB30008 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30008 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process GB30008 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30008 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30008 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB30008 GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30012 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30012 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30014_2 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB30014_2 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30014 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB30014 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30015 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30019 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30021 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30021 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB30022 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30022 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30022 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30022 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30024 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30024 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process GB30025 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30026 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30026 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB30026 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30028 GO:0005179_13174_9 hormone activity "The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30028 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30028 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30029 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30031_2 GO:0004499_13174_4 N,N-dimethylaniline monooxygenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O." [EC:1.14.13.8] IEA molecular_function GB30031_2 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30031_2 GO:0050661_13174_10 NADP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NADP+, or the reduced form, NADPH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30031_2 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB30031_3 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB30031_3 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30031 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB30031 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30032 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB30032 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB30032 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB30032 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30032 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB30032 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30033 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB30033 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30033 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30033 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30033 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30033 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB30033 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30033 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB30035 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30035 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30035 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30035 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30037 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30037 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30037 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30037 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30038 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30038 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30038 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30038 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30042 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30045 GO:0008146_13174_13 sulfotransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate." [EC:2.8.2, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function GB30047 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30047 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30049 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30049 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB30050 GO:0004594_13174_3 pantothenate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pantothenate = ADP + D-4'-phosphopantothenate." [EC:2.7.1.33] IEA molecular_function GB30050 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30050 GO:0015937_6281_4 coenzyme A biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB30053 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30056 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30056 GO:0016798_13174_3 hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any glycosyl bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30062 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30062 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30062 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB30064 GO:0005201_13174_6 extracellular matrix structural constituent "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB30064 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30064 GO:0005581_3650_5 collagen "Any of the various assemblies in which collagen chains form a left-handed triple helix; may assemble into higher order structures." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0721639976] IEA cellular_component GB30065 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30065 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB30066 GO:0016831_13174_13 carboxy-lyase activity "Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound." [http://www.mercksource.com/] IEA molecular_function GB30066 GO:0019752_6281_11 carboxylic acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30066 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30067 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB30067 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB30067 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB30067 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30067 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB30067 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30068 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30068 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB30069 GO:0015105_13174_2 arsenite transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of arsenite from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30069 GO:0015137_13174_2 citrate transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate, from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30069 GO:0015746_6281_2 citrate transport "The directed movement of citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process GB30069 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30069 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB30070_2 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function GB30070_2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30070_2 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30070_2 GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30070_2 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30070 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30070 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30071 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30073 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30073 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30073 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30073 GO:0018024_13174_10 histone-lysine N-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives." [EC:2.1.1.43, RESID:AA0074, RESID:AA0075, RESID:AA0076] IEA molecular_function GB30073 GO:0034968_6281_4 histone lysine methylation "The modification of a histone by addition of a methyl group to a lysine residue." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30074 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB30074 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB30074 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB30074 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30074 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30074 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB30074 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30074 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process GB30075 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30077 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30077 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30077 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30077 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30077 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30077 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30079 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30080 GO:0004872_13174_13 receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30080 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process GB30080 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30082 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30083 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30083 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30083 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB30083 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30083 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30084 GO:0004649_13174_3 poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of poly(ADP-ribose) at glycosidic (1''-2') linkage of ribose-ribose bond to produce free ADP-ribose." [EC:3.2.1.143] IEA molecular_function GB30084 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30086 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30086 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30086 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30090 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30090 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB30092 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30092 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30092 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30092 GO:0006352_6281_14 DNA-dependent transcription, initiation "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:jid, GOC:txnOH, PMID:18280161] IEA biological_process GB30092 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30093 GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function GB30093 GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30093 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30094 GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function GB30094 GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30094 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30095 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30097 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30097 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB30097 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB30098 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30098 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30099 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30099 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30099 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30099 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30099 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30100 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB30100 GO:0016769_13174_14 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30100 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30101 GO:0004872_13174_13 receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30101 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30101 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30101 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB30101 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process GB30101 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30102 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30103 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30103 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30103 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB30103 GO:0030414_13174_13 peptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30103 GO:0031424_6281_13 keratinization "The process in which the cytoplasm of the outermost cells of the vertebrate epidermis is replaced by keratin. Keratinization occurs in the stratum corneum, feathers, hair, claws, nails, hooves, and horns." [GOC:dph, GOC:ebc, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process GB30105 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30105 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30105 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30105 GO:0046907_6281_7 intracellular transport "The directed movement of substances within a cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30106 GO:0046907_6281_7 intracellular transport "The directed movement of substances within a cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30107 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30107 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30107 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30107 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30108 GO:0004129_13174_11 cytochrome-c oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O." [EC:1.9.3.1] IEA molecular_function GB30108 GO:0005739_3650_12 mitochondrion "A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30109 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30109 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB30110 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30110 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function GB30110 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30110 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30110 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30110 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process GB30110 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30111 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30111 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30111 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30111 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30111 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30111 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30112 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30112 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30114 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30114 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30114 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30114 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30116 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30116 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30116 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30116 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30117 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30117 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30117 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30117 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30118 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30118 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30118 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30118 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30119 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30119 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30119 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30119 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30120 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30120 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30120 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30120 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30122 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30122 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30122 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30122 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30122 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30122 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30123 GO:0005179_13174_9 hormone activity "The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30123 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30123 GO:0009416_6281_1 response to light stimulus "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0582227089] IEA biological_process GB30125 GO:0006835_6281_8 dicarboxylic acid transport "The directed movement of dicarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process GB30125 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30125 GO:0017153_13174_8 sodium:dicarboxylate symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dicarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = dicarboxylate(in) + Na+(in)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30126 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30126 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30126 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30126 GO:0005667_3650_10 transcription factor complex "A protein complex, distinct from RNA polymerase, that associates with DNA at promoters or at cis-acting regulatory sequences, by direct binding or by interaction with other DNA-binding polypeptides or complexes, and regulates transcription." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component GB30126 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30126 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30126 GO:0007179_6281_7 transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process GB30127 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB30127 GO:0003689_13174_6 DNA clamp loader activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the opening of the ring structure of the PCNA complex, or any of the related sliding clamp complexes, and their closing around the DNA duplex." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:16082778] IEA molecular_function GB30127 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30127 GO:0005663_3650_6 DNA replication factor C complex "A complex of five polypeptides in eukaryotes, and two in prokaryotes, that loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA, thereby permitting processive DNA synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase." [PMID:14614842, PMID:14646196, PMID:16172520] IEA cellular_component GB30127 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30127 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB30128 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30128 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30132 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30132 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30132 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30132 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30134 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30134 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30134 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30134 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30135 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30135 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30135 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30135 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30136 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30136 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30136 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30136 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30137 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30137 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30137 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30137 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30138 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30139 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30139 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30139 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30139 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB30140 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function GB30140 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30141 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30141 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30141 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30141 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30141 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30142 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB30142 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30142 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30142 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function GB30142 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30142 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30142 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30142 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB30144 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30144 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30144 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30144 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30144 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30145 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30145 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30145 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30145 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30148 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30148 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30148 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30148 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30148 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30148 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process GB30148 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30149 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30149 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30149 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB30149 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30149 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB30150 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30150 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30150 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30151 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30151 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30151 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30151 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30152 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30152 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30152 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30152 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30153 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30153 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30153 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30153 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30154 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30154 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30154 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30154 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30155 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30155 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30155 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30155 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30156 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30156 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30156 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30156 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30158 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30158 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30158 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30158 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30160 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30160 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30160 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30160 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30162 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30162 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process GB30163 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB30163 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30165 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB30165 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30165 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30165 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30165 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30165 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30166 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30166 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30166 GO:0006306_6281_11 DNA methylation "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine." [GOC:ems, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30166 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30167 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB30167 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30167 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process GB30168 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30168 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30168 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30168 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30174 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30174 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30174 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30174 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30175 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30175 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30175 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30175 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30176 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30176 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30176 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30176 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30178 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30178 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30178 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30178 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30185 GO:0000156_13174_3 two-component response regulator activity "Responds to a two-component sensor to initiate a change in cell state or activity. The activity of the response regulator is regulated by transfer of a phosphate from a histidine residue in the sensor, to an aspartate residue in the response regulator. Many but not all response regulators act as transcriptional regulators to elicit a response." [GOC:bf, PMID:10966457, PMID:11842140] IEA molecular_function GB30185 GO:0000160_6281_6 two-component signal transduction system (phosphorelay) "A conserved series of molecular signals found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; involves autophosphorylation of a histidine kinase and the transfer of the phosphate group to an aspartate that then acts as a phospho-donor to response regulator proteins." [PMID:9191038] IEA biological_process GB30185 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30185 GO:0004114_13174_10 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside 5'-phosphate." [EC:3.1.4.17] IEA molecular_function GB30185 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30185 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30185 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB30186_2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30186 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30187 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30187 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30187 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30187 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30189 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30189 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30189 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30189 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30189 GO:0016602_3650_2 CCAAT-binding factor complex "A heteromeric transcription factor complex that binds to the CCAAT-box upstream of promoters; in Saccharomyces it activates the transcription of genes in response to growth in a nonfermentable carbon source; consists of four known subunits: HAP2, HAP3, HAP4 and HAP5." [PMID:7828851] IEA cellular_component GB30190 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30190 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30193 GO:0000123_3650_2 histone acetyltransferase complex "A protein complex that possesses histone acetyltransferase activity." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component GB30193 GO:0003712_13174_7 transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a regulatory transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function GB30193 GO:0003713_13174_4 transcription coactivator activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a activating transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function GB30193 GO:0004402_13174_4 histone acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone = CoA + acetyl-histone." [EC:2.3.1.48] IEA molecular_function GB30193 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30193 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30193 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30193 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30193 GO:0016573_6281_2 histone acetylation "The modification of a histone by the addition of an acetyl group." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30195 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30197 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30197 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30197 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30197 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30198 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30198 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30198 GO:0007219_6281_4 Notch signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process GB30198 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process GB30198 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30198 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30198 GO:0030154_6281_4 cell differentiation "The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30198 GO:0050793_6281_2 regulation of developmental process "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB30199 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30199 GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component GB30199 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process GB30199 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30199 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30201 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30201 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30201 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30201 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30205 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30205 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30206 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30207 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30207 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30207 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30209 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30209 GO:0006520_6281_15 cellular amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33709, GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30210 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB30210 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30213 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30213 GO:0004427_13174_7 inorganic diphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + H(2)O = H(+) + 2 phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.1, RHEA:24579] IEA molecular_function GB30213 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30213 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB30213 GO:0006796_6281_7 phosphate-containing compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the phosphate group, the anion or salt of any phosphoric acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30214 GO:0001104_13174_10 RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function GB30214 GO:0006357_6281_13 regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30214 GO:0016592_3650_10 mediator complex "A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins." [PMID:11454195, PMID:16168358, PMID:17870225] IEA cellular_component GB30215 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30215 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30215 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30215 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30215 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30216 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30216 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30216 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30216 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30217 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30217 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30218 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30218 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30218 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB30218 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30218 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB30219 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB30219 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30219 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB30219 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30222 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB30222 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB30222 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30222 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB30222 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component GB30223 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30223 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30223 GO:0043169_13174_10 cation binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cations, charged atoms or groups of atoms with a net positive charge." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30225 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30226 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30226 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function GB30226 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30226 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30226 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30226 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process GB30226 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30227_2 GO:0004096_13174_3 catalase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 hydrogen peroxide = O2 + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.6] IEA molecular_function GB30227_2 GO:0006979_6281_14 response to oxidative stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] IEA biological_process GB30227_2 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30227_2 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB30227 GO:0004096_13174_3 catalase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 hydrogen peroxide = O2 + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.6] IEA molecular_function GB30227 GO:0006979_6281_14 response to oxidative stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] IEA biological_process GB30227 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30227 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB30228 GO:0006952_6281_4 defense response "Reactions, triggered in response to the presence of a foreign body or the occurrence of an injury, which result in restriction of damage to the organism attacked or prevention/recovery from the infection caused by the attack." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB30233 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30233 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function GB30233 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB30233 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30233 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30233 GO:0030288_3650_9 outer membrane-bounded periplasmic space "The region between the inner (cytoplasmic or plasma) membrane and outer membrane of organisms with two membranes such as Gram negative bacteria. These periplasmic spaces are relatively thick and contain a thin cell wall." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] IEA cellular_component GB30234 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30234 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30234 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30235 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30235 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30235 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB30235 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30235 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB30236 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30236 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30236 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30237 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB30237 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30237 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30237 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30237 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB30238 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30238 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30239 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB30239 GO:0003712_13174_7 transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a regulatory transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function GB30239 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30239 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30239 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30239 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GB30239 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process GB30241 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB30241 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB30241 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB30241 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30241 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB30241 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30245 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30245 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30245 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30245 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30247 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30247 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30248 GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function GB30248 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function GB30248 GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process GB30248 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB30248 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30248 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30249 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30251 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30251 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30251 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30251 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30252 GO:0005184_13174_4 neuropeptide hormone activity "The action characteristic of a neuropeptide hormone, any peptide hormone that acts in the central nervous system. A neuropeptide is any of several types of molecules found in brain tissue, composed of short chains of amino acids; they include endorphins, enkephalins, vasopressin, and others. They are often localized in axon terminals at synapses and are classified as putative neurotransmitters, although some are also hormones." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB30253 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB30253 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30253 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30253 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30253 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30253 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB30255 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30255 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30255 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30255 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30256 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB30256 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30260 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30260 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30260 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30260 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30261 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30261 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30261 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30261 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30263 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30263 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30263 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30263 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30264 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30264 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30264 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30264 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30265 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB30265 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30265 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30265 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30265 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30267 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function GB30267 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB30267 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30268 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30269 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30269 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30271 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30271 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30271 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30271 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30272 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30272 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30272 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30272 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30274 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30274 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30274 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30274 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30275 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30275 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30275 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30275 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30276 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30276 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30276 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30276 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30277 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30277 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30277 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30277 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30278 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30278 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30278 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30278 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30279 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30279 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30279 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30279 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30280 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30280 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30280 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30280 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30281 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30281 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30281 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30281 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30282 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30282 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30282 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30282 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30283 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30283 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30283 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30283 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30283 GO:0016831_13174_13 carboxy-lyase activity "Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound." [http://www.mercksource.com/] IEA molecular_function GB30284 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30284 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30284 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30284 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30286 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30286 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30286 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30286 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30286 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30286 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30287 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30287 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30287 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30287 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30289_2 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB30289_2 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30289_2 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30289_2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30289_2 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30289_2 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30289_2 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB30289 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30289 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB30289 GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30289 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30289 GO:0004525_13174_5 ribonuclease III activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA with 5'-phosphomonoesters and 3'-OH termini; makes two staggered cuts in both strands of dsRNA, leaving a 3' overhang of 2 nt." [PMID:11157775, PMID:15242644] IEA molecular_function GB30289 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30289 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30289 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30289 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30289 GO:0016891_13174_3 endoribonuclease activity, producing 5'-phosphomonoesters "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 5'-phosphomonoesters." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30290 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30290 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB30290 GO:0019001_13174_8 guanyl nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with guanyl nucleotides, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30291 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30291 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30291 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30291 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30292 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30292 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30293 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30293 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB30293 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB30294 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30294 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30294 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30294 GO:0006367_6281_13 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30294 GO:0045893_6281_4 positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30297_2 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB30297_2 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30297_2 GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30297_2 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30297 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB30297 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30298 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30298 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function GB30298 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30298 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30298 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30298 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process GB30298 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30300 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function GB30300 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30300 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30300 GO:0007010_6281_12 cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30301 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30301 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function GB30301 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30302 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30302 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function GB30302 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30303 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30303 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30304 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30304 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30304 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30306 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB30306 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30306 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30306 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30306 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30306 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30306 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30306 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB30308 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30308 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30308 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30308 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30309 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30309 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30310 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB30310 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30310 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30310 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30314 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB30314 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB30314 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB30314 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30314 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30314 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB30314 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30315 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30317 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30317 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30317 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB30317 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30317 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB30318 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30319 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process GB30319 GO:0016272_3650_9 prefoldin complex "A multisubunit chaperone that acts to delivers unfolded proteins to cytosolic chaperonin. In humans, the complex is a heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha and four PFD-beta type subunits." [GOC:jl, PMID:17384227, PMID:9630229] IEA cellular_component GB30319 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30320 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30320 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30321 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30321 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30322 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB30322 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB30322 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB30322 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30322 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB30322 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30323 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30323 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30323 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30323 GO:0018024_13174_10 histone-lysine N-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives." [EC:2.1.1.43, RESID:AA0074, RESID:AA0075, RESID:AA0076] IEA molecular_function GB30325 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30325 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30325 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30325 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30326 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30326 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB30326 GO:0008484_13174_9 sulfuric ester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RSO-R' + H2O = RSOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any sulfuric ester bond, any ester formed from sulfuric acid, O=SO(OH)2." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30327 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30327 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30329 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30329 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB30329 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30329 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30329 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30329 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30329 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process GB30329 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component GB30329 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30330 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30330 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30330 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30330 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30331 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function GB30331 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30331 GO:0006915_6281_8 apoptotic process "A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathways) which typically lead to rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. The process ends when the cell has died. The process is divided into a signaling pathway phase and into an execution phase, which is triggered by the former." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:18846107, PMID:21494263] IEA biological_process GB30331 GO:0008234_13174_15 cysteine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function GB30333 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30334 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30335 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30337 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30340 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component GB30341 GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB30341 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30341 GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30341 GO:0046873_13174_9 metal ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of metal ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30341 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB30342 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30342 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30342 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30342 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30345 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30345 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30345 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30345 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30346 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30346 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30346 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30346 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30347 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30347 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30347 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30347 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30349 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30349 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30349 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30350 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30350 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30352 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30353 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30353 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30353 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30353 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30353 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30354 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30354 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30354 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30354 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30354 GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process GB30354 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30358 GO:0008440_13174_5 inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.127, RHEA:11023] IEA molecular_function GB30359 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30361 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30361 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30361 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB30361 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30361 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB30362 GO:0005344_13174_7 oxygen transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of oxygen into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30362 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30363 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30364 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30364 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30365 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30366 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30367 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30371 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30371 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30372 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30373 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30373 GO:0005179_13174_9 hormone activity "The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30373 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30373 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30373 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30373 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30375 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30375 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB30375 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB30376 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30376 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB30377 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB30377 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30378 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30378 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function GB30378 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30379 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30379 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function GB30379 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30380 GO:0005319_13174_12 lipid transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30380 GO:0006869_6281_13 lipid transport "The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30381 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30381 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30381 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30383 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30383 GO:0008897_13174_1 holo-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: CoA + substrate-serine = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + substrate-serine-4'-phosphopantetheine. The transfer of the 4'-phosphopantetheine (Ppant) co-factor from coenzyme A to the hydroxyl side chain of the serine residue of acyl- or peptidyl-carrier protein (ACP or PCP) to convert them from the apo to the holo form." [EC:2.7.8.7, PMID:10320345, PMID:11867633, PMID:8939709] IEA molecular_function GB30383 GO:0009059_6281_1 macromolecule biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [CHEBI:33694, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30384 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30384 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30384 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30384 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30385 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB30385 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30385 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30385 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB30385 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30385 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB30385 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB30387 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30387 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30387 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30387 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30387 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30387 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30389 GO:0008830_13174_2 dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucose = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-L-mannose." [EC:5.1.3.13, RHEA:16972] IEA molecular_function GB30389 GO:0009103_6281_4 lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipopolysaccharides, any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30390 GO:0008879_13174_2 glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + dTTP = diphosphate + dTDP-glucose." [EC:2.7.7.24, RHEA:15228] IEA molecular_function GB30390 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB30390 GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30390 GO:0045226_6281_6 extracellular polysaccharide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides used in extracellular structures." [GOC:ai, GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB30392 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30392 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30392 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component GB30392 GO:0007021_6281_6 tubulin complex assembly "The aggregation and bonding together of alpha- and beta-tubulin to form a tubulin heterodimer." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30392 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30392 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30392 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30393 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB30393 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30393 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30393 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB30397 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30397 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30397 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30397 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30399 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30399 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB30402 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30402 GO:0003909_13174_3 DNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of a phosphodiester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group at the end of one DNA chain and the 5'-phosphate group at the end of another. This reaction requires an energy source such as ATP or NAD+." [ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function GB30402 GO:0003910_13174_5 DNA ligase (ATP) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + deoxyribonucleotide(n) + deoxyribonucleotide(m) = AMP + diphosphate + deoxyribonucleotide(n+m)." [EC:6.5.1.1] IEA molecular_function GB30402 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30402 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30402 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process GB30402 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30402 GO:0051103_6281_3 DNA ligation involved in DNA repair "The re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase, that contributes to DNA repair." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30404 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30404 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30405 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB30405 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30408 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30408 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30408 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30408 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30410 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30410 GO:0006614_6281_14 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane "The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process GB30412 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30413 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30413 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB30416 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30417 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30419 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30420 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB30420 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30426 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30426 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30426 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30426 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30439 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30439 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30439 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30439 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30441 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30441 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30441 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30441 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30444 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30444 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30444 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30444 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30445 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30445 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30445 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30445 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30446 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30446 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30446 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30446 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30450 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30450 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30450 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30450 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30450 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30450 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30451 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30451 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30451 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30451 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30452 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30452 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30452 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30452 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30454 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30454 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30454 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30454 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30455 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30455 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30455 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30455 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30456 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30456 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30456 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30456 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30457 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30457 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30457 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30457 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30458_2 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function GB30458_2 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function GB30458_2 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process GB30458_2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30460 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30460 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB30460 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30462 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30462 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30463_2 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB30463_2 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30463 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process GB30463 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30471 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30471 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30471 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30471 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30471 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30471 GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30478 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30483 GO:0004857_13174_6 enzyme inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30483 GO:0005739_3650_12 mitochondrion "A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30483 GO:0045980_6281_2 negative regulation of nucleotide metabolic process "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotides." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process GB30484 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB30484 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30484 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30484 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30484 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB30485 GO:0007010_6281_12 cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30485 GO:0016012_3650_4 sarcoglycan complex "A protein complex formed of four sarcoglycans plus sarcospan; there are six known sarcoglycans: alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-sarcoglycan; all are N-glycosylated single-pass transmembrane proteins. The sarcoglycan-sarcospan complex is a subcomplex of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex, and is fixed to the dystrophin axis by a lateral association with the dystroglycan complex." [PMID:15117830, PMID:16710609] IEA cellular_component GB30485 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30489 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB30489 GO:0009435_6281_3 NAD biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; biosynthesis may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0618254153] IEA biological_process GB30489 GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30492_2 GO:0004177_13174_10 aminopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal amino acid residues from in a polypeptide chain." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30492_2 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30492_2 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30492 GO:0004177_13174_10 aminopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal amino acid residues from in a polypeptide chain." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30492 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30492 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30493_2 GO:0000151_3650_13 ubiquitin ligase complex "A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex." [PMID:9529603] IEA cellular_component GB30493_2 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function GB30493_2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30493_2 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30493_2 GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30504 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB30504 GO:0003689_13174_6 DNA clamp loader activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the opening of the ring structure of the PCNA complex, or any of the related sliding clamp complexes, and their closing around the DNA duplex." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:16082778] IEA molecular_function GB30504 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30504 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30504 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30504 GO:0005663_3650_6 DNA replication factor C complex "A complex of five polypeptides in eukaryotes, and two in prokaryotes, that loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA, thereby permitting processive DNA synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase." [PMID:14614842, PMID:14646196, PMID:16172520] IEA cellular_component GB30504 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30504 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB30506 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30506 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process GB30506 GO:0006950_6281_6 response to stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30506 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30507 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30507 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30507 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30507 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30507 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30507 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30507 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30507 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30507 GO:0016817_13174_10 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30507 GO:0016818_13174_12 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30508 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30508 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30508 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30508 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30509_2 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30509_2 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function GB30509_2 GO:0016539_6281_1 intein-mediated protein splicing "The removal of an internal amino acid sequence (an intein) from a protein during protein maturation; the excision of inteins is precise and the N- and C-terminal exteins are joined by a normal peptide bond. Protein splicing involves 4 nucleophilic displacements by the 3 conserved splice junction residues." [GOC:ma, http://www.neb.com/neb/inteins.html] IEA biological_process GB30509 GO:0007267_6281_4 cell-cell signaling "Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30509 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process GB30510 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30511_2 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30511_2 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30511_2 GO:0043169_13174_10 cation binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cations, charged atoms or groups of atoms with a net positive charge." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30511_3 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB30511_3 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30511 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30511 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30511 GO:0043169_13174_10 cation binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cations, charged atoms or groups of atoms with a net positive charge." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30513_2 GO:0004435_13174_8 phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H(2)O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + H(+)." [EC:3.1.4.11, RHEA:23915] IEA molecular_function GB30513_2 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30513_2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30513_2 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process GB30513_2 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB30513_2 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function GB30513_2 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process GB30513 GO:0004435_13174_8 phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H(2)O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + H(+)." [EC:3.1.4.11, RHEA:23915] IEA molecular_function GB30513 GO:0004629_13174_12 phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phospholipid + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + a phosphatidate." [EC:3.1.4.3, EC:3.1.4.4, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB30513 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process GB30513 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process GB30513 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function GB30513 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process GB30514 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30515 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB30515 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30515 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30515 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30515 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30515 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30518 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30518 GO:0008324_13174_13 cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of cation from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:dgf, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB30518 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30518 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB30520_2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30520_2 GO:0006364_6281_13 rRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process GB30520_2 GO:0032040_3650_5 small-subunit processome "A large ribonucleoprotein complex that is an early preribosomal complex. In S. cerevisiae, it has a size of 80S and consists of the 35S pre-rRNA, early-associating ribosomal proteins most of which are part of the small ribosomal subunit, the U3 snoRNA and associated proteins." [PMID:12068309, PMID:12957375, PMID:15120992, PMID:15590835] IEA cellular_component GB30520 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30528_2 GO:0006904_6281_12 vesicle docking involved in exocytosis "The initial attachment of a vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane, that contributes to exocytosis." [GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB30528_2 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process GB30528 GO:0006904_6281_12 vesicle docking involved in exocytosis "The initial attachment of a vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane, that contributes to exocytosis." [GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB30528 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process GB30529 GO:0003995_13174_10 acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor." [EC:1.3.99.3] IEA molecular_function GB30529 GO:0003997_13174_3 acyl-CoA oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + O2 = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + hydrogen peroxide." [EC:1.3.3.6] IEA molecular_function GB30529 GO:0005777_3650_6 peroxisome "A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism." [GOC:pm, PMID:9302272, UniProtKB-KW:KW-0576] IEA cellular_component GB30529 GO:0006631_6281_5 fatty acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB30529 GO:0006635_6281_4 fatty acid beta-oxidation "A fatty acid oxidation process that results in the complete oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and occurs by successive cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A; the cycle continues until only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732, MetaCyc:FAO-PWY] IEA biological_process GB30529 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB30529 GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30529 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30529 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GB30530_2 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process GB30530_2 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30533 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30533 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30533 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30540_2 GO:0005086_13174_7 ARF guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with the GTPase ARF. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function GB30540_2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30540_2 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30540_2 GO:0032012_6281_7 regulation of ARF protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ARF protein signal transduction." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30540 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30541_2 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30541_2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30541_2 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30541_2 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process GB30541 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30541 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30541 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30541 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30542 GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB30543 GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function GB30548 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30549 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30550 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30551_2 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30551_2 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GB30551_2 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30551 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB30551 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB30551 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB30551 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30551 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB30551 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30553 GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function GB30553 GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process GB30553 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30555_2 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function GB30555_2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30556 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function GB30556 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30556 GO:0008271_13174_3 secondary active sulfate transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the secondary active transfer of sulfate from one side of the membrane to the other. Secondary active transport is catalysis of the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport] IEA molecular_function GB30556 GO:0008272_6281_3 sulfate transport "The directed movement of sulfate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process GB30556 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30556 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30556 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GB30557 GO:0005787_3650_4 signal peptidase complex "A protein complex that is located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and cleaves the signal sequence from precursor proteins following their transport out of the cytoplasmic space." [GOC:sgd_curators, PMID:1846444, PMID:7615509] IEA cellular_component GB30557 GO:0006465_6281_5 signal peptide processing "The proteolytic removal of a signal peptide from a protein during or after transport to a specific location in the cell." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process GB30557 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function GB30557 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GB30560 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function GB30560 GO:0006366_6281_4 transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter. Includes transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) and certain small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs)." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH, ISBN:0321000382] IEA biological_process GB30562 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30563 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30567 GO:0005272_13174_9 sodium channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a sodium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GB30567 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30567 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30574 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function GB30574 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process GB30574 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30574 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30579_2 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB30579_2 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB30579_2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GB30579_2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30579_2 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB30579_2 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30579 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GB30579 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GB30579 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GB30579 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30579 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GB30579 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30580_2 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30580_2 GO:0006614_6281_14 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane "The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process GB30580 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB30580 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30580 GO:0006614_6281_14 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane "The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process GB30580 GO:0008312_13174_6 7S RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 7S RNA, the RNA component of the signal recognition particle (SRP)." [GOC:jl, PMID:6181418] IEA molecular_function GB30580 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function GB30580 GO:0048500_3650_6 signal recognition particle "A complex of protein and RNA which facilitates translocation of proteins across membranes." [GOC:mlg] IEA cellular_component GB30582_2 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30583 GO:0000176_3650_2 nuclear exosome (RNase complex) "Complex of 3'-5' exoribonucleases found in the nucleus." [PMID:10465791] IEA cellular_component GB30583 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30583 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component GB30583 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GB30583 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GB30583 GO:0008408_13174_6 3'-5' exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' end." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GB30585_2 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30595 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function GB30595 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GB30595 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GB30595 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GB30595 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function gbb GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function gbb GO:0040007_6281_3 growth "The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell." [GOC:bf, GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Gbeta5 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GC GO:0008488_13174_1 gamma-glutamyl carboxylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-glutamate + reduced vitamin K + CO2 + O2 = peptidyl-gamma-carboxyglutamate + vitamin K epoxide." [PMID:18374194] IEA molecular_function GC GO:0017187_6281_1 peptidyl-glutamic acid carboxylation "The gamma-carboxylation of peptidyl-glutamic acid; catalyzed by the vitamin K dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase." [RESID:AA0032] IEA biological_process GckIII GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function GckIII GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function GckIII GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function GckIII GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GckIII GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process GckIII GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function gcl GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Gdch GO:0003995_13174_10 acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor." [EC:1.3.99.3] IEA molecular_function Gdch GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Gdch GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Gdch GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Gdch GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Gdh GO:0006520_6281_15 cellular amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33709, GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Gdh GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Gdh GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Ge-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function gek GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function gek GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function gek GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function gek GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function gek GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function gek GO:0005083_13174_8 small GTPase regulator activity "Modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a small monomeric GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function gek GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function gek GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function gek GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process gek GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process gek GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process gek GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function gek GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Gem3 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Gem3 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gem3 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gem3 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function geminin GO:0008156_6281_1 negative regulation of DNA replication "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Gfat2 GO:0004360_13174_1 glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase (isomerizing) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate + L-glutamine = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + L-glutamate." [EC:2.6.1.16, RHEA:13240] IEA molecular_function Gfat2 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Gfat2 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Gfat2 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Gfat2 GO:0016051_6281_1 carbohydrate biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Gfr GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Gga GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Gga GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Gga GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Gga GO:0030131_3650_9 clathrin adaptor complex "A membrane coat adaptor complex that links clathrin to a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Gga GO:0044431_3650_2 Golgi apparatus part "Any constituent part of the Golgi apparatus, a compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack." [GOC:jl] IEA cellular_component Ggamma1 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ggamma1 GO:0005834_3650_5 heterotrimeric G-protein complex "Any of a family of heterotrimeric GTP-binding and hydrolyzing proteins; they belong to a superfamily of GTPases that includes monomeric proteins such as EF-Tu and RAS. Heterotrimeric G-proteins consist of three subunits; the alpha subunit contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and possesses GTPase activity; the beta and gamma subunits are tightly associated and function as a beta-gamma heterodimer; extrinsic plasma membrane proteins (cytoplasmic face) that function as a complex to transduce signals from G-protein coupled receptors to an effector protein." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Ggamma1 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process g GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function g GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function g GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process g GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process g GO:0030117_3650_12 membrane coat "Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component gig GO:0005096_13174_14 GTPase activator activity "Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function gig GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function gig GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function gig GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component gig GO:0043547_6281_1 positive regulation of GTPase activity "Any process that activates or increases the activity of a GTPase." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process gig GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Gint3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function gish GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function gish GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function gish GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function gish GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function gish GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process gish GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GlcAT-I GO:0015018_13174_2 galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucuronate + 3-beta-D-galactosyl-4-beta-D-galactosyl-O-beta-D-xylosylprotein = UDP + 3-beta-D-glucuronosyl-3-beta-D-galactosyl-4-beta-D-galactosyl-O-beta-D-xylosylprotein." [EC:2.4.1.135] IEA molecular_function GlcAT-I GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GlcAT-P GO:0015018_13174_2 galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucuronate + 3-beta-D-galactosyl-4-beta-D-galactosyl-O-beta-D-xylosylprotein = UDP + 3-beta-D-glucuronosyl-3-beta-D-galactosyl-4-beta-D-galactosyl-O-beta-D-xylosylprotein." [EC:2.4.1.135] IEA molecular_function GlcAT-P GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Gld2 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Gld2 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function Gld2 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Gld2 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gld2 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Gld GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Gld GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function Gld GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Gld GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Gld GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gld GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GlnS GO:0004356_13174_2 glutamate-ammonia ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate + ATP + NH(4)(+) = L-glutamine + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate." [EC:6.3.1.2, RHEA:16172] IEA molecular_function GlnS GO:0006542_6281_2 glutamine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GlnS GO:0006807_6281_12 nitrogen compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium." [CHEBI:51143, GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GluCl GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function GluCl GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process GluCl GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process GluCl GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component GluCl GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component GluCl GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Glurb GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function Glurb GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process Glurb GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Glut1 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function Glut1 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Glut1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Glut1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Glut1 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Glut1 GO:0022891_13174_9 substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a specific substance or group of related substances from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Glut1 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process GlyP GO:0004645_13174_1 phosphorylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl(n) + phosphate = 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl(n-1) + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate. The name should be qualified in each instance by adding the name of the natural substrate, e.g. maltodextrin phosphorylase, starch phosphorylase, glycogen phosphorylase." [EC:2.4.1.1] IEA molecular_function GlyP GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GlyP GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gmap GO:0000042_6281_4 protein targeting to Golgi "The process of directing proteins towards the Golgi; usually uses signals contained within the protein." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Gmap GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GMCOX10 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GMCOX10 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function GMCOX10 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX10 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX10 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GMCOX11 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX11 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX11 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GMCOX12 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GMCOX12 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function GMCOX12 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX12 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX12 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GMCOX13 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GMCOX13 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function GMCOX13 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX13 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX13 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GMCOX14 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GMCOX14 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function GMCOX14 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX14 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX14 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GMCOX15 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GMCOX15 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function GMCOX15 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX15 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX15 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GMCOX17 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GMCOX17 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function GMCOX17 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX17 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX17 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GMCOX18 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GMCOX18 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function GMCOX18 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX18 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX18 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GMCOX1 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GMCOX1 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function GMCOX1 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX1 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GMCOX2 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GMCOX2 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function GMCOX2 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX2 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX2 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GMCOX3 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GMCOX3 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function GMCOX3 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX3 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX3 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GMCOX4 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GMCOX4 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function GMCOX4 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX4 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX4 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GMCOX5 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GMCOX5 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function GMCOX5 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX5 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX5 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GMCOX6 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GMCOX6 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function GMCOX6 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX6 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX6 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GMCOX7 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GMCOX7 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function GMCOX7 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX7 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX7 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process GMCOX9 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process GMCOX9 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function GMCOX9 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function GMCOX9 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GMCOX9 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Gmer GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gmer GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Gmer GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gnf1 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Gnf1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Gnf1 GO:0003689_13174_6 DNA clamp loader activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the opening of the ring structure of the PCNA complex, or any of the related sliding clamp complexes, and their closing around the DNA duplex." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:16082778] IEA molecular_function Gnf1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gnf1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Gnf1 GO:0005663_3650_6 DNA replication factor C complex "A complex of five polypeptides in eukaryotes, and two in prokaryotes, that loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA, thereby permitting processive DNA synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase." [PMID:14614842, PMID:14646196, PMID:16172520] IEA cellular_component Gnf1 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Gnf1 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Gos28 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Gos28 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Got2 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Got2 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Got2 GO:0016769_13174_14 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Got2 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gp150 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Gpdh GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Gpdh GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Gpdh GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Gpdh GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Gpdh GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Gprk1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Gprk1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Gprk1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Gprk1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Gprk1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gprk1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Gprk1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gprk1 GO:0038032_6281_14 termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The signaling process in which G-protein coupled receptor signaling is brought to an end. For example, through the action of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that act to accelerate hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on G-alpha proteins, thereby terminating the transduced signal." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process Gprk2 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Gprk2 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Gprk2 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Gprk2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gprk2 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Gprk2 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gprk2 GO:0038032_6281_14 termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The signaling process in which G-protein coupled receptor signaling is brought to an end. For example, through the action of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that act to accelerate hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on G-alpha proteins, thereby terminating the transduced signal." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process gprs GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GPS1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Gr10 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Gr10 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Gr1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Gr1 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Gr2 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Gr2 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Gr3 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Gr3 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Gr7 GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function Gr7 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function Gr7 GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process Gr7 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process Gr7 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Gr7 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Gr7 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Grd GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Grd GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Grd GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Grd GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Grd GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Grd GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Grip75 GO:0000226_6281_11 microtubule cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Grip75 GO:0000922_3650_5 spindle pole "Either of the ends of a spindle, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules." [GOC:clt] IEA cellular_component Grip75 GO:0005815_3650_5 microtubule organizing center "A cytoplasmic structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and that can anchor microtubules by interacting with their minus ends, plus ends or sides." [ISBN:0815316194, PMID:17245416] IEA cellular_component Grip84 GO:0000226_6281_11 microtubule cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Grip84 GO:0000922_3650_5 spindle pole "Either of the ends of a spindle, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules." [GOC:clt] IEA cellular_component Grip84 GO:0005815_3650_5 microtubule organizing center "A cytoplasmic structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and that can anchor microtubules by interacting with their minus ends, plus ends or sides." [ISBN:0815316194, PMID:17245416] IEA cellular_component Grip84 GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function Grip GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function gro GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function grp GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function grp GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function grp GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function grp GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function grp GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process grp GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Grx1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Grx1 GO:0015035_13174_7 protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a protein with reduced sulfide groups = a protein with oxidized disulfide bonds." [MetaCyc:DISULFOXRED-RXN] IEA molecular_function Grx1 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Grx2 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Grx2 GO:0015035_13174_7 protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a protein with reduced sulfide groups = a protein with oxidized disulfide bonds." [MetaCyc:DISULFOXRED-RXN] IEA molecular_function Grx2 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Grx-like1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Grx-like1 GO:0015035_13174_7 protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a protein with reduced sulfide groups = a protein with oxidized disulfide bonds." [MetaCyc:DISULFOXRED-RXN] IEA molecular_function Grx-like1 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Gsc GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Gsc GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Gsc GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Gsc GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Gsc GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function GstD1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GstO1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GstO2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GstS1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GstS3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GstS4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GstT1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GstU1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GstZ1 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function GstZ1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function GstZ1 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component GstZ1 GO:0009072_6281_7 aromatic amino acid family metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process gt GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function gt GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process gt GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function gt GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gtp-bp GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Gtp-bp GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Gtp-bp GO:0005047_13174_1 signal recognition particle binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the signal recognition particle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gtp-bp GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Gtp-bp GO:0005785_3650_1 signal recognition particle receptor complex "A transmembrane heterodimeric protein located in the membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Both subunits contain GTPase domains with which signal recognition particle interacts. In the presence of GTP and SRP receptor, SRP is released from the ribosome-nascent chain complex." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Gtp-bp GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Gtp-bp GO:0006614_6281_14 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane "The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process Gtp-bp GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Gtp-bp GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Gtp-bp GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Gtpx1 GO:0004602_13174_2 glutathione peroxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 glutathione + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized glutathione + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.9] IEA molecular_function Gtpx1 GO:0006979_6281_14 response to oxidative stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] IEA biological_process Gtpx1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Gtpx2 GO:0004602_13174_2 glutathione peroxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 glutathione + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized glutathione + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.9] IEA molecular_function Gtpx2 GO:0006979_6281_14 response to oxidative stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] IEA biological_process Gtpx2 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Gycbeta1 GO:0004383_13174_4 guanylate cyclase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP = 3',5'-cyclic GMP + diphosphate." [EC:4.6.1.2] IEA molecular_function Gycbeta1 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Gycbeta1 GO:0006182_6281_4 cGMP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyclic GMP, guanosine 3',5'-phosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Gycbeta1 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Gycbeta1 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Gycbeta1 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Gycbeta1 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Haspin GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Haspin GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Haspin GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Haspin GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function hay GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function hay GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function hay GO:0004003_13174_7 ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; this reaction drives the unwinding of the DNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function hay GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function hay GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function hay GO:0006289_6281_7 nucleotide-excision repair "A DNA repair process in which a small region of the strand surrounding the damage is removed from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Nucleotide excision repair recognizes a wide range of substrates, including damage caused by UV irradiation (pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts) and chemicals (intrastrand cross-links and bulky adducts)." [PMID:10197977] IEA biological_process hay GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function hay GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Hbg2 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Hbg2 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Hbg2 GO:0043169_13174_10 cation binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cations, charged atoms or groups of atoms with a net positive charge." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Hbg3 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Hbg3 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Hbg3 GO:0043169_13174_10 cation binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cations, charged atoms or groups of atoms with a net positive charge." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Hb GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Hb GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Hb GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hb GO:0031424_6281_13 keratinization "The process in which the cytoplasm of the outermost cells of the vertebrate epidermis is replaced by keratin. Keratinization occurs in the stratum corneum, feathers, hair, claws, nails, hooves, and horns." [GOC:dph, GOC:ebc, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process hbn GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function hbn GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function hbn GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component hbn GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process hbn GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Hcf GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Hcs GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Hcs GO:0004077_13174_1 biotin-[acetyl-CoA-carboxylase] ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + biotin + apo-(acetyl-CoA:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP forming)) = AMP + diphosphate + (acetyl-CoA:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP forming))." [EC:6.3.4.15] IEA molecular_function Hcs GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process HDAC1 GO:0004407_13174_3 histone deacetylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: histone N6-acetyl-L-lysine + H2O = histone L-lysine + acetate. This reaction represents the removal of an acetyl group from a histone, a class of proteins complexed to DNA in chromatin and chromosomes." [EC:3.5.1.-, PMID:9893272] IEA molecular_function HDAC1 GO:0016575_6281_2 histone deacetylation "The modification of histones by removal of acetyl groups." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Hdac3 GO:0004407_13174_3 histone deacetylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: histone N6-acetyl-L-lysine + H2O = histone L-lysine + acetate. This reaction represents the removal of an acetyl group from a histone, a class of proteins complexed to DNA in chromatin and chromosomes." [EC:3.5.1.-, PMID:9893272] IEA molecular_function Hdac3 GO:0016575_6281_2 histone deacetylation "The modification of histones by removal of acetyl groups." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process HDAC4 GO:0000118_3650_1 histone deacetylase complex "A protein complex that possesses histone deacetylase activity." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component HDAC4 GO:0004407_13174_3 histone deacetylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: histone N6-acetyl-L-lysine + H2O = histone L-lysine + acetate. This reaction represents the removal of an acetyl group from a histone, a class of proteins complexed to DNA in chromatin and chromosomes." [EC:3.5.1.-, PMID:9893272] IEA molecular_function HDAC4 GO:0016568_6281_2 chromatin modification "The alteration of DNA, protein, or sometimes RNA, in chromatin, which may result in changing the chromatin structure." [GOC:mah, PMID:20404130] IEA biological_process HDAC6 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hdc GO:0016831_13174_13 carboxy-lyase activity "Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound." [http://www.mercksource.com/] IEA molecular_function Hdc GO:0019752_6281_11 carboxylic acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Hdc GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function HEATR1 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function hem GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function hem GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function hem GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function hem GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function hem GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process hem GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function heph GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function heph GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function heph GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component heph GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process HERC2 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function HERC2 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component HERC2 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process HERC2 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function HERC2 GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process HERC2 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function HERC2 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function HERC2 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hex110 GO:0005344_13174_7 oxygen transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of oxygen into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hex110 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process HEX70b GO:0005344_13174_7 oxygen transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of oxygen into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function HEX70b GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Hex70c GO:0005344_13174_7 oxygen transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of oxygen into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hex70c GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Hexo2 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Hexo2 GO:0004563_13174_3 beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-hexosamine residues in N-acetyl-beta-D-hexosaminides." [EC:3.2.1.52] IEA molecular_function Hexo2 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process h GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function h GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process hgo GO:0004411_13174_2 homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: homogentisate + O(2) = 4-maleylacetoacetate + H(+)." [EC:1.13.11.5, RHEA:15452] IEA molecular_function hgo GO:0006559_6281_3 L-phenylalanine catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylalanine, 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process hgo GO:0006570_6281_2 tyrosine metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process hgo GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process hig GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Hil GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hip14 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Hip14 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hip1 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function Hip1 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Hip1 GO:0005543_13174_2 phospholipid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phospholipids, a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function hipk GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function hipk GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function hipk GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function hipk GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function hipk GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process hipk GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function His2Av GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component His2Av GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function His2Av GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component His2Av GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Hiscl1 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Hiscl1 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Hiscl1 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Hiscl1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Hiscl1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Hiscl1 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Hiscl2 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Hiscl2 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Hiscl2 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Hiscl2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Hiscl2 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Hiscl2 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Hk GO:0005249_13174_12 voltage-gated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Hk GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Hk GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Hlc GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Hlc GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Hlc GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Hlc GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Hmgcr GO:0004420_13174_1 hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-mevalonate + CoA + 2 NADP(+) = (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + 2 H(+) + 2 NADPH." [EC:1.1.1.34, RHEA:15992] IEA molecular_function Hmgcr GO:0005789_3650_10 endoplasmic reticulum membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Hmgcr GO:0008299_6281_12 isoprenoid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Hmgcr GO:0015936_6281_1 coenzyme A metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Hmgcr GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Hmgcr GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hmgcr GO:0050661_13174_10 NADP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NADP+, or the reduced form, NADPH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hmgcr GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Hmgcr GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Hmgs GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Hmgs GO:0004421_13174_1 hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acetoacetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA + H(2)O = (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA + H(+)." [EC:2.3.3.10, RHEA:10191] IEA molecular_function Hmgs GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Hmgs GO:0008236_13174_15 serine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function Hmgs GO:0008299_6281_12 isoprenoid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Hmgs GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Hml GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Hml GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Hml GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Hml GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process Hml GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Hml GO:0030414_13174_13 peptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Hmt-1 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Hmt-1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Hmt-1 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Hmt-1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Hmt-1 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Hmt-1 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Hmt-1 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Hmt-1 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Hmu GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Hmu GO:0016844_13174_1 strictosidine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 3alpha(S)-strictosidine + H(2)O = secologanin + tryptamine." [EC:4.3.3.2, RHEA:15016] IEA molecular_function Ho GO:0004392_13174_1 heme oxygenase (decyclizing) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: heme + 3 donor-H2 + 3 O2 = biliverdin + Fe2+ + CO + 3 acceptor + 3 H2O." [EC:1.14.99.3] IEA molecular_function Ho GO:0006788_6281_1 heme oxidation "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the loss of electrons from one or more atoms in heme." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ho GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process hoip GO:0030529_3650_4 ribonucleoprotein complex "A macromolecular complex containing both protein and RNA molecules." [GOC:krc] IEA cellular_component hoip GO:0042254_6281_10 ribosome biogenesis "A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process hop GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function hop GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function hop GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function hop GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function hop GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function hop GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component hop GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process hop GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function how GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function hppy GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function hppy GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function hppy GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function hppy GO:0005083_13174_8 small GTPase regulator activity "Modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a small monomeric GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function hppy GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function hppy GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process hppy GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Hr39 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Hr39 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function Hr39 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Hr39 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Hr39 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hr39 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process Hr39 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Hr46 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Hr46 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function Hr46 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Hr46 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Hr46 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hr46 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process Hr46 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Hr4 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Hr4 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function Hr4 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Hr4 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Hr4 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hr4 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process Hr4 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Hr51 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Hr51 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function Hr51 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Hr51 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Hr51 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hr51 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process Hr51 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Hr78 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Hr78 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function Hr78 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Hr78 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Hr78 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hr78 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process Hr78 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Hr83 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Hr83 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Hr83 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Hr83 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hr83 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Hr96 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Hr96 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function Hr96 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Hr96 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Hr96 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hr96 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process Hr96 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function hrg GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function hrg GO:0004652_13174_1 polynucleotide adenylyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the template-independent extension of the 3'- end of an RNA or DNA strand by addition of one adenosine molecule at a time. Cannot initiate a chain 'de novo'. The primer, depending on the source of the enzyme, may be an RNA or DNA fragment, or oligo(A) bearing a 3'-OH terminal group." [EC:2.7.7.19] IEA molecular_function hrg GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component hrg GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process hrg GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function hrg GO:0031123_6281_1 RNA 3'-end processing "Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of an RNA molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process hrg GO:0043631_6281_1 RNA polyadenylation "The enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues at the 3' end of an RNA molecule." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Hrs GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Hrs GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Hrs GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Hrs GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hs3st-A GO:0008146_13174_13 sulfotransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate." [EC:2.8.2, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function Hs3st-B GO:0008146_13174_13 sulfotransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate." [EC:2.8.2, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function Hsc70-5 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Hsc70-5 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process Hsc70-5 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Hsf GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Hsf GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Hsf GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Hsf GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Hsp90 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Hsp90 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process Hsp90 GO:0006950_6281_6 response to stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Hsp90 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function HsTRPA GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function HsTRPA GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function HsTRPA GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function HsTRPA GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component HsTRPA GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component HsTRPA GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process HsTRPA GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process HsTRPA GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component HsTRPA GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process htl GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function htl GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function htl GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function htl GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function htl GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function htl GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process htl GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function HtrA2 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function HtrA2 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function HtrA2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function HtrA2 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process HUWE1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component HUWE1 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process HUWE1 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function hyd GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function hyd GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function hyd GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component hyd GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process hyd GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function hyd GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Hydr1 GO:0004091_13174_4 carboxylesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylic anion." [EC:3.1.1.1] IEA molecular_function Hydr2 GO:0004091_13174_4 carboxylesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylic anion." [EC:3.1.1.1] IEA molecular_function Ial GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Ial GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Ial GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Ial GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ial GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Ial GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Iap2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Iap2 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Iap2 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Iav GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Iav GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Iav GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Iav GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Iav GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process ics GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Idh GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Idh GO:0004450_13174_1 isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: isocitrate + NADP+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.42] IEA molecular_function Idh GO:0006102_6281_1 isocitrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving isocitrate, the anion of isocitric acid, 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid. Isocitrate is an important intermediate in the TCA cycle and the glycoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Idh GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Idh GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Idh GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process IF-2mt GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function IF-2mt GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function IF-2mt GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function IF-2mt GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component IF-2mt GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process IF-2mt GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process IFT122 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IFT80 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-10 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-11 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-12 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-13 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-14 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-15 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-15 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-15 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process IGFn3-15 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process IGFn3-15 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-1 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component IGFn3-1 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process IGFn3-1 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-1 GO:0031424_6281_13 keratinization "The process in which the cytoplasm of the outermost cells of the vertebrate epidermis is replaced by keratin. Keratinization occurs in the stratum corneum, feathers, hair, claws, nails, hooves, and horns." [GOC:dph, GOC:ebc, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process IGFn3-2 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-2 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-2 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-2 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-2 GO:0005783_3650_14 endoplasmic reticulum "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component IGFn3-2 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process IGFn3-2 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process IGFn3-2 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-2 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-5 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-6 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-7 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-8 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IGFn3-9 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function igl GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ik2 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function ik2 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function ik2 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function ik2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ik2 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process ik2 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function IKKgamma GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component IKKgamma GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ILP-2 GO:0005179_13174_9 hormone activity "The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ILP-2 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Imp GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Imp GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function ImpL2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function inaD GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function inaE GO:0004806_13174_2 triglyceride lipase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a fatty acid anion." [EC:3.1.1.3] IEA molecular_function inaE GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process in GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Inos GO:0004512_13174_1 inositol-3-phosphate synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucose 6-phosphate = 1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate. This reaction requires NAD, which dehydrogenates the CHOH group to CO at C-5 of the glucose 6-phosphate, making C-6 into an active methylene, able to condense with the aldehyde at C-1. Finally, the enzyme-bound NADH reconverts C-5 into the CHOH form." [EC:5.5.1.4, RHEA:10719] IEA molecular_function Inos GO:0006021_6281_1 inositol biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms." [CHEBI:24848, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Inos GO:0008654_6281_10 phospholipid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process insc GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ints12 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ints12 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function INTS8 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Invadolysin GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Invadolysin GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Invadolysin GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process Invadolysin GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Invadolysin GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component inx2 GO:0005921_3650_4 gap junction "A cell-cell junction that is composed of an array of small channels that permit small molecules to pass from one cell to another. At gap junctions, the membranes of two adjacent cells are separated by a uniform narrow gap of about 2-4 nm that is spanned by channel-forming proteins called connexins, which form hexagonal tubes called connexons." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle, http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/cmb/cells/pmemb/junctions_g.html, ISBN:0815332181] IEA cellular_component inx3 GO:0005921_3650_4 gap junction "A cell-cell junction that is composed of an array of small channels that permit small molecules to pass from one cell to another. At gap junctions, the membranes of two adjacent cells are separated by a uniform narrow gap of about 2-4 nm that is spanned by channel-forming proteins called connexins, which form hexagonal tubes called connexons." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle, http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/cmb/cells/pmemb/junctions_g.html, ISBN:0815332181] IEA cellular_component inx7 GO:0005921_3650_4 gap junction "A cell-cell junction that is composed of an array of small channels that permit small molecules to pass from one cell to another. At gap junctions, the membranes of two adjacent cells are separated by a uniform narrow gap of about 2-4 nm that is spanned by channel-forming proteins called connexins, which form hexagonal tubes called connexons." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle, http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/cmb/cells/pmemb/junctions_g.html, ISBN:0815332181] IEA cellular_component Ip3k GO:0008440_13174_5 inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.127, RHEA:11023] IEA molecular_function Ipk2 GO:0008440_13174_5 inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.127, RHEA:11023] IEA molecular_function Ipo9 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ipo9 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ipo9 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ipp GO:0046854_6281_14 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a phosphatidylinositol, any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process IR-2 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function IR-2 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function IR-2 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function IR-2 GO:0004714_13174_8 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity "Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10.1, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function IR-2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IR-2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function IR-2 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process IR-2 GO:0007169_6281_9 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:ceb, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process IR-2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component IR-2 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function IR-B GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function IR-B GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function IR-B GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function IR-B GO:0004714_13174_8 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity "Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10.1, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function IR-B GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IR-B GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function IR-B GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process IR-B GO:0007169_6281_9 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:ceb, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process IR-B GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component IR-B GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ird1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function ird1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function ird1 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ird1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ird1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ird1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process ird1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ird5 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function ird5 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function ird5 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function ird5 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ird5 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process ird5 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ire-1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function ire-1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function ire-1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function ire-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ire-1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ire-1 GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process ire-1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process ire-1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ire-1 GO:0016891_13174_3 endoribonuclease activity, producing 5'-phosphomonoesters "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 5'-phosphomonoesters." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function IRP30 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function IRS GO:0005158_13174_6 insulin receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin receptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function IRS GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Iscu GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Iscu GO:0016226_6281_4 iron-sulfur cluster assembly "The incorporation of iron and exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, GOC:pde, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process Iscu GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function isopeptidase-T-3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Iswi GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Iswi GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Iswi GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Iswi GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Iswi GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Iswi GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Iswi GO:0006338_6281_2 chromatin remodeling "Dynamic structural changes to eukaryotic chromatin occurring throughout the cell division cycle. These changes range from the local changes necessary for transcriptional regulation to global changes necessary for chromosome segregation." [GOC:jid, PMID:12697820] IEA biological_process Iswi GO:0016585_3650_2 chromatin remodeling complex "Any complex that mediates dynamic changes in eukaryotic chromatin." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Iswi GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Iswi GO:0016818_13174_12 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Iswi GO:0031491_13174_1 nucleosome binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleosome, a complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Iswi GO:0043044_6281_1 ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling "Dynamic structural changes to eukaryotic chromatin that require energy from the hydrolysis of ATP, ranging from local changes necessary for transcriptional regulation to global changes necessary for chromosome segregation, mediated by ATP-dependent chromatin-remodelling factors." [GOC:jl, PMID:12042764] IEA biological_process itp GO:0005184_13174_4 neuropeptide hormone activity "The action characteristic of a neuropeptide hormone, any peptide hormone that acts in the central nervous system. A neuropeptide is any of several types of molecules found in brain tissue, composed of short chains of amino acids; they include endorphins, enkephalins, vasopressin, and others. They are often localized in axon terminals at synapses and are classified as putative neurotransmitters, although some are also hormones." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function itp GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Itpr1 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Itpr1 GO:0005262_13174_2 calcium channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a calcium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:mtg_transport, GOC:pr, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Itpr1 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Itpr1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Itpr1 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Itpr1 GO:0070588_6281_3 calcium ion transmembrane transport "A process in which a calcium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Jarid2 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Jarid2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Jarid2 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component jhamt GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process jhamt GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function JIL-1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function JIL-1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function JIL-1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function JIL-1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function JIL-1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process JIL-1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function jim GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function jim GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component jim GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Jra GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Jra GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Jra GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Jra GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Jra GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Jtb GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Kap3 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Kap3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Kap-alpha1 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Kap-alpha1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Kap-alpha1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Kap-alpha1 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Kap-alpha1 GO:0006606_6281_4 protein import into nucleus "The directed movement of a protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Kap-alpha1 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Kap-alpha1 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Kap-alpha3 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Kap-alpha3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Kap-alpha3 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Kap-alpha3 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Kap-alpha3 GO:0006606_6281_4 protein import into nucleus "The directed movement of a protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Kap-alpha3 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Kap-alpha3 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kappaB-Ras GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function kappaB-Ras GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function kappaB-Ras GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component kappaB-Ras GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process kappaB-Ras GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process kappaB-Ras GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process kappaB-Ras GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process kappaB-Ras GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component KAT2A GO:0004402_13174_4 histone acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone = CoA + acetyl-histone." [EC:2.3.1.48] IEA molecular_function KAT2A GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function KAT2A GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component KAT2A GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process KAT2A GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function KAT2A GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process kat80 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Kay GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Kay GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Kay GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Kay GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Kay GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function KCNQ GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function KCNQ GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process KCNQ GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component KCNQ GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process KdelR GO:0006621_6281_1 protein retention in ER lumen "The retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen of soluble resident proteins. Sorting receptors retrieve proteins with ER localization signals, such as KDEL and HDEL sequences or some transmembrane domains, that have escaped to the cis-Golgi network and return them to the ER. Abnormally folded proteins and unassembled subunits are also selectively retained in the ER." [ISBN:0716731363, PMID:12972550] IEA biological_process KdelR GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component KdelR GO:0046923_13174_1 ER retention sequence binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention sequence, a specific peptide sequence that ensures a protein is retained within the ER." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function kek1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function kek2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function kek6 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function kel GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ken GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ken GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component ken GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Khc GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Khc GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Khc GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process Khc GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Khc GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process kin17 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function kin17 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component kin17 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function kin17 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kin17 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function kinesin-11 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-11 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-11 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-12 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-12 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-12 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-13 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-13 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-13 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-14 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-14 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-14 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-2A GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-2A GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-2A GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-2B GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-2B GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-2B GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-2C GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function kinesin-2C GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-2C GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-2C GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-2C GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3A GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3A GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3A GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3A GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-3B GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3B GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3B GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3B GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-3C GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3C GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3C GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3C GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-3D GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3D GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3D GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3D GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-3D GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process kinesin-3D GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3E GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3E GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-3E GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-4A GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-4A GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function kinesin-4A GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-4A GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-4B GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-4B GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-4B GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-5A GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-5A GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-5A GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-5B GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-5B GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-5B GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-6A GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-6A GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-6A GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-6B GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-6B GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-6B GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-7A GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-7A GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-7A GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-7A GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-7A GO:0051015_13174_2 actin filament binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an actin filament, also known as F-actin, a helical filamentous polymer of globular G-actin subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-8 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-8 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-8 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-9 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-9 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-9 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-A GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-A GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-A GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-A GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component kinesin-A GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process kinesin-C GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function kinesin-C GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function kinesin-C GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kinesin-C GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process kinesin-C GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process kinesin-C GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Klc GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function KLHL10 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function KLHL10 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process KLHL5 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Knr GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Knr GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Knr GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Knr GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Knr GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Knrl GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Knrl GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Knrl GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Knrl GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Knrl GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function kon GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function kon GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process kon GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component KPNB1 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function KPNB1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function KPNB1 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process KPNB1 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Kr GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Kr GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Kr-h2 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component ksr GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function ksr GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function ksr GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function ksr GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ksr GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process ksr GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ksr GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process kst GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function kst GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function kuz GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function kuz GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process kuz GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function kz GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function kz GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function kz GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kz GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function kz GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function kz GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function lab GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function lab GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function lab GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component lab GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process lab GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Lac2 GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Lac2 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Lac2 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process lack GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function lack GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component lack GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process lack GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Lag1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component La GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LanA GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LanA GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LanB1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LanB2 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LanB2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LanB2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LanB2 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process lap GO:0005543_13174_2 phospholipid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phospholipids, a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Las GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Las GO:0009107_6281_3 lipoate biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipoate, 1,2-dithiolane-3-pentanoate, the anion derived from lipoic acid." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Las GO:0016992_13174_1 lipoate synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein N6-(octanoyl)lysine + 2 sulfur + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = protein N6-(lipoyl)lysine + 2 L-methionine + 2 5'-deoxyadenosyl." [EC:2.8.1.8, PMID:18307109] IEA molecular_function Las GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Las GO:0051539_13174_10 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 4 iron, 4 sulfur (4Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of four iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function Lbx1 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Lbx1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Lbx1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Lbx1 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Lbx1 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LCCH3 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LCCH3 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LCCH3 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LCCH3 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LCCH3 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LCCH3 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component ldbr GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process ldbr GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ldbr GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function lds GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function lds GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function lds GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function lds GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function lds GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Lerp GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function Lerp GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Lerp GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Lerp GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component lid GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function lid GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function lid GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component lid GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component lid GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function lid GO:0016706_13174_8 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom each of oxygen into both donors "Catalysis of the reaction: A + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = B + succinate + CO2. This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function lid GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process lig3 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function lig3 GO:0003909_13174_3 DNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of a phosphodiester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group at the end of one DNA chain and the 5'-phosphate group at the end of another. This reaction requires an energy source such as ATP or NAD+." [ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function lig3 GO:0003910_13174_5 DNA ligase (ATP) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + deoxyribonucleotide(n) + deoxyribonucleotide(m) = AMP + diphosphate + deoxyribonucleotide(n+m)." [EC:6.5.1.1] IEA molecular_function lig3 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function lig3 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process lig3 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process lig3 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process lig3 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function lig3 GO:0051103_6281_3 DNA ligation involved in DNA repair "The re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase, that contributes to DNA repair." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Lig4 GO:0003910_13174_5 DNA ligase (ATP) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + deoxyribonucleotide(n) + deoxyribonucleotide(m) = AMP + diphosphate + deoxyribonucleotide(n+m)." [EC:6.5.1.1] IEA molecular_function Lig4 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Lig4 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process Lig4 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process lilli GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Lim1 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Lim1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Lim1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Lim1 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Lim1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Lim1 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Lim3 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Lim3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Lim3 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Lim3 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Lim3 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Lim3 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LIMK1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LIMK1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Lis-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Lk6 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Lk6 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Lk6 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Lk6 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Lk6 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Lk6 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function lkb1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function lkb1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function lkb1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function lkb1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function lkb1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process lkb1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Lkr GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process Lkr GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LKR GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LKR GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Lman2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Lmpt GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC100379261 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC406081 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC406081 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function LOC406081 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC406081 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC406081 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC406097 GO:0004872_13174_13 receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC406097 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC406097 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC406097 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC406097 GO:0007160_6281_6 cell-matrix adhesion "The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC406097 GO:0007229_6281_3 integrin-mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of extracellular ligand to an integrin on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC406097 GO:0008305_3650_3 integrin complex "A protein complex that is composed of one alpha subunit and one beta subunit, both of which are members of the integrin superfamily of cell adhesion receptors; the complex spans the plasma membrane and binds to extracellular matrix ligands, cell-surface ligands, and soluble ligands." [PMID:17543136] IEA cellular_component LOC406097 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC406114 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC406114 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC406114 GO:0043169_13174_10 cation binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cations, charged atoms or groups of atoms with a net positive charge." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC406118 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC406132 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC406132 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC406132 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC406132 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC406132 GO:0006352_6281_14 DNA-dependent transcription, initiation "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:jid, GOC:txnOH, PMID:18280161] IEA biological_process LOC406144 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC406144 GO:0042381_6281_1 hemolymph coagulation "Any process in which factors in the hemolymph (the invertebrate equivalent of vertebrate blood and lymph) precipitate into insoluble clots in order to prevent loss of body fluid, and at the same time prevent the movement of microbes. Hemolymph coagulation is also part of the invertebrate humoral immune response." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:10561606, PMID:11915949] IEA biological_process LOC406146 GO:0004415_13174_1 hyalurononglucosaminidase activity "Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4) linkages between N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and D-glucuronate residues in hyaluronate." [EC:3.2.1.35] IEA molecular_function LOC406146 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC406147 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC406147 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC406152 GO:0004301_13174_1 epoxide hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an epoxide + H2O = a glycol." [EC:3.3.2.10] IEA molecular_function LOC406152 GO:0009636_6281_1 response to toxin "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxin stimulus." [GOC:lr] IEA biological_process LOC406152 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC406152 GO:0033961_13174_1 cis-stilbene-oxide hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: cis-stilbene oxide + H2O = (+)-(1R,2R)-1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diol." [EC:3.3.2.9] IEA molecular_function LOC408265 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408265 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408272 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408272 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408274 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408275 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408282 GO:0004649_13174_3 poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of poly(ADP-ribose) at glycosidic (1''-2') linkage of ribose-ribose bond to produce free ADP-ribose." [EC:3.2.1.143] IEA molecular_function LOC408282 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408284 GO:0005741_3650_6 mitochondrial outer membrane "The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope." [GOC:ai] IEA cellular_component LOC408284 GO:0006820_6281_6 anion transport "The directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408284 GO:0008308_13174_4 voltage-gated anion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an anion by a voltage-gated channel. An anion is a negatively charged ion. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC408284 GO:0044070_6281_4 regulation of anion transport "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC408284 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408285 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408285 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC408286 GO:0004591_13174_3 oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (succinyl-transferring) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + lipoamide = S-succinyldihydrolipoamide + CO2." [EC:1.2.4.2] IEA molecular_function LOC408286 GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408286 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408286 GO:0016624_13174_6 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, disulfide as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a disulfide." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408286 GO:0030976_13174_4 thiamine pyrophosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with thiamine pyrophosphate, the diphosphoric ester of thiamine. Acts as a coenzyme of several (de)carboxylases, transketolases, and alpha-oxoacid dehydrogenases." [CHEBI:45931, GOC:mlg] IEA molecular_function LOC408286 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC408288 GO:0003995_13174_10 acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor." [EC:1.3.99.3] IEA molecular_function LOC408288 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408288 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408288 GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408288 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC408291 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408291 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408291 GO:0016747_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408292 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408297 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408299 GO:0004731_13174_1 purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: purine nucleoside + phosphate = purine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate." [EC:2.4.2.1] IEA molecular_function LOC408299 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408302 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC408302 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408302 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408302 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408302 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC408302 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408305 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC408305 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408305 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408305 GO:0016301_13174_14 kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408305 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408305 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC408311 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC408311 GO:0003689_13174_6 DNA clamp loader activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the opening of the ring structure of the PCNA complex, or any of the related sliding clamp complexes, and their closing around the DNA duplex." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:16082778] IEA molecular_function LOC408311 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408311 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408311 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408311 GO:0005663_3650_6 DNA replication factor C complex "A complex of five polypeptides in eukaryotes, and two in prokaryotes, that loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA, thereby permitting processive DNA synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase." [PMID:14614842, PMID:14646196, PMID:16172520] IEA cellular_component LOC408311 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408311 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC408314 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408315 GO:0003951_13174_4 NAD+ kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + NAD(+) = ADP + 2 H(+) + NADP(+)." [EC:2.7.1.23, RHEA:18632] IEA molecular_function LOC408315 GO:0004143_13174_8 diacylglycerol kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + 1,2-diacylglycerol = NDP + 1,2-diacylglycerol-3-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.107, GOC:elh] IEA molecular_function LOC408315 GO:0007205_6281_8 protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of protein kinase C (PKC). PKC is activated by second messengers including diacylglycerol (DAG)." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC408315 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408318 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408319 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC408319 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408319 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408319 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC408319 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408319 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408321 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408328 GO:0003746_13174_11 translation elongation factor activity "Functions in chain elongation during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408328 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC408328 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408328 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408328 GO:0006414_6281_12 translational elongation "The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis." [GOC:ems] IEA biological_process LOC408329 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408329 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408332 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408332 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408332 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408332 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408333 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408333 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408333 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC408336 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408336 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408336 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408336 GO:0008408_13174_6 3'-5' exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' end." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408339 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC408339 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function LOC408339 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408339 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC408339 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process LOC408340 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408340 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408340 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408343 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC408343 GO:0005249_13174_12 voltage-gated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC408343 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408343 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408343 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408343 GO:0008076_3650_11 voltage-gated potassium channel complex "A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC408343 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408343 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408344 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408344 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process LOC408345 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408345 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408345 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408348 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408348 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408348 GO:0006364_6281_13 rRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC408348 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408348 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408349 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408349 GO:0051205_6281_2 protein insertion into membrane "The process that results in the incorporation of a protein into a biological membrane." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408350 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408352 GO:0003746_13174_11 translation elongation factor activity "Functions in chain elongation during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408352 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408352 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408352 GO:0006414_6281_12 translational elongation "The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis." [GOC:ems] IEA biological_process LOC408353 GO:0004175_13174_11 endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC408353 GO:0004298_13174_13 threonine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC408353 GO:0005839_3650_13 proteasome core complex "A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex." [GOC:rb, PMID:10806206] IEA cellular_component LOC408353 GO:0051603_6281_13 proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process "The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC408355 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408358 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408368 GO:0004013_13174_2 adenosylhomocysteinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H2O = adenosine + L-homocysteine." [EC:3.3.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC408368 GO:0006730_6281_4 one-carbon metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the transfer of one-carbon units in various oxidation states." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah, GOC:pde] IEA biological_process LOC408372 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408373 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408373 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408373 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408374 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408382 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408382 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408382 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC408382 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408384 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408384 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408384 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408386 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408387 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408388 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC408388 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408388 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC408388 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408388 GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408388 GO:0043234_3650_15 protein complex "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408388 GO:0051258_6281_15 protein polymerization "The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408389 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408389 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408389 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC408389 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC408390 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408391 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408391 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408391 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408391 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC408391 GO:0030131_3650_9 clathrin adaptor complex "A membrane coat adaptor complex that links clathrin to a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC408393 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408393 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408394 GO:0005102_13174_13 receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408394 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408394 GO:0005201_13174_6 extracellular matrix structural constituent "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408394 GO:0005581_3650_5 collagen "Any of the various assemblies in which collagen chains form a left-handed triple helix; may assemble into higher order structures." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0721639976] IEA cellular_component LOC408394 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC408394 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC408396 GO:0001726_3650_1 ruffle "Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork." [ISBN:0124325653] IEA cellular_component LOC408396 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC408396 GO:0005158_13174_6 insulin receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin receptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408396 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408396 GO:0005200_13174_2 structural constituent of cytoskeleton "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cytoskeletal structure." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408396 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component LOC408396 GO:0005925_3650_2 focal adhesion "Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments." [ISBN:0124325653, ISBN:0815316208] IEA cellular_component LOC408396 GO:0007016_6281_1 cytoskeletal anchoring at plasma membrane "A cytoskeleton organization process that directly or indirectly links cytoskeletal filaments to the plasma membrane." [ISBN:0198599323] IEA biological_process LOC408396 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC408396 GO:0015629_3650_9 actin cytoskeleton "The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408397 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408408 GO:0007267_6281_4 cell-cell signaling "Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408411 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408411 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408413 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408417 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408417 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408420 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408420 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408420 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408421 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408422 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC408422 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408422 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408422 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408422 GO:0015979_6281_4 photosynthesis "The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide (CO2) using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408422 GO:0015995_6281_4 chlorophyll biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, from less complex precursors." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC408422 GO:0016851_13174_4 magnesium chelatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H(2)O + Mg(2+) + protoporphyrin IX = ADP + 2 H(+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX + phosphate." [EC:6.6.1.1, RHEA:13964] IEA molecular_function LOC408422 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408422 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC408428 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function LOC408428 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC408431 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408432 GO:0016831_13174_13 carboxy-lyase activity "Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound." [http://www.mercksource.com/] IEA molecular_function LOC408432 GO:0019752_6281_11 carboxylic acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408432 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408433 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408439 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408439 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408441 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408443 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC408443 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408443 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408443 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC408443 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408445 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408445 GO:0004568_13174_11 chitinase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins." [EC:3.2.1.14, GOC:bf, GOC:kah, GOC:pde, PMID:11468293] IEA molecular_function LOC408445 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408445 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408445 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408445 GO:0006032_6281_11 chitin catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408445 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408446 GO:0003994_13174_1 aconitate hydratase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: citrate = cis-aconitate + H2O, and cis-aconitate + H2O = isocitrate. This reaction is the interconversion of citrate and isocitrate via the labile, enzyme-bound intermediate cis-aconitate. Water is removed from one part of the citrate molecule and added back to a different atom to form isocitrate." [EC:4.2.1.3, GOC:pde, GOC:vw] IEA molecular_function LOC408446 GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408446 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408446 GO:0051539_13174_10 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 4 iron, 4 sulfur (4Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of four iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC408456 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC408456 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408456 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408456 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408456 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC408456 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408461 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408461 GO:0004588_13174_1 orotate phosphoribosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: orotidine 5'-phosphate + diphosphate = orotate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate." [EC:2.4.2.10] IEA molecular_function LOC408461 GO:0004590_13174_2 orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + orotidine 5'-phosphate = CO(2) + UMP." [EC:4.1.1.23, RHEA:11599] IEA molecular_function LOC408461 GO:0006207_6281_5 'de novo' pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyrimidine nucleobases, 1,3-diazine, organic nitrogenous bases, beginning with the synthesis of a pyrimidine ring from simpler precursors." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716720094] IEA biological_process LOC408461 GO:0006221_6281_2 pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pyrimidine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a pyrimidine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408461 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408461 GO:0009116_6281_6 nucleoside metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (a ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleoside), e.g. adenosine, guanosine, inosine, cytidine, uridine and deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, deoxycytidine and thymidine (= deoxythymidine)." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC408461 GO:0044205_6281_1 'de novo' UMP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UMP, uridine monophosphate, starting with the synthesis of (S)-dihydroorotate from bicarbonate; UMP biosynthesis may either occur via reduction by quinone, NAD(+) or oxygen." [GOC:ecd, GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC408464 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408465 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408465 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC408467 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC408467 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC408467 GO:0005247_13174_3 voltage-gated chloride channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC408467 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408467 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408467 GO:0006821_6281_7 chloride transport "The directed movement of chloride into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process LOC408467 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408467 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408470 GO:0003951_13174_4 NAD+ kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + NAD(+) = ADP + 2 H(+) + NADP(+)." [EC:2.7.1.23, RHEA:18632] IEA molecular_function LOC408470 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408471 GO:0005086_13174_7 ARF guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with the GTPase ARF. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408471 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408471 GO:0032012_6281_7 regulation of ARF protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ARF protein signal transduction." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408474 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC408474 GO:0009166_6281_4 nucleotide catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleotides, any nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety; may be mono-, di- or triphosphate; this definition includes cyclic-nucleotides (nucleoside cyclic phosphates)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC408474 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408474 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408474 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408478 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408478 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC408478 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408483 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408483 GO:0016052_6281_1 carbohydrate catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408483 GO:0030246_13174_13 carbohydrate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates." [CHEBI:16646, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408497 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408497 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408497 GO:0005635_3650_3 nuclear envelope "The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space)." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC408503 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408507 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408510 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408519 GO:0004499_13174_4 N,N-dimethylaniline monooxygenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O." [EC:1.14.13.8] IEA molecular_function LOC408519 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC408519 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC408519 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC408519 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408519 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC408519 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408519 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408519 GO:0050661_13174_10 NADP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NADP+, or the reduced form, NADPH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408519 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC408520 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408522 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408522 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408522 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408522 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408522 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408528 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408532 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408533 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC408533 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC408533 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC408533 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408533 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408533 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC408533 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408535 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC408535 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408535 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408535 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408535 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC408536 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408536 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC408536 GO:0008241_13174_4 peptidyl-dipeptidase activity "Catalysis of the release of C-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain." [GOC:mb] IEA molecular_function LOC408536 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408538 GO:0003848_13174_2 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyldihydropteridine diphosphokinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine + ATP = (2-amino-4-hydroxy-7,8-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate + AMP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.6.3, RHEA:11415] IEA molecular_function LOC408538 GO:0009396_6281_8 folic acid-containing compound biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of folic acid and its derivatives." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408539 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408539 GO:0008324_13174_13 cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of cation from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:dgf, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC408539 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408539 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408542 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408542 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408543 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408543 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408546 GO:0042578_13174_5 phosphoric ester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RPO-R' + H2O = RPOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any phosphoric ester bond, any ester formed from orthophosphoric acid, O=P(OH)3." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408548 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408548 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408551 GO:0005201_13174_6 extracellular matrix structural constituent "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408551 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408551 GO:0005581_3650_5 collagen "Any of the various assemblies in which collagen chains form a left-handed triple helix; may assemble into higher order structures." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0721639976] IEA cellular_component LOC408552 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408552 GO:0005201_13174_6 extracellular matrix structural constituent "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408552 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408552 GO:0005581_3650_5 collagen "Any of the various assemblies in which collagen chains form a left-handed triple helix; may assemble into higher order structures." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0721639976] IEA cellular_component LOC408552 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC408552 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC408552 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC408552 GO:0031424_6281_13 keratinization "The process in which the cytoplasm of the outermost cells of the vertebrate epidermis is replaced by keratin. Keratinization occurs in the stratum corneum, feathers, hair, claws, nails, hooves, and horns." [GOC:dph, GOC:ebc, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC408557 GO:0016853_13174_10 isomerase activity "Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408557 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC408558 GO:0000226_6281_11 microtubule cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408558 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC408559 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408559 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408559 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC408562 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408562 GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC408564 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408564 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408565 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408565 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408565 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408567 GO:0003995_13174_10 acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor." [EC:1.3.99.3] IEA molecular_function LOC408567 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408567 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408567 GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408567 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC408568 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC408568 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408568 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408568 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408568 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408569 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408570 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408577 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408577 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408577 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC408577 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC408578 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408578 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408579 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC408579 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function LOC408579 GO:0031012_3650_9 extracellular matrix "A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals and bacteria) or be part of the cell (as in plants)." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC408580 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408580 GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408580 GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process LOC408590 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408590 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408591 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC408591 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC408591 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC408591 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408591 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408591 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC408591 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408591 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408591 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC408597 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408597 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408600 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408601 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408601 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408601 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408602 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408604 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408604 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408604 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408607 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408614 GO:0007218_6281_7 neuropeptide signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a peptide neurotransmitter binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC408614 GO:0030141_3650_2 secretory granule "A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198596732] IEA cellular_component LOC408615 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408615 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408615 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408615 GO:0006352_6281_14 DNA-dependent transcription, initiation "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:jid, GOC:txnOH, PMID:18280161] IEA biological_process LOC408615 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408617 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408617 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408618 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC408618 GO:0004714_13174_8 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity "Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10.1, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408618 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408618 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408618 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC408618 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408618 GO:0007169_6281_9 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:ceb, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC408618 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408619 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC408619 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC408619 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408620 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408621 GO:0030246_13174_13 carbohydrate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates." [CHEBI:16646, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408622 GO:0004497_13174_7 monooxygenase activity "Catalysis of the incorporation of one atom from molecular oxygen into a compound and the reduction of the other atom of oxygen to water." [http://www.onelook.com/, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408622 GO:0004505_13174_1 phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-phenylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = L-tyrosine + 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin." [EC:1.14.16.1] IEA molecular_function LOC408622 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408622 GO:0006559_6281_3 L-phenylalanine catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylalanine, 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC408622 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408622 GO:0009072_6281_7 aromatic amino acid family metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC408622 GO:0016597_13174_5 amino acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an amino acid, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408622 GO:0016714_13174_4 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced pteridine and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408622 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC408625 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC408625 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC408625 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC408625 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408625 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408625 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408625 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408625 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC408625 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408625 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408625 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408626 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408626 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC408626 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function LOC408626 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408626 GO:0004535_13174_1 poly(A)-specific ribonuclease activity "Catalysis of the exonucleolytic cleavage of poly(A) to 5'-AMP." [EC:3.1.13.4, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC408626 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408626 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC408626 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC408626 GO:0006402_6281_1 mRNA catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mRNA, messenger RNA, which is responsible for carrying the coded genetic 'message', transcribed from DNA, to sites of protein assembly at the ribosomes." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408626 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process LOC408626 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408631 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408632 GO:0000398_6281_4 mRNA splicing, via spliceosome "The joining together of exons from one or more primary transcripts of messenger RNA (mRNA) and the excision of intron sequences, via a spliceosomal mechanism, so that mRNA consisting only of the joined exons is produced." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0879695897] IEA biological_process LOC408632 GO:0005681_3650_5 spliceosomal complex "Any of a series of ribonucleoprotein complexes that contain RNA and small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and are formed sequentially during the splicing of a messenger RNA primary transcript to excise an intron." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:19239890] IEA cellular_component LOC408633 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408633 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408634 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408634 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408635 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408642 GO:0003951_13174_4 NAD+ kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + NAD(+) = ADP + 2 H(+) + NADP(+)." [EC:2.7.1.23, RHEA:18632] IEA molecular_function LOC408642 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408643 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408643 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC408645 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408645 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC408645 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408646 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408646 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408648 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408648 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408649 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408650 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408650 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC408650 GO:0019310_6281_1 inositol catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms." [CHEBI:24848, GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC408650 GO:0050113_13174_1 inositol oxygenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol + O(2) = D-glucuronate + H(2)O + H(+)." [EC:1.13.99.1, RHEA:23699] IEA molecular_function LOC408650 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC408656 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408656 GO:0004527_13174_12 exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC408656 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408656 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408657 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408657 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408661 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408661 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408668 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408668 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC408668 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408670 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408672 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408674 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408674 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408678 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408678 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408687 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408687 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408687 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408688 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408690 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408690 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408693 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408693 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408693 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408695 GO:0005319_13174_12 lipid transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408695 GO:0006869_6281_13 lipid transport "The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408696 GO:0005319_13174_12 lipid transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408696 GO:0006869_6281_13 lipid transport "The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408697 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408699 GO:0000156_13174_3 two-component response regulator activity "Responds to a two-component sensor to initiate a change in cell state or activity. The activity of the response regulator is regulated by transfer of a phosphate from a histidine residue in the sensor, to an aspartate residue in the response regulator. Many but not all response regulators act as transcriptional regulators to elicit a response." [GOC:bf, PMID:10966457, PMID:11842140] IEA molecular_function LOC408699 GO:0000160_6281_6 two-component signal transduction system (phosphorelay) "A conserved series of molecular signals found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; involves autophosphorylation of a histidine kinase and the transfer of the phosphate group to an aspartate that then acts as a phospho-donor to response regulator proteins." [PMID:9191038] IEA biological_process LOC408699 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408699 GO:0004114_13174_10 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside 5'-phosphate." [EC:3.1.4.17] IEA molecular_function LOC408699 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408699 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC408699 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC408701 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408701 GO:0004722_13174_8 protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein serine phosphate + H2O = protein serine + phosphate, and protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC408701 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC408701 GO:0008287_3650_7 protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex "A complex, normally consisting of a catalytic and a regulatory subunit, which catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from a serine or threonine residue of a protein." [GOC:bf] IEA cellular_component LOC408705 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408705 GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408707 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408707 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC408708 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408710 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408711 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408711 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408711 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408714 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408715 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408718 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC408718 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC408718 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC408718 GO:0004714_13174_8 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity "Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10.1, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408718 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408718 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408718 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC408718 GO:0007169_6281_9 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:ceb, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC408718 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408718 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408719 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408721 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408722 GO:0005391_13174_5 sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) + K+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) + K+(in)." [EC:3.6.3.9] IEA molecular_function LOC408722 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408722 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408722 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408722 GO:0046034_6281_10 ATP metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC408724 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408725 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC408725 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408725 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC408727 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408727 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408729 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function LOC408729 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC408729 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408730 GO:0046854_6281_14 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a phosphatidylinositol, any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408731 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408731 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408734 GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408734 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408734 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408734 GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408734 GO:0022900_6281_4 electron transport chain "A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient." [GOC:mtg_electron_transport] IEA biological_process LOC408734 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408734 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC408742 GO:0016884_13174_4 carbon-nitrogen ligase activity, with glutamine as amido-N-donor "Catalysis of the transfer of the amide nitrogen of glutamine to a variety of substrates. GATases catalyze two separate reactions at two active sites, which are located either on a single polypeptide chain or on different subunits. In the glutaminase reaction, glutamine is hydrolyzed to glutamate and ammonia, which is added to an acceptor substrate in the synthase reaction." [PMID:12360532] IEA molecular_function LOC408749 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408749 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408749 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC408749 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408751 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408751 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408751 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408752 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408752 GO:0003909_13174_3 DNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of a phosphodiester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group at the end of one DNA chain and the 5'-phosphate group at the end of another. This reaction requires an energy source such as ATP or NAD+." [ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC408752 GO:0003910_13174_5 DNA ligase (ATP) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + deoxyribonucleotide(n) + deoxyribonucleotide(m) = AMP + diphosphate + deoxyribonucleotide(n+m)." [EC:6.5.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC408752 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408752 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408752 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC408752 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408752 GO:0051103_6281_3 DNA ligation involved in DNA repair "The re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase, that contributes to DNA repair." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408754 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408754 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408754 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC408754 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408754 GO:0042981_6281_3 regulation of apoptotic process "Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_apoptosis] IEA biological_process LOC408767 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408767 GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component LOC408767 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC408767 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408767 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408773 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408774 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408774 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408774 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408774 GO:0006614_6281_14 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane "The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC408775 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408780 GO:0005096_13174_14 GTPase activator activity "Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408780 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408780 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408780 GO:0031177_13174_11 phosphopantetheine binding "Interacting selectively with phosphopantetheine, the vitamin pantetheine 4'-(dihydrogen phosphate)." [CHEBI:16858, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408780 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC408782 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC408782 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408782 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC408782 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408782 GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408782 GO:0043234_3650_15 protein complex "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408782 GO:0051258_6281_15 protein polymerization "The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408785 GO:0004719_13174_3 protein-L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein L-beta-aspartate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein L-beta-aspartate methyl ester." [EC:2.1.1.77] IEA molecular_function LOC408785 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC408787 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408787 GO:0042802_13174_2 identical protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408788 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408788 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408789 GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC408789 GO:0040007_6281_3 growth "The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell." [GOC:bf, GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC408792 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component LOC408799 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408799 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408799 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408799 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC408803 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408805 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408809 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408809 GO:0004143_13174_8 diacylglycerol kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + 1,2-diacylglycerol = NDP + 1,2-diacylglycerol-3-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.107, GOC:elh] IEA molecular_function LOC408809 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408809 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC408809 GO:0007205_6281_8 protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of protein kinase C (PKC). PKC is activated by second messengers including diacylglycerol (DAG)." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC408809 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408809 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC408810 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408810 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408810 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408810 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC408810 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408810 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC408817 GO:0008483_13174_8 transaminase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408817 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408818 GO:0004396_13174_2 hexokinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-hexose = ADP + D-hexose 6-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC408818 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408818 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408818 GO:0006096_6281_14 glycolysis "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0716720094, Wikipedia:Glycolysis] IEA biological_process LOC408818 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408820 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408822 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408822 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408822 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408822 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408828 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408828 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408831 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC408831 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408833 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408836 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408840 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408840 GO:0004527_13174_12 exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC408840 GO:0004534_13174_1 5'-3' exoribonuclease activity "Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of mononucleotides from a free 5' terminus of an RNA molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC408840 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408840 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408840 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408840 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408841 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408841 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408842 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408842 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408842 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408842 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408843 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408847 GO:0004852_13174_1 uroporphyrinogen-III synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: hydroxymethylbilane = H(2)O + uroporphyrinogen III." [EC:4.2.1.75, RHEA:18968] IEA molecular_function LOC408847 GO:0033014_6281_4 tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of tetrapyrroles, natural pigments containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next." [CHEBI:26932, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408850 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408850 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408850 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC408851 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC408851 GO:0004869_13174_1 cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a cysteine-type endopeptidase, any enzyme that hydrolyzes peptide bonds in polypeptides by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408851 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408851 GO:0008234_13174_15 cysteine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC408852 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408852 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408852 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC408852 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC408857 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408859 GO:0004735_13174_2 pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-proline + NADP+ = 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.5.1.2] IEA molecular_function LOC408859 GO:0006561_6281_4 proline biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proline (pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid), a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408859 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408859 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC408860 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408860 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408860 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408863 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408864 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408864 GO:0030414_13174_13 peptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408865 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC408865 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408865 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408865 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408866 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC408866 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC408866 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408866 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC408866 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408868 GO:0046854_6281_14 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a phosphatidylinositol, any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408870 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408870 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC408870 GO:0006479_6281_4 protein methylation "The addition of a methyl group to a protein amino acid. A methyl group is derived from methane by the removal of a hydrogen atom." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408870 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408870 GO:0008276_13174_4 protein methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group (CH3-) to a protein." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408870 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408871 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408871 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408871 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC408878 GO:0007160_6281_6 cell-matrix adhesion "The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC408883 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408883 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408883 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408883 GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408884 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408884 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408887 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408888 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408889 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408892 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408892 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408894 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408900 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function LOC408900 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC408900 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408900 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408902 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408904 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408904 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408904 GO:0016747_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408904 GO:0032934_13174_3 sterol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sterol, any steroid containing a hydroxy group in the 3 position, closely related to cholestan-3-ol." [CHEBI:15889, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408911 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC408911 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC408913 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC408913 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408913 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408913 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC408913 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408913 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408913 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408914 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408914 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC408914 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408920 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408920 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408922 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC408922 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC408922 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC408922 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408922 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC408922 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408923 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC408923 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC408923 GO:0005669_3650_3 transcription factor TFIID complex "A complex composed of TATA binding protein (TBP) and TBP associated factors (TAFs); the total mass is typically about 800 kDa. Most of the TAFs are conserved across species. In TATA-containing promoters for RNA polymerase II (Pol II), TFIID is believed to recognize at least two distinct elements, the TATA element and a downstream promoter element. TFIID is also involved in recognition of TATA-less Pol II promoters. Binding of TFIID to DNA is necessary but not sufficient for transcription initiation from most RNA polymerase II promoters." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0471953393, ISBN:0879695501] IEA cellular_component LOC408923 GO:0006352_6281_14 DNA-dependent transcription, initiation "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:jid, GOC:txnOH, PMID:18280161] IEA biological_process LOC408923 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC408925 GO:0006479_6281_4 protein methylation "The addition of a methyl group to a protein amino acid. A methyl group is derived from methane by the removal of a hydrogen atom." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408925 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408932 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408933 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408933 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC408933 GO:0031424_6281_13 keratinization "The process in which the cytoplasm of the outermost cells of the vertebrate epidermis is replaced by keratin. Keratinization occurs in the stratum corneum, feathers, hair, claws, nails, hooves, and horns." [GOC:dph, GOC:ebc, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC408934 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408935 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC408935 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408935 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408935 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408936 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408938 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408938 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC408939 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC408944 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408945 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408945 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408945 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC408945 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC408949 GO:0000159_3650_3 protein phosphatase type 2A complex "A protein complex that has protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity that is polycation-stimulated (PCS), being directly stimulated by protamine, polylysine, or histone H1; it constitutes a subclass of several enzymes activated by different histones and polylysine, and consists of catalytic, scaffolding, and regulatory subunits. The catalytic and scaffolding subunits form the core enzyme, and the holoenzyme also includes the regulatory subunit." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:17245430] IEA cellular_component LOC408949 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408949 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC408949 GO:0008601_13174_3 protein phosphatase type 2A regulator activity "Modulation of the activity of the enzyme protein phosphatase type 2A." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408950 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408950 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408950 GO:0006108_6281_3 malate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving malate, the anion of hydroxybutanedioic acid, a chiral hydroxydicarboxylic acid. The (+) enantiomer is an important intermediate in metabolism as a component of both the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408950 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408950 GO:0016615_13174_3 malate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reversible conversion of pyruvate or oxaloacetate to malate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0582227089] IEA molecular_function LOC408950 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408950 GO:0030060_13174_2 L-malate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.37] IEA molecular_function LOC408950 GO:0044262_6281_8 cellular carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC408950 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC408953 GO:0004601_13174_12 peroxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7] IEA molecular_function LOC408953 GO:0006979_6281_14 response to oxidative stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] IEA biological_process LOC408953 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408953 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC408955 GO:0003867_13174_1 4-aminobutyrate transaminase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobutanoate + amino group acceptor = succinate semialdehyde + amino acid." [EC:2.6.1.19, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408955 GO:0008483_13174_8 transaminase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408955 GO:0009448_6281_1 gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408955 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408963 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408963 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC408963 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408963 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC408964 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC408964 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC408966 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC408968 GO:0004408_13174_1 holocytochrome-c synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: holocytochrome c = apocytochrome c + heme." [EC:4.4.1.17] IEA molecular_function LOC408968 GO:0005739_3650_12 mitochondrion "A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC408969 GO:0004046_13174_1 aminoacylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an N-acyl-L-amino acid + H2O = a carboxylate + an L-amino acid." [EC:3.5.1.14] IEA molecular_function LOC408969 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC408969 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408969 GO:0006520_6281_15 cellular amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33709, GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408969 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC408969 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC408969 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC408983 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC408983 GO:0006888_6281_6 ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport "The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:jp, GOC:tb, ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC408983 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC408983 GO:0030127_3650_3 COPII vesicle coat "One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. COPII is best characterized in S. cerevisiae, where the subunits are called Sar1p, Sec13p, Sec31p, Sec23p, and Sec24p. Vesicles with COPII coats are found associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes at steady state." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, PMID:11252894] IEA cellular_component LOC408985 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC408985 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408989 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC408989 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC408990 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC408992 GO:0008158_13174_6 hedgehog receptor activity "Combining with a member of the hedgehog protein family and transmitting the signal across the membrane to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators, PMID:9278137] IEA molecular_function LOC408992 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC408992 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC408992 GO:0030301_6281_2 cholesterol transport "The directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409000 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409011 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC409011 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409021 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409021 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409021 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409023 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409023 GO:0044249_6281_2 cellular biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances, carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC409027 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409039 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409043 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC409043 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409043 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409043 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409046 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409046 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409046 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409046 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409056 GO:0005315_13174_1 inorganic phosphate transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a inorganic phosphate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport] IEA molecular_function LOC409056 GO:0006817_6281_1 phosphate ion transport "The directed movement of phosphate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process LOC409056 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409058 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409058 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409058 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409061 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC409061 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC409061 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC409061 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409061 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409061 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC409061 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409061 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409061 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409062 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409063 GO:0016831_13174_13 carboxy-lyase activity "Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound." [http://www.mercksource.com/] IEA molecular_function LOC409063 GO:0019752_6281_11 carboxylic acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409063 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409064 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409065 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409066 GO:0004733_13174_2 pyridoxamine-phosphate oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + H2O + O2 = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide." [EC:1.4.3.5] IEA molecular_function LOC409066 GO:0008615_6281_1 pyridoxine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyridoxine, 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine, one of the vitamin B6 compounds." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409066 GO:0010181_13174_8 FMN binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FMN, flavin mononucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes." [GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC409066 GO:0016638_13174_2 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409066 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC409068 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409068 GO:0005544_13174_4 calcium-dependent phospholipid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phospholipids, a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester, in the presence of calcium." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409071 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409071 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409074 GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409074 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC409074 GO:0033177_3650_11 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, proton-transporting domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and carries out proton transport across a membrane. The proton-transporting domain (F0, V0, or A0) includes integral and peripheral membrane proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component LOC409075 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC409075 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409076 GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409076 GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process LOC409077 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC409077 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409079 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409079 GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409079 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC409079 GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process LOC409081 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409081 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC409082 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409083 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409083 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409084 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC409084 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC409084 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409084 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC409084 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409084 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409087 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409087 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409090 GO:0004857_13174_6 enzyme inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409090 GO:0005739_3650_12 mitochondrion "A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409090 GO:0045980_6281_2 negative regulation of nucleotide metabolic process "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotides." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409100 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409100 GO:0046854_6281_14 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a phosphatidylinositol, any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409102 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process LOC409102 GO:0017150_13174_4 tRNA dihydrouridine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA-uracil + acceptor = tRNA-dihydrouridine + reduced acceptor." [PMID:11983710] IEA molecular_function LOC409102 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409102 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC409106 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409107 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409111 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC409111 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC409111 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC409111 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409111 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC409111 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409112 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409112 GO:0004809_13174_1 tRNA (guanine-N2-)-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA containing guanine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N2-methylguanine." [EC:2.1.1.32] IEA molecular_function LOC409112 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process LOC409126 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409126 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409126 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409126 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409126 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409126 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC409126 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409126 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409126 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC409126 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409126 GO:0008134_13174_12 transcription factor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409126 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409126 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409127 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC409127 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC409127 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC409127 GO:0004715_13174_2 non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a non-membrane spanning protein L-tyrosine = ADP + a non-membrane spanning protein L-tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10.2] IEA molecular_function LOC409127 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409127 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409127 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC409127 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409129 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409129 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409129 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409129 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409131 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409131 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409132 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409132 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409132 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC409134 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409134 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC409134 GO:0044267_6281_10 cellular protein metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC409134 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409136 GO:0046854_6281_14 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a phosphatidylinositol, any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409137 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409139 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409141 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409144 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC409144 GO:0005247_13174_3 voltage-gated chloride channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC409144 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409144 GO:0006821_6281_7 chloride transport "The directed movement of chloride into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process LOC409144 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409144 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409145 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409145 GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409145 GO:0046873_13174_9 metal ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of metal ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409145 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409152 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409152 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409153 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409153 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409153 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409154 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409154 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409154 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC409155 GO:0004149_13174_1 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: succinyl-CoA + dihydrolipoamide = CoA + S-succinyldihydrolipoamide." [EC:2.3.1.61] IEA molecular_function LOC409155 GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409155 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409155 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409155 GO:0045252_3650_1 oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex "A complex of multiple copies of three enzymatic components: oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) ; EC:1.2.4.2 (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase ; EC:2.3.1.61 (E2) and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase ; EC:1.8.1.4 (E3); catalyzes the overall conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and carbon dioxide (CO2)." [MetaCyc:CPLX66-42, PMID:10848975] IEA cellular_component LOC409157 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409157 GO:0008410_13174_1 CoA-transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a coenzyme A (CoA) group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409157 GO:0046952_6281_1 ketone body catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ketone bodies, any one of the three substances: acetoacetate, D-3-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) or acetone. Ketone bodies can be used as an energy source as an alternative to glucose. Utilization of ketone bodies in peripheral tissues involves conversion of acetoacetate to acetoacetyl-CoA, which is then converted to two molecules of acetyl-CoA." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409159 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC409159 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409162 GO:0004185_13174_4 serine-type carboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC409162 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409163 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409163 GO:0046914_13174_11 transition metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transition metal ions; a transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409163 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC409166 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409166 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409166 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409166 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409166 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409166 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409166 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409167 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409167 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409169 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409172 GO:0009987_6281_8 cellular process "Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] IEA biological_process LOC409177 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409177 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409177 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409177 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409177 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409177 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409178 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409178 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC409178 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409178 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409178 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409178 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409178 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC409178 GO:0030163_6281_11 protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409179 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409179 GO:0006084_6281_2 acetyl-CoA metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetyl-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is acetylated; it is a metabolite derived from several pathways (e.g. glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, amino-acid catabolism) and is further metabolized by the tricarboxylic acid cycle. It is a key intermediate in lipid and terpenoid biosynthesis." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409180 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409180 GO:0006084_6281_2 acetyl-CoA metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetyl-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is acetylated; it is a metabolite derived from several pathways (e.g. glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, amino-acid catabolism) and is further metabolized by the tricarboxylic acid cycle. It is a key intermediate in lipid and terpenoid biosynthesis." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409183 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409183 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409186 GO:0005083_13174_8 small GTPase regulator activity "Modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a small monomeric GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409186 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409186 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409187 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409192 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409192 GO:0004012_13174_5 phospholipid-translocating ATPase activity "Catalysis of the movement of phospholipids from one membrane bilayer leaflet to the other (phospolipid 'flippase' activity), driven by the hydrolysis of ATP." [EC:3.6.3.1, PMID:15919184, PMID:9099684] IEA molecular_function LOC409192 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409192 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409192 GO:0015662_13174_15 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate." [PMID:10322420, PMID:10600683] IEA molecular_function LOC409192 GO:0015914_6281_5 phospholipid transport "The directed movement of phospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Phospholipids are any lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409192 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409192 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409196 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409196 GO:0016769_13174_14 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409196 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409199 GO:0004370_13174_3 glycerol kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + glycerol = sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.30, RHEA:21647] IEA molecular_function LOC409199 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409199 GO:0006072_6281_5 glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409199 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409200 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409200 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409200 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409201 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409203 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409203 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409206 GO:0005351_13174_8 sugar:hydrogen symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sugar(out) + H+(out) = sugar(in) + H+(in)." [TC:2.A.1.1.-] IEA molecular_function LOC409206 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409206 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409206 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409206 GO:0009401_6281_6 phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system "The uptake and phosphorylation of specific carbohydrates from the extracellular environment; uptake and phosphorylation are coupled, making the PTS a link between the uptake and metabolism of sugars; phosphoenolpyruvate is the original phosphate donor; phosphoenolpyruvate passes the phosphate via a signal transduction pathway, to enzyme 1 (E1), which in turn passes it on to the histidine protein, HPr; the next step in the system involves sugar-specific membrane-bound complex, enzyme 2 (EII), which transports the sugar into the cell; it includes the sugar permease, which catalyzes the transport reactions; EII is usually divided into three different domains, EIIA, EIIB, and EIIC." [http://www.ucs.mun.ca/~n55lrb/general_pts.html] IEA biological_process LOC409207 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409207 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409207 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC409212 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409212 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409212 GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component LOC409212 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC409212 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC409212 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409212 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409212 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409214 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409217 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409217 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409217 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409217 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409217 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC409217 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC409225 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409231 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409231 GO:0008235_13174_9 metalloexopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the N- or C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#EXOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC409231 GO:0008239_13174_7 dipeptidyl-peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain." [GOC:mb] IEA molecular_function LOC409231 GO:0016805_13174_7 dipeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a dipeptide." [http://www.onelook.com] IEA molecular_function LOC409235 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409240 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC409240 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409241 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409244 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC409247 GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409247 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409247 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC409247 GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process LOC409247 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409247 GO:0045893_6281_4 positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC409250 GO:0006807_6281_12 nitrogen compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium." [CHEBI:51143, GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409250 GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409251 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409251 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409255 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC409255 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409255 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409255 GO:0005096_13174_14 GTPase activator activity "Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409255 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409255 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409255 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC409255 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC409255 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC409255 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC409256 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409256 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409260 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409260 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409261 GO:0004370_13174_3 glycerol kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + glycerol = sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.30, RHEA:21647] IEA molecular_function LOC409261 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409261 GO:0006072_6281_5 glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409261 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409264 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409264 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409264 GO:0071722_6281_1 detoxification of arsenic-containing substance "Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of compounds containing arsenic, including arsenates, arsenites, and arsenides. These include transport of such compounds away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of arsenic or arsenic-containing compounds." [GOC:kmv, PMID:11313333, PMID:20221439] IEA biological_process LOC409265 GO:0004576_13174_1 oligosaccharyl transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a oligosaccharyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409265 GO:0006486_6281_13 protein glycosylation "A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins." [GOC:curators, GOC:pr] IEA biological_process LOC409265 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409268 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409268 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component LOC409268 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC409270 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409270 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409272 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409272 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC409272 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC409272 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC409272 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409272 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC409272 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409273 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409276 GO:0016307_13174_3 phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a phosphatidylinositol phosphate = ADP + a phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate." [EC:2.7.1.-, PMID:9759495] IEA molecular_function LOC409276 GO:0046488_6281_3 phosphatidylinositol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid in which a sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol." [CHEBI:28874, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409278 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409279 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409279 GO:0031461_3650_6 cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complex "Any ubiquitin ligase complex in which the catalytic core consists of a member of the cullin family and a RING domain protein; the core is associated with one or more additional proteins that confer substrate specificity." [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063] IEA cellular_component LOC409279 GO:0031625_13174_6 ubiquitin protein ligase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins." [GOC:vp] IEA molecular_function LOC409280 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409282 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409282 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409283 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409291 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409292 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409292 GO:0004449_13174_3 isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: isocitrate + NAD+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.41] IEA molecular_function LOC409292 GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409292 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409292 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409292 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC409295 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409295 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409298 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409299 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409299 GO:0004019_13174_1 adenylosuccinate synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-aspartate + GTP + IMP = N(6)-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-AMP + GDP + 3 H(+) + phosphate." [EC:6.3.4.4, RHEA:15756] IEA molecular_function LOC409299 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409299 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC409299 GO:0006164_6281_4 purine nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409303 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function LOC409303 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409303 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409303 GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409303 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409304 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409304 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409305 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409305 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409306 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409306 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409308 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409309 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409310 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409311 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409311 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409312 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409312 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409312 GO:0044238_6281_1 primary metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism." [GOC:go_curators, http://www.metacyc.org] IEA biological_process LOC409313 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409315 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409316 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409318 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409318 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409320 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409324 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409324 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409325 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409329 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409329 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409329 GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409331 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC409331 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409331 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC409333 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409334 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409334 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409335 GO:0006505_6281_2 GPI anchor metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors, molecular mechanisms for attaching membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of cell membranes. Structurally they consist of a molecule of phosphatidylinositol to which is linked, via the C-6 hydroxyl of the inositol, a carbohydrate chain. This chain is in turn linked to the protein through an ethanolamine phosphate group, the amino group of which is in amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein chain, the phosphate group being esterified to the C-6 hydroxyl of the terminal mannose of the core carbohydrate chain." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409335 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409335 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409335 GO:0031227_3650_9 intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane "Located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC409336 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409336 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409340 GO:0003684_13174_11 damaged DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with damaged DNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409340 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409340 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409340 GO:0006289_6281_7 nucleotide-excision repair "A DNA repair process in which a small region of the strand surrounding the damage is removed from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Nucleotide excision repair recognizes a wide range of substrates, including damage caused by UV irradiation (pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts) and chemicals (intrastrand cross-links and bulky adducts)." [PMID:10197977] IEA biological_process LOC409340 GO:0043161_6281_1 proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409342 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409342 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409342 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409342 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409342 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409348 GO:0004356_13174_2 glutamate-ammonia ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate + ATP + NH(4)(+) = L-glutamine + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate." [EC:6.3.1.2, RHEA:16172] IEA molecular_function LOC409348 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409348 GO:0006542_6281_2 glutamine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409348 GO:0006807_6281_12 nitrogen compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium." [CHEBI:51143, GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409350 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409350 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409353 GO:0005344_13174_7 oxygen transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of oxygen into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409353 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409353 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409353 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409365 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409365 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409365 GO:0005351_13174_8 sugar:hydrogen symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sugar(out) + H+(out) = sugar(in) + H+(in)." [TC:2.A.1.1.-] IEA molecular_function LOC409365 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409365 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409365 GO:0009401_6281_6 phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system "The uptake and phosphorylation of specific carbohydrates from the extracellular environment; uptake and phosphorylation are coupled, making the PTS a link between the uptake and metabolism of sugars; phosphoenolpyruvate is the original phosphate donor; phosphoenolpyruvate passes the phosphate via a signal transduction pathway, to enzyme 1 (E1), which in turn passes it on to the histidine protein, HPr; the next step in the system involves sugar-specific membrane-bound complex, enzyme 2 (EII), which transports the sugar into the cell; it includes the sugar permease, which catalyzes the transport reactions; EII is usually divided into three different domains, EIIA, EIIB, and EIIC." [http://www.ucs.mun.ca/~n55lrb/general_pts.html] IEA biological_process LOC409365 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC409367 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409368 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409379 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409382 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409382 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409382 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409382 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409382 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409384 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409384 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC409384 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC409384 GO:0042026_6281_1 protein refolding "The process carried out by a cell that restores the biological activity of an unfolded or misfolded protein, using helper proteins such as chaperones." [GOC:mb] IEA biological_process LOC409384 GO:0044267_6281_10 cellular protein metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC409385 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409385 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409385 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409385 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409389 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC409389 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409392 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409392 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC409392 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409392 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC409392 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409392 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC409394 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409394 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409394 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409394 GO:0008641_13174_3 small protein activating enzyme activity "Catalysis of the activation of small proteins, such as ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409394 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409394 GO:0045116_6281_1 protein neddylation "Covalent attachment of the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8 (RUB1) to another protein." [PMID:11698580] IEA biological_process LOC409395 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409395 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409396 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409396 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409403 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC409403 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409404 GO:0004601_13174_12 peroxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7] IEA molecular_function LOC409404 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC409406 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409406 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409409 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC409409 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC409409 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC409409 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409409 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC409409 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409417 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409417 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409417 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409420 GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409424 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC409424 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409424 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409424 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409424 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC409424 GO:0022891_13174_9 substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a specific substance or group of related substances from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC409424 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409425 GO:0003810_13174_3 protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein glutamine + alkylamine = protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3. This reaction is the formation of the N6-(L-isoglutamyl)-L-lysine isopeptide, resulting in cross-linking polypeptide chains; the gamma-carboxamide groups of peptidyl-glutamine residues act as acyl donors, and the 6-amino-groups of peptidyl-lysine residues act as acceptors, to give intra- and intermolecular N6-(5-glutamyl)lysine cross-links." [EC:2.3.2.13, RESID:AA0124] IEA molecular_function LOC409425 GO:0018149_6281_3 peptide cross-linking "The formation of a covalent cross-link between or within protein chains." [GOC:jsg] IEA biological_process LOC409427 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409429 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409430 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409437 GO:0004767_13174_1 sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + sphingomyelin = ceramide + choline phosphate + H(+)." [EC:3.1.4.12, RHEA:19256] IEA molecular_function LOC409437 GO:0006685_6281_1 sphingomyelin catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409437 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409439 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409439 GO:0006888_6281_6 ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport "The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:jp, GOC:tb, ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC409439 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409439 GO:0030127_3650_3 COPII vesicle coat "One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. COPII is best characterized in S. cerevisiae, where the subunits are called Sar1p, Sec13p, Sec31p, Sec23p, and Sec24p. Vesicles with COPII coats are found associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes at steady state." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, PMID:11252894] IEA cellular_component LOC409444 GO:0003876_13174_1 AMP deaminase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: AMP + H2O = IMP + NH3." [EC:3.5.4.6] IEA molecular_function LOC409444 GO:0006188_6281_2 IMP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of IMP, inosine monophosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409444 GO:0009168_6281_5 purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409444 GO:0019239_13174_5 deaminase activity "Catalysis of the removal of an amino group from a substrate, producing ammonia (NH3)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409448 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409448 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC409454 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409454 GO:0006400_6281_7 tRNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within a tRNA molecule to produce a tRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC409454 GO:0008479_13174_4 queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA guanine + queuine = tRNA queuine + guanine." [EC:2.4.2.29] IEA molecular_function LOC409454 GO:0008616_6281_4 queuosine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of queuosines, any of a series of nucleosides found in tRNA and having an additional pentenyl ring added via an NH group to the methyl group of 7-methylguanosine. The pentenyl ring may carry other substituents." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409455 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409455 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409455 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC409455 GO:0007548_6281_5 sex differentiation "The establishment of the sex of an organism by physical differentiation." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409455 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409456 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409456 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409456 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409456 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409456 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409456 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC409456 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409456 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409456 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC409456 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409456 GO:0008134_13174_12 transcription factor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409456 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409456 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409457 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409457 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409459 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409459 GO:0004176_13174_3 ATP-dependent peptidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409459 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC409459 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409459 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409459 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409459 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC409460 GO:0000103_6281_2 sulfate assimilation "The pathways by which inorganic sulfate is processed and incorporated into sulfated compounds." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC409460 GO:0004781_13174_2 sulfate adenylyltransferase (ATP) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + sulfate = diphosphate + adenylylsulfate." [EC:2.7.7.4] IEA molecular_function LOC409460 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409460 GO:0016301_13174_14 kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409460 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409463 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409467 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC409467 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409467 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409467 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409468 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC409468 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409470 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409470 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409472 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409481 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409481 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409481 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409481 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409481 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409485 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409485 GO:0051539_13174_10 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 4 iron, 4 sulfur (4Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of four iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC409486 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409487 GO:0003952_13174_1 NAD+ synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + deamido-NAD+ + L-glutamine + H2O = AMP + diphosphate + NAD+ + L-glutamate." [EC:6.3.5.1] IEA molecular_function LOC409487 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409487 GO:0006807_6281_12 nitrogen compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium." [CHEBI:51143, GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409487 GO:0009435_6281_3 NAD biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; biosynthesis may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0618254153] IEA biological_process LOC409487 GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409488 GO:0004719_13174_3 protein-L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein L-beta-aspartate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein L-beta-aspartate methyl ester." [EC:2.1.1.77] IEA molecular_function LOC409488 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409493 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409494 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409494 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409495 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409497 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409497 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409499 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409499 GO:0003854_13174_12 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-beta-hydroxy-delta(5)-steroid + NAD+ = a 3-oxo-delta(5)-steroid + NADH + H(+)." [EC:1.1.1.145] IEA molecular_function LOC409499 GO:0003978_13174_2 UDP-glucose 4-epimerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose = UDP-galactose." [EC:5.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC409499 GO:0006012_6281_5 galactose metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose. D-galactose is widely distributed in combined form in plants, animals and microorganisms as a constituent of oligo- and polysaccharides; it also occurs in galactolipids and as its glucoside in lactose and melibiose." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409499 GO:0006694_6281_12 steroid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409499 GO:0008831_13174_4 dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-6-deoxy-L-mannose + NADP(+) = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-L-mannose + H(+) + NADPH." [EC:1.1.1.133, RHEA:21799] IEA molecular_function LOC409499 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409499 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409499 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409499 GO:0045226_6281_6 extracellular polysaccharide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides used in extracellular structures." [GOC:ai, GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409499 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409499 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC409501 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC409501 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409501 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409502 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409504 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409507 GO:0016301_13174_14 kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409507 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409509 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409509 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409509 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC409515 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409515 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409517 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC409517 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409517 GO:0008234_13174_15 cysteine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC409521 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409521 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409527 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC409527 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC409527 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC409527 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409527 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409527 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409527 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC409527 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409527 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409529 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409529 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409529 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409529 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409529 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409529 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409529 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC409529 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409529 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409529 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409530 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC409530 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409530 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409530 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component LOC409531 GO:0006897_6281_3 endocytosis "A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC409531 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409533 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409533 GO:0005544_13174_4 calcium-dependent phospholipid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phospholipids, a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester, in the presence of calcium." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409536 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409536 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409536 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409536 GO:0004427_13174_7 inorganic diphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + H(2)O = H(+) + 2 phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.1, RHEA:24579] IEA molecular_function LOC409536 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409536 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC409536 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409536 GO:0006796_6281_7 phosphate-containing compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the phosphate group, the anion or salt of any phosphoric acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409538 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409539 GO:0007026_6281_3 negative regulation of microtubule depolymerization "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule depolymerization; prevention of depolymerization of a microtubule can result from binding by 'capping' at the plus end (e.g. by interaction with another cellular protein of structure) or by exposing microtubules to a stabilizing drug such as taxol." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC409546 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409547 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409548 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC409548 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409548 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409553 GO:0016209_13174_7 antioxidant activity "Inhibition of the reactions brought about by dioxygen (O2) or peroxides. Usually the antioxidant is effective because it can itself be more easily oxidized than the substance protected. The term is often applied to components that can trap free radicals, thereby breaking the chain reaction that normally leads to extensive biological damage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409553 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409553 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC409559 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409559 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409560 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409564 GO:0000151_3650_13 ubiquitin ligase complex "A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex." [PMID:9529603] IEA cellular_component LOC409564 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function LOC409564 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409564 GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409565 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409565 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409565 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409569 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409571 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409573 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC409573 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC409573 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409573 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC409573 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409573 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409578 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409581 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC409581 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC409581 GO:0008290_3650_2 F-actin capping protein complex "A heterodimer consisting of alpha and beta subunits that binds to and caps the barbed ends of actin filaments, thereby regulating the polymerization of actin monomers but not severing actin filaments." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198599560] IEA cellular_component LOC409581 GO:0030036_6281_8 actin cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409593 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409593 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409594 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409595 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC409595 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC409595 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409595 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409600 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409604 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409607 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409608 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409610 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409610 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC409613 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409613 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409613 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409613 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409614 GO:0004623_13174_8 phospholipase A2 activity "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate." [EC:3.1.1.4] IEA molecular_function LOC409614 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409614 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409614 GO:0006644_6281_7 phospholipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409614 GO:0016042_6281_9 lipid catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409617 GO:0008060_13174_9 ARF GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409617 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409617 GO:0032312_6281_9 regulation of ARF GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409619 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC409619 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409620 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409624 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409624 GO:0003987_13174_1 acetate-CoA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + acetate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + acetyl-CoA." [EC:6.2.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC409624 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409624 GO:0016208_13174_1 AMP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with AMP, adenosine monophosphate." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409633 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409633 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409633 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409633 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409633 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC409633 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409633 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409633 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409638 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409642 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC409642 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC409642 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409642 GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409646 GO:0003333_6281_8 amino acid transmembrane transport "The directed movement of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC409646 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409646 GO:0015171_13174_8 amino acid transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Amino acids are organic molecules that contain an amino group and a carboxyl group." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC409646 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409646 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409647 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409647 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC409649 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC409649 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409649 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409649 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409649 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409650 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC409650 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409650 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409655 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409660 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409660 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409660 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409660 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409660 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409660 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409660 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC409665 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409666 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409666 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409666 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409666 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409666 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC409667 GO:0005740_3650_5 mitochondrial envelope "The double lipid bilayer enclosing the mitochondrion and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space." [GOC:ai, GOC:pz] IEA cellular_component LOC409667 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409667 GO:0043065_6281_1 positive regulation of apoptotic process "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_apoptosis] IEA biological_process LOC409670 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC409670 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409670 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409670 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409670 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409670 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409671 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409671 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409675 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409680 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409680 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC409681 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409686 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409686 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409686 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409686 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409686 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409686 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409686 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409686 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409686 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC409688 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409691 GO:0004190_13174_12 aspartic-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409691 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409692 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC409692 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409693 GO:0046854_6281_14 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a phosphatidylinositol, any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409696 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409696 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409697 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC409697 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409698 GO:0008654_6281_10 phospholipid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409698 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409698 GO:0016780_13174_6 phosphotransferase activity, for other substituted phosphate groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a substituted phosphate group, other than diphosphate or nucleotidyl residues, from one compound (donor) to a another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/EC2/intro.html] IEA molecular_function LOC409699 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409701 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409701 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409701 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409702 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC409702 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409702 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409707 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409708 GO:0004348_13174_2 glucosylceramidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = D-glucose + N-acylsphingosine." [EC:3.2.1.45] IEA molecular_function LOC409708 GO:0005764_3650_2 lysosome "A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409708 GO:0006665_6281_2 sphingolipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409708 GO:0007040_6281_2 lysosome organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lysosome. A lysosome is a cytoplasmic, membrane-bounded organelle that is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409709 GO:0004348_13174_2 glucosylceramidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = D-glucose + N-acylsphingosine." [EC:3.2.1.45] IEA molecular_function LOC409709 GO:0005764_3650_2 lysosome "A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409709 GO:0006665_6281_2 sphingolipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409709 GO:0007040_6281_2 lysosome organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lysosome. A lysosome is a cytoplasmic, membrane-bounded organelle that is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409711 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409712 GO:0003995_13174_10 acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor." [EC:1.3.99.3] IEA molecular_function LOC409712 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409712 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409712 GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409712 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC409713 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409714 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function LOC409714 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC409714 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409714 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409715 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409715 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409715 GO:0006821_6281_7 chloride transport "The directed movement of chloride into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process LOC409715 GO:0015377_13174_3 cation:chloride symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: cation(out) + Cl-(out) = cation(in) + Cl-(in)." [TC:2.A.30.-.-] IEA molecular_function LOC409715 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409715 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409715 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409717 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409717 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409718 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC409718 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC409718 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409718 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC409718 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409721 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409721 GO:0016769_13174_14 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409721 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409722 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409722 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409722 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409725 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409726 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409729 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409729 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409731 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC409731 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409731 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409731 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC409731 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409736 GO:0004491_13174_1 methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (acylating) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + CoA + NAD+ = propanoyl-CoA + CO2 + NADH + H+." [EC:1.2.1.27] IEA molecular_function LOC409736 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409736 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409736 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC409739 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409743 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409751 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC409753 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409753 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409753 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409755 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409757 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409757 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC409757 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC409757 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409759 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409759 GO:0004568_13174_11 chitinase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins." [EC:3.2.1.14, GOC:bf, GOC:kah, GOC:pde, PMID:11468293] IEA molecular_function LOC409759 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409759 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409759 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409759 GO:0006032_6281_11 chitin catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409759 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409766 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409766 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409766 GO:0048037_13174_7 cofactor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cofactor, a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein. Cofactors may be inorganic, such as the metal atoms zinc, iron, and copper in certain forms, or organic, in which case they are referred to as coenzymes. Cofactors may either be bound tightly to active sites or bind loosely with the substrate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409766 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC409768 GO:0004866_13174_7 endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an endopeptidase, any enzyme that hydrolyzes nonterminal peptide bonds in polypeptides." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409770 GO:0004835_13174_12 tubulin-tyrosine ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + detyrosinated alpha-tubulin + L-tyrosine = alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.25] IEA molecular_function LOC409770 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409774 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409774 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409775 GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC409777 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409777 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC409777 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409778 GO:0016812_13174_3 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a cyclic amide." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409780 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409781 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409781 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409781 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409782 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409782 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409783 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409783 GO:0046914_13174_11 transition metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transition metal ions; a transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409783 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC409786 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC409786 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409786 GO:0016043_6281_8 cellular component organization "A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component." [GOC:ai, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409786 GO:0030036_6281_8 actin cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409787 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409787 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC409787 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component LOC409788 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409789 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC409789 GO:0005044_13174_8 scavenger receptor activity "Combining with any modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or other polyanionic ligand and delivering the ligand into the cell via endocytosis. Ligands include acetylated and oxidized LDL, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, apoptotic cells, beta-amyloid fibrils, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs)." [GOC:bf, PMID:11790542, PMID:12379907, PMID:12621157, PMID:20981357] IEA molecular_function LOC409789 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409789 GO:0006955_6281_5 immune response "Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05] IEA biological_process LOC409789 GO:0008234_13174_15 cysteine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC409789 GO:0030247_13174_2 polysaccharide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any polysaccharide, a polymer of more than 20 monosaccharide residues joined by glycosidic linkages." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409789 GO:0031177_13174_11 phosphopantetheine binding "Interacting selectively with phosphopantetheine, the vitamin pantetheine 4'-(dihydrogen phosphate)." [CHEBI:16858, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409790 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409792 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC409792 GO:0005452_13174_2 inorganic anion exchanger activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: inorganic anion A(out) + inorganic anion B(in) = inorganic anion A(in) + inorganic anion B(out)." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409792 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409792 GO:0006820_6281_6 anion transport "The directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409792 GO:0008509_13174_2 anion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a negatively charged ion from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dgf, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC409792 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409792 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409794 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409804 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409807 GO:0016301_13174_14 kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409807 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409809 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409809 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC409809 GO:0044267_6281_10 cellular protein metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC409809 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409810 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409811 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409811 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409811 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409811 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409811 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC409811 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409814 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409814 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409822 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC409822 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC409829 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409831 GO:0004298_13174_13 threonine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC409831 GO:0005839_3650_13 proteasome core complex "A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex." [GOC:rb, PMID:10806206] IEA cellular_component LOC409831 GO:0051603_6281_13 proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process "The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC409833 GO:0000154_6281_3 rRNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an rRNA molecule to produce an rRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC409833 GO:0000179_13174_3 rRNA (adenine-N6,N6-)-dimethyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the dimethylation two adjacent A residues in the loop closing the 3'-terminal stem of the 18S rRNA, using S-adenosyl-L-methionine as a methyl donor." [ISBN:1555811337, PMID:10690410] IEA molecular_function LOC409833 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409833 GO:0006479_6281_4 protein methylation "The addition of a methyl group to a protein amino acid. A methyl group is derived from methane by the removal of a hydrogen atom." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409833 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409833 GO:0008276_13174_4 protein methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group (CH3-) to a protein." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409833 GO:0008649_13174_3 rRNA methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to a nucleoside residue in an rRNA molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409833 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409835 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409836 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409836 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409836 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC409841 GO:0004707_13174_6 MAP kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein + ATP = protein phosphate + ADP. This reaction is the phosphorylation of proteins. Mitogen-activated protein kinase; a family of protein kinases that perform a crucial step in relaying signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. They are activated by a wide range of proliferation- or differentiation-inducing signals; activation is strong with agonists such as polypeptide growth factors and tumor-promoting phorbol esters, but weak (in most cell backgrounds) by stress stimuli." [GOC:ma, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409841 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409841 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409841 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC409841 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409847 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409847 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409847 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409847 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409847 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409848 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409848 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409848 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC409856 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409856 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409856 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409856 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409860 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409860 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409862 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409866 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409866 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409866 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409866 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409866 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409866 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC409868 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409868 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC409868 GO:0004427_13174_7 inorganic diphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + H(2)O = H(+) + 2 phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.1, RHEA:24579] IEA molecular_function LOC409868 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409868 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC409868 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409868 GO:0006796_6281_7 phosphate-containing compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the phosphate group, the anion or salt of any phosphoric acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409868 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409868 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC409868 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409868 GO:0031012_3650_9 extracellular matrix "A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals and bacteria) or be part of the cell (as in plants)." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC409870 GO:0004190_13174_12 aspartic-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409870 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409871 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409878 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409878 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409879 GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409879 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409879 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409879 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409879 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409882 GO:0016998_6281_3 cell wall macromolecule catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409884 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409884 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409885 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409885 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC409885 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409885 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409886 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409888 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409888 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409890 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function LOC409890 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC409892 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409892 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409893 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409896 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409896 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409896 GO:0043169_13174_10 cation binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cations, charged atoms or groups of atoms with a net positive charge." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409897 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409897 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409897 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409897 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409897 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409897 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC409897 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409897 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409898 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component LOC409899 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC409899 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409899 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409899 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409900 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409900 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409902 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409902 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409903 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409903 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409903 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409903 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409903 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC409903 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409903 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409903 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409904 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409905 GO:0016747_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409912 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409912 GO:0005834_3650_5 heterotrimeric G-protein complex "Any of a family of heterotrimeric GTP-binding and hydrolyzing proteins; they belong to a superfamily of GTPases that includes monomeric proteins such as EF-Tu and RAS. Heterotrimeric G-proteins consist of three subunits; the alpha subunit contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and possesses GTPase activity; the beta and gamma subunits are tightly associated and function as a beta-gamma heterodimer; extrinsic plasma membrane proteins (cytoplasmic face) that function as a complex to transduce signals from G-protein coupled receptors to an effector protein." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC409912 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC409912 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC409912 GO:0038032_6281_14 termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The signaling process in which G-protein coupled receptor signaling is brought to an end. For example, through the action of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that act to accelerate hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on G-alpha proteins, thereby terminating the transduced signal." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC409918 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409918 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409919 GO:0006835_6281_8 dicarboxylic acid transport "The directed movement of dicarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process LOC409919 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409919 GO:0017153_13174_8 sodium:dicarboxylate symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dicarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = dicarboxylate(in) + Na+(in)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409920 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409924 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC409924 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409924 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409924 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409924 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC409924 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409932 GO:0003333_6281_8 amino acid transmembrane transport "The directed movement of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC409932 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409932 GO:0015171_13174_8 amino acid transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Amino acids are organic molecules that contain an amino group and a carboxyl group." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC409932 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409932 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC409936 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409936 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409936 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409941 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409942 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409949 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409950 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409950 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409950 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409950 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC409950 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409950 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC409952 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC409952 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC409952 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC409952 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409952 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC409952 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409953 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409955 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409961 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC409965 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC409965 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC409965 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC409965 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409965 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC409965 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409966 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC409966 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409966 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC409966 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC409966 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409966 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409966 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC409966 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409966 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC409966 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC409969 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process LOC409969 GO:0017150_13174_4 tRNA dihydrouridine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA-uracil + acceptor = tRNA-dihydrouridine + reduced acceptor." [PMID:11983710] IEA molecular_function LOC409969 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409969 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC409970 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC409970 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function LOC409970 GO:0031012_3650_9 extracellular matrix "A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals and bacteria) or be part of the cell (as in plants)." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC409978 GO:0004175_13174_11 endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC409978 GO:0004298_13174_13 threonine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC409978 GO:0005839_3650_13 proteasome core complex "A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex." [GOC:rb, PMID:10806206] IEA cellular_component LOC409978 GO:0051603_6281_13 proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process "The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC409985 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC409985 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409985 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC409986 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC409986 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409986 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC409986 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC409986 GO:0032934_13174_3 sterol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sterol, any steroid containing a hydroxy group in the 3 position, closely related to cholestan-3-ol." [CHEBI:15889, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409989 GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC409989 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC409989 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC409991 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC409999 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC410001 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410001 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410001 GO:0017137_13174_2 Rab GTPase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rab protein, any member of the Rab subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410003 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410004 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410004 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410004 GO:0006352_6281_14 DNA-dependent transcription, initiation "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:jid, GOC:txnOH, PMID:18280161] IEA biological_process LOC410022 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410022 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC410022 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410022 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410022 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410023 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410024 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410024 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410024 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410024 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410026 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410026 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410026 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC410026 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410026 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410026 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC410026 GO:0030163_6281_11 protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410027 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410027 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410027 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC410027 GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410030 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410034 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410037 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410037 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410038 GO:0005102_13174_13 receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410038 GO:0005201_13174_6 extracellular matrix structural constituent "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410038 GO:0005581_3650_5 collagen "Any of the various assemblies in which collagen chains form a left-handed triple helix; may assemble into higher order structures." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0721639976] IEA cellular_component LOC410038 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410039 GO:0006520_6281_15 cellular amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33709, GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410039 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410039 GO:0016829_13174_6 lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring." [EC:4.-.-.-, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410040 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410042 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410042 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410042 GO:0048037_13174_7 cofactor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cofactor, a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein. Cofactors may be inorganic, such as the metal atoms zinc, iron, and copper in certain forms, or organic, in which case they are referred to as coenzymes. Cofactors may either be bound tightly to active sites or bind loosely with the substrate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410042 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410042 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410043 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410044 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410044 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410045 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410045 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410054 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410057 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410059 GO:0004108_13174_1 citrate (Si)-synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + H2O + oxaloacetate = citrate + CoA, where the acetyl group is added to the si-face of oxaloacetate; acetyl-CoA thus provides the two carbon atoms of the pro-S carboxymethyl group." [EC:2.3.3.1, ISBN:0121227073] IEA molecular_function LOC410059 GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410059 GO:0044262_6281_8 cellular carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC410059 GO:0046912_13174_3 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups, acyl groups converted into alkyl on transfer "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor), with the acyl group being converted into alkyl on transfer." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410060 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410060 GO:0005249_13174_12 voltage-gated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410060 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410060 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410060 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410060 GO:0008076_3650_11 voltage-gated potassium channel complex "A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC410060 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410060 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410061 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410067 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410067 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410071 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410071 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410071 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410071 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410074 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410074 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC410074 GO:0008241_13174_4 peptidyl-dipeptidase activity "Catalysis of the release of C-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain." [GOC:mb] IEA molecular_function LOC410074 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410075 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410076 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410076 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410076 GO:0016301_13174_14 kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410076 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410078 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410079 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410079 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410079 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410080 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410080 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410085 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410085 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410091 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410091 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410091 GO:0016070_6281_11 RNA metabolic process "The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410094 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410095 GO:0004175_13174_11 endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC410095 GO:0004298_13174_13 threonine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC410095 GO:0005839_3650_13 proteasome core complex "A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex." [GOC:rb, PMID:10806206] IEA cellular_component LOC410095 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410095 GO:0019773_3650_6 proteasome core complex, alpha-subunit complex "The proteasome core subcomplex that constitutes the two outer rings of the proteasome core complex. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:rb, PMID:10854779] IEA cellular_component LOC410095 GO:0051603_6281_13 proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process "The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC410096 GO:0003840_13174_3 gamma-glutamyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (5-L-glutamyl)-peptide + an amino acid = peptide + 5-L-glutamyl-amino acid." [EC:2.3.2.2] IEA molecular_function LOC410097 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410097 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410097 GO:0004518_13174_9 nuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410097 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC410097 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410098 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410098 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410102 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC410102 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410102 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410102 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410103 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410106 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410106 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410107 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410107 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410108 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410108 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410109 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC410109 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410109 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410114 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC410114 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410114 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410114 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410116 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410116 GO:0005834_3650_5 heterotrimeric G-protein complex "Any of a family of heterotrimeric GTP-binding and hydrolyzing proteins; they belong to a superfamily of GTPases that includes monomeric proteins such as EF-Tu and RAS. Heterotrimeric G-proteins consist of three subunits; the alpha subunit contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and possesses GTPase activity; the beta and gamma subunits are tightly associated and function as a beta-gamma heterodimer; extrinsic plasma membrane proteins (cytoplasmic face) that function as a complex to transduce signals from G-protein coupled receptors to an effector protein." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC410116 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC410117 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410117 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410117 GO:0006071_6281_4 glycerol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410117 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC410117 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410117 GO:0008889_13174_3 glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a glycerophosphodiester + H2O = an alcohol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate." [EC:3.1.4.46] IEA molecular_function LOC410117 GO:0030246_13174_13 carbohydrate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates." [CHEBI:16646, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410118 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410118 GO:0006024_6281_1 glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosaminoglycans, any of a group of polysaccharides that contain amino sugars." [ISBN:0192800981] IEA biological_process LOC410118 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410118 GO:0016857_13174_1 racemase and epimerase activity, acting on carbohydrates and derivatives "Catalysis of a reaction that alters the configuration of one or more chiral centers in a carbohydrate molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410119 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC410119 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC410119 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC410119 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410119 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC410119 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410121 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC410128 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410132 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410132 GO:0042765_3650_2 GPI-anchor transamidase complex "An enzyme complex which in humans and yeast consists of at least five proteins; for example, the complex contains GAA1, GPI8, PIG-S, PIG-U, and PIG-T in human, and Gaa1p, Gab1p, Gpi8p, Gpi16p, and Gpi17p in yeast. Catalyzes the posttranslational attachment of the carboxyl-terminus of a precursor protein to a GPI-anchor." [GOC:jl, GOC:rb, PMID:12802054] IEA cellular_component LOC410134 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410136 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410136 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410144 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410144 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410144 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410144 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC410148 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410148 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410148 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410148 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410148 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function LOC410149 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410149 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410149 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function LOC410149 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410155 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410158 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC410158 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410158 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410158 GO:0007010_6281_12 cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410159 GO:0001104_13174_10 RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function LOC410159 GO:0006357_6281_13 regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410159 GO:0016592_3650_10 mediator complex "A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins." [PMID:11454195, PMID:16168358, PMID:17870225] IEA cellular_component LOC410162 GO:0008242_13174_5 omega peptidase activity "Catalysis of the removal of terminal peptide residues that are substituted, cyclized or linked by isopeptide bonds (peptide linkages other than those of alpha-carboxyl to alpha-amino groups)." [EC:3.4.19.-] IEA molecular_function LOC410165 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410166 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410166 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC410166 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410167 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410167 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410167 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410170 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410170 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410171 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC410171 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410172 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410178 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410178 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410178 GO:0031177_13174_11 phosphopantetheine binding "Interacting selectively with phosphopantetheine, the vitamin pantetheine 4'-(dihydrogen phosphate)." [CHEBI:16858, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410178 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410179 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410179 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410192 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410192 GO:0004114_13174_10 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside 5'-phosphate." [EC:3.1.4.17] IEA molecular_function LOC410192 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410192 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410192 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410195 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410195 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410198 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410198 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410200 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410200 GO:0042254_6281_10 ribosome biogenesis "A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC410203 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410203 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC410203 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410203 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410203 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410203 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410204 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410204 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410205 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410206 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC410207 GO:0004152_13174_2 dihydroorotate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-dihydroorotate + A = AH(2) + orotate." [EC:1.3.5.2, RHEA:18076] IEA molecular_function LOC410207 GO:0004158_13174_2 dihydroorotate oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-dihydroorotate + O(2) = H(2)O(2) + orotate." [EC:1.3.3.1, RHEA:15444] IEA molecular_function LOC410207 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC410207 GO:0006207_6281_5 'de novo' pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyrimidine nucleobases, 1,3-diazine, organic nitrogenous bases, beginning with the synthesis of a pyrimidine ring from simpler precursors." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716720094] IEA biological_process LOC410207 GO:0006222_6281_2 UMP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UMP, uridine monophosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410207 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410207 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410207 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410207 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410208 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC410208 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC410208 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC410208 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410208 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC410208 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410208 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410216 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410218 GO:0005787_3650_4 signal peptidase complex "A protein complex that is located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and cleaves the signal sequence from precursor proteins following their transport out of the cytoplasmic space." [GOC:sgd_curators, PMID:1846444, PMID:7615509] IEA cellular_component LOC410218 GO:0006465_6281_5 signal peptide processing "The proteolytic removal of a signal peptide from a protein during or after transport to a specific location in the cell." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC410218 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function LOC410218 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410220 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410225 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410225 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410227 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410227 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410234 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410234 GO:0003854_13174_12 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-beta-hydroxy-delta(5)-steroid + NAD+ = a 3-oxo-delta(5)-steroid + NADH + H(+)." [EC:1.1.1.145] IEA molecular_function LOC410234 GO:0006694_6281_12 steroid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410234 GO:0008831_13174_4 dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-6-deoxy-L-mannose + NADP(+) = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-L-mannose + H(+) + NADPH." [EC:1.1.1.133, RHEA:21799] IEA molecular_function LOC410234 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410234 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410234 GO:0045226_6281_6 extracellular polysaccharide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides used in extracellular structures." [GOC:ai, GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410234 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410234 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410237 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410237 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410237 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410240 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410246 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410246 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410256 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410259 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC410259 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410259 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410259 GO:0005667_3650_10 transcription factor complex "A protein complex, distinct from RNA polymerase, that associates with DNA at promoters or at cis-acting regulatory sequences, by direct binding or by interaction with other DNA-binding polypeptides or complexes, and regulates transcription." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC410259 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410259 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410259 GO:0007179_6281_7 transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC410261 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410261 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC410264 GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410264 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410264 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process LOC410264 GO:0017150_13174_4 tRNA dihydrouridine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA-uracil + acceptor = tRNA-dihydrouridine + reduced acceptor." [PMID:11983710] IEA molecular_function LOC410264 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410264 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410266 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410266 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410266 GO:0003689_13174_6 DNA clamp loader activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the opening of the ring structure of the PCNA complex, or any of the related sliding clamp complexes, and their closing around the DNA duplex." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:16082778] IEA molecular_function LOC410266 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410266 GO:0005663_3650_6 DNA replication factor C complex "A complex of five polypeptides in eukaryotes, and two in prokaryotes, that loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA, thereby permitting processive DNA synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase." [PMID:14614842, PMID:14646196, PMID:16172520] IEA cellular_component LOC410266 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410266 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC410269 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410269 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410269 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410269 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410269 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410269 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC410269 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410269 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410272 GO:0003333_6281_8 amino acid transmembrane transport "The directed movement of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC410272 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410272 GO:0015171_13174_8 amino acid transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Amino acids are organic molecules that contain an amino group and a carboxyl group." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410272 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410272 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410274 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410274 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410274 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410274 GO:0006357_6281_13 regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410274 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410274 GO:0032784_6281_3 regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, elongation "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410282 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410286 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410289 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410289 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC410289 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410289 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410289 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410289 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410289 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410289 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410289 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC410289 GO:0030163_6281_11 protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410291 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410291 GO:0008235_13174_9 metalloexopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the N- or C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#EXOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC410291 GO:0008239_13174_7 dipeptidyl-peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain." [GOC:mb] IEA molecular_function LOC410291 GO:0016805_13174_7 dipeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a dipeptide." [http://www.onelook.com] IEA molecular_function LOC410294 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410295 GO:0006400_6281_7 tRNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within a tRNA molecule to produce a tRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC410295 GO:0008479_13174_4 queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA guanine + queuine = tRNA queuine + guanine." [EC:2.4.2.29] IEA molecular_function LOC410295 GO:0008616_6281_4 queuosine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of queuosines, any of a series of nucleosides found in tRNA and having an additional pentenyl ring added via an NH group to the methyl group of 7-methylguanosine. The pentenyl ring may carry other substituents." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410296 GO:0003333_6281_8 amino acid transmembrane transport "The directed movement of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC410296 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410296 GO:0015171_13174_8 amino acid transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Amino acids are organic molecules that contain an amino group and a carboxyl group." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410296 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410296 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410297 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410297 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410297 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410297 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410297 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410297 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410297 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC410299 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410304 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410304 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC410304 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC410304 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410304 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410304 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410304 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410304 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410304 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410304 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410304 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410304 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410306 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410306 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410306 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410306 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410306 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410306 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410306 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410306 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410306 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410308 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410318 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC410318 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410318 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410318 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410318 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410318 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410318 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410320 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410325 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410325 GO:0003857_13174_2 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NAD+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADH + H(+)." [EC:1.1.1.35] IEA molecular_function LOC410325 GO:0004300_13174_1 enoyl-CoA hydratase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (3S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA = trans-2-enoyl-CoA + H2O." [EC:4.2.1.17] IEA molecular_function LOC410325 GO:0005739_3650_12 mitochondrion "A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410325 GO:0006631_6281_5 fatty acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410325 GO:0006635_6281_4 fatty acid beta-oxidation "A fatty acid oxidation process that results in the complete oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and occurs by successive cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A; the cycle continues until only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732, MetaCyc:FAO-PWY] IEA biological_process LOC410325 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410325 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410325 GO:0016507_3650_1 mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation multienzyme complex "A complex that includes the long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase and long-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase activities in two subunits (alpha and beta), catalyzing two steps of the fatty acid beta-oxidation cycle within the mitochondrial matrix." [GOC:ma] IEA cellular_component LOC410325 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410325 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410326 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410326 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410326 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC410326 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410328 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410328 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410328 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410330 GO:0006659_6281_1 phosphatidylserine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylserines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of L-serine." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410332 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410332 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410332 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410332 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410334 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410334 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410336 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410336 GO:0008236_13174_15 serine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC410336 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410337 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410337 GO:0008236_13174_15 serine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC410337 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410340 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410341 GO:0001522_6281_10 pseudouridine synthesis "The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine within an RNA molecule. This posttranscriptional base modification occurs in tRNA, rRNA, and snRNAs." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410341 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410341 GO:0009451_6281_12 RNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an RNA molecule to produce an RNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:1555811337] IEA biological_process LOC410341 GO:0009982_13174_10 pseudouridine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RNA uridine = RNA pseudouridine. Conversion of uridine in an RNA molecule to pseudouridine by rotation of the C1'-N-1 glycosidic bond of uridine in RNA to a C1'-C5." [EC:5.4.99.12, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410343 GO:0005643_3650_7 nuclear pore "Any of the numerous similar discrete openings in the nuclear envelope of a eukaryotic cell, where the inner and outer nuclear membranes are joined." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC410343 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410345 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410350 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410352 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410352 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410352 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410352 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410353 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410362 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410362 GO:0004497_13174_7 monooxygenase activity "Catalysis of the incorporation of one atom from molecular oxygen into a compound and the reduction of the other atom of oxygen to water." [http://www.onelook.com/, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410362 GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410362 GO:0016715_13174_3 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced ascorbate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced ascorbate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410362 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410363 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410363 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410363 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410366 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410366 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410366 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410368 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410368 GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component LOC410368 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC410368 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410368 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410371 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410371 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410371 GO:0005388_13174_3 calcium-transporting ATPase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ca2+(cis) = ADP + phosphate + Ca2+(trans)." [EC:3.6.3.8] IEA molecular_function LOC410371 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410371 GO:0006754_6281_7 ATP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410371 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410371 GO:0006816_6281_3 calcium ion transport "The directed movement of calcium (Ca) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410371 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410371 GO:0015662_13174_15 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate." [PMID:10322420, PMID:10600683] IEA molecular_function LOC410371 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410371 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410371 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410373 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410373 GO:0008236_13174_15 serine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC410373 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410376 GO:0003747_13174_4 translation release factor activity "Involved in catalyzing the release of a nascent polypeptide chain from a ribosome." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410376 GO:0006415_6281_4 translational termination "The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome, usually in response to a termination codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA in the universal genetic code)." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process LOC410377 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410377 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410381 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410383 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410383 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410383 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410383 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410385 GO:0004177_13174_10 aminopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal amino acid residues from in a polypeptide chain." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410385 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410385 GO:0008235_13174_9 metalloexopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the N- or C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#EXOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC410385 GO:0009987_6281_8 cellular process "Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] IEA biological_process LOC410388 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410388 GO:0005575_3650_2 cellular_component "The part of a cell or its extracellular environment in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410388 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC410388 GO:0006400_6281_7 tRNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within a tRNA molecule to produce a tRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC410388 GO:0009451_6281_12 RNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an RNA molecule to produce an RNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:1555811337] IEA biological_process LOC410388 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410388 GO:0043412_6281_1 macromolecule modification "The covalent alteration of one or more monomeric units in a polypeptide, polynucleotide, polysaccharide, or other biological macromolecule, resulting in a change in its properties." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410388 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410388 GO:0051539_13174_10 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 4 iron, 4 sulfur (4Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of four iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC410390 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410390 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410390 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410390 GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410393 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410393 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410393 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410394 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC410394 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410394 GO:0006915_6281_8 apoptotic process "A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathways) which typically lead to rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. The process ends when the cell has died. The process is divided into a signaling pathway phase and into an execution phase, which is triggered by the former." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:18846107, PMID:21494263] IEA biological_process LOC410394 GO:0008234_13174_15 cysteine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC410395 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410396 GO:0004449_13174_3 isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: isocitrate + NAD+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.41] IEA molecular_function LOC410396 GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410396 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410396 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410399 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410399 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410403 GO:0008537_3650_1 proteasome activator complex "A multisubunit complex that activates the hydrolysis of small nonubiquitinated peptides by binding to the proteasome core complex." [GOC:rb] IEA cellular_component LOC410406 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC410406 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410406 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC410406 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410410 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410410 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC410412 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC410412 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC410412 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC410412 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410412 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC410412 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410413 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410413 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410413 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410414 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410414 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410414 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410414 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410415 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410415 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410415 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410415 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410415 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410415 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410415 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410415 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410415 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410415 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410417 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function LOC410417 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410417 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC410417 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410417 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410419 GO:0004170_13174_1 dUTP diphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: dUTP + H2O = dUMP + diphosphate." [EC:3.6.1.23] IEA molecular_function LOC410419 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410419 GO:0046080_6281_1 dUTP metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving dUTP, deoxyuridine (5'-)triphosphate." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410420 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410420 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410428 GO:0004835_13174_12 tubulin-tyrosine ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + detyrosinated alpha-tubulin + L-tyrosine = alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.25] IEA molecular_function LOC410428 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410432 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410432 GO:0003854_13174_12 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-beta-hydroxy-delta(5)-steroid + NAD+ = a 3-oxo-delta(5)-steroid + NADH + H(+)." [EC:1.1.1.145] IEA molecular_function LOC410432 GO:0006694_6281_12 steroid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410432 GO:0008831_13174_4 dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-6-deoxy-L-mannose + NADP(+) = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-L-mannose + H(+) + NADPH." [EC:1.1.1.133, RHEA:21799] IEA molecular_function LOC410432 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410432 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410432 GO:0045226_6281_6 extracellular polysaccharide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides used in extracellular structures." [GOC:ai, GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410432 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410432 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410438 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC410438 GO:0004379_13174_2 glycylpeptide N-tetradecanoyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: tetradecanoyl-CoA + glycyl-peptide = CoA + N-tetradecanoylglycyl-peptide." [EC:2.3.1.97] IEA molecular_function LOC410438 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410439 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410442 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function LOC410442 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410442 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC410442 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410442 GO:0008138_13174_15 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410442 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410442 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410446 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410448 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410448 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410448 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410449 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410449 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410451 GO:0004185_13174_4 serine-type carboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC410451 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410452 GO:0004180_13174_5 carboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the terminal or penultimate peptide bond at the C-terminal end of a peptide or polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410452 GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410452 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410452 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410454 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC410454 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410454 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410454 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410456 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410462 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410462 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410467 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410467 GO:0030414_13174_13 peptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410475 GO:0001522_6281_10 pseudouridine synthesis "The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine within an RNA molecule. This posttranscriptional base modification occurs in tRNA, rRNA, and snRNAs." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410475 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410475 GO:0009451_6281_12 RNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an RNA molecule to produce an RNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:1555811337] IEA biological_process LOC410475 GO:0009982_13174_10 pseudouridine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RNA uridine = RNA pseudouridine. Conversion of uridine in an RNA molecule to pseudouridine by rotation of the C1'-N-1 glycosidic bond of uridine in RNA to a C1'-C5." [EC:5.4.99.12, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410477 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410479 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410480 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410480 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410480 GO:0008093_13174_2 cytoskeletal adaptor activity "The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a cytoskeletal protein and one or more other molecules, permitting them to function in a coordinated way." [GOC:mtg_MIT_16mar07] IEA molecular_function LOC410480 GO:0017124_13174_2 SH3 domain binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SH3 domain (Src homology 3) of a protein, small protein modules containing approximately 50 amino acid residues found in a great variety of intracellular or membrane-associated proteins." [GOC:go_curators, Pfam:PF00018] IEA molecular_function LOC410480 GO:0046847_6281_2 filopodium assembly "The assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, PMID:16337369, PMID:18464790] IEA biological_process LOC410482 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410482 GO:0004018_13174_2 N6-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)AMP AMP-lyase (fumarate-forming) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: N6-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)AMP = fumarate + AMP." [EC:4.3.2.2] IEA molecular_function LOC410482 GO:0009152_6281_1 purine ribonucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410484 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410484 GO:0004555_13174_2 alpha,alpha-trehalase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: alpha,alpha-trehalose + H2O = 2 D-glucose." [EC:3.2.1.28] IEA molecular_function LOC410484 GO:0005991_6281_2 trehalose metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving trehalose, a disaccharide isomeric with sucrose and obtained from certain lichens and fungi." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0028623819] IEA biological_process LOC410485 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410487 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC410487 GO:0007010_6281_12 cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410493 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410493 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410493 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410494 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410494 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function LOC410494 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410496 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410497 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410498 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410498 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410498 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410498 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410501 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410501 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410501 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC410507 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC410507 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410507 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410507 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410509 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410509 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410509 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410514 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410514 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410515 GO:0004601_13174_12 peroxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7] IEA molecular_function LOC410515 GO:0006979_6281_14 response to oxidative stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] IEA biological_process LOC410515 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410515 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410516 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410516 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410516 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC410520 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410520 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410520 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410527 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410527 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410527 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410527 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410527 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410527 GO:0015662_13174_15 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate." [PMID:10322420, PMID:10600683] IEA molecular_function LOC410527 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410527 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410527 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410527 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410529 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410529 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410529 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410530 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410530 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410530 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410532 GO:0001882_13174_2 nucleoside binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:hjd] IEA molecular_function LOC410532 GO:0005415_13174_1 nucleoside:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: nucleoside(out) + Na+(out) = nucleoside(in) + Na+(in)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410532 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410532 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410533 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC410533 GO:0017089_13174_2 glycolipid transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of glycolipids, compounds containing (usually) 1-4 linked monosaccharide residues joined by a glycosyl linkage to a lipid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410533 GO:0046836_6281_2 glycolipid transport "The directed movement of glycolipids, compounds containing (usually) 1-4 linked monosaccharide residues joined by a glycosyl linkage to a lipid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410533 GO:0051861_13174_2 glycolipid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a glycolipid, any compound containing one or more monosaccharide residues bound by a glycosidic linkage to a hydrophobic group such as an acylglycerol, a sphingoid, a ceramide (N-acylsphingoid) or a prenyl phosphate." [http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/misc/glylp.html#2.1] IEA molecular_function LOC410534 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410534 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC410534 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410535 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410535 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC410535 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410537 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410537 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC410537 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410537 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC410537 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410537 GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410539 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410539 GO:0009166_6281_4 nucleotide catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleotides, any nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety; may be mono-, di- or triphosphate; this definition includes cyclic-nucleotides (nucleoside cyclic phosphates)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410539 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410539 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410539 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410541 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410541 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410542 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410550 GO:0004047_13174_3 aminomethyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (6S)-tetrahydrofolate + S-aminomethyldihydrolipoylprotein = (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NH3 + dihydrolipoylprotein." [EC:2.1.2.10] IEA molecular_function LOC410550 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC410550 GO:0006546_6281_3 glycine catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycine, aminoethanoic acid." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410552 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410552 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410552 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410552 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410552 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC410554 GO:0016874_13174_7 ligase activity "Catalysis of the joining of two substances, or two groups within a single molecule, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [EC:6, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410555 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410559 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410559 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410559 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC410559 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410559 GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410559 GO:0043234_3650_15 protein complex "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410559 GO:0051258_6281_15 protein polymerization "The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410562 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC410562 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC410562 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC410562 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410562 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC410562 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410563 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410565 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410565 GO:0031461_3650_6 cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complex "Any ubiquitin ligase complex in which the catalytic core consists of a member of the cullin family and a RING domain protein; the core is associated with one or more additional proteins that confer substrate specificity." [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063] IEA cellular_component LOC410565 GO:0031625_13174_6 ubiquitin protein ligase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins." [GOC:vp] IEA molecular_function LOC410566 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410566 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410567 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410567 GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410567 GO:0046873_13174_9 metal ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of metal ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410567 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410570 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410570 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC410570 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410571 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410571 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410571 GO:0003916_13174_3 DNA topoisomerase activity "Catalysis of the transient cleavage and passage of individual DNA strands or double helices through one another, resulting a topological transformation in double-stranded DNA." [GOC:mah, PMID:8811192] IEA molecular_function LOC410571 GO:0003917_13174_3 DNA topoisomerase type I activity "Catalysis of a DNA topological transformation by transiently cleaving one DNA strand at a time to allow passage of another strand; changes the linking number by +1 per catalytic cycle." [PMID:8811192] IEA molecular_function LOC410571 GO:0005694_3650_11 chromosome "A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC410571 GO:0006265_6281_6 DNA topological change "The process in which a transformation is induced in the topological structure of a double-stranded DNA helix, resulting in a change in linking number." [ISBN:071673706X, ISBN:0935702490] IEA biological_process LOC410571 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410573 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410577 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410582 GO:0008483_13174_8 transaminase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410582 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410585 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410585 GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component LOC410585 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC410585 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410585 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410587 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC410587 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC410587 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC410587 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410587 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC410587 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410587 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410587 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410587 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC410591 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410595 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410601 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410601 GO:0046914_13174_11 transition metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transition metal ions; a transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410601 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410603 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function LOC410603 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function LOC410603 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process LOC410603 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410606 GO:0008146_13174_13 sulfotransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate." [EC:2.8.2, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410609 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC410609 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410609 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410613 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410613 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410616 GO:0009987_6281_8 cellular process "Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] IEA biological_process LOC410616 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410617 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410617 GO:0006461_6281_5 protein complex assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410617 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410617 GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410617 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410622 GO:0005158_13174_6 insulin receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin receptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410622 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410623 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410623 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410623 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410626 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC410626 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410626 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410626 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410627 GO:0004177_13174_10 aminopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal amino acid residues from in a polypeptide chain." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410627 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC410627 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410627 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410630 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410630 GO:0004114_13174_10 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside 5'-phosphate." [EC:3.1.4.17] IEA molecular_function LOC410630 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410630 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410630 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410633 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410633 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410633 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410635 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410635 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410636 GO:0043231_3650_2 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle "Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410636 GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC410639 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410639 GO:0016831_13174_13 carboxy-lyase activity "Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound." [http://www.mercksource.com/] IEA molecular_function LOC410639 GO:0019752_6281_11 carboxylic acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410639 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410639 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410644 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC410644 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410644 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410644 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410644 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410649 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC410649 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC410649 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC410649 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410649 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410649 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC410649 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410654 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC410654 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410655 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410659 GO:0000042_6281_4 protein targeting to Golgi "The process of directing proteins towards the Golgi; usually uses signals contained within the protein." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410659 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410659 GO:0006952_6281_4 defense response "Reactions, triggered in response to the presence of a foreign body or the occurrence of an injury, which result in restriction of damage to the organism attacked or prevention/recovery from the infection caused by the attack." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410659 GO:0009279_3650_1 cell outer membrane "A lipid bilayer that forms the outermost layer of the cell envelope; enriched in polysaccharide and protein; the outer leaflet of the membrane contains specific lipopolysaccharide structures." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0135712254] IEA cellular_component LOC410662 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410665 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410672 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410682 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410683 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC410683 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410683 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410683 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410685 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC410685 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC410685 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC410685 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410685 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410685 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC410685 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410687 GO:0004499_13174_4 N,N-dimethylaniline monooxygenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O." [EC:1.14.13.8] IEA molecular_function LOC410687 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410687 GO:0050661_13174_10 NADP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NADP+, or the reduced form, NADPH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410687 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410688 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410688 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410688 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410688 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410689 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410689 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410690 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410690 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410696 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410696 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function LOC410702 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410702 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410702 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410702 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410705 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410705 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410710 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410718 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410718 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410718 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410718 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC410723 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410723 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410723 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410723 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410723 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410724 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410724 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410726 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function LOC410726 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410726 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410728 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410729 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410729 GO:0008236_13174_15 serine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC410730 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410732 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC410732 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC410732 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC410732 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410732 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410732 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC410732 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410740 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410740 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410744 GO:0006066_6281_19 alcohol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [CHEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410744 GO:0008812_13174_19 choline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: A + choline = AH(2) + betaine aldehyde." [EC:1.1.99.1, RHEA:17436] IEA molecular_function LOC410744 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410744 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410744 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410752 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410752 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410753 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410753 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410753 GO:0006367_6281_13 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410755 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC410755 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410756 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410756 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410761 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410761 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410761 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410763 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410765 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410766 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410766 GO:0004527_13174_12 exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410766 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410771 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410772 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410772 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410772 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410775 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410775 GO:0005604_3650_1 basement membrane "A thin layer of dense material found in various animal tissues interposed between the cells and the adjacent connective tissue. It consists of the basal lamina plus an associated layer of reticulin fibers." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC410775 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC410777 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410777 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410777 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410777 GO:0051020_13174_2 GTPase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a GTPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410780 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410780 GO:0015299_13174_5 solute:hydrogen antiporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + H+(in) = solute(in) + H+(out)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410780 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410780 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410784 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410784 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410784 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410784 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC410788 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410788 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410788 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410789 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410789 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC410789 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410789 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410789 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410789 GO:0030288_3650_9 outer membrane-bounded periplasmic space "The region between the inner (cytoplasmic or plasma) membrane and outer membrane of organisms with two membranes such as Gram negative bacteria. These periplasmic spaces are relatively thick and contain a thin cell wall." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] IEA cellular_component LOC410792 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410792 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410792 GO:0006520_6281_15 cellular amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33709, GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410792 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410793 GO:0004714_13174_8 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity "Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10.1, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410793 GO:0005319_13174_12 lipid transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410793 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410793 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC410793 GO:0006869_6281_13 lipid transport "The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410793 GO:0007169_6281_9 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:ceb, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC410793 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410795 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410795 GO:0004555_13174_2 alpha,alpha-trehalase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: alpha,alpha-trehalose + H2O = 2 D-glucose." [EC:3.2.1.28] IEA molecular_function LOC410795 GO:0005991_6281_2 trehalose metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving trehalose, a disaccharide isomeric with sucrose and obtained from certain lichens and fungi." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0028623819] IEA biological_process LOC410796 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410796 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410799 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410799 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410801 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410801 GO:0008234_13174_15 cysteine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC410803 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410803 GO:0008324_13174_13 cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of cation from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:dgf, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410804 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410804 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410804 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410804 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC410804 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410806 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410806 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410806 GO:0004821_13174_1 histidine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-histidine + tRNA(His) = AMP + diphosphate + L-histidyl-tRNA(His)." [EC:6.1.1.21] IEA molecular_function LOC410806 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410806 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC410806 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC410806 GO:0006427_6281_1 histidyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling histidine to histidyl-tRNA, catalyzed by histidyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC410807 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410807 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410807 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410807 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410811 GO:0005096_13174_14 GTPase activator activity "Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410811 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410811 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410811 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410811 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410812 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410812 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410812 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410812 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410812 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410812 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410812 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410812 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410812 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410812 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410816 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410816 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410816 GO:0008324_13174_13 cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of cation from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:dgf, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410816 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410816 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410825 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410826 GO:0004616_13174_4 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 6-phospho-D-gluconate + NADP+ = D-ribulose 5-phosphate + CO2 + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.44] IEA molecular_function LOC410826 GO:0006098_6281_6 pentose-phosphate shunt "The process in which glucose is oxidized, coupled to NADPH synthesis. Glucose 6-P is oxidized with the formation of carbon dioxide (CO2), ribulose 5-phosphate and reduced NADP; ribulose 5-P then enters a series of reactions interconverting sugar phosphates. The pentose phosphate pathway is a major source of reducing equivalents for biosynthesis reactions and is also important for the conversion of hexoses to pentoses." [ISBN:0198506732, MetaCyc:PENTOSE-P-PWY] IEA biological_process LOC410826 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410826 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410826 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410828 GO:0004833_13174_1 tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine." [EC:1.13.11.11] IEA molecular_function LOC410828 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410828 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410828 GO:0019441_6281_1 tryptophan catabolic process to kynurenine "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including kynurenine." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410828 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410829 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410829 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410829 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410829 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410829 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410829 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC410829 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410832 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410832 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410838 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410844 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410848 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410848 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410848 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410849 GO:0006904_6281_12 vesicle docking involved in exocytosis "The initial attachment of a vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane, that contributes to exocytosis." [GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410849 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC410852 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410853 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410855 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410861 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410861 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410862 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410862 GO:0008324_13174_13 cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of cation from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:dgf, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410865 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410865 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410866 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410867 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410877 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410877 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410882 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC410882 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410882 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410882 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410883 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410885 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC410885 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410885 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC410886 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function LOC410886 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410886 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410886 GO:0030163_6281_11 protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410888 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410895 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410897 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410904 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC410904 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410904 GO:0016043_6281_8 cellular component organization "A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component." [GOC:ai, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410904 GO:0017048_13174_3 Rho GTPase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rho protein, any member of the Rho subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases. Proteins in the Rho subfamily are involved in relaying signals from cell-surface receptors to the actin cytoskeleton." [ISBN:0198547684, PMID:12581856] IEA molecular_function LOC410904 GO:0030036_6281_8 actin cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410906 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410906 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC410906 GO:0019001_13174_8 guanyl nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with guanyl nucleotides, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410910 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC410910 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC410910 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC410910 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410910 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC410910 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410910 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC410913 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410913 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410913 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410913 GO:0006754_6281_7 ATP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410913 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410913 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410913 GO:0015077_13174_3 monovalent inorganic cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a inorganic cations with a valency of one from one side of a membrane to the other. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge that do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410913 GO:0015662_13174_15 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate." [PMID:10322420, PMID:10600683] IEA molecular_function LOC410913 GO:0015672_6281_4 monovalent inorganic cation transport "The directed movement of inorganic cations with a valency of one into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410913 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410913 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410913 GO:0016820_13174_11 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, catalyzing transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acid anhydride to directly drive the transport of a substance across a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410913 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410915 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC410915 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410915 GO:0006833_6281_3 water transport "The directed movement of water (H2O) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410915 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410915 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410915 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410918 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC410918 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410918 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410918 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410920 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410920 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410920 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410922 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410933 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC410933 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC410933 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC410933 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410933 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC410933 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410936 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410936 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410936 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC410940 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410941 GO:0002098_6281_1 tRNA wobble uridine modification "The process in which a uridine in position 34 of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally modified." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:155581073X] IEA biological_process LOC410941 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process LOC410941 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410943 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410943 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410943 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410943 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410943 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410943 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410943 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410943 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410943 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410943 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410951 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410952 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC410952 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410957 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC410957 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410957 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410964 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410967 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410967 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410967 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410967 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC410967 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC410969 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410969 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410969 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC410969 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410969 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410969 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC410969 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC410969 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410969 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410969 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC410976 GO:0005344_13174_7 oxygen transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of oxygen into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410976 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410986 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410989 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410990 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC410990 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC410994 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410994 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410994 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC410994 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410994 GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410994 GO:0043234_3650_15 protein complex "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410994 GO:0051258_6281_15 protein polymerization "The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410995 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410995 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410995 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410995 GO:0043234_3650_15 protein complex "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410995 GO:0051258_6281_15 protein polymerization "The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410996 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC410996 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC410996 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC410996 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC410996 GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC410996 GO:0043234_3650_15 protein complex "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410996 GO:0051258_6281_15 protein polymerization "The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC410997 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC410997 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC410997 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC410999 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC410999 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411002 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411003 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411003 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC411003 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411003 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411003 GO:0008289_13174_3 lipid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a lipid." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411003 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411003 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411005 GO:0005741_3650_6 mitochondrial outer membrane "The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope." [GOC:ai] IEA cellular_component LOC411005 GO:0006820_6281_6 anion transport "The directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411005 GO:0008308_13174_4 voltage-gated anion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an anion by a voltage-gated channel. An anion is a negatively charged ion. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC411005 GO:0044070_6281_4 regulation of anion transport "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC411005 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411009 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411009 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411011 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411011 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC411011 GO:0019001_13174_8 guanyl nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with guanyl nucleotides, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411014 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411014 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411014 GO:0006108_6281_3 malate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving malate, the anion of hydroxybutanedioic acid, a chiral hydroxydicarboxylic acid. The (+) enantiomer is an important intermediate in metabolism as a component of both the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411014 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411014 GO:0016615_13174_3 malate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reversible conversion of pyruvate or oxaloacetate to malate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0582227089] IEA molecular_function LOC411014 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411014 GO:0030060_13174_2 L-malate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.37] IEA molecular_function LOC411014 GO:0044262_6281_8 cellular carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC411014 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411019 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411021 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411021 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411022 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411022 GO:0004427_13174_7 inorganic diphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + H(2)O = H(+) + 2 phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.1, RHEA:24579] IEA molecular_function LOC411022 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC411022 GO:0006796_6281_7 phosphate-containing compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the phosphate group, the anion or salt of any phosphoric acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411023 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411023 GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component LOC411023 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC411023 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411023 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411024 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411026 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411026 GO:0006364_6281_13 rRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC411026 GO:0032040_3650_5 small-subunit processome "A large ribonucleoprotein complex that is an early preribosomal complex. In S. cerevisiae, it has a size of 80S and consists of the 35S pre-rRNA, early-associating ribosomal proteins most of which are part of the small ribosomal subunit, the U3 snoRNA and associated proteins." [PMID:12068309, PMID:12957375, PMID:15120992, PMID:15590835] IEA cellular_component LOC411030 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411030 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411030 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411035 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411035 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411035 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411036 GO:0005267_13174_2 potassium channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a potassium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC411036 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411036 GO:0071805_6281_2 potassium ion transmembrane transport "A process in which a potassium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411044 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411044 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411046 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411048 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411048 GO:0007050_6281_6 cell cycle arrest "A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M)." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC411049 GO:0004190_13174_12 aspartic-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411049 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411049 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC411049 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411049 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411050 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411050 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC411050 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411052 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411052 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411058 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC411058 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411059 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411059 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411059 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411065 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411065 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411070 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC411070 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411070 GO:0018024_13174_10 histone-lysine N-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives." [EC:2.1.1.43, RESID:AA0074, RESID:AA0075, RESID:AA0076] IEA molecular_function LOC411071 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC411071 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411071 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411072 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411072 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411072 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC411073 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411073 GO:0031177_13174_11 phosphopantetheine binding "Interacting selectively with phosphopantetheine, the vitamin pantetheine 4'-(dihydrogen phosphate)." [CHEBI:16858, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411077 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411080 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC411080 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC411080 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC411080 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411080 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC411080 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411081 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411081 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411085 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411085 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411085 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411085 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411085 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411085 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC411085 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411085 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411085 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411090 GO:0004835_13174_12 tubulin-tyrosine ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + detyrosinated alpha-tubulin + L-tyrosine = alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.25] IEA molecular_function LOC411090 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411091 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411093 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC411093 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC411093 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC411093 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411093 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC411093 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411095 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411095 GO:0008324_13174_13 cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of cation from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:dgf, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC411095 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411095 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411099 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411099 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411099 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411100 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411100 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411104 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC411104 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411104 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411104 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411104 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411105 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411105 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411106 GO:0046854_6281_14 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a phosphatidylinositol, any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411113 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411113 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411113 GO:0006821_6281_7 chloride transport "The directed movement of chloride into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process LOC411113 GO:0015377_13174_3 cation:chloride symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: cation(out) + Cl-(out) = cation(in) + Cl-(in)." [TC:2.A.30.-.-] IEA molecular_function LOC411113 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411113 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411113 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411115 GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411115 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411115 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411115 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411115 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411116 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411121 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411122 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411122 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411122 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411126 GO:0004017_13174_4 adenylate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + AMP = 2 ADP." [EC:2.7.4.3] IEA molecular_function LOC411126 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411126 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411126 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411133 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC411133 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411133 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411140 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411140 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411140 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411141 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411141 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411141 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411141 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411141 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC411141 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411141 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411141 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411145 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411145 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411145 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC411154 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411154 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411154 GO:0016070_6281_11 RNA metabolic process "The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411155 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411155 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411155 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411155 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC411155 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411155 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411155 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411156 GO:0006357_6281_13 regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411156 GO:0033588_3650_1 Elongator holoenzyme complex "A heterohexameric protein complex that is involved in modification of wobble nucleosides in tRNA, and exerts direct effects on transcriptional elongation and exocytosis. The complex can associate physically with hyperphosphorylated RNA polymerase II; it contains two discrete heterotrimeric subcomplexes." [GOC:jh, GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:11689709, PMID:15769872, PMID:17018299, PMID:18755837] IEA cellular_component LOC411157 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411157 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411157 GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component LOC411157 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC411157 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411157 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411158 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411163 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411164 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411164 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function LOC411164 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411167 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411167 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411167 GO:0004817_13174_2 cysteine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-cysteine + tRNA(Cys) = AMP + diphosphate + L-cysteinyl-tRNA(Cys)." [EC:6.1.1.16] IEA molecular_function LOC411167 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411167 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC411167 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC411167 GO:0006423_6281_2 cysteinyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling cysteine to cysteinyl-tRNA, catalyzed by cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC411171 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411172 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411175 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411176 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411185 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411185 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411185 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411185 GO:0004003_13174_7 ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; this reaction drives the unwinding of the DNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411185 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411185 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411185 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411185 GO:0016817_13174_10 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411185 GO:0016818_13174_12 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411185 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411186 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411186 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC411186 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411187 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411187 GO:0004459_13174_2 L-lactate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-lactate + NAD+ = pyruvate + NADH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.27] IEA molecular_function LOC411187 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC411187 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411187 GO:0006096_6281_14 glycolysis "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0716720094, Wikipedia:Glycolysis] IEA biological_process LOC411187 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411187 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411187 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411188 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411188 GO:0004459_13174_2 L-lactate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-lactate + NAD+ = pyruvate + NADH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.27] IEA molecular_function LOC411188 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC411188 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411188 GO:0006096_6281_14 glycolysis "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0716720094, Wikipedia:Glycolysis] IEA biological_process LOC411188 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411188 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411188 GO:0044262_6281_8 cellular carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC411188 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411189 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411189 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411189 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411189 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411189 GO:0044262_6281_8 cellular carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC411189 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411191 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function LOC411191 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411192 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411192 GO:0042254_6281_10 ribosome biogenesis "A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC411194 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411197 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411201 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC411201 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC411201 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC411201 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411201 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC411201 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC411201 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411202 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411202 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411204 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411206 GO:0004175_13174_11 endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC411206 GO:0004298_13174_13 threonine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC411206 GO:0005839_3650_13 proteasome core complex "A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex." [GOC:rb, PMID:10806206] IEA cellular_component LOC411206 GO:0051603_6281_13 proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process "The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC411209 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411209 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411209 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411209 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411209 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411209 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411209 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411209 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC411209 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411209 GO:0008134_13174_12 transcription factor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411209 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411209 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411209 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411212 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC411213 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC411214 GO:0005249_13174_12 voltage-gated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC411214 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411214 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411214 GO:0008076_3650_11 voltage-gated potassium channel complex "A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC411214 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411219 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411219 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC411219 GO:0008093_13174_2 cytoskeletal adaptor activity "The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a cytoskeletal protein and one or more other molecules, permitting them to function in a coordinated way." [GOC:mtg_MIT_16mar07] IEA molecular_function LOC411219 GO:0017124_13174_2 SH3 domain binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SH3 domain (Src homology 3) of a protein, small protein modules containing approximately 50 amino acid residues found in a great variety of intracellular or membrane-associated proteins." [GOC:go_curators, Pfam:PF00018] IEA molecular_function LOC411219 GO:0046847_6281_2 filopodium assembly "The assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, PMID:16337369, PMID:18464790] IEA biological_process LOC411220 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411220 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC411220 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC411220 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411220 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411220 GO:0030288_3650_9 outer membrane-bounded periplasmic space "The region between the inner (cytoplasmic or plasma) membrane and outer membrane of organisms with two membranes such as Gram negative bacteria. These periplasmic spaces are relatively thick and contain a thin cell wall." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] IEA cellular_component LOC411227 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function LOC411227 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC411227 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411227 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411229 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411229 GO:0008236_13174_15 serine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC411229 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411233 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411233 GO:0006364_6281_13 rRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC411233 GO:0030529_3650_4 ribonucleoprotein complex "A macromolecular complex containing both protein and RNA molecules." [GOC:krc] IEA cellular_component LOC411242 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411245 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411245 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411245 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411245 GO:0051020_13174_2 GTPase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a GTPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411249 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411249 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411249 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411249 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411250 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411250 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411250 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411250 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411252 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411255 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC411260 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411260 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411260 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411260 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411260 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411260 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411260 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC411260 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411260 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411260 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411261 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411261 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411261 GO:0030151_13174_4 molybdenum ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with molybdenum (Mo) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411261 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411265 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411265 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411265 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411267 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411267 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411267 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411269 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411269 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411272 GO:0000062_13174_4 fatty-acyl-CoA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with acyl-CoA, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with a fatty acyl group." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411273 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411273 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411273 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411276 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC411276 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411276 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411280 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411280 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411285 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411290 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC411291 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411292 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411292 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC411293 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411293 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411293 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411295 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC411295 GO:0033178_3650_8 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, catalytic domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis or synthesis. The catalytic domain (F1, V1, or A1) comprises a hexameric catalytic core and a central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the membrane when the two-sector ATPase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component LOC411295 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411295 GO:0046961_13174_10 proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14] IEA molecular_function LOC411296 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC411296 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411296 GO:0008134_13174_12 transcription factor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411296 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411296 GO:0019904_13174_3 protein domain specific binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific domain of a protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411296 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411298 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411298 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411299 GO:0000062_13174_4 fatty-acyl-CoA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with acyl-CoA, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with a fatty acyl group." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411299 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411299 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411301 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411301 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC411301 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411301 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC411301 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411301 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411301 GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411301 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411304 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411304 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411304 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411305 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411305 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411305 GO:0004830_13174_2 tryptophan-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-tryptophan + tRNA(Trp) = AMP + diphosphate + L-tryptophanyl-tRNA(Trp)." [EC:6.1.1.2] IEA molecular_function LOC411305 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411305 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC411305 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC411305 GO:0006436_6281_2 tryptophanyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling tryptophan to tryptophanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC411306 GO:0008440_13174_5 inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.127, RHEA:11023] IEA molecular_function LOC411307 GO:0009063_6281_1 cellular amino acid catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411315 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411315 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC411315 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411315 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411315 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411315 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC411315 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411317 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411317 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411317 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411317 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411320 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC411320 GO:0008138_13174_15 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411320 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411320 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411330 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411330 GO:0043546_13174_2 molybdopterin cofactor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the molybdopterin cofactor (Moco), essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes, e.g. sulfite oxidase, xanthine dehydrogenase, and aldehyde oxidase. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo-molybdopterin) or tungsten ion (W-molybdopterin) coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands." [ISSN:09498257] IEA molecular_function LOC411330 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411331 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC411331 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411331 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411331 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411331 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411331 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411332 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411338 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411339 GO:0005578_3650_4 proteinaceous extracellular matrix "A layer consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that forms a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. The proteins are secreted by cells in the vicinity. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC411339 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411339 GO:0043395_13174_3 heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, any proteoglycan containing heparan sulfate as the glycosaminoglycan carbohydrate unit." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411340 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411340 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411343 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411343 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411343 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411345 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411347 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC411347 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC411347 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC411347 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411347 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC411347 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411349 GO:0004143_13174_8 diacylglycerol kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + 1,2-diacylglycerol = NDP + 1,2-diacylglycerol-3-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.107, GOC:elh] IEA molecular_function LOC411349 GO:0007205_6281_8 protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of protein kinase C (PKC). PKC is activated by second messengers including diacylglycerol (DAG)." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC411351 GO:0003746_13174_11 translation elongation factor activity "Functions in chain elongation during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411351 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411351 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411351 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411351 GO:0006414_6281_12 translational elongation "The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis." [GOC:ems] IEA biological_process LOC411353 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC411355 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411355 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411355 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411355 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411355 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411359 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC411359 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411359 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411361 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411361 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411362 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411362 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411364 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411364 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411364 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411364 GO:0016070_6281_11 RNA metabolic process "The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411372 GO:0004363_13174_2 glutathione synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-gamma-glutamyl-L-cysteine + ATP + glycine = ADP + glutathione + 2 H(+) + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.3, RHEA:13560] IEA molecular_function LOC411372 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411372 GO:0006750_6281_3 glutathione biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins." [CHEBI:16856, GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411373 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411373 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC411373 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411373 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411373 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411373 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411374 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411374 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC411374 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411374 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411374 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411374 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411376 GO:0008146_13174_13 sulfotransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate." [EC:2.8.2, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411378 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411378 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411378 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411381 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC411381 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411381 GO:0006915_6281_8 apoptotic process "A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathways) which typically lead to rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. The process ends when the cell has died. The process is divided into a signaling pathway phase and into an execution phase, which is triggered by the former." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:18846107, PMID:21494263] IEA biological_process LOC411381 GO:0008234_13174_15 cysteine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC411385 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411387 GO:0016747_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411391 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC411392 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411393 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411403 GO:0005375_13174_3 copper ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of copper (Cu) ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411403 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411403 GO:0035434_6281_3 copper ion transmembrane transport "The directed movement of copper (Cu) ions across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC411406 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC411406 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411406 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC411406 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411407 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411408 GO:0008654_6281_10 phospholipid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411408 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411408 GO:0016780_13174_6 phosphotransferase activity, for other substituted phosphate groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a substituted phosphate group, other than diphosphate or nucleotidyl residues, from one compound (donor) to a another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/EC2/intro.html] IEA molecular_function LOC411410 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411410 GO:0006888_6281_6 ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport "The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:jp, GOC:tb, ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC411410 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411410 GO:0030127_3650_3 COPII vesicle coat "One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. COPII is best characterized in S. cerevisiae, where the subunits are called Sar1p, Sec13p, Sec31p, Sec23p, and Sec24p. Vesicles with COPII coats are found associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes at steady state." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, PMID:11252894] IEA cellular_component LOC411412 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411412 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411414 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411417 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411417 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411419 GO:0005249_13174_12 voltage-gated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC411419 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411419 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411419 GO:0008076_3650_11 voltage-gated potassium channel complex "A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC411419 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411447 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411447 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411447 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411447 GO:0016769_13174_14 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411447 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411450 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411450 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411450 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411450 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411450 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411452 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component LOC411459 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411459 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411463 GO:0005086_13174_7 ARF guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with the GTPase ARF. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411463 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411463 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411463 GO:0032012_6281_7 regulation of ARF protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ARF protein signal transduction." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411466 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411466 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411466 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411466 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC411467 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411469 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411473 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411476 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411477 GO:0008060_13174_9 ARF GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411477 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411477 GO:0032312_6281_9 regulation of ARF GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411484 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411484 GO:0016301_13174_14 kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411484 GO:0016310_6281_6 phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411486 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411486 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411486 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411488 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411488 GO:0004134_13174_1 4-alpha-glucanotransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a segment of a (1->4)-alpha-D-glucan to a new 4-position in an acceptor, which may be glucose or (1->4)-alpha-D-glucan." [EC:2.4.1.25] IEA molecular_function LOC411488 GO:0004135_13174_1 amylo-alpha-1,6-glucosidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->6)-alpha-D-glucosidic branch linkages in glycogen phosphorylase limit dextrin. Limit dextrin is the highly branched core that remains after exhaustive treatment of glycogen with glycogen phosphorylase. It is formed because these enzymes cannot hydrolyze the (1->6) glycosidic linkages present." [EC:3.2.1.33, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411488 GO:0005978_6281_2 glycogen biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411490 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411490 GO:0004563_13174_3 beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-hexosamine residues in N-acetyl-beta-D-hexosaminides." [EC:3.2.1.52] IEA molecular_function LOC411490 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411492 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411492 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411492 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411492 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411492 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411492 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411495 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411495 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411496 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411496 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411496 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411506 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411507 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC411507 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC411507 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC411507 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411507 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC411507 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411509 GO:0016429_13174_1 tRNA (adenine-N1-)-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N1-methyladenine." [EC:2.1.1.36] IEA molecular_function LOC411509 GO:0030488_6281_1 tRNA methylation "The posttranscriptional addition of methyl groups to specific residues in a tRNA molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411510 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411510 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function LOC411510 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411510 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411519 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411519 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411519 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC411519 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411519 GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411519 GO:0043234_3650_15 protein complex "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411519 GO:0051258_6281_15 protein polymerization "The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411520 GO:0004175_13174_11 endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC411520 GO:0004298_13174_13 threonine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC411520 GO:0005839_3650_13 proteasome core complex "A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex." [GOC:rb, PMID:10806206] IEA cellular_component LOC411520 GO:0051603_6281_13 proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process "The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC411525 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411525 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411529 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC411529 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC411529 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC411529 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411529 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC411529 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411531 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411533 GO:0005783_3650_14 endoplasmic reticulum "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411533 GO:0008201_13174_2 heparin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heparin, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans found mainly as an intracellular component of mast cells and which consist predominantly of alternating alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galactose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-6-sulfate residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411533 GO:0050750_13174_1 low-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a low-density lipoprotein receptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411534 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411534 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411534 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411534 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC411535 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411535 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411535 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC411535 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC411537 GO:0004177_13174_10 aminopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal amino acid residues from in a polypeptide chain." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411537 GO:0009987_6281_8 cellular process "Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] IEA biological_process LOC411537 GO:0030145_13174_4 manganese ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with manganese (Mn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411538 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411538 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411540 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411540 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411540 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411540 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411541 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC411541 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411541 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411541 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411541 GO:0006352_6281_14 DNA-dependent transcription, initiation "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:jid, GOC:txnOH, PMID:18280161] IEA biological_process LOC411548 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411556 GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411556 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411556 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411568 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411569 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411569 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411572 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411572 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411572 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411573 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411575 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC411575 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC411575 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC411575 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411575 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC411575 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411579 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411579 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411582 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC411582 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC411582 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC411582 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411582 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411582 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC411582 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411586 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411586 GO:0007050_6281_6 cell cycle arrest "A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M)." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC411592 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411592 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411592 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411596 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411596 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411596 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411599 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411599 GO:0004850_13174_1 uridine phosphorylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: uridine + phosphate = uracil + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate." [EC:2.4.2.3] IEA molecular_function LOC411599 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC411599 GO:0009116_6281_6 nucleoside metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (a ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleoside), e.g. adenosine, guanosine, inosine, cytidine, uridine and deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, deoxycytidine and thymidine (= deoxythymidine)." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC411599 GO:0009166_6281_4 nucleotide catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleotides, any nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety; may be mono-, di- or triphosphate; this definition includes cyclic-nucleotides (nucleoside cyclic phosphates)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411600 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411600 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC411600 GO:0031424_6281_13 keratinization "The process in which the cytoplasm of the outermost cells of the vertebrate epidermis is replaced by keratin. Keratinization occurs in the stratum corneum, feathers, hair, claws, nails, hooves, and horns." [GOC:dph, GOC:ebc, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC411602 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411602 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC411602 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411602 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC411602 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411602 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411602 GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411603 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411604 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411610 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411610 GO:0042586_13174_1 peptide deformylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: formyl-L-methionyl peptide + H2O = formate + methionyl peptide." [EC:3.5.1.88, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411611 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC411611 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411613 GO:0042981_6281_3 regulation of apoptotic process "Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_apoptosis] IEA biological_process LOC411614 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC411614 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411616 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411616 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411616 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411616 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411629 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411629 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411629 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411629 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC411631 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411632 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC411632 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411633 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411633 GO:0003854_13174_12 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-beta-hydroxy-delta(5)-steroid + NAD+ = a 3-oxo-delta(5)-steroid + NADH + H(+)." [EC:1.1.1.145] IEA molecular_function LOC411633 GO:0003978_13174_2 UDP-glucose 4-epimerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose = UDP-galactose." [EC:5.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC411633 GO:0006012_6281_5 galactose metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose. D-galactose is widely distributed in combined form in plants, animals and microorganisms as a constituent of oligo- and polysaccharides; it also occurs in galactolipids and as its glucoside in lactose and melibiose." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411633 GO:0006694_6281_12 steroid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411633 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411633 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411633 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411633 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411633 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411633 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411633 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411640 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411640 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411640 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411640 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411640 GO:0015979_6281_4 photosynthesis "The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide (CO2) using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411640 GO:0015995_6281_4 chlorophyll biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, from less complex precursors." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC411640 GO:0016851_13174_4 magnesium chelatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H(2)O + Mg(2+) + protoporphyrin IX = ADP + 2 H(+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX + phosphate." [EC:6.6.1.1, RHEA:13964] IEA molecular_function LOC411640 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411644 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC411644 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC411644 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411644 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component LOC411644 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411644 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411646 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411646 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411649 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411649 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411649 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411649 GO:0016706_13174_8 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom each of oxygen into both donors "Catalysis of the reaction: A + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = B + succinate + CO2. This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411649 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411651 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411652 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411652 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411652 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411652 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411652 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411653 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC411653 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411653 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411653 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411654 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC411654 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411657 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411657 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411657 GO:0008484_13174_9 sulfuric ester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RSO-R' + H2O = RSOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any sulfuric ester bond, any ester formed from sulfuric acid, O=SO(OH)2." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411660 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411661 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411661 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411661 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411662 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411662 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411662 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411663 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411664 GO:0004675_13174_5 transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [EC:2.7.11.30] IEA molecular_function LOC411664 GO:0005024_13174_4 transforming growth factor beta-activated receptor activity "Combining with a transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA molecular_function LOC411664 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411670 GO:0004176_13174_3 ATP-dependent peptidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411670 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411670 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411670 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411672 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC411672 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411674 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411674 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411678 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC411678 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC411678 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC411678 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411678 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411678 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC411678 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411679 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411683 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411685 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411685 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411685 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411685 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411685 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411685 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411685 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411685 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411685 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411690 GO:0005783_3650_14 endoplasmic reticulum "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411691 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411691 GO:0009056_6281_1 catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, including the breakdown of carbon compounds with the liberation of energy for use by the cell or organism." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411691 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411692 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411693 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411694 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411694 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411696 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411696 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411696 GO:0008446_13174_1 GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-alpha-D-mannose = GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-alpha-D-mannose + H(2)O." [EC:4.2.1.47, RHEA:23823] IEA molecular_function LOC411696 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411696 GO:0019673_6281_1 GDP-mannose metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving GDP-mannose, a substance composed of mannose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411696 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411696 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411698 GO:0008654_6281_10 phospholipid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411698 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411698 GO:0016780_13174_6 phosphotransferase activity, for other substituted phosphate groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a substituted phosphate group, other than diphosphate or nucleotidyl residues, from one compound (donor) to a another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/EC2/intro.html] IEA molecular_function LOC411700 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411700 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC411700 GO:0006950_6281_6 response to stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411700 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411704 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411704 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411704 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411704 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC411704 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411704 GO:0019001_13174_8 guanyl nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with guanyl nucleotides, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411706 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC411706 GO:0016298_13174_5 lipase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a lipid or phospholipid." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411706 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411707 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411707 GO:0004818_13174_2 glutamate-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-glutamate + tRNA(Glu) = AMP + diphosphate + L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu)." [EC:6.1.1.17] IEA molecular_function LOC411707 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411707 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC411707 GO:0006424_6281_2 glutamyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling glutamate to glutamyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glutamyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'- adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC411707 GO:0016876_13174_6 ligase activity, forming aminoacyl-tRNA and related compounds "Catalysis of the joining of an amino acid and a nucleic acid (usually tRNA) or poly(ribitol phosphate), with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. The reaction forms an aminoacyl-tRNA or a related compound." [EC:6.1.1, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411707 GO:0043039_6281_8 tRNA aminoacylation "The chemical reactions and pathways by which the various amino acids become bonded to their corresponding tRNAs. The most common route for synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA is by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, usually catalyzed by the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA ligase. A given aminoacyl-tRNA ligase aminoacylates all species of an isoaccepting group of tRNA molecules." [GOC:ma, GOC:mah, MetaCyc:Aminoacyl-tRNAs] IEA biological_process LOC411711 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411714 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411714 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC411714 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411714 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411714 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411715 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411715 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411717 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411720 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411724 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411724 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411725 GO:0000226_6281_11 microtubule cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411725 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC411730 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411730 GO:0004573_13174_1 mannosyl-oligosaccharide glucosidase activity "Catalysis of the exohydrolysis of the non-reducing terminal glucose residue in the mannosyl-oligosaccharide Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2)." [EC:3.2.1.106] IEA molecular_function LOC411730 GO:0009311_6281_1 oligosaccharide metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving oligosaccharides, molecules with between two and (about) 20 monosaccharide residues connected by glycosidic linkages." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411731 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411731 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411731 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function LOC411731 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411732 GO:0005261_13174_1 cation channel activity "Catalysis of the energy-independent passage of cations across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient." [GOC:def, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC411732 GO:0015672_6281_4 monovalent inorganic cation transport "The directed movement of inorganic cations with a valency of one into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411732 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411736 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411736 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411738 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411738 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC411738 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411742 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411748 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411748 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411748 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411748 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC411748 GO:0030414_13174_13 peptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411750 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411750 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411750 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411752 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411752 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC411757 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411757 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411766 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411766 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411766 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411771 GO:0016831_13174_13 carboxy-lyase activity "Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound." [http://www.mercksource.com/] IEA molecular_function LOC411771 GO:0019752_6281_11 carboxylic acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411771 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411772 GO:0003333_6281_8 amino acid transmembrane transport "The directed movement of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC411772 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411772 GO:0015171_13174_8 amino acid transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Amino acids are organic molecules that contain an amino group and a carboxyl group." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC411772 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411772 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411776 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411779 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC411779 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC411779 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC411779 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411779 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC411779 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411780 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411780 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411780 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411781 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411781 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411793 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411794 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411794 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411796 GO:0004372_13174_1 glycine hydroxymethyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = tetrahydrofolate + L-serine." [EC:2.1.2.1] IEA molecular_function LOC411796 GO:0006544_6281_2 glycine metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycine, aminoethanoic acid." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411796 GO:0006563_6281_1 L-serine metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-serine, the L-enantiomer of serine, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid." [CHEBI:17115, GOC:ai, GOC:jsg] IEA biological_process LOC411796 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411797 GO:0004176_13174_3 ATP-dependent peptidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411797 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411805 GO:0000151_3650_13 ubiquitin ligase complex "A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex." [PMID:9529603] IEA cellular_component LOC411805 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function LOC411805 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411805 GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411806 GO:0005096_13174_14 GTPase activator activity "Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411806 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411806 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC411806 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411807 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411807 GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC411807 GO:0046873_13174_9 metal ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of metal ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411807 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411808 GO:0004657_13174_1 proline dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-proline + acceptor = (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + reduced acceptor." [EC:1.5.99.8] IEA molecular_function LOC411808 GO:0006537_6281_2 glutamate biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411808 GO:0006562_6281_1 proline catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proline (pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid), a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411808 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411809 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411809 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411809 GO:0008967_13174_3 phosphoglycolate phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phosphoglycolate + H(2)O = glycolate + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.18, RHEA:14372] IEA molecular_function LOC411809 GO:0019509_6281_1 L-methionine salvage from methylthioadenosine "The generation of L-methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid) from methylthioadenosine." [GOC:jl, MetaCyc:PWY-4361] IEA biological_process LOC411809 GO:0043874_13174_1 acireductone synthase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: 5-(methylthio)-2,3-dioxopentyl phosphate + H2O = 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + phosphate; (1a) 5-(methylthio)-2,3-dioxopentyl phosphate = 2-hydroxy-5-(methylthio)-3-oxopent-1-enyl phosphate; (1b) 2-hydroxy-5-(methylthio)-3-oxopent-1-enyl phosphate + H2O = 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.77] IEA molecular_function LOC411809 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411811 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411812 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC411812 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC411812 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC411812 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411812 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC411812 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411827 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411836 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411836 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411837 GO:0016888_13174_2 endodeoxyribonuclease activity, producing 5'-phosphomonoesters "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 5'-phosphomonoesters." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411843 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411845 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411846 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC411846 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411846 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC411849 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411849 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411849 GO:0030151_13174_4 molybdenum ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with molybdenum (Mo) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411849 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411858 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411858 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411858 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411861 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411861 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411863 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411863 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411871 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC411871 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC411871 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC411871 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411871 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC411871 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411875 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411879 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411881 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411881 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411881 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC411882 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411889 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411889 GO:0008236_13174_15 serine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC411891 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411891 GO:0008060_13174_9 ARF GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411891 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411891 GO:0032312_6281_9 regulation of ARF GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411894 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411894 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC411894 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC411894 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411894 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411894 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC411894 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411894 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411894 GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411896 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC411896 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411896 GO:0008236_13174_15 serine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC411901 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411903 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411903 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411906 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411909 GO:0005098_13174_1 Ran GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Ran family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411909 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411909 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC411910 GO:0003854_13174_12 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-beta-hydroxy-delta(5)-steroid + NAD+ = a 3-oxo-delta(5)-steroid + NADH + H(+)." [EC:1.1.1.145] IEA molecular_function LOC411910 GO:0006694_6281_12 steroid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411910 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411910 GO:0016620_13174_11 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411910 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411916 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411916 GO:0008890_13174_1 glycine C-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + glycine = L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + CoA + H(+)." [EC:2.3.1.29, RHEA:20739] IEA molecular_function LOC411916 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411916 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411916 GO:0016769_13174_14 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411916 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411920 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC411920 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411920 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411922 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411922 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411922 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411922 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411923 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411923 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411923 GO:0004813_13174_2 alanine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-alanine + tRNA(Ala) = AMP + diphosphate + L-alanyl-tRNA(Ala)." [EC:6.1.1.7] IEA molecular_function LOC411923 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411923 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC411923 GO:0006419_6281_2 alanyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling alanine to alanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by alanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC411923 GO:0016876_13174_6 ligase activity, forming aminoacyl-tRNA and related compounds "Catalysis of the joining of an amino acid and a nucleic acid (usually tRNA) or poly(ribitol phosphate), with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. The reaction forms an aminoacyl-tRNA or a related compound." [EC:6.1.1, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411923 GO:0043039_6281_8 tRNA aminoacylation "The chemical reactions and pathways by which the various amino acids become bonded to their corresponding tRNAs. The most common route for synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA is by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, usually catalyzed by the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA ligase. A given aminoacyl-tRNA ligase aminoacylates all species of an isoaccepting group of tRNA molecules." [GOC:ma, GOC:mah, MetaCyc:Aminoacyl-tRNAs] IEA biological_process LOC411927 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411927 GO:0004523_13174_5 ribonuclease H activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA in RNA-DNA hybrids to 5'-phosphomonoesters." [EC:3.1.26.4] IEA molecular_function LOC411930 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411930 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411930 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411930 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411930 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411935 GO:0003333_6281_8 amino acid transmembrane transport "The directed movement of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC411935 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411935 GO:0015171_13174_8 amino acid transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Amino acids are organic molecules that contain an amino group and a carboxyl group." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC411935 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411935 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411936 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC411936 GO:0016272_3650_9 prefoldin complex "A multisubunit chaperone that acts to delivers unfolded proteins to cytosolic chaperonin. In humans, the complex is a heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha and four PFD-beta type subunits." [GOC:jl, PMID:17384227, PMID:9630229] IEA cellular_component LOC411936 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411939 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411943 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC411943 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function LOC411955 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411955 GO:0005319_13174_12 lipid transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411955 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411955 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC411955 GO:0006869_6281_13 lipid transport "The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411959 GO:0000036_13174_6 ACP phosphopantetheine attachment site binding involved in fatty acid biosynthetic process "Interacting selectively with the attachment site of the phosphopantetheine prosthetic group of an acyl carrier protein (ACP) as part of the process of fatty acid biosynthesis." [CHEBI:22221, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411959 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411959 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411959 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411959 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC411959 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411959 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411959 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411960 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411960 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC411960 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411960 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411961 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411961 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411972 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411972 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411976 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411976 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC411978 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC411978 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC411980 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411980 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC411982 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411982 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411982 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411982 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC411982 GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC411982 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411983 GO:0003854_13174_12 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-beta-hydroxy-delta(5)-steroid + NAD+ = a 3-oxo-delta(5)-steroid + NADH + H(+)." [EC:1.1.1.145] IEA molecular_function LOC411983 GO:0006694_6281_12 steroid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC411983 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC411983 GO:0016620_13174_11 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411983 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC411985 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411985 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411986 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC411986 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411989 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411989 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411989 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411989 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411991 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC411996 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411997 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC411997 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC411997 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC411997 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC411997 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC412002 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412002 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412005 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412007 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412007 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412007 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412007 GO:0003905_13174_1 alkylbase DNA N-glycosylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: DNA with alkylated base + H2O = DNA with abasic site + alkylated base. This reaction is the hydrolysis of DNA by cleavage of the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the target damaged DNA base and the deoxyribose sugar to remove an alkylated base, leaving an apyrimidinic or apurinic site." [EC:3.2.2.21, GOC:elh, PMID:10872450, PMID:9224623] IEA molecular_function LOC412007 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function LOC412007 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function LOC412007 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412007 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412007 GO:0006284_6281_3 base-excision repair "In base excision repair, an altered base is removed by a DNA glycosylase enzyme, followed by excision of the resulting sugar phosphate. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC412007 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412007 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process LOC412007 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412007 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412007 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC412007 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412011 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC412011 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412015 GO:0003874_13174_1 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate = 6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin + H(+) + triphosphate." [EC:4.2.3.12, RHEA:22051] IEA molecular_function LOC412015 GO:0006729_6281_3 tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetrahydrobiopterin, the reduced form of biopterin (2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-pteridine). It functions as a hydroxylation coenzyme, e.g. in the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine." [CHEBI:15372, GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412015 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412016 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412016 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412016 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412016 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412020 GO:0003995_13174_10 acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor." [EC:1.3.99.3] IEA molecular_function LOC412020 GO:0003997_13174_3 acyl-CoA oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + O2 = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + hydrogen peroxide." [EC:1.3.3.6] IEA molecular_function LOC412020 GO:0005777_3650_6 peroxisome "A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism." [GOC:pm, PMID:9302272, UniProtKB-KW:KW-0576] IEA cellular_component LOC412020 GO:0006631_6281_5 fatty acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412020 GO:0006635_6281_4 fatty acid beta-oxidation "A fatty acid oxidation process that results in the complete oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and occurs by successive cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A; the cycle continues until only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732, MetaCyc:FAO-PWY] IEA biological_process LOC412020 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412020 GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412020 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412020 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412024 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412025 GO:0003995_13174_10 acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor." [EC:1.3.99.3] IEA molecular_function LOC412025 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412025 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412025 GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412025 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412030 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC412030 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412030 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412030 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412030 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412030 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412030 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC412030 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412030 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412030 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412033 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412041 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC412041 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC412041 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC412041 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412041 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC412041 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412045 GO:0004579_13174_3 dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycotransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: dolichyl diphosphooligosaccharide + protein L-asparagine = dolichyl diphosphate + a glycoprotein with the oligosaccharide chain attached by glycosylamine linkage to protein L-asparagine." [EC:2.4.1.119] IEA molecular_function LOC412045 GO:0005789_3650_10 endoplasmic reticulum membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC412045 GO:0008250_3650_1 oligosaccharyltransferase complex "A protein complex that is found in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane of eukaryotes and transfers lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor to asparagine residues on nascent proteins. In yeast, the complex includes at least nine different subunits, whereas in mammalian cells at least three different forms of the complex have been detected." [ISBN:0879695595, PMID:15835887] IEA cellular_component LOC412045 GO:0018279_6281_2 protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine "The glycosylation of protein via the N4 atom of peptidyl-asparagine forming N4-glycosyl-L-asparagine; the most common form is N-acetylglucosaminyl asparagine; N-acetylgalactosaminyl asparagine and N4 glucosyl asparagine also occur. This modification typically occurs in extracellular peptides with an N-X-(ST) motif. Partial modification has been observed to occur with cysteine, rather than serine or threonine, in the third position; secondary structure features are important, and proline in the second or fourth positions inhibits modification." [GOC:jsg, RESID:AA0151, RESID:AA0420, RESID:AA0421] IEA biological_process LOC412051 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412056 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412056 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412056 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412056 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC412056 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412057 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412059 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function LOC412059 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412059 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412059 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412070 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC412070 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC412070 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC412070 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412070 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC412070 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412074 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC412074 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412074 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412074 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412074 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412074 GO:0015662_13174_15 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate." [PMID:10322420, PMID:10600683] IEA molecular_function LOC412074 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412074 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412074 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412074 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412074 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412077 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412077 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412080 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412082 GO:0006744_6281_5 ubiquinone biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ubiquinone, a lipid-soluble electron-transporting coenzyme." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412082 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412082 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412082 GO:0008425_13174_1 2-polyprenyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-polyprenyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-polyprenyl-3-methyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine." [GOC:kd, PMID:9083048] IEA molecular_function LOC412084 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412088 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412088 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412088 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412091 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC412091 GO:0005179_13174_9 hormone activity "The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412091 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412091 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412091 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412091 GO:0031012_3650_9 extracellular matrix "A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals and bacteria) or be part of the cell (as in plants)." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC412108 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC412108 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC412108 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC412108 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412108 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC412108 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412111 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412112 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412112 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC412112 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412112 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412112 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412112 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412114 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC412114 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412116 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412117 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412118 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412118 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC412127 GO:0004045_13174_2 aminoacyl-tRNA hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: N-substituted aminoacyl-tRNA + H2O = N-substituted amino acid + tRNA." [EC:3.1.1.29] IEA molecular_function LOC412128 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412130 GO:0005096_13174_14 GTPase activator activity "Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412130 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412130 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412135 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412135 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412135 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC412137 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412143 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC412143 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412143 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412143 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412143 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC412143 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC412143 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC412143 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412144 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412144 GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412144 GO:0046873_13174_9 metal ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of metal ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412144 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412147 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC412149 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412149 GO:0003854_13174_12 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-beta-hydroxy-delta(5)-steroid + NAD+ = a 3-oxo-delta(5)-steroid + NADH + H(+)." [EC:1.1.1.145] IEA molecular_function LOC412149 GO:0006694_6281_12 steroid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412149 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412149 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412149 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412149 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412150 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412150 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC412150 GO:0006950_6281_6 response to stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412150 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412154 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC412154 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412155 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412159 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412159 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412161 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412161 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412161 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412161 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412162 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412162 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412163 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412163 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412164 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412166 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC412172 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412174 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412177 GO:0008483_13174_8 transaminase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412177 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412180 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412180 GO:0007049_6281_8 cell cycle "The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412180 GO:0031105_3650_2 septin complex "Any of several heterooligomeric complexes containing multiple septins." [GOC:mah, PMID:15385632] IEA cellular_component LOC412187 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412189 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412190 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412190 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412190 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412190 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412190 GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412190 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412192 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412193 GO:0004091_13174_4 carboxylesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylic anion." [EC:3.1.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC412193 GO:0016023_3650_1 cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle "A membrane-bounded vesicle found in the cytoplasm of the cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC412193 GO:0018738_13174_1 S-formylglutathione hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-formylglutathione + H(2)O = formate + glutathione + H(+)." [EC:3.1.2.12, RHEA:14964] IEA molecular_function LOC412200 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC412200 GO:0004185_13174_4 serine-type carboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC412200 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412200 GO:0004829_13174_1 threonine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-threonine + tRNA(Thr) = AMP + diphosphate + L-threonyl-tRNA(Thr)." [EC:6.1.1.3] IEA molecular_function LOC412200 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412200 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC412200 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC412200 GO:0006435_6281_1 threonyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling threonine to threonyl-tRNA, catalyzed by threonyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC412200 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412200 GO:0016876_13174_6 ligase activity, forming aminoacyl-tRNA and related compounds "Catalysis of the joining of an amino acid and a nucleic acid (usually tRNA) or poly(ribitol phosphate), with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. The reaction forms an aminoacyl-tRNA or a related compound." [EC:6.1.1, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412200 GO:0043039_6281_8 tRNA aminoacylation "The chemical reactions and pathways by which the various amino acids become bonded to their corresponding tRNAs. The most common route for synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA is by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, usually catalyzed by the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA ligase. A given aminoacyl-tRNA ligase aminoacylates all species of an isoaccepting group of tRNA molecules." [GOC:ma, GOC:mah, MetaCyc:Aminoacyl-tRNAs] IEA biological_process LOC412201 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412205 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412205 GO:0019835_6281_1 cytolysis "The rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm." [UniProtKB-KW:KW-0204] IEA biological_process LOC412215 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412217 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC412217 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC412217 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412217 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412217 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412217 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412217 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC412217 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412217 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412220 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC412220 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412220 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412220 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412220 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412221 GO:0009987_6281_8 cellular process "Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] IEA biological_process LOC412231 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412231 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412231 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412232 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC412232 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412232 GO:0008239_13174_7 dipeptidyl-peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain." [GOC:mb] IEA molecular_function LOC412233 GO:0016798_13174_3 hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any glycosyl bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412234 GO:0004735_13174_2 pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-proline + NADP+ = 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.5.1.2] IEA molecular_function LOC412234 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC412234 GO:0006561_6281_4 proline biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proline (pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid), a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412234 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412234 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412234 GO:0046168_6281_4 glycerol-3-phosphate catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412234 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412234 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412235 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC412235 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412235 GO:0006915_6281_8 apoptotic process "A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathways) which typically lead to rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. The process ends when the cell has died. The process is divided into a signaling pathway phase and into an execution phase, which is triggered by the former." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:18846107, PMID:21494263] IEA biological_process LOC412235 GO:0008234_13174_15 cysteine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC412236 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412236 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412247 GO:0001510_6281_1 RNA methylation "Posttranscriptional addition of a methyl group to either a nucleotide or 2'-O ribose in a polyribonucleotide. Usually uses S-adenosylmethionine as a cofactor." [GOC:hjd] IEA biological_process LOC412247 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412247 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412247 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412254 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412254 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412254 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412256 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412256 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412256 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412256 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC412259 GO:0005249_13174_12 voltage-gated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC412259 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412259 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412259 GO:0008076_3650_11 voltage-gated potassium channel complex "A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC412259 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412259 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC412260 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC412260 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC412260 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC412260 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412260 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC412260 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412262 GO:0000226_6281_11 microtubule cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412262 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412262 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC412262 GO:0008017_13174_2 microtubule binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with microtubules, filaments composed of tubulin monomers." [GOC:krc] IEA molecular_function LOC412263 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC412263 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412272 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412272 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412272 GO:0031418_13174_6 L-ascorbic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with L-ascorbic acid, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate; L-ascorbic acid is vitamin C and has co-factor and anti-oxidant activities in many species." [CHEBI:38290, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412272 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412276 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412276 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412276 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412277 GO:0004482_13174_1 mRNA (guanine-N7-)-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + G(5')pppR-RNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + m7G(5')pppR-RNA. m7G(5')pppR-RNA is mRNA containing an N7-methylguanine cap; R may be guanosine or adenosine." [EC:2.1.1.56] IEA molecular_function LOC412277 GO:0006370_6281_3 7-methylguanosine mRNA capping "Addition of the 7-methylguanosine cap to the 5' end of a nascent messenger RNA transcript." [GOC:mah, PMID:9266685] IEA biological_process LOC412279 GO:0005102_13174_13 receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412279 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC412281 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function LOC412281 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412281 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412281 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412282 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC412282 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412282 GO:0004823_13174_1 leucine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-leucine + ATP + tRNA(Leu) = AMP + diphosphate + 2 H(+) + Leu-tRNA(Leu)." [EC:6.1.1.4, RHEA:11691] IEA molecular_function LOC412282 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412282 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC412282 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC412282 GO:0006429_6281_1 leucyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling leucine to leucyl-tRNA, catalyzed by leucyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC412284 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412286 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412286 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412286 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412290 GO:0000226_6281_11 microtubule cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412290 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC412293 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC412293 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412299 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC412299 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412301 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC412303 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412303 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412303 GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412304 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412304 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412308 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412308 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412308 GO:0004518_13174_9 nuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC412308 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC412308 GO:0008409_13174_1 5'-3' exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 5' end." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412308 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412309 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC412309 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412309 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412309 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412309 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412309 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412309 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC412309 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412309 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412309 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412315 GO:0046907_6281_7 intracellular transport "The directed movement of substances within a cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412316 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412316 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412318 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412319 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC412319 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412319 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412326 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412326 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412331 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412338 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412338 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412340 GO:0004148_13174_2 dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine + NAD+ = protein N6-(lipoyl)lysine + NADH + H+." [EC:1.8.1.4] IEA molecular_function LOC412340 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC412340 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412340 GO:0016668_13174_3 oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412340 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC412340 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412340 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412341 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412341 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412342 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412343 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412344 GO:0004835_13174_12 tubulin-tyrosine ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + detyrosinated alpha-tubulin + L-tyrosine = alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.25] IEA molecular_function LOC412344 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412353 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412354 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412354 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412354 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412354 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC412355 GO:0004143_13174_8 diacylglycerol kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + 1,2-diacylglycerol = NDP + 1,2-diacylglycerol-3-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.107, GOC:elh] IEA molecular_function LOC412355 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412355 GO:0007205_6281_8 protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of protein kinase C (PKC). PKC is activated by second messengers including diacylglycerol (DAG)." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC412355 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC412360 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412366 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412366 GO:0016226_6281_4 iron-sulfur cluster assembly "The incorporation of iron and exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, GOC:pde, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC412366 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412372 GO:0004047_13174_3 aminomethyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (6S)-tetrahydrofolate + S-aminomethyldihydrolipoylprotein = (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NH3 + dihydrolipoylprotein." [EC:2.1.2.10] IEA molecular_function LOC412372 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC412372 GO:0006546_6281_3 glycine catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycine, aminoethanoic acid." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412372 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412372 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412378 GO:0016888_13174_2 endodeoxyribonuclease activity, producing 5'-phosphomonoesters "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 5'-phosphomonoesters." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412386 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412386 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412386 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC412388 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412393 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412393 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412393 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC412393 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412393 GO:0016805_13174_7 dipeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a dipeptide." [http://www.onelook.com] IEA molecular_function LOC412393 GO:0034701_13174_1 tripeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a tripeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412397 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412399 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412399 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC412399 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412407 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412407 GO:0009396_6281_8 folic acid-containing compound biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of folic acid and its derivatives." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412407 GO:0030272_13174_2 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cyclo-ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 5-formyltetrahydrofolate + ATP = 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + ADP + H(+) + phosphate." [EC:6.3.3.2, RHEA:10491] IEA molecular_function LOC412409 GO:0005744_3650_2 mitochondrial inner membrane presequence translocase complex "The protein transport machinery of the mitochondrial inner membrane that contains three essential Tim proteins: Tim17 and Tim23 are thought to build a preprotein translocation channel while Tim44 interacts transiently with the matrix heat-shock protein Hsp70 to form an ATP-driven import motor." [EC:3.6.3.51, PMID:8851659] IEA cellular_component LOC412409 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412409 GO:0015450_13174_5 P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven protein transmembrane transporter activity "Primary active carrier-mediated transport of a protein across a membrane, driven by the hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond of inorganic pyrophosphate, ATP, or another nucleoside triphosphate. The transport protein may or may not be transiently phosphorylated, but the substrate is not phosphorylated." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC412409 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412409 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC412410 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412410 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412419 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC412419 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC412419 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC412419 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412419 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC412419 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412423 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412423 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412423 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412426 GO:0004497_13174_7 monooxygenase activity "Catalysis of the incorporation of one atom from molecular oxygen into a compound and the reduction of the other atom of oxygen to water." [http://www.onelook.com/, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412426 GO:0006744_6281_5 ubiquinone biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ubiquinone, a lipid-soluble electron-transporting coenzyme." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412426 GO:0016709_13174_1 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from NADH or NADPH and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412426 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412426 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412430 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412430 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412431 GO:0005542_13174_2 folic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with folic acid, pteroylglutamic acid. Folic acid is widely distributed as a member of the vitamin B complex and is essential for the synthesis of purine and pyrimidines." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412431 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412431 GO:0008518_13174_1 reduced folate carrier activity "Catalysis of the transfer of reduced folate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport] IEA molecular_function LOC412431 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412442 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412442 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412443 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412446 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC412446 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC412446 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC412446 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412446 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412446 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412446 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC412446 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412448 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412448 GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412448 GO:0046873_13174_9 metal ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of metal ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412448 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412451 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412454 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412455 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412455 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC412455 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412455 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412455 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC412455 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412455 GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC412458 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412458 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412458 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412458 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412458 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412459 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412460 GO:0006520_6281_15 cellular amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33709, GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412460 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412467 GO:0003937_13174_1 IMP cyclohydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: IMP + H2O = 5-formamido-1-(5-phosphoribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide." [EC:3.5.4.10] IEA molecular_function LOC412467 GO:0004643_13174_1 phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + 5'-phosphoribosyl-5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide = tetrahydrofolate + 5'-phosphoribosyl-5-formamido-4-imidazolecarboxamide." [EC:2.1.2.3] IEA molecular_function LOC412467 GO:0006164_6281_4 purine nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412472 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412476 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412476 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412476 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412476 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412487 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412487 GO:0005544_13174_4 calcium-dependent phospholipid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phospholipids, a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester, in the presence of calcium." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412489 GO:0005319_13174_12 lipid transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412489 GO:0006869_6281_13 lipid transport "The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412489 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412491 GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412491 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412496 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC412496 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412496 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412496 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412505 GO:0006520_6281_15 cellular amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33709, GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412505 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412505 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412510 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412510 GO:0005635_3650_3 nuclear envelope "The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space)." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC412515 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC412515 GO:0016298_13174_5 lipase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a lipid or phospholipid." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412515 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412522 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412522 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412526 GO:0016853_13174_10 isomerase activity "Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412526 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC412540 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC412540 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412540 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412540 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412540 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC412540 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412541 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412541 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412544 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412545 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412545 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412546 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412546 GO:0004003_13174_7 ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; this reaction drives the unwinding of the DNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412546 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412546 GO:0016817_13174_10 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412546 GO:0016818_13174_12 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412548 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412548 GO:0016624_13174_6 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, disulfide as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a disulfide." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412550 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412550 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412550 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412554 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412554 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412569 GO:0004591_13174_3 oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (succinyl-transferring) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + lipoamide = S-succinyldihydrolipoamide + CO2." [EC:1.2.4.2] IEA molecular_function LOC412569 GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412569 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412569 GO:0016624_13174_6 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, disulfide as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a disulfide." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412569 GO:0030976_13174_4 thiamine pyrophosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with thiamine pyrophosphate, the diphosphoric ester of thiamine. Acts as a coenzyme of several (de)carboxylases, transketolases, and alpha-oxoacid dehydrogenases." [CHEBI:45931, GOC:mlg] IEA molecular_function LOC412569 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412573 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412573 GO:0004114_13174_10 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside 5'-phosphate." [EC:3.1.4.17] IEA molecular_function LOC412573 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412573 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC412573 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412574 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412574 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412574 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412574 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412579 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC412579 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412579 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412579 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC412579 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412588 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC412588 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC412588 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC412588 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412588 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412588 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC412588 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412593 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412593 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412596 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412602 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412602 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412606 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC412606 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412606 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC412607 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412607 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412607 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412610 GO:0004363_13174_2 glutathione synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-gamma-glutamyl-L-cysteine + ATP + glycine = ADP + glutathione + 2 H(+) + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.3, RHEA:13560] IEA molecular_function LOC412610 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412610 GO:0006750_6281_3 glutathione biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins." [CHEBI:16856, GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412612 GO:0008146_13174_13 sulfotransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate." [EC:2.8.2, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412613 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412613 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412613 GO:0007049_6281_8 cell cycle "The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412613 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412616 GO:0005249_13174_12 voltage-gated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC412616 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412616 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412616 GO:0008076_3650_11 voltage-gated potassium channel complex "A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC412616 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412617 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412619 GO:0004044_13174_1 amidophosphoribosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamine + L-glutamate + diphosphate = 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + L-glutamine + H(2)O." [EC:2.4.2.14, RHEA:14908] IEA molecular_function LOC412619 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412619 GO:0009113_6281_2 purine nucleobase biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, which include adenine and guanine." [CHEBI:26386, GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412619 GO:0009116_6281_6 nucleoside metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (a ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleoside), e.g. adenosine, guanosine, inosine, cytidine, uridine and deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, deoxycytidine and thymidine (= deoxythymidine)." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC412620 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC412620 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412620 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412620 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412620 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412624 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412624 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412629 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412637 GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412637 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412637 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412641 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412643 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412644 GO:0008242_13174_5 omega peptidase activity "Catalysis of the removal of terminal peptide residues that are substituted, cyclized or linked by isopeptide bonds (peptide linkages other than those of alpha-carboxyl to alpha-amino groups)." [EC:3.4.19.-] IEA molecular_function LOC412647 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412647 GO:0007049_6281_8 cell cycle "The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412648 GO:0008104_6281_3 protein localization "Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412651 GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412651 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC412651 GO:0033177_3650_11 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, proton-transporting domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and carries out proton transport across a membrane. The proton-transporting domain (F0, V0, or A0) includes integral and peripheral membrane proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component LOC412655 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412655 GO:0004722_13174_8 protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein serine phosphate + H2O = protein serine + phosphate, and protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC412655 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC412655 GO:0008287_3650_7 protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex "A complex, normally consisting of a catalytic and a regulatory subunit, which catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from a serine or threonine residue of a protein." [GOC:bf] IEA cellular_component LOC412661 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412665 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412665 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412665 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412667 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC412667 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC412667 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC412667 GO:0004867_13174_10 serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of serine-type endopeptidases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain; a serine residue (and a histidine residue) are at the active center of the enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412667 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412667 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412667 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC412667 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412670 GO:0004648_13174_1 O-phospho-L-serine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: O-phospho-L-serine + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-phosphonooxypyruvate + L-glutamate." [EC:2.6.1.52] IEA molecular_function LOC412670 GO:0006564_6281_3 L-serine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-serine, the L-enantiomer of serine, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid." [CHEBI:17115, GOC:ai, GOC:jsg] IEA biological_process LOC412670 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412676 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412679 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412679 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412681 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412681 GO:0008236_13174_15 serine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC412681 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412684 GO:0004335_13174_2 galactokinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactose + ATP = alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.6, RHEA:13556] IEA molecular_function LOC412684 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412684 GO:0006012_6281_5 galactose metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose. D-galactose is widely distributed in combined form in plants, animals and microorganisms as a constituent of oligo- and polysaccharides; it also occurs in galactolipids and as its glucoside in lactose and melibiose." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412684 GO:0016301_13174_14 kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412684 GO:0016310_6281_6 phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412684 GO:0046835_6281_2 carbohydrate phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group into a carbohydrate, any organic compound based on the general formula Cx(H2O)y." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412701 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412701 GO:0008104_6281_3 protein localization "Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412707 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412715 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412727 GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412727 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412727 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412728 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412728 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412731 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412731 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC412731 GO:0046854_6281_14 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a phosphatidylinositol, any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412734 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412735 GO:0008299_6281_12 isoprenoid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412741 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC412741 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412741 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412741 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412741 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412741 GO:0015662_13174_15 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate." [PMID:10322420, PMID:10600683] IEA molecular_function LOC412741 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412741 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412741 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412741 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412744 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412745 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412745 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC412745 GO:0016820_13174_11 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, catalyzing transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acid anhydride to directly drive the transport of a substance across a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412745 GO:0033178_3650_8 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, catalytic domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis or synthesis. The catalytic domain (F1, V1, or A1) comprises a hexameric catalytic core and a central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the membrane when the two-sector ATPase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component LOC412746 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412751 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412755 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412759 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412764 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412764 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412770 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC412770 GO:0005667_3650_10 transcription factor complex "A protein complex, distinct from RNA polymerase, that associates with DNA at promoters or at cis-acting regulatory sequences, by direct binding or by interaction with other DNA-binding polypeptides or complexes, and regulates transcription." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC412770 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC412771 GO:0008299_6281_12 isoprenoid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412774 GO:0004601_13174_12 peroxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7] IEA molecular_function LOC412774 GO:0006979_6281_14 response to oxidative stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] IEA biological_process LOC412774 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412774 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412777 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412777 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412784 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC412784 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412796 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412796 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412797 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC412797 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412797 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412797 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412797 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC412797 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412798 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412801 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412801 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412801 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412801 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412804 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC412804 GO:0007021_6281_6 tubulin complex assembly "The aggregation and bonding together of alpha- and beta-tubulin to form a tubulin heterodimer." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412804 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412806 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC412808 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC412808 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412809 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412809 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC412809 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412810 GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412810 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC412810 GO:0033177_3650_11 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, proton-transporting domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and carries out proton transport across a membrane. The proton-transporting domain (F0, V0, or A0) includes integral and peripheral membrane proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component LOC412813 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412815 GO:0000036_13174_6 ACP phosphopantetheine attachment site binding involved in fatty acid biosynthetic process "Interacting selectively with the attachment site of the phosphopantetheine prosthetic group of an acyl carrier protein (ACP) as part of the process of fatty acid biosynthesis." [CHEBI:22221, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412815 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412815 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412815 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412815 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412815 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412815 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412815 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412817 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC412817 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412817 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412817 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC412817 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412817 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412817 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412827 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412829 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412829 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412829 GO:0008484_13174_9 sulfuric ester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RSO-R' + H2O = RSOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any sulfuric ester bond, any ester formed from sulfuric acid, O=SO(OH)2." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412835 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412837 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412837 GO:0004523_13174_5 ribonuclease H activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA in RNA-DNA hybrids to 5'-phosphomonoesters." [EC:3.1.26.4] IEA molecular_function LOC412837 GO:0016070_6281_11 RNA metabolic process "The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412840 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412840 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC412840 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412840 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412840 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC412840 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412842 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412842 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412842 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC412844 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function LOC412844 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC412844 GO:0008138_13174_15 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412844 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412844 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412850 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412850 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412850 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412850 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412851 GO:0004629_13174_12 phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phospholipid + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + a phosphatidate." [EC:3.1.4.3, EC:3.1.4.4, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412851 GO:0006071_6281_4 glycerol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412851 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC412851 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412851 GO:0008889_13174_3 glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a glycerophosphodiester + H2O = an alcohol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate." [EC:3.1.4.46] IEA molecular_function LOC412851 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC412858 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412858 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412859 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412862 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412863 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412865 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412865 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412865 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC412865 GO:0031012_3650_9 extracellular matrix "A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals and bacteria) or be part of the cell (as in plants)." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC412876 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412876 GO:0004075_13174_4 biotin carboxylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + biotin-carboxyl-carrier protein + CO2 = ADP + phosphate + carboxybiotin-carboxyl-carrier protein." [EC:6.3.4.14] IEA molecular_function LOC412876 GO:0004736_13174_1 pyruvate carboxylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + bicarbonate + pyruvate = ADP + 2 H(+) + oxaloacetate + phosphate." [EC:6.4.1.1, RHEA:20847] IEA molecular_function LOC412876 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412876 GO:0006094_6281_3 gluconeogenesis "The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors, such as pyruvate, amino acids and glycerol." [MetaCyc:GLUCONEO-PWY] IEA biological_process LOC412876 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412876 GO:0016874_13174_7 ligase activity "Catalysis of the joining of two substances, or two groups within a single molecule, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [EC:6, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412876 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412878 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412878 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC412878 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412878 GO:0031424_6281_13 keratinization "The process in which the cytoplasm of the outermost cells of the vertebrate epidermis is replaced by keratin. Keratinization occurs in the stratum corneum, feathers, hair, claws, nails, hooves, and horns." [GOC:dph, GOC:ebc, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC412880 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412880 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412881 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412881 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412883 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC412883 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412884 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412884 GO:0005794_3650_2 Golgi apparatus "A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412884 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412884 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412884 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412884 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC412884 GO:0030117_3650_12 membrane coat "Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC412884 GO:0030131_3650_9 clathrin adaptor complex "A membrane coat adaptor complex that links clathrin to a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC412884 GO:0044431_3650_2 Golgi apparatus part "Any constituent part of the Golgi apparatus, a compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack." [GOC:jl] IEA cellular_component LOC412886 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC412886 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412886 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC412886 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412886 GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412886 GO:0043234_3650_15 protein complex "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412886 GO:0051258_6281_15 protein polymerization "The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412887 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC412887 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412887 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412887 GO:0031012_3650_9 extracellular matrix "A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals and bacteria) or be part of the cell (as in plants)." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC412888 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC412888 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412888 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412888 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412888 GO:0031012_3650_9 extracellular matrix "A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals and bacteria) or be part of the cell (as in plants)." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC412889 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412889 GO:0004084_13174_1 branched-chain-amino-acid transaminase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a branched-chain amino acid + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate + a 2-oxocarboxylate derived from the branched-chain amino acid." [EC:2.6.1.42, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412889 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412889 GO:0009081_6281_1 branched-chain amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids containing a branched carbon skeleton, comprising isoleucine, leucine and valine." [CHEBI:22918, GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412890 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC412890 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412890 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function LOC412890 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412892 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412892 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412914 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412914 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412914 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC412914 GO:0015629_3650_9 actin cytoskeleton "The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412917 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC412917 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC412917 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC412917 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412917 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC412917 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412918 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412918 GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412918 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412923 GO:0004055_13174_1 argininosuccinate synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-citrulline + L-aspartate = AMP + diphosphate + (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate." [EC:6.3.4.5] IEA molecular_function LOC412923 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412923 GO:0006526_6281_2 arginine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of arginine, 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid." [CHEBI:29016, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412925 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412925 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412926 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412926 GO:0008235_13174_9 metalloexopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the N- or C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#EXOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC412926 GO:0008239_13174_7 dipeptidyl-peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain." [GOC:mb] IEA molecular_function LOC412926 GO:0016805_13174_7 dipeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a dipeptide." [http://www.onelook.com] IEA molecular_function LOC412929 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412930 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC412930 GO:0007021_6281_6 tubulin complex assembly "The aggregation and bonding together of alpha- and beta-tubulin to form a tubulin heterodimer." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412930 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412931 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412932 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412937 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412941 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412941 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC412941 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC412944 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412944 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412948 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412948 GO:0004349_13174_1 glutamate 5-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate + ATP = L-glutamyl 5-phosphate + ADP + H(+)." [EC:2.7.2.11, RHEA:14880] IEA molecular_function LOC412948 GO:0004350_13174_1 glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + NADP(+) + phosphate = L-glutamyl 5-phosphate + H(+) + NADPH." [EC:1.2.1.41, RHEA:19544] IEA molecular_function LOC412948 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC412948 GO:0006561_6281_4 proline biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proline (pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid), a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412948 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC412948 GO:0008652_6281_1 cellular amino acid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412948 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412948 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412949 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412949 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC412949 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC412949 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC412949 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412949 GO:0030288_3650_9 outer membrane-bounded periplasmic space "The region between the inner (cytoplasmic or plasma) membrane and outer membrane of organisms with two membranes such as Gram negative bacteria. These periplasmic spaces are relatively thick and contain a thin cell wall." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] IEA cellular_component LOC412950 GO:0005643_3650_7 nuclear pore "Any of the numerous similar discrete openings in the nuclear envelope of a eukaryotic cell, where the inner and outer nuclear membranes are joined." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC412950 GO:0016973_6281_1 poly(A)+ mRNA export from nucleus "The directed movement of poly(A)+ mRNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC412955 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC412955 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412960 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function LOC412960 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC412960 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412960 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412968 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412969 GO:0019028_3650_3 viral capsid "The protein coat that surrounds the infective nucleic acid in some virus particles. It comprises numerous regularly arranged subunits, or capsomeres." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC412972 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412975 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC412975 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC412975 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC412976 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC412976 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412976 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC412986 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412986 GO:0016620_13174_11 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412986 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC412986 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412986 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC412988 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC412988 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC412988 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC412988 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412988 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC412988 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC412988 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412988 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC412988 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC412993 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC412993 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC412993 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC412994 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC412994 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC412997 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413002 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413002 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413002 GO:0016747_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413006 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413006 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC413006 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC413006 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413011 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413011 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413011 GO:0004828_13174_1 serine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-serine + tRNA(Ser) = AMP + diphosphate + L-seryl-tRNA(Ser)." [EC:6.1.1.11] IEA molecular_function LOC413011 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413011 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC413011 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC413011 GO:0006434_6281_1 seryl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling serine to seryl-tRNA, catalyzed by seryl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC413021 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC413021 GO:0004867_13174_10 serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of serine-type endopeptidases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain; a serine residue (and a histidine residue) are at the active center of the enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413021 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413021 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413021 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413021 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function LOC413021 GO:0030414_13174_13 peptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413021 GO:0031012_3650_9 extracellular matrix "A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals and bacteria) or be part of the cell (as in plants)." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC413023 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413023 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413023 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413023 GO:0030246_13174_13 carbohydrate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates." [CHEBI:16646, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413024 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413029 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC413029 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC413029 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC413029 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413029 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC413029 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413043 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413043 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413046 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413047 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413047 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC413048 GO:0000103_6281_2 sulfate assimilation "The pathways by which inorganic sulfate is processed and incorporated into sulfated compounds." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC413048 GO:0004781_13174_2 sulfate adenylyltransferase (ATP) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + sulfate = diphosphate + adenylylsulfate." [EC:2.7.7.4] IEA molecular_function LOC413048 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413048 GO:0016301_13174_14 kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413048 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413051 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413051 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413053 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413054 GO:0004601_13174_12 peroxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7] IEA molecular_function LOC413054 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413054 GO:0006979_6281_14 response to oxidative stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] IEA biological_process LOC413054 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413054 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC413055 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413055 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413055 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413060 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC413060 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413060 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC413060 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413064 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413064 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC413064 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413064 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413064 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC413087 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413087 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413087 GO:0008173_13174_2 RNA methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from a donor to a nucleoside residue in an RNA molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413089 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413089 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC413091 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413092 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413092 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413092 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413092 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component LOC413092 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC413096 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413096 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413096 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC413096 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413097 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413097 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC413097 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413097 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413097 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC413097 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC413097 GO:0008134_13174_12 transcription factor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413097 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413097 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC413097 GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413103 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC413103 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413103 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413108 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413109 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413109 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413110 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC413110 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function LOC413110 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413110 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC413112 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413112 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413112 GO:0004743_13174_2 pyruvate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pyruvate = ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate." [EC:2.7.1.40] IEA molecular_function LOC413112 GO:0006096_6281_14 glycolysis "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0716720094, Wikipedia:Glycolysis] IEA biological_process LOC413112 GO:0030955_13174_2 potassium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with potassium (K+) ions." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413113 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413120 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413120 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413122 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC413123 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC413123 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413123 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC413123 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413125 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413125 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413127 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function LOC413127 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC413129 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413129 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413129 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC413138 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413138 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413138 GO:0004012_13174_5 phospholipid-translocating ATPase activity "Catalysis of the movement of phospholipids from one membrane bilayer leaflet to the other (phospolipid 'flippase' activity), driven by the hydrolysis of ATP." [EC:3.6.3.1, PMID:15919184, PMID:9099684] IEA molecular_function LOC413138 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413138 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC413138 GO:0015662_13174_15 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate." [PMID:10322420, PMID:10600683] IEA molecular_function LOC413138 GO:0015914_6281_5 phospholipid transport "The directed movement of phospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Phospholipids are any lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC413138 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413138 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413138 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413145 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413149 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413153 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC413153 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC413153 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC413153 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413153 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC413153 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413159 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC413159 GO:0015269_13174_4 calcium-activated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the calcium concentration-regulatable energy-independent passage of potassium ions across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_transport] IEA molecular_function LOC413159 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413161 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413161 GO:0004722_13174_8 protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein serine phosphate + H2O = protein serine + phosphate, and protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC413161 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC413161 GO:0008287_3650_7 protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex "A complex, normally consisting of a catalytic and a regulatory subunit, which catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from a serine or threonine residue of a protein." [GOC:bf] IEA cellular_component LOC413164 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413168 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413168 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413173 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413176 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413176 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413177 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413181 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413185 GO:0004867_13174_10 serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of serine-type endopeptidases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain; a serine residue (and a histidine residue) are at the active center of the enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413189 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413189 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC413190 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC413190 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC413190 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC413190 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413190 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC413190 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413192 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413193 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413195 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413199 GO:0004872_13174_13 receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413199 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413199 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413199 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC413199 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413207 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413209 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC413209 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413209 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413210 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413210 GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component LOC413210 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC413210 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413210 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413213 GO:0004835_13174_12 tubulin-tyrosine ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + detyrosinated alpha-tubulin + L-tyrosine = alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.25] IEA molecular_function LOC413213 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC413215 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413222 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413222 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413226 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413228 GO:0003870_13174_1 5-aminolevulinate synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: glycine + H(+) + succinyl-CoA = 5-aminolevulinate + CO(2) + CoA." [EC:2.3.1.37, RHEA:12924] IEA molecular_function LOC413228 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413228 GO:0016769_13174_14 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413228 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413228 GO:0033014_6281_4 tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of tetrapyrroles, natural pigments containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next." [CHEBI:26932, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413233 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413233 GO:0004075_13174_4 biotin carboxylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + biotin-carboxyl-carrier protein + CO2 = ADP + phosphate + carboxybiotin-carboxyl-carrier protein." [EC:6.3.4.14] IEA molecular_function LOC413233 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413233 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413233 GO:0016874_13174_7 ligase activity "Catalysis of the joining of two substances, or two groups within a single molecule, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [EC:6, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413233 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413240 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413241 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC413241 GO:0005787_3650_4 signal peptidase complex "A protein complex that is located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and cleaves the signal sequence from precursor proteins following their transport out of the cytoplasmic space." [GOC:sgd_curators, PMID:1846444, PMID:7615509] IEA cellular_component LOC413241 GO:0006465_6281_5 signal peptide processing "The proteolytic removal of a signal peptide from a protein during or after transport to a specific location in the cell." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC413241 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413241 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function LOC413241 GO:0008271_13174_3 secondary active sulfate transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the secondary active transfer of sulfate from one side of the membrane to the other. Secondary active transport is catalysis of the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport] IEA molecular_function LOC413241 GO:0008272_6281_3 sulfate transport "The directed movement of sulfate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process LOC413241 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413241 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413241 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC413242 GO:0008146_13174_13 sulfotransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate." [EC:2.8.2, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413245 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413245 GO:0004527_13174_12 exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413245 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413248 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413248 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413248 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413248 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC413250 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413250 GO:0005575_3650_2 cellular_component "The part of a cell or its extracellular environment in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413250 GO:0009451_6281_12 RNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an RNA molecule to produce an RNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:1555811337] IEA biological_process LOC413250 GO:0051539_13174_10 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 4 iron, 4 sulfur (4Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of four iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC413252 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413252 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413252 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413252 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC413253 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413255 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413255 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413263 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413263 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC413265 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413266 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413266 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413266 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413266 GO:0046914_13174_11 transition metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transition metal ions; a transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413266 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC413270 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413274 GO:0004383_13174_4 guanylate cyclase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP = 3',5'-cyclic GMP + diphosphate." [EC:4.6.1.2] IEA molecular_function LOC413274 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413274 GO:0006182_6281_4 cGMP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyclic GMP, guanosine 3',5'-phosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413274 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413274 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413274 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413274 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC413280 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413285 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413285 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413286 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC413286 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC413286 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC413286 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413286 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC413286 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413294 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413295 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413295 GO:0003854_13174_12 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-beta-hydroxy-delta(5)-steroid + NAD+ = a 3-oxo-delta(5)-steroid + NADH + H(+)." [EC:1.1.1.145] IEA molecular_function LOC413295 GO:0006694_6281_12 steroid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC413295 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413295 GO:0016620_13174_11 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413295 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC413295 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413295 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC413299 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413299 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC413314 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413324 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413324 GO:0004568_13174_11 chitinase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins." [EC:3.2.1.14, GOC:bf, GOC:kah, GOC:pde, PMID:11468293] IEA molecular_function LOC413324 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413324 GO:0006032_6281_11 chitin catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413328 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413328 GO:0004012_13174_5 phospholipid-translocating ATPase activity "Catalysis of the movement of phospholipids from one membrane bilayer leaflet to the other (phospolipid 'flippase' activity), driven by the hydrolysis of ATP." [EC:3.6.3.1, PMID:15919184, PMID:9099684] IEA molecular_function LOC413328 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413328 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC413328 GO:0015662_13174_15 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate." [PMID:10322420, PMID:10600683] IEA molecular_function LOC413328 GO:0015914_6281_5 phospholipid transport "The directed movement of phospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Phospholipids are any lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC413328 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413328 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413333 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413336 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413336 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413337 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413337 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413337 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413341 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413341 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC413341 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413341 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC413341 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413341 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413341 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC413341 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC413341 GO:0031424_6281_13 keratinization "The process in which the cytoplasm of the outermost cells of the vertebrate epidermis is replaced by keratin. Keratinization occurs in the stratum corneum, feathers, hair, claws, nails, hooves, and horns." [GOC:dph, GOC:ebc, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC413343 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413345 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413345 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413346 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413346 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413346 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413350 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413351 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413354 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC413354 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC413354 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC413354 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413354 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413354 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC413354 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413356 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413356 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413356 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC413357 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC413357 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC413362 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413362 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413362 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413362 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413362 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413363 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413366 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC413366 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413366 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413366 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC413366 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413368 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413368 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413370 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413372 GO:0006537_6281_2 glutamate biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC413372 GO:0006807_6281_12 nitrogen compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium." [CHEBI:51143, GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413372 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413372 GO:0015930_13174_1 glutamate synthase activity "Catalysis of the formation of L-glutamine and 2-oxoglutarate from L-glutamate, using NADH, NADPH or ferredoxin as hydrogen acceptors." [EC:1.4.-.-] IEA molecular_function LOC413372 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413372 GO:0016638_13174_2 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413372 GO:0016639_13174_1 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413372 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413372 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC413376 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413376 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413376 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413387 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC413387 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413387 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413388 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC413388 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413388 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413388 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413388 GO:0018024_13174_10 histone-lysine N-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives." [EC:2.1.1.43, RESID:AA0074, RESID:AA0075, RESID:AA0076] IEA molecular_function LOC413388 GO:0034968_6281_4 histone lysine methylation "The modification of a histone by addition of a methyl group to a lysine residue." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413390 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413390 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413390 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413390 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC413391 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC413391 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413391 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413391 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC413391 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413394 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413394 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413394 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC413399 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413404 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413425 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413425 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413425 GO:0005942_3650_3 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex "A complex containing a heterodimer of a catalytic subunit and a regulatory (adaptor) subunit of any phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)." [GOC:bf] IEA cellular_component LOC413425 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413425 GO:0016303_13174_3 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol + ATP = a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.137, RHEA:12712] IEA molecular_function LOC413425 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413425 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413425 GO:0035004_13174_4 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a phosphatidylinositol = ADP + a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. This reaction is the addition of a phosphate group to phosphatidylinositol or one of its phosphorylated derivatives at the 3' position of the inositol ring." [GOC:bf, PMID:10209156, PMID:9255069] IEA molecular_function LOC413425 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC413425 GO:0046854_6281_14 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a phosphatidylinositol, any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413425 GO:0048015_6281_3 phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling "A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses a phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling to convert a signal into a response. Phosphatidylinositols include phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413429 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC413429 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413429 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413433 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413435 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413435 GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413440 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413444 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413450 GO:0019867_3650_1 outer membrane "The external membrane of Gram-negative bacteria or certain organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts; freely permeable to most ions and metabolites." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413451 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413451 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC413460 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413460 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413460 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC413460 GO:0038032_6281_14 termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The signaling process in which G-protein coupled receptor signaling is brought to an end. For example, through the action of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that act to accelerate hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on G-alpha proteins, thereby terminating the transduced signal." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC413462 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC413462 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC413462 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC413462 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413462 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413462 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC413462 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413462 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413464 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC413464 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC413464 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC413464 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413464 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413464 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC413464 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413467 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC413467 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC413467 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC413467 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413467 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC413467 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413468 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413468 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413471 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413471 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413471 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413471 GO:0006754_6281_7 ATP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413471 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC413471 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413471 GO:0015077_13174_3 monovalent inorganic cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a inorganic cations with a valency of one from one side of a membrane to the other. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge that do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC413471 GO:0015662_13174_15 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate." [PMID:10322420, PMID:10600683] IEA molecular_function LOC413471 GO:0015672_6281_4 monovalent inorganic cation transport "The directed movement of inorganic cations with a valency of one into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC413471 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413471 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413471 GO:0016820_13174_11 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, catalyzing transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acid anhydride to directly drive the transport of a substance across a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413471 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413472 GO:0005921_3650_4 gap junction "A cell-cell junction that is composed of an array of small channels that permit small molecules to pass from one cell to another. At gap junctions, the membranes of two adjacent cells are separated by a uniform narrow gap of about 2-4 nm that is spanned by channel-forming proteins called connexins, which form hexagonal tubes called connexons." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle, http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/cmb/cells/pmemb/junctions_g.html, ISBN:0815332181] IEA cellular_component LOC413478 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413478 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC413481 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413481 GO:0004568_13174_11 chitinase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins." [EC:3.2.1.14, GOC:bf, GOC:kah, GOC:pde, PMID:11468293] IEA molecular_function LOC413481 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413481 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413481 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413481 GO:0006032_6281_11 chitin catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413481 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413484 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413484 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413484 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413486 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413488 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413488 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413488 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413488 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC413488 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC413491 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413494 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413494 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413499 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413499 GO:0005680_3650_1 anaphase-promoting complex "A ubiquitin ligase complex that degrades mitotic cyclins and anaphase inhibitory protein, thereby triggering sister chromatid separation and exit from mitosis. Substrate recognition by APC occurs through degradation signals, the most common of which is termed the Dbox degradation motif, originally discovered in cyclin B." [GOC:jh, GOC:vw, PMID:10465783, PMID:10611969] IEA cellular_component LOC413499 GO:0030071_6281_1 regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the onset of anaphase (chromosome movement) in the mitotic cell cycle." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413507 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC413507 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413510 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC413510 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC413510 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC413510 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413510 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC413510 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413512 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413515 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC413515 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413515 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413527 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC413527 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413531 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413531 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413532 GO:0000176_3650_2 nuclear exosome (RNase complex) "Complex of 3'-5' exoribonucleases found in the nucleus." [PMID:10465791] IEA cellular_component LOC413532 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413532 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413532 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC413532 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413532 GO:0008408_13174_6 3'-5' exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' end." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413533 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413533 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413533 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413533 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413539 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413539 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC413539 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413539 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413539 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413542 GO:0000175_13174_1 3'-5'-exoribonuclease activity "Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of mononucleotides from a free 3' terminus of an RNA molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413542 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413542 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413545 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413547 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413549 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413549 GO:0032580_3650_2 Golgi cisterna membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the thin, flattened compartments that form the central portion of the Golgi complex." [GOC:ecd, GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC413550 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC413550 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413553 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413553 GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC413553 GO:0046873_13174_9 metal ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of metal ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413553 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC413555 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413556 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC413556 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413556 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413556 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC413562 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413562 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413562 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC413567 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413567 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413567 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413567 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC413567 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413568 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function LOC413568 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC413568 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413574 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413575 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC413575 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413575 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413575 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413575 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC413575 GO:0022891_13174_9 substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a specific substance or group of related substances from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC413575 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC413576 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC413576 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413576 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413576 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413576 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC413576 GO:0022891_13174_9 substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a specific substance or group of related substances from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC413576 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC413577 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC413577 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC413577 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC413577 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413577 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC413577 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413578 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413578 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413579 GO:0004571_13174_5 mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the terminal (1->2)-linked alpha-D-mannose residues in the oligo-mannose oligosaccharide Man(9)(GlcNAc)(2)." [EC:3.2.1.113] IEA molecular_function LOC413579 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413579 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413582 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC413582 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413585 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413592 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413592 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413592 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413613 GO:0005783_3650_14 endoplasmic reticulum "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413613 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413613 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413618 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413619 GO:0004721_13174_4 phosphoprotein phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphoprotein + H2O = a protein + phosphate. Together with protein kinases, these enzymes control the state of phosphorylation of cell proteins and thereby provide an important mechanism for regulating cellular activity." [EC:3.1.3.16, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413619 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413619 GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413631 GO:0006807_6281_12 nitrogen compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium." [CHEBI:51143, GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413631 GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413633 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC413633 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC413633 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC413633 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413633 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC413633 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413635 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC413635 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413643 GO:0006506_6281_12 GPI anchor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413643 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413648 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC413648 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC413648 GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413650 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413650 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413650 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413650 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413650 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC413650 GO:0006406_6281_1 mRNA export from nucleus "The directed movement of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC413650 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413650 GO:0051028_6281_3 mRNA transport "The directed movement of mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC413652 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413652 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413652 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413652 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413652 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC413653 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC413653 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC413653 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413655 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413655 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413655 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413660 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413660 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413660 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413660 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413660 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413660 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413660 GO:0016818_13174_12 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413663 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC413663 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function LOC413663 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC413663 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413663 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413663 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413663 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413663 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413666 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413666 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413666 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413666 GO:0005777_3650_6 peroxisome "A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism." [GOC:pm, PMID:9302272, UniProtKB-KW:KW-0576] IEA cellular_component LOC413666 GO:0007031_6281_4 peroxisome organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a peroxisome. A peroxisome is a small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413666 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC413668 GO:0005179_13174_9 hormone activity "The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413668 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413669 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413670 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413672 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413677 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413677 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413677 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413677 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC413678 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413683 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413683 GO:0008060_13174_9 ARF GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413683 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413683 GO:0032312_6281_9 regulation of ARF GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413686 GO:0030515_13174_1 snoRNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with small nucleolar RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413686 GO:0031120_6281_1 snRNA pseudouridine synthesis "The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine in an snRNA molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413686 GO:0042254_6281_10 ribosome biogenesis "A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC413689 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413689 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413689 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC413691 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413693 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413697 GO:0004371_13174_1 glycerone kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + glycerone = ADP + glycerone phosphate + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.29, RHEA:15776] IEA molecular_function LOC413697 GO:0006071_6281_4 glycerol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413700 GO:0010181_13174_8 FMN binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FMN, flavin mononucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes." [GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC413700 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413700 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC413702 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413702 GO:0008203_6281_1 cholesterol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones. It is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413702 GO:0016042_6281_9 lipid catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC413702 GO:0016298_13174_5 lipase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a lipid or phospholipid." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413702 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413705 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413705 GO:0004568_13174_11 chitinase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins." [EC:3.2.1.14, GOC:bf, GOC:kah, GOC:pde, PMID:11468293] IEA molecular_function LOC413705 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413705 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413705 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413705 GO:0006032_6281_11 chitin catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413705 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413709 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413713 GO:0009103_6281_4 lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipopolysaccharides, any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC413714 GO:0043461_6281_1 proton-transporting ATP synthase complex assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a proton-transporting ATP synthase (also known as F-type ATPase), a two-sector ATPase found in the inner membrane of mitochondria and chloroplasts, and in bacterial plasma membranes." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, http://www.mblab.gla.ac.uk/] IEA biological_process LOC413724 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413724 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413724 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413724 GO:0018024_13174_10 histone-lysine N-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives." [EC:2.1.1.43, RESID:AA0074, RESID:AA0075, RESID:AA0076] IEA molecular_function LOC413724 GO:0034968_6281_4 histone lysine methylation "The modification of a histone by addition of a methyl group to a lysine residue." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413732 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413736 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC413736 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC413736 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC413736 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413736 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC413736 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413737 GO:0004835_13174_12 tubulin-tyrosine ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + detyrosinated alpha-tubulin + L-tyrosine = alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.25] IEA molecular_function LOC413737 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC413738 GO:0005158_13174_6 insulin receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin receptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413739 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413739 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC413740 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413746 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413746 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413746 GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC413753 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC413753 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413758 GO:0006364_6281_13 rRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC413758 GO:0032040_3650_5 small-subunit processome "A large ribonucleoprotein complex that is an early preribosomal complex. In S. cerevisiae, it has a size of 80S and consists of the 35S pre-rRNA, early-associating ribosomal proteins most of which are part of the small ribosomal subunit, the U3 snoRNA and associated proteins." [PMID:12068309, PMID:12957375, PMID:15120992, PMID:15590835] IEA cellular_component LOC413759 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413759 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC413759 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC413759 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC413759 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413759 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413759 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413759 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413759 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC413759 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413759 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413762 GO:0005759_3650_2 mitochondrial matrix "The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation." [GOC:as, ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413768 GO:0004591_13174_3 oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (succinyl-transferring) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + lipoamide = S-succinyldihydrolipoamide + CO2." [EC:1.2.4.2] IEA molecular_function LOC413768 GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413768 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413768 GO:0016624_13174_6 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, disulfide as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a disulfide." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413768 GO:0030976_13174_4 thiamine pyrophosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with thiamine pyrophosphate, the diphosphoric ester of thiamine. Acts as a coenzyme of several (de)carboxylases, transketolases, and alpha-oxoacid dehydrogenases." [CHEBI:45931, GOC:mlg] IEA molecular_function LOC413768 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC413785 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413785 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC413789 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413791 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413791 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413791 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413795 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413796 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413796 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413796 GO:0004825_13174_2 methionine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-methionine + tRNA(Met) = AMP + diphosphate + L-methionyl-tRNA(Met)." [EC:6.1.1.10] IEA molecular_function LOC413796 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413796 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC413796 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC413796 GO:0006431_6281_2 methionyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling methionine to methionyl-tRNA, catalyzed by methionyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC413802 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413805 GO:0001522_6281_10 pseudouridine synthesis "The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine within an RNA molecule. This posttranscriptional base modification occurs in tRNA, rRNA, and snRNAs." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413805 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413805 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413805 GO:0009451_6281_12 RNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an RNA molecule to produce an RNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:1555811337] IEA biological_process LOC413805 GO:0009982_13174_10 pseudouridine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RNA uridine = RNA pseudouridine. Conversion of uridine in an RNA molecule to pseudouridine by rotation of the C1'-N-1 glycosidic bond of uridine in RNA to a C1'-C5." [EC:5.4.99.12, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413810 GO:0004326_13174_1 tetrahydrofolylpolyglutamate synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + tetrahydrofolyl-(Glu)(n) + L-glutamate = ADP + phosphate + tetrahydrofolyl-(Glu)(n+1)." [EC:6.3.2.17] IEA molecular_function LOC413810 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413810 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413810 GO:0009396_6281_8 folic acid-containing compound biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of folic acid and its derivatives." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC413810 GO:0016874_13174_7 ligase activity "Catalysis of the joining of two substances, or two groups within a single molecule, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [EC:6, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413812 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413812 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413812 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC413815 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413815 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413815 GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413816 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC413816 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413816 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413816 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC413817 GO:0008440_13174_5 inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.127, RHEA:11023] IEA molecular_function LOC413822 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413825 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413825 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413827 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413827 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413827 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413827 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413827 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413827 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC413827 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC413827 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413827 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC413827 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413827 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC413829 GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function LOC413829 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function LOC413829 GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC413829 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC413829 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413829 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413831 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413831 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413831 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC413840 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413840 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC413844 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413844 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413844 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413845 GO:0005742_3650_1 mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex "A large complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane that mediates transport of proteins into all mitochondrial compartments." [PMID:12581629] IEA cellular_component LOC413845 GO:0006605_6281_5 protein targeting "The process of targeting specific proteins to particular membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC413845 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413852 GO:0006807_6281_12 nitrogen compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium." [CHEBI:51143, GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413852 GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413855 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC413855 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC413858 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413869 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413869 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413874 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413874 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413874 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413874 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413877 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413879 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413879 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413879 GO:0008654_6281_10 phospholipid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413879 GO:0016780_13174_6 phosphotransferase activity, for other substituted phosphate groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a substituted phosphate group, other than diphosphate or nucleotidyl residues, from one compound (donor) to a another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/EC2/intro.html] IEA molecular_function LOC413880 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413881 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413881 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413881 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413881 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC413881 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC413881 GO:0030117_3650_12 membrane coat "Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC413885 GO:0006520_6281_15 cellular amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33709, GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413885 GO:0016829_13174_6 lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring." [EC:4.-.-.-, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413889 GO:0000049_13174_4 tRNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with transfer RNA." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413889 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413889 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC413889 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process LOC413889 GO:0034227_6281_2 tRNA thio-modification "The addition a sulfur atom to a nucleotide in a tRNA molecule." [GOC:mcc, PMID:12549933, PMID:14722066] IEA biological_process LOC413892 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413892 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC413898 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413899 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413900 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413906 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413906 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC413907 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413907 GO:0016624_13174_6 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, disulfide as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a disulfide." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413914 GO:0008146_13174_13 sulfotransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate." [EC:2.8.2, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413914 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413917 GO:0006506_6281_12 GPI anchor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413917 GO:0016757_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413917 GO:0031227_3650_9 intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane "Located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC413924 GO:0016620_13174_11 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413924 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC413926 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413926 GO:0008234_13174_15 cysteine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC413929 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413929 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413929 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413929 GO:0016706_13174_8 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom each of oxygen into both donors "Catalysis of the reaction: A + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = B + succinate + CO2. This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413929 GO:0031418_13174_6 L-ascorbic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with L-ascorbic acid, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate; L-ascorbic acid is vitamin C and has co-factor and anti-oxidant activities in many species." [CHEBI:38290, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413929 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC413930 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413933 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413934 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC413934 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC413934 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413934 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC413935 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413936 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC413942 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413942 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC413944 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC413944 GO:0004540_13174_5 ribonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in chains of RNA." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413955 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413955 GO:0042802_13174_2 identical protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413957 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413966 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC413966 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC413966 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC413968 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC413968 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC413968 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413968 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC413968 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC413971 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413973 GO:0004835_13174_12 tubulin-tyrosine ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + detyrosinated alpha-tubulin + L-tyrosine = alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.25] IEA molecular_function LOC413973 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC413977 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413977 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC413977 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413984 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413984 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC413994 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC413994 GO:0015269_13174_4 calcium-activated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the calcium concentration-regulatable energy-independent passage of potassium ions across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_transport] IEA molecular_function LOC413994 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC413997 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC413998 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC413998 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC414009 GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC414009 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC414009 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC414017 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC414017 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC414017 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC414017 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC414017 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC414017 GO:0045892_6281_5 negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC414021 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC414021 GO:0004114_13174_10 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside 5'-phosphate." [EC:3.1.4.17] IEA molecular_function LOC414021 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC414021 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC414025 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC414026 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC414027 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC414027 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC414028 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC414028 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC414028 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC414028 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC414029 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC414029 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC414029 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC414029 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC414029 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC414029 GO:0007283_6281_2 spermatogenesis "The process of formation of spermatozoa, including spermatocytogenesis and spermiogenesis." [GOC:jid, ISBN:9780878933846] IEA biological_process LOC414029 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC414029 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC414032 GO:0004835_13174_12 tubulin-tyrosine ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + detyrosinated alpha-tubulin + L-tyrosine = alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.25] IEA molecular_function LOC414032 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC414035 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC414036 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC414038 GO:0006505_6281_2 GPI anchor metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors, molecular mechanisms for attaching membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of cell membranes. Structurally they consist of a molecule of phosphatidylinositol to which is linked, via the C-6 hydroxyl of the inositol, a carbohydrate chain. This chain is in turn linked to the protein through an ethanolamine phosphate group, the amino group of which is in amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein chain, the phosphate group being esterified to the C-6 hydroxyl of the terminal mannose of the core carbohydrate chain." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC414038 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC414038 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC414038 GO:0031227_3650_9 intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane "Located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC414042 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC414043 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC414051 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC414051 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC414051 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC414051 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC414051 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC414052 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC414052 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC550651 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC550651 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC550651 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC550651 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC550651 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC550659 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC550663 GO:0004616_13174_4 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 6-phospho-D-gluconate + NADP+ = D-ribulose 5-phosphate + CO2 + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.44] IEA molecular_function LOC550663 GO:0006098_6281_6 pentose-phosphate shunt "The process in which glucose is oxidized, coupled to NADPH synthesis. Glucose 6-P is oxidized with the formation of carbon dioxide (CO2), ribulose 5-phosphate and reduced NADP; ribulose 5-P then enters a series of reactions interconverting sugar phosphates. The pentose phosphate pathway is a major source of reducing equivalents for biosynthesis reactions and is also important for the conversion of hexoses to pentoses." [ISBN:0198506732, MetaCyc:PENTOSE-P-PWY] IEA biological_process LOC550663 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550663 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC550668 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550668 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC550682 GO:0000015_3650_2 phosphopyruvate hydratase complex "A multimeric enzyme complex, usually a dimer or an octamer, that catalyzes the conversion of 2-phospho-D-glycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate and water." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC550682 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC550682 GO:0004634_13174_2 phosphopyruvate hydratase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O." [EC:4.2.1.11, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550682 GO:0006096_6281_14 glycolysis "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0716720094, Wikipedia:Glycolysis] IEA biological_process LOC550689 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550689 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC550691 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC550691 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC550692 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC550692 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC550692 GO:0006367_6281_13 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC550698 GO:0000079_6281_9 regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CDK activity." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC550698 GO:0019901_13174_10 protein kinase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC550701 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550701 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC550706 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550706 GO:0031177_13174_11 phosphopantetheine binding "Interacting selectively with phosphopantetheine, the vitamin pantetheine 4'-(dihydrogen phosphate)." [CHEBI:16858, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC550712 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC550712 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC550712 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC550712 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550712 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC550712 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550716 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC550716 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550716 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC550716 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC550716 GO:0030130_3650_2 clathrin coat of trans-Golgi network vesicle "A clathrin coat found on a vesicle of the trans-Golgi network." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC550716 GO:0030132_3650_2 clathrin coat of coated pit "The coat found on coated pits and the coated vesicles derived from coated pits; comprises clathrin and the AP-2 adaptor complex." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC550726 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550748 GO:0008060_13174_9 ARF GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC550748 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC550748 GO:0032312_6281_9 regulation of ARF GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC550780 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC550780 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550785 GO:0004332_13174_2 fructose-bisphosphate aldolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate = glycerone phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate." [EC:4.1.2.13] IEA molecular_function LOC550785 GO:0006096_6281_14 glycolysis "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0716720094, Wikipedia:Glycolysis] IEA biological_process LOC550789 GO:0008898_13174_2 homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + L-methionine." [EC:2.1.1.10] IEA molecular_function LOC550794 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC550794 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550794 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC550794 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550794 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC550794 GO:0030163_6281_11 protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC550795 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550798 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC550801 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC550801 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550801 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550801 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC550804 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550804 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC550808 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550816 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC550816 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550816 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC550818 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550818 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC550818 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC550818 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC550818 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC550818 GO:0019001_13174_8 guanyl nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with guanyl nucleotides, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550824 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC550824 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC550827 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC550827 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC550827 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC550827 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC550827 GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC550827 GO:0043234_3650_15 protein complex "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC550827 GO:0051258_6281_15 protein polymerization "The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC550828 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC550830 GO:0009168_6281_5 purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC550830 GO:0019239_13174_5 deaminase activity "Catalysis of the removal of an amino group from a substrate, producing ammonia (NH3)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC550835 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC550835 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550835 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550835 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC550858 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC550865 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550869 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550869 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC550869 GO:0008449_13174_1 N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the 6-sulfate group of the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate units of heparan sulfate and keratan sulfate." [EC:3.1.6.14] IEA molecular_function LOC550869 GO:0008484_13174_9 sulfuric ester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RSO-R' + H2O = RSOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any sulfuric ester bond, any ester formed from sulfuric acid, O=SO(OH)2." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC550869 GO:0030203_6281_1 glycosaminoglycan metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosaminoglycans, any one of a group of polysaccharides that contain amino sugars. Formerly known as mucopolysaccharides, they include hyaluronic acid and chondroitin, which provide lubrication in joints and form part of the matrix of cartilage. The three-dimensional structure of these molecules enables them to trap water, which forms a gel and gives glycosaminoglycans their elastic properties." [ISBN:0192800981] IEA biological_process LOC550870 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550884 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550884 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC550884 GO:0008484_13174_9 sulfuric ester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RSO-R' + H2O = RSOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any sulfuric ester bond, any ester formed from sulfuric acid, O=SO(OH)2." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC550885 GO:0004516_13174_1 nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + nicotinate D-ribonucleotide = 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + H(+) + nicotinate." [EC:2.4.2.11, RHEA:13396] IEA molecular_function LOC550885 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC550885 GO:0009435_6281_3 NAD biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; biosynthesis may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0618254153] IEA biological_process LOC550885 GO:0019358_6281_1 nicotinate nucleotide salvage "The generation of nicotinate nucleotide without de novo synthesis." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC550885 GO:0019363_6281_1 pyridine nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pyridine nucleotide, a nucleotide characterized by a pyridine derivative as a nitrogen base." [GOC:jl, GOC:pde, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC550901 GO:0004091_13174_4 carboxylesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylic anion." [EC:3.1.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC550906 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550915 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC550915 GO:0008324_13174_13 cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of cation from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:dgf, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC550915 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC550915 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC550920 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550926 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550926 GO:0004615_13174_1 phosphomannomutase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate = D-mannose 6-phosphate." [EC:5.4.2.8, RHEA:11143] IEA molecular_function LOC550926 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC550926 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC550926 GO:0019307_6281_1 mannose biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC550929 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC550929 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC550929 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC550929 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550929 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC550929 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550938 GO:0004866_13174_7 endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an endopeptidase, any enzyme that hydrolyzes nonterminal peptide bonds in polypeptides." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC550940 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC550940 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC550940 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC550940 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550940 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550940 GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC550940 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC550940 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC550964 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC550964 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC550964 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC550964 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550964 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC550964 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC550964 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550964 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC550964 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC550966 GO:0000151_3650_13 ubiquitin ligase complex "A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex." [PMID:9529603] IEA cellular_component LOC550966 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function LOC550966 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function LOC550966 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC550966 GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC550969 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550969 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC550969 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550969 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC550969 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550970 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC550970 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC550970 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550973 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC550976 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC550976 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550977 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC550977 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550977 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC550977 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC550984 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550987 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC550987 GO:0016462_13174_1 pyrophosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a pyrophosphate bond between two phosphate groups, leaving one phosphate on each of the two fragments." [EC:3.6.1.-, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550989 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC550992 GO:0008430_13174_3 selenium binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with selenium (Se)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC550992 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC550997 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550997 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC550998 GO:0008146_13174_13 sulfotransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate." [EC:2.8.2, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC550998 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551005 GO:0004396_13174_2 hexokinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-hexose = ADP + D-hexose 6-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC551005 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551005 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551005 GO:0006096_6281_14 glycolysis "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0716720094, Wikipedia:Glycolysis] IEA biological_process LOC551005 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551007 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551011 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551011 GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component LOC551011 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC551011 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551011 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551016 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551016 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551016 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551016 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551016 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551016 GO:0006461_6281_5 protein complex assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551016 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551016 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC551017 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551020 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551020 GO:0004722_13174_8 protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein serine phosphate + H2O = protein serine + phosphate, and protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC551020 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC551020 GO:0008287_3650_7 protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex "A complex, normally consisting of a catalytic and a regulatory subunit, which catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from a serine or threonine residue of a protein." [GOC:bf] IEA cellular_component LOC551029 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551029 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551031 GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC551033 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551033 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551034 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551034 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551034 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551034 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551034 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551034 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC551034 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551034 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551034 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551039 GO:0004148_13174_2 dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine + NAD+ = protein N6-(lipoyl)lysine + NADH + H+." [EC:1.8.1.4] IEA molecular_function LOC551039 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551039 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process LOC551039 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551039 GO:0016668_13174_3 oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551039 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC551039 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551039 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551041 GO:0004370_13174_3 glycerol kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + glycerol = sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.30, RHEA:21647] IEA molecular_function LOC551041 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551041 GO:0006072_6281_5 glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551041 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551045 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551045 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551047 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551053 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC551053 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551053 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551053 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551053 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC551053 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551054 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551054 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551059 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551061 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551061 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551061 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551061 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551061 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551061 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC551061 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551061 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551065 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551067 GO:0008104_6281_3 protein localization "Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551071 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC551071 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551071 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551071 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551071 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551071 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC551072 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551072 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551083 GO:0001522_6281_10 pseudouridine synthesis "The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine within an RNA molecule. This posttranscriptional base modification occurs in tRNA, rRNA, and snRNAs." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551083 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551083 GO:0009451_6281_12 RNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an RNA molecule to produce an RNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:1555811337] IEA biological_process LOC551083 GO:0009982_13174_10 pseudouridine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RNA uridine = RNA pseudouridine. Conversion of uridine in an RNA molecule to pseudouridine by rotation of the C1'-N-1 glycosidic bond of uridine in RNA to a C1'-C5." [EC:5.4.99.12, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551086 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551086 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551086 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551087 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551088 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551088 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551088 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551088 GO:0004816_13174_2 asparagine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-asparagine + ATP + tRNA(Asn) = AMP + Asn-tRNA(Asn) + diphosphate + 2 H(+)." [EC:6.1.1.22, RHEA:11183] IEA molecular_function LOC551088 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551088 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551088 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC551088 GO:0006421_6281_2 asparaginyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling asparagine to asparaginyl-tRNA, catalyzed by asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC551089 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551089 GO:0046914_13174_11 transition metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transition metal ions; a transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551089 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551093 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551093 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551093 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC551093 GO:0015992_6281_5 proton transport "The directed movement of protons (hydrogen ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC551093 GO:0016469_3650_4 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex "A large protein complex that catalyzes the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by a rotational mechanism, coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0, V0, or A0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1, V1, or A1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis or hydrolysis. Two major types have been characterized: V-type ATPases couple ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across a concentration gradient, whereas F-type ATPases, also known as ATP synthases, normally run in the reverse direction to utilize energy from a proton concentration or electrochemical gradient to synthesize ATP. A third type, A-type ATPases have been found in archaea, and are closely related to eukaryotic V-type ATPases but are reversible." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16691483] IEA cellular_component LOC551093 GO:0016820_13174_11 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, catalyzing transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acid anhydride to directly drive the transport of a substance across a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551093 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC551093 GO:0033178_3650_8 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, catalytic domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis or synthesis. The catalytic domain (F1, V1, or A1) comprises a hexameric catalytic core and a central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the membrane when the two-sector ATPase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component LOC551093 GO:0033180_3650_4 proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V1 domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis. The V1 complex consists of: (1) a globular headpiece with three alternating copies of subunits A and B that form a ring, (2) a central rotational stalk composed of single copies of subunits D and F, and (3) a peripheral stalk made of subunits C, E, G and H. Subunits A and B mediate the hydrolysis of ATP at three reaction sites associated with subunit A." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16449553] IEA cellular_component LOC551093 GO:0046034_6281_10 ATP metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551093 GO:0046933_13174_9 hydrogen ion transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + phosphate = ATP + H2O, coupled with transport of H+ down a concentration gradient, by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14, TC:3.A.2.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC551093 GO:0046961_13174_10 proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14] IEA molecular_function LOC551094 GO:0016884_13174_4 carbon-nitrogen ligase activity, with glutamine as amido-N-donor "Catalysis of the transfer of the amide nitrogen of glutamine to a variety of substrates. GATases catalyze two separate reactions at two active sites, which are located either on a single polypeptide chain or on different subunits. In the glutaminase reaction, glutamine is hydrolyzed to glutamate and ammonia, which is added to an acceptor substrate in the synthase reaction." [PMID:12360532] IEA molecular_function LOC551098 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551101 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551101 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551101 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551101 GO:0004826_13174_3 phenylalanine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNA(Phe) = AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNA(Phe)." [EC:6.1.1.20] IEA molecular_function LOC551101 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551101 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551101 GO:0006432_6281_3 phenylalanyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling phenylalanine to phenylalanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC551102 GO:0004478_13174_1 methionine adenosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-methionine + H2O = phosphate + diphosphate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine." [EC:2.5.1.6] IEA molecular_function LOC551102 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551102 GO:0006556_6281_1 S-adenosylmethionine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551103 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551103 GO:0016624_13174_6 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, disulfide as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a disulfide." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551113 GO:0003842_13174_1 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + NAD+ + H2O = L-glutamate + NADH + H(+)." [EC:1.5.1.12] IEA molecular_function LOC551113 GO:0005759_3650_2 mitochondrial matrix "The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation." [GOC:as, ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551113 GO:0006561_6281_4 proline biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proline (pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid), a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551113 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551113 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551113 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551114 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551114 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551115 GO:0007026_6281_3 negative regulation of microtubule depolymerization "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule depolymerization; prevention of depolymerization of a microtubule can result from binding by 'capping' at the plus end (e.g. by interaction with another cellular protein of structure) or by exposing microtubules to a stabilizing drug such as taxol." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC551121 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551121 GO:0008235_13174_9 metalloexopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the N- or C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#EXOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC551121 GO:0008239_13174_7 dipeptidyl-peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain." [GOC:mb] IEA molecular_function LOC551121 GO:0016805_13174_7 dipeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a dipeptide." [http://www.onelook.com] IEA molecular_function LOC551125 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551125 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551125 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551125 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551129 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551129 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551137 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551137 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551139 GO:0004435_13174_8 phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H(2)O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + H(+)." [EC:3.1.4.11, RHEA:23915] IEA molecular_function LOC551139 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551139 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551139 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC551139 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC551139 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551139 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC551141 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551141 GO:0004564_13174_1 beta-fructofuranosidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a fructofuranosylated fructofuranosyl acceptor + H2O = a non fructofuranosylated fructofuranosyl acceptor + a beta-D-fructofuranoside." [EC:3.2.1.26, MetaCyc:RXN-9985] IEA molecular_function LOC551141 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551141 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551142 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC551142 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function LOC551142 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551142 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC551144 GO:0005351_13174_8 sugar:hydrogen symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sugar(out) + H+(out) = sugar(in) + H+(in)." [TC:2.A.1.1.-] IEA molecular_function LOC551144 GO:0009401_6281_6 phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system "The uptake and phosphorylation of specific carbohydrates from the extracellular environment; uptake and phosphorylation are coupled, making the PTS a link between the uptake and metabolism of sugars; phosphoenolpyruvate is the original phosphate donor; phosphoenolpyruvate passes the phosphate via a signal transduction pathway, to enzyme 1 (E1), which in turn passes it on to the histidine protein, HPr; the next step in the system involves sugar-specific membrane-bound complex, enzyme 2 (EII), which transports the sugar into the cell; it includes the sugar permease, which catalyzes the transport reactions; EII is usually divided into three different domains, EIIA, EIIB, and EIIC." [http://www.ucs.mun.ca/~n55lrb/general_pts.html] IEA biological_process LOC551147 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process LOC551147 GO:0017150_13174_4 tRNA dihydrouridine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA-uracil + acceptor = tRNA-dihydrouridine + reduced acceptor." [PMID:11983710] IEA molecular_function LOC551147 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551147 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551151 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551154 GO:0004347_13174_1 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucose 6-phosphate = D-fructose 6-phosphate." [EC:5.3.1.9] IEA molecular_function LOC551154 GO:0006094_6281_3 gluconeogenesis "The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors, such as pyruvate, amino acids and glycerol." [MetaCyc:GLUCONEO-PWY] IEA biological_process LOC551154 GO:0006096_6281_14 glycolysis "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0716720094, Wikipedia:Glycolysis] IEA biological_process LOC551160 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551160 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551167 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551167 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551167 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551167 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551167 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551167 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC551167 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551167 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551169 GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551169 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551169 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551169 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551169 GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC551169 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551171 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551176 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551177 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551180 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC551180 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551182 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551182 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551182 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551182 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551182 GO:0016831_13174_13 carboxy-lyase activity "Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound." [http://www.mercksource.com/] IEA molecular_function LOC551182 GO:0035004_13174_4 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a phosphatidylinositol = ADP + a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. This reaction is the addition of a phosphate group to phosphatidylinositol or one of its phosphorylated derivatives at the 3' position of the inositol ring." [GOC:bf, PMID:10209156, PMID:9255069] IEA molecular_function LOC551185 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551185 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551187 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551188 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC551188 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC551188 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551188 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551188 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551188 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551189 GO:0008299_6281_12 isoprenoid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551193 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551193 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551193 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551194 GO:0003840_13174_3 gamma-glutamyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (5-L-glutamyl)-peptide + an amino acid = peptide + 5-L-glutamyl-amino acid." [EC:2.3.2.2] IEA molecular_function LOC551204 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC551204 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551204 GO:0004519_13174_5 endonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by creating internal breaks." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551204 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC551204 GO:0006284_6281_3 base-excision repair "In base excision repair, an altered base is removed by a DNA glycosylase enzyme, followed by excision of the resulting sugar phosphate. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC551204 GO:0051539_13174_10 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 4 iron, 4 sulfur (4Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of four iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC551205 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551205 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551207 GO:0004721_13174_4 phosphoprotein phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphoprotein + H2O = a protein + phosphate. Together with protein kinases, these enzymes control the state of phosphorylation of cell proteins and thereby provide an important mechanism for regulating cellular activity." [EC:3.1.3.16, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551207 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551207 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551207 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551208 GO:0004616_13174_4 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 6-phospho-D-gluconate + NADP+ = D-ribulose 5-phosphate + CO2 + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.44] IEA molecular_function LOC551208 GO:0006098_6281_6 pentose-phosphate shunt "The process in which glucose is oxidized, coupled to NADPH synthesis. Glucose 6-P is oxidized with the formation of carbon dioxide (CO2), ribulose 5-phosphate and reduced NADP; ribulose 5-P then enters a series of reactions interconverting sugar phosphates. The pentose phosphate pathway is a major source of reducing equivalents for biosynthesis reactions and is also important for the conversion of hexoses to pentoses." [ISBN:0198506732, MetaCyc:PENTOSE-P-PWY] IEA biological_process LOC551208 GO:0008442_13174_1 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate + NAD+ = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + NADH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.31] IEA molecular_function LOC551208 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551208 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551211 GO:0003746_13174_11 translation elongation factor activity "Functions in chain elongation during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551211 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551211 GO:0005853_3650_3 eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 complex "A multisubunit nucleotide exchange complex that binds GTP and aminoacyl-tRNAs, and catalyzes their codon-dependent placement at the A-site of the ribosome. In humans, the complex is composed of four subunits, alpha, beta, delta and gamma." [GOC:jl, PMID:10216950] IEA cellular_component LOC551211 GO:0006414_6281_12 translational elongation "The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis." [GOC:ems] IEA biological_process LOC551213 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551217 GO:0005375_13174_3 copper ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of copper (Cu) ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551217 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551217 GO:0035434_6281_3 copper ion transmembrane transport "The directed movement of copper (Cu) ions across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC551220 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551220 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551224 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC551224 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551226 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551229 GO:0000151_3650_13 ubiquitin ligase complex "A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex." [PMID:9529603] IEA cellular_component LOC551229 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function LOC551229 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551229 GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551232 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC551232 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function LOC551232 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551232 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC551232 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551232 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process LOC551232 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551240 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC551240 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function LOC551240 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551240 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC551242 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551243 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551243 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551243 GO:0004813_13174_2 alanine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-alanine + tRNA(Ala) = AMP + diphosphate + L-alanyl-tRNA(Ala)." [EC:6.1.1.7] IEA molecular_function LOC551243 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551243 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551243 GO:0006419_6281_2 alanyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling alanine to alanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by alanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC551243 GO:0016876_13174_6 ligase activity, forming aminoacyl-tRNA and related compounds "Catalysis of the joining of an amino acid and a nucleic acid (usually tRNA) or poly(ribitol phosphate), with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. The reaction forms an aminoacyl-tRNA or a related compound." [EC:6.1.1, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551243 GO:0043039_6281_8 tRNA aminoacylation "The chemical reactions and pathways by which the various amino acids become bonded to their corresponding tRNAs. The most common route for synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA is by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, usually catalyzed by the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA ligase. A given aminoacyl-tRNA ligase aminoacylates all species of an isoaccepting group of tRNA molecules." [GOC:ma, GOC:mah, MetaCyc:Aminoacyl-tRNAs] IEA biological_process LOC551248 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551249 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551254 GO:0016538_13174_2 cyclin-dependent protein kinase regulator activity "Modulates the activity of a cyclin-dependent protein kinase, enzymes of the protein kinase family that are regulated through association with cyclins and other proteins." [GOC:rn, PMID:7877684, PMID:9442875] IEA molecular_function LOC551254 GO:0051302_6281_1 regulation of cell division "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the physical partitioning and separation of a cell into daughter cells." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551254 GO:0051726_6281_9 regulation of cell cycle "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC551256 GO:0000079_6281_9 regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CDK activity." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551256 GO:0019901_13174_10 protein kinase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551258 GO:0000159_3650_3 protein phosphatase type 2A complex "A protein complex that has protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity that is polycation-stimulated (PCS), being directly stimulated by protamine, polylysine, or histone H1; it constitutes a subclass of several enzymes activated by different histones and polylysine, and consists of catalytic, scaffolding, and regulatory subunits. The catalytic and scaffolding subunits form the core enzyme, and the holoenzyme also includes the regulatory subunit." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:17245430] IEA cellular_component LOC551258 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551258 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC551258 GO:0008601_13174_3 protein phosphatase type 2A regulator activity "Modulation of the activity of the enzyme protein phosphatase type 2A." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551263 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551263 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551265 GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551265 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551269 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551269 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551273 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551273 GO:0008236_13174_15 serine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC551275 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551275 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC551275 GO:0044267_6281_10 cellular protein metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC551275 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551279 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551279 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551281 GO:0004484_13174_2 mRNA guanylyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + (5')pp-Pur-mRNA = diphosphate + G(5')ppp-Pur-mRNA; G(5')ppp-Pur-mRNA is mRNA containing a guanosine residue linked 5' through three phosphates to the 5' position of the terminal residue." [EC:2.7.7.50] IEA molecular_function LOC551281 GO:0006370_6281_3 7-methylguanosine mRNA capping "Addition of the 7-methylguanosine cap to the 5' end of a nascent messenger RNA transcript." [GOC:mah, PMID:9266685] IEA biological_process LOC551281 GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551282 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551290 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC551290 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551290 GO:0008234_13174_15 cysteine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC551291 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551291 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551297 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551297 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551297 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC551297 GO:0038032_6281_14 termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The signaling process in which G-protein coupled receptor signaling is brought to an end. For example, through the action of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that act to accelerate hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on G-alpha proteins, thereby terminating the transduced signal." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC551300 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551300 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC551300 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551300 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component LOC551300 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC551303 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551306 GO:0016874_13174_7 ligase activity "Catalysis of the joining of two substances, or two groups within a single molecule, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [EC:6, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551312 GO:0006541_6281_2 glutamine metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551312 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551313 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551319 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC551319 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551319 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551324 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551327 GO:0004180_13174_5 carboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the terminal or penultimate peptide bond at the C-terminal end of a peptide or polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551327 GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551327 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551327 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551331 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551331 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551339 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551340 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC551340 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551340 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC551340 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551342 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551344 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551344 GO:0004568_13174_11 chitinase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins." [EC:3.2.1.14, GOC:bf, GOC:kah, GOC:pde, PMID:11468293] IEA molecular_function LOC551344 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551344 GO:0006032_6281_11 chitin catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551345 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551350 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551353 GO:0005783_3650_14 endoplasmic reticulum "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551354 GO:0000145_3650_2 exocyst "A protein complex peripherally associated with the plasma membrane that determines where vesicles dock and fuse. At least eight complex components are conserved between yeast and mammals." [PMID:9700152] IEA cellular_component LOC551354 GO:0006904_6281_12 vesicle docking involved in exocytosis "The initial attachment of a vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane, that contributes to exocytosis." [GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551354 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551358 GO:0016765_13174_2 transferase activity, transferring alkyl or aryl (other than methyl) groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an alkyl or aryl (but not methyl) group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551361 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC551361 GO:0007010_6281_12 cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551363 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551363 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551363 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551365 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC551365 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC551365 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC551365 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551365 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC551365 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551366 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC551366 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551366 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component LOC551369 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551374 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551374 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551375 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function LOC551375 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC551375 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551375 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551376 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551376 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551376 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551376 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551376 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC551376 GO:0016070_6281_11 RNA metabolic process "The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551378 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551379 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551380 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551380 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551380 GO:0008173_13174_2 RNA methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from a donor to a nucleoside residue in an RNA molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551385 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551386 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551386 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551386 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551386 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551386 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC551386 GO:0030163_6281_11 protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551387 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551389 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551395 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551395 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551395 GO:0008610_6281_2 lipid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551395 GO:0016747_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551396 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551396 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551396 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551396 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551396 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551399 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC551399 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC551399 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC551399 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551399 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551399 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC551399 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551405 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551405 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551407 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC551407 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551407 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551412 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551413 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551414 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551414 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551421 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551422 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551423 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551423 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551428 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC551428 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551428 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551428 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551428 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC551428 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551430 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551430 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC551432 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC551432 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551434 GO:0008430_13174_3 selenium binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with selenium (Se)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551436 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551436 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC551436 GO:0044267_6281_10 cellular protein metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC551436 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551438 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551441 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551442 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551442 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551442 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC551446 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551446 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551447 GO:0004476_13174_1 mannose-6-phosphate isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-mannose 6-phosphate = D-fructose 6-phosphate." [EC:5.3.1.8] IEA molecular_function LOC551447 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551447 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551448 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551448 GO:0004749_13174_2 ribose phosphate diphosphokinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribose 5-phosphate + ATP = 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + AMP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.6.1, RHEA:15612] IEA molecular_function LOC551448 GO:0009116_6281_6 nucleoside metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (a ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleoside), e.g. adenosine, guanosine, inosine, cytidine, uridine and deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, deoxycytidine and thymidine (= deoxythymidine)." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC551448 GO:0009156_6281_1 ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551448 GO:0009165_6281_3 nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nucleotides, any nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety; may be mono-, di- or triphosphate; this definition includes cyclic-nucleotides (nucleoside cyclic phosphates)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551448 GO:0044249_6281_2 cellular biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances, carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC551449 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function LOC551449 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC551449 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551449 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551450 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551453 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551453 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551453 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function LOC551453 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC551454 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551454 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551454 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551454 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551454 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551458 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551459 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551461 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551461 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551461 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC551462 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551465 GO:0004411_13174_2 homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: homogentisate + O(2) = 4-maleylacetoacetate + H(+)." [EC:1.13.11.5, RHEA:15452] IEA molecular_function LOC551465 GO:0006559_6281_3 L-phenylalanine catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylalanine, 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551465 GO:0006570_6281_2 tyrosine metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551465 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551466 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC551466 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551466 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551469 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551474 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551475 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551475 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551476 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551476 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551476 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551476 GO:0004816_13174_2 asparagine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-asparagine + ATP + tRNA(Asn) = AMP + Asn-tRNA(Asn) + diphosphate + 2 H(+)." [EC:6.1.1.22, RHEA:11183] IEA molecular_function LOC551476 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551476 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551476 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC551476 GO:0006421_6281_2 asparaginyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling asparagine to asparaginyl-tRNA, catalyzed by asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC551479 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551479 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551479 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551479 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551480 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551486 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551486 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551486 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551487 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551489 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551489 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551493 GO:0000398_6281_4 mRNA splicing, via spliceosome "The joining together of exons from one or more primary transcripts of messenger RNA (mRNA) and the excision of intron sequences, via a spliceosomal mechanism, so that mRNA consisting only of the joined exons is produced." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0879695897] IEA biological_process LOC551493 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551493 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551493 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551493 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551500 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551500 GO:0005942_3650_3 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex "A complex containing a heterodimer of a catalytic subunit and a regulatory (adaptor) subunit of any phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)." [GOC:bf] IEA cellular_component LOC551500 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC551500 GO:0016303_13174_3 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol + ATP = a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.137, RHEA:12712] IEA molecular_function LOC551500 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551500 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551500 GO:0035004_13174_4 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a phosphatidylinositol = ADP + a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. This reaction is the addition of a phosphate group to phosphatidylinositol or one of its phosphorylated derivatives at the 3' position of the inositol ring." [GOC:bf, PMID:10209156, PMID:9255069] IEA molecular_function LOC551500 GO:0046854_6281_14 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a phosphatidylinositol, any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551500 GO:0046934_13174_1 phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + ATP = a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.153, RHEA:21295] IEA molecular_function LOC551500 GO:0048015_6281_3 phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling "A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses a phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling to convert a signal into a response. Phosphatidylinositols include phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551504 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551505 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551507 GO:0003884_13174_2 D-amino-acid oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a D-amino acid + H2O + O2 = a 2-oxo acid + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide." [EC:1.4.3.3] IEA molecular_function LOC551507 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551507 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551508 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC551508 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551510 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551513 GO:0005083_13174_8 small GTPase regulator activity "Modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a small monomeric GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551513 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551513 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC551518 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC551518 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551519 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551519 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551519 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC551524 GO:0004180_13174_5 carboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the terminal or penultimate peptide bond at the C-terminal end of a peptide or polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551524 GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551524 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551524 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551527 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC551529 GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC551530 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551530 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551530 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551530 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551530 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551530 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC551531 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551531 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551531 GO:0006364_6281_13 rRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC551532 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551532 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551532 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551532 GO:0015934_3650_6 large ribosomal subunit "The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551533 GO:0004733_13174_2 pyridoxamine-phosphate oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + H2O + O2 = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide." [EC:1.4.3.5] IEA molecular_function LOC551533 GO:0010181_13174_8 FMN binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FMN, flavin mononucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes." [GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC551533 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551536 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551537 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551537 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551541 GO:0004129_13174_11 cytochrome-c oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O." [EC:1.9.3.1] IEA molecular_function LOC551541 GO:0005746_3650_1 mitochondrial respiratory chain "The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient." [GOC:curators, GOC:ecd, ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551541 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551545 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551545 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551547 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551548 GO:0004067_13174_1 asparaginase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-asparagine + H2O = L-aspartate + NH3." [EC:3.5.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC551548 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551548 GO:0006520_6281_15 cellular amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33709, GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551553 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC551553 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551553 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551553 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551553 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC551553 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551558 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551562 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551562 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC551562 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC551562 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551562 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551562 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC551562 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551562 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC551562 GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551566 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551566 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551566 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551566 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551566 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551570 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551571 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC551571 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551575 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551578 GO:0000030_13174_1 mannosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a mannosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551578 GO:0006493_6281_1 protein O-linked glycosylation "A protein glycosylation process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via the hydroxyl group of peptidyl-serine, peptidyl-threonine, peptidyl-hydroxylysine, or peptidyl-hydroxyproline, or via the phenol group of peptidyl-tyrosine, forming an O-glycan." [GOC:pr, ISBN:0879695595, RESID:AA0153, RESID:AA0154, RESID:AA0155, RESID:AA0157, RESID:AA0212] IEA biological_process LOC551578 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551579 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component LOC551580 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551580 GO:0034227_6281_2 tRNA thio-modification "The addition a sulfur atom to a nucleotide in a tRNA molecule." [GOC:mcc, PMID:12549933, PMID:14722066] IEA biological_process LOC551581 GO:0004335_13174_2 galactokinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactose + ATP = alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.6, RHEA:13556] IEA molecular_function LOC551581 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551581 GO:0006012_6281_5 galactose metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose. D-galactose is widely distributed in combined form in plants, animals and microorganisms as a constituent of oligo- and polysaccharides; it also occurs in galactolipids and as its glucoside in lactose and melibiose." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551581 GO:0016301_13174_14 kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551581 GO:0016310_6281_6 phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551581 GO:0046835_6281_2 carbohydrate phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group into a carbohydrate, any organic compound based on the general formula Cx(H2O)y." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551583 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551586 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC551587 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551588 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551588 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551591 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551591 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551595 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551597 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551599 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC551599 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551605 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551606 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551606 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551613 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551613 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551613 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551616 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551616 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC551616 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551616 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551616 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551616 GO:0016568_6281_2 chromatin modification "The alteration of DNA, protein, or sometimes RNA, in chromatin, which may result in changing the chromatin structure." [GOC:mah, PMID:20404130] IEA biological_process LOC551616 GO:0016818_13174_12 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551618 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC551620 GO:0000398_6281_4 mRNA splicing, via spliceosome "The joining together of exons from one or more primary transcripts of messenger RNA (mRNA) and the excision of intron sequences, via a spliceosomal mechanism, so that mRNA consisting only of the joined exons is produced." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0879695897] IEA biological_process LOC551620 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551620 GO:0005681_3650_5 spliceosomal complex "Any of a series of ribonucleoprotein complexes that contain RNA and small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and are formed sequentially during the splicing of a messenger RNA primary transcript to excise an intron." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:19239890] IEA cellular_component LOC551621 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551621 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC551621 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551622 GO:0043234_3650_15 protein complex "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551622 GO:0051258_6281_15 protein polymerization "The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551623 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551624 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC551624 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551624 GO:0006777_6281_6 Mo-molybdopterin cofactor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the Mo-molybdopterin cofactor, essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo) ion coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands." [http://www.sunysb.edu/biochem/BIOCHEM/facultypages/schindelin/, ISSN:09498257] IEA biological_process LOC551630 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551633 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551633 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551633 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551633 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551634 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551634 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551634 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551634 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551636 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551637 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551637 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551637 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551637 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551637 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551637 GO:0016817_13174_10 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551637 GO:0016818_13174_12 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551637 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC551638 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551638 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551638 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC551640 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551640 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551641 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551641 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC551641 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551641 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551641 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551641 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC551642 GO:0006506_6281_12 GPI anchor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551642 GO:0016757_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551642 GO:0031227_3650_9 intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane "Located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC551645 GO:0005096_13174_14 GTPase activator activity "Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551645 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551645 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551650 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551653 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551653 GO:0008324_13174_13 cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of cation from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:dgf, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC551654 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551659 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551659 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC551659 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC551659 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC551659 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551659 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551659 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC551659 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551660 GO:0003954_13174_2 NADH dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor." [EC:1.6.99.3] IEA molecular_function LOC551660 GO:0005739_3650_12 mitochondrion "A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551660 GO:0008137_13174_11 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol." [EC:1.6.5.3] IEA molecular_function LOC551661 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551665 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551665 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551670 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551670 GO:0004056_13174_1 argininosuccinate lyase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: N-(L-arginino)succinate = fumarate + L-arginine." [EC:4.3.2.1] IEA molecular_function LOC551670 GO:0042450_6281_1 arginine biosynthetic process via ornithine "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of arginine (2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid) via the intermediate compound ornithine." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC551671 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551671 GO:0004527_13174_12 exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551671 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551674 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551674 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551674 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC551683 GO:0004872_13174_13 receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551683 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC551683 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551683 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551685 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC551685 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC551685 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC551685 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551685 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC551685 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551686 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551687 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551687 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551687 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551690 GO:0006821_6281_7 chloride transport "The directed movement of chloride into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process LOC551690 GO:0006884_6281_1 cell volume homeostasis "Any process involved in maintaining the steady state of a cell's volume. The cell's volume refers to the three-dimensional space occupied by a cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC551692 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551694 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551696 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC551697 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551697 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC551697 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551698 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551700 GO:0001522_6281_10 pseudouridine synthesis "The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine within an RNA molecule. This posttranscriptional base modification occurs in tRNA, rRNA, and snRNAs." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551700 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551700 GO:0009451_6281_12 RNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an RNA molecule to produce an RNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:1555811337] IEA biological_process LOC551700 GO:0009982_13174_10 pseudouridine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RNA uridine = RNA pseudouridine. Conversion of uridine in an RNA molecule to pseudouridine by rotation of the C1'-N-1 glycosidic bond of uridine in RNA to a C1'-C5." [EC:5.4.99.12, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551704 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551704 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC551704 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551710 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551710 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551712 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551712 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551714 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC551714 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC551714 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC551714 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551714 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC551714 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551715 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551715 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551715 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551716 GO:0004143_13174_8 diacylglycerol kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + 1,2-diacylglycerol = NDP + 1,2-diacylglycerol-3-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.107, GOC:elh] IEA molecular_function LOC551716 GO:0007205_6281_8 protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of protein kinase C (PKC). PKC is activated by second messengers including diacylglycerol (DAG)." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC551718 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551720 GO:0001671_13174_1 ATPase activator activity "Functions to increase the rate of ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:ajp] IEA molecular_function LOC551720 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551720 GO:0006950_6281_6 response to stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551720 GO:0051087_13174_4 chaperone binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a chaperone protein, a class of proteins that bind to nascent or unfolded polypeptides and ensure correct folding or transport." [http://www.onelook.com] IEA molecular_function LOC551721 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551721 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC551721 GO:0015992_6281_5 proton transport "The directed movement of protons (hydrogen ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC551721 GO:0016469_3650_4 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex "A large protein complex that catalyzes the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by a rotational mechanism, coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0, V0, or A0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1, V1, or A1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis or hydrolysis. Two major types have been characterized: V-type ATPases couple ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across a concentration gradient, whereas F-type ATPases, also known as ATP synthases, normally run in the reverse direction to utilize energy from a proton concentration or electrochemical gradient to synthesize ATP. A third type, A-type ATPases have been found in archaea, and are closely related to eukaryotic V-type ATPases but are reversible." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16691483] IEA cellular_component LOC551721 GO:0016820_13174_11 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, catalyzing transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acid anhydride to directly drive the transport of a substance across a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551721 GO:0033178_3650_8 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, catalytic domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis or synthesis. The catalytic domain (F1, V1, or A1) comprises a hexameric catalytic core and a central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the membrane when the two-sector ATPase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component LOC551721 GO:0033180_3650_4 proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V1 domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis. The V1 complex consists of: (1) a globular headpiece with three alternating copies of subunits A and B that form a ring, (2) a central rotational stalk composed of single copies of subunits D and F, and (3) a peripheral stalk made of subunits C, E, G and H. Subunits A and B mediate the hydrolysis of ATP at three reaction sites associated with subunit A." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16449553] IEA cellular_component LOC551721 GO:0046034_6281_10 ATP metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551721 GO:0046933_13174_9 hydrogen ion transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + phosphate = ATP + H2O, coupled with transport of H+ down a concentration gradient, by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14, TC:3.A.2.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC551721 GO:0046961_13174_10 proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14] IEA molecular_function LOC551723 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function LOC551723 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC551724 GO:0004014_13174_1 adenosylmethionine decarboxylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + H(+) = S-adenosylmethioninamine + CO(2)." [EC:4.1.1.50, RHEA:15984] IEA molecular_function LOC551724 GO:0006597_6281_1 spermine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of spermine, a polybasic amine found in human sperm, in ribosomes and in some viruses and involved in nucleic acid packaging." [CHEBI:15746, GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC551724 GO:0008295_6281_1 spermidine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of spermidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551726 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551726 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551726 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551726 GO:0032957_6281_1 inositol trisphosphate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving myo-inositol phosphate, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, with three phosphate groups attached." [CHEBI:24540, CHEBI:24848, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551726 GO:0047325_13174_1 inositol tetrakisphosphate 1-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + ADP." [EC:2.7.1.134, MetaCyc:2.7.1.134-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC551726 GO:0052725_13174_1 inositol-1,3,4-trisphosphate 6-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.134] IEA molecular_function LOC551726 GO:0052726_13174_1 inositol-1,3,4-trisphosphate 5-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.134] IEA molecular_function LOC551728 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551728 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551732 GO:0008318_13174_2 protein prenyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the covalent addition of an isoprenoid group such as a farnesyl or geranylgeranyl group via thioether linkages to a cysteine residue in a protein." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551732 GO:0018342_6281_2 protein prenylation "The covalent attachment of a prenyl group to a protein; geranyl, farnesyl, or geranylgeranyl groups may be added." [GOC:di, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551743 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551749 GO:0016757_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551750 GO:0015238_13174_1 drug transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of a drug from one side of a membrane to the other. A drug is any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551750 GO:0015893_6281_1 drug transport "The directed movement of a drug, a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551750 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551750 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551753 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551754 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551757 GO:0006122_6281_5 mitochondrial electron transport, ubiquinol to cytochrome c "The transfer of electrons from ubiquinol to cytochrome c that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex III." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC551757 GO:0008121_13174_9 ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: CoQH2 + 2 ferricytochrome c = CoQ + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H+." [EC:1.10.2.2, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551758 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551758 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551758 GO:0008484_13174_9 sulfuric ester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RSO-R' + H2O = RSOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any sulfuric ester bond, any ester formed from sulfuric acid, O=SO(OH)2." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551760 GO:0006807_6281_12 nitrogen compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium." [CHEBI:51143, GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551760 GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551762 GO:0004013_13174_2 adenosylhomocysteinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H2O = adenosine + L-homocysteine." [EC:3.3.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC551762 GO:0006730_6281_4 one-carbon metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the transfer of one-carbon units in various oxidation states." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah, GOC:pde] IEA biological_process LOC551768 GO:0005783_3650_14 endoplasmic reticulum "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551768 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551768 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551773 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC551773 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC551773 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551773 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC551773 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551775 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551775 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551775 GO:0016747_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551776 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551781 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551781 GO:0042254_6281_10 ribosome biogenesis "A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC551785 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551785 GO:0006098_6281_6 pentose-phosphate shunt "The process in which glucose is oxidized, coupled to NADPH synthesis. Glucose 6-P is oxidized with the formation of carbon dioxide (CO2), ribulose 5-phosphate and reduced NADP; ribulose 5-P then enters a series of reactions interconverting sugar phosphates. The pentose phosphate pathway is a major source of reducing equivalents for biosynthesis reactions and is also important for the conversion of hexoses to pentoses." [ISBN:0198506732, MetaCyc:PENTOSE-P-PWY] IEA biological_process LOC551785 GO:0017057_13174_1 6-phosphogluconolactonase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 6-O-phosphono-D-glucono-1,5-lactone + H(2)O = 6-phospho-D-gluconate + H(+)." [EC:3.1.1.31, RHEA:12559] IEA molecular_function LOC551788 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551788 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551788 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551788 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551788 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC551790 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551790 GO:0008060_13174_9 ARF GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551790 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551790 GO:0032312_6281_9 regulation of ARF GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551792 GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551792 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551792 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551795 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551796 GO:0003333_6281_8 amino acid transmembrane transport "The directed movement of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC551796 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551796 GO:0015171_13174_8 amino acid transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Amino acids are organic molecules that contain an amino group and a carboxyl group." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC551796 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551796 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551800 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551803 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC551803 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551803 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551803 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551804 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC551804 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC551804 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551805 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC551805 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551806 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC551806 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551806 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551808 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551808 GO:0008324_13174_13 cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of cation from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:dgf, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC551808 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551808 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551812 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551812 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process LOC551812 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551812 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551812 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551812 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551818 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551822 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551822 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551822 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551822 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551823 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551823 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551823 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551823 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551824 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551826 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551827 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551830 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551830 GO:0016714_13174_4 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced pteridine and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551830 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551832 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551832 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551832 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551835 GO:0003883_13174_1 CTP synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + UTP + NH3 = ADP + phosphate + CTP." [EC:6.3.4.2] IEA molecular_function LOC551835 GO:0006221_6281_2 pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pyrimidine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a pyrimidine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551838 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551838 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC551839 GO:0010309_13174_1 acireductone dioxygenase [iron(II)-requiring] activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O(2) = 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate + formate + H(+)." [EC:1.13.11.54, RHEA:24507] IEA molecular_function LOC551839 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551841 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551841 GO:0005789_3650_10 endoplasmic reticulum membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC551841 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551841 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551841 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551842 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551842 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551843 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551844 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551845 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC551845 GO:0005249_13174_12 voltage-gated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC551845 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551845 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551845 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551845 GO:0008076_3650_11 voltage-gated potassium channel complex "A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC551845 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551845 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551848 GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function LOC551848 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function LOC551848 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551848 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551848 GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component LOC551848 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC551848 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551848 GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC551848 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC551848 GO:0007218_6281_7 neuropeptide signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a peptide neurotransmitter binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC551848 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551848 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551855 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551855 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551857 GO:0004757_13174_1 sepiapterin reductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydrobiopterin + NADP+ = sepiapterin + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.153] IEA molecular_function LOC551857 GO:0006729_6281_3 tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetrahydrobiopterin, the reduced form of biopterin (2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-pteridine). It functions as a hydroxylation coenzyme, e.g. in the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine." [CHEBI:15372, GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551857 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551859 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551859 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551860 GO:0003950_13174_3 NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + (ADP-D-ribosyl)(n)-acceptor = nicotinamide + (ADP-D-ribosyl)(n+1)-acceptor." [EC:2.4.2.30] IEA molecular_function LOC551863 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551863 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551871 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process LOC551871 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551871 GO:0015105_13174_2 arsenite transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of arsenite from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551871 GO:0015137_13174_2 citrate transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate, from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551871 GO:0015746_6281_2 citrate transport "The directed movement of citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process LOC551871 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551871 GO:0016117_6281_1 carotenoid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carotenoids, tetraterpenoid compounds in which two units of 4 isoprenoid residues joined head-to-tail are themselves joined tail-to-tail." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551871 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551871 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551871 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551871 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551871 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551872 GO:0004418_13174_1 hydroxymethylbilane synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + 4 porphobilinogen = hydroxymethylbilane + 4 NH(4)(+)." [EC:2.5.1.61, RHEA:13188] IEA molecular_function LOC551872 GO:0018160_6281_1 peptidyl-pyrromethane cofactor linkage "The covalent binding of a pyrromethane (dipyrrin) cofactor to protein via the sulfur atom of cysteine forming dipyrrolylmethanemethyl-L-cysteine." [CHEBI:30410, RESID:AA0252] IEA biological_process LOC551872 GO:0033014_6281_4 tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of tetrapyrroles, natural pigments containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next." [CHEBI:26932, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551873 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551873 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551874 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551875 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551877 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC551877 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551879 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC551879 GO:0016298_13174_5 lipase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a lipid or phospholipid." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551879 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551880 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551880 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551883 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC551883 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551883 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551883 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551884 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551886 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551886 GO:0004488_13174_3 methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NADP(+) = 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + NADPH." [EC:1.5.1.5, RHEA:22815] IEA molecular_function LOC551886 GO:0009396_6281_8 folic acid-containing compound biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of folic acid and its derivatives." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551886 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551887 GO:0005615_3650_7 extracellular space "That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551887 GO:0009168_6281_5 purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551887 GO:0019239_13174_5 deaminase activity "Catalysis of the removal of an amino group from a substrate, producing ammonia (NH3)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551893 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC551893 GO:0016272_3650_9 prefoldin complex "A multisubunit chaperone that acts to delivers unfolded proteins to cytosolic chaperonin. In humans, the complex is a heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha and four PFD-beta type subunits." [GOC:jl, PMID:17384227, PMID:9630229] IEA cellular_component LOC551893 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551897 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551899 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551899 GO:0004012_13174_5 phospholipid-translocating ATPase activity "Catalysis of the movement of phospholipids from one membrane bilayer leaflet to the other (phospolipid 'flippase' activity), driven by the hydrolysis of ATP." [EC:3.6.3.1, PMID:15919184, PMID:9099684] IEA molecular_function LOC551899 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551899 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551899 GO:0015662_13174_15 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate." [PMID:10322420, PMID:10600683] IEA molecular_function LOC551899 GO:0015914_6281_5 phospholipid transport "The directed movement of phospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Phospholipids are any lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551899 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551899 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551904 GO:0004368_13174_1 glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + a quinone = glycerone phosphate + a quinol." [EC:1.1.5.3] IEA molecular_function LOC551904 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551904 GO:0006072_6281_5 glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551904 GO:0009331_3650_2 glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase complex "An enzyme complex that catalyzes the dehydrogenation of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate to form glycerone phosphate." [EC:1.1.5.3] IEA cellular_component LOC551904 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551904 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551907 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551911 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551911 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551914 GO:0004190_13174_12 aspartic-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551914 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551915 GO:0004462_13174_1 lactoylglutathione lyase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-S-lactoylglutathione = glutathione + methylglyoxal." [EC:4.4.1.5, RHEA:19072] IEA molecular_function LOC551915 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551917 GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551917 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551917 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551917 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551917 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551919 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551927 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551927 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551928 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC551928 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551928 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551928 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551928 GO:0031424_6281_13 keratinization "The process in which the cytoplasm of the outermost cells of the vertebrate epidermis is replaced by keratin. Keratinization occurs in the stratum corneum, feathers, hair, claws, nails, hooves, and horns." [GOC:dph, GOC:ebc, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC551930 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551930 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551930 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC551930 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551930 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC551930 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551930 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551930 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551931 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551931 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551931 GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551932 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551934 GO:0004862_13174_1 cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a cAMP-dependent protein kinase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551934 GO:0006469_6281_1 negative regulation of protein kinase activity "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551936 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC551936 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551936 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551936 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551936 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC551936 GO:0022891_13174_9 substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a specific substance or group of related substances from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC551936 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551937 GO:0008483_13174_8 transaminase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551937 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551938 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551940 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551947 GO:0004649_13174_3 poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of poly(ADP-ribose) at glycosidic (1''-2') linkage of ribose-ribose bond to produce free ADP-ribose." [EC:3.2.1.143] IEA molecular_function LOC551947 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551947 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551947 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551947 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC551947 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551947 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551950 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551952 GO:0006044_6281_2 N-acetylglucosamine metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-acetylglucosamine. The D isomer is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551952 GO:0008448_13174_1 N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H2O = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + acetate." [EC:3.5.1.25] IEA molecular_function LOC551952 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551954 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551955 GO:0004367_13174_1 glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD+] activity "Catalysis of the reaction: sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + NAD+ = glycerone phosphate + NADH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.8] IEA molecular_function LOC551955 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551955 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551955 GO:0006072_6281_5 glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551955 GO:0009331_3650_2 glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase complex "An enzyme complex that catalyzes the dehydrogenation of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate to form glycerone phosphate." [EC:1.1.5.3] IEA cellular_component LOC551955 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551955 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551955 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551955 GO:0046168_6281_4 glycerol-3-phosphate catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551955 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551955 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551957 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC551957 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC551957 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551957 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551957 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC551957 GO:0022891_13174_9 substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a specific substance or group of related substances from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC551957 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551958 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551958 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551960 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551962 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551967 GO:0004835_13174_12 tubulin-tyrosine ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + detyrosinated alpha-tubulin + L-tyrosine = alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.25] IEA molecular_function LOC551967 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC551968 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC551968 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC551972 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551973 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551974 GO:0005681_3650_5 spliceosomal complex "Any of a series of ribonucleoprotein complexes that contain RNA and small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and are formed sequentially during the splicing of a messenger RNA primary transcript to excise an intron." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:19239890] IEA cellular_component LOC551974 GO:0007067_6281_4 mitosis "A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides; the process involves condensation of chromosomal DNA into a highly compacted form. Canonically, mitosis produces two daughter nuclei whose chromosome complement is identical to that of the mother cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:ma, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551978 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC551979 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC551979 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC551980 GO:0001539_6281_1 ciliary or flagellar motility "Cell motility due to movement of cilia or flagella." [GOC:hjd] IEA biological_process LOC551980 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC551980 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC551980 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC551980 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC551980 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551980 GO:0009288_3650_1 bacterial-type flagellum "A motor complex composed of an extracellular helical protein filament coupled to a rotary motor embedded in the cell envelope." [GOC:jh2, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:7787060] IEA cellular_component LOC551984 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC551986 GO:0004139_13174_1 deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate = D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + acetaldehyde." [EC:4.1.2.4, RHEA:12824] IEA molecular_function LOC551986 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC551986 GO:0009264_6281_1 deoxyribonucleotide catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a deoxyribonucleotide, a compound consisting of deoxyribonucleoside (a base linked to a deoxyribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551986 GO:0016829_13174_6 lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring." [EC:4.-.-.-, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC551994 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC551994 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC551994 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC551994 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC551995 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component LOC551995 GO:0006909_6281_2 phagocytosis "An endocytosis process that results in the engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes. The particles are initially contained within phagocytic vacuoles (phagosomes), which then fuse with primary lysosomes to effect digestion of the particles." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC551996 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552000 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552000 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552002 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552005 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552007 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552007 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552007 GO:0004743_13174_2 pyruvate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pyruvate = ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate." [EC:2.7.1.40] IEA molecular_function LOC552007 GO:0006096_6281_14 glycolysis "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0716720094, Wikipedia:Glycolysis] IEA biological_process LOC552007 GO:0030955_13174_2 potassium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with potassium (K+) ions." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552012 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552012 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552012 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC552014 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552015 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552018 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552018 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552019 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC552019 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC552019 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552022 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552022 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552022 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552023 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552023 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552023 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC552024 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552024 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552024 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552025 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552025 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552025 GO:0004831_13174_2 tyrosine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine + ATP + tRNA(Tyr) = L-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) + AMP + diphosphate + 2 H(+)." [EC:6.1.1.1, RHEA:10223] IEA molecular_function LOC552025 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552025 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC552025 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC552025 GO:0006437_6281_2 tyrosyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling tyrosine to tyrosyl-tRNA, catalyzed by tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC552026 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552027 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552031 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552031 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552031 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552031 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552031 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552031 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552031 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC552031 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552031 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552031 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552031 GO:0016818_13174_12 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552037 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552039 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552040 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552042 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552042 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552042 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552042 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552042 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552042 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552042 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC552042 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC552042 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552042 GO:0008134_13174_12 transcription factor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552042 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552042 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552042 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC552043 GO:0000154_6281_3 rRNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an rRNA molecule to produce an rRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC552043 GO:0000179_13174_3 rRNA (adenine-N6,N6-)-dimethyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the dimethylation two adjacent A residues in the loop closing the 3'-terminal stem of the 18S rRNA, using S-adenosyl-L-methionine as a methyl donor." [ISBN:1555811337, PMID:10690410] IEA molecular_function LOC552043 GO:0006364_6281_13 rRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC552043 GO:0008649_13174_3 rRNA methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to a nucleoside residue in an rRNA molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552043 GO:0016433_13174_1 rRNA (adenine) methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing methyladenine." [EC:2.1.1.-] IEA molecular_function LOC552049 GO:0004190_13174_12 aspartic-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552049 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552049 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552051 GO:0004579_13174_3 dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycotransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: dolichyl diphosphooligosaccharide + protein L-asparagine = dolichyl diphosphate + a glycoprotein with the oligosaccharide chain attached by glycosylamine linkage to protein L-asparagine." [EC:2.4.1.119] IEA molecular_function LOC552051 GO:0005789_3650_10 endoplasmic reticulum membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC552051 GO:0018279_6281_2 protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine "The glycosylation of protein via the N4 atom of peptidyl-asparagine forming N4-glycosyl-L-asparagine; the most common form is N-acetylglucosaminyl asparagine; N-acetylgalactosaminyl asparagine and N4 glucosyl asparagine also occur. This modification typically occurs in extracellular peptides with an N-X-(ST) motif. Partial modification has been observed to occur with cysteine, rather than serine or threonine, in the third position; secondary structure features are important, and proline in the second or fourth positions inhibits modification." [GOC:jsg, RESID:AA0151, RESID:AA0420, RESID:AA0421] IEA biological_process LOC552054 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552054 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552061 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC552061 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC552061 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC552061 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552061 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC552061 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552063 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552064 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552064 GO:0005794_3650_2 Golgi apparatus "A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552064 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552064 GO:0006897_6281_3 endocytosis "A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC552064 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552064 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552064 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC552064 GO:0030117_3650_12 membrane coat "Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC552066 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552066 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552068 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552068 GO:0004722_13174_8 protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein serine phosphate + H2O = protein serine + phosphate, and protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC552068 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC552068 GO:0008287_3650_7 protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex "A complex, normally consisting of a catalytic and a regulatory subunit, which catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from a serine or threonine residue of a protein." [GOC:bf] IEA cellular_component LOC552070 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552073 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552073 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552073 GO:0008484_13174_9 sulfuric ester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RSO-R' + H2O = RSOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any sulfuric ester bond, any ester formed from sulfuric acid, O=SO(OH)2." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552074 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552074 GO:0004012_13174_5 phospholipid-translocating ATPase activity "Catalysis of the movement of phospholipids from one membrane bilayer leaflet to the other (phospolipid 'flippase' activity), driven by the hydrolysis of ATP." [EC:3.6.3.1, PMID:15919184, PMID:9099684] IEA molecular_function LOC552074 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552074 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552074 GO:0015662_13174_15 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate." [PMID:10322420, PMID:10600683] IEA molecular_function LOC552074 GO:0015914_6281_5 phospholipid transport "The directed movement of phospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Phospholipids are any lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552074 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552074 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552075 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552075 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552078 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC552078 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552084 GO:0004109_13174_1 coproporphyrinogen oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: coproporphyrinogen III + 2 H(+) + O(2) = 2 CO(2) + 2 H(2)O + protoporphyrinogen IX." [EC:1.3.3.3, RHEA:18260] IEA molecular_function LOC552084 GO:0006779_6281_3 porphyrin-containing compound biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any member of a large group of derivatives or analogs of porphyrin. Porphyrin consists of a ring of four pyrrole nuclei linked each to the next at their alpha positions through a methine group." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552084 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552085 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552085 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552086 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552086 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552086 GO:0016853_13174_10 isomerase activity "Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552086 GO:0030246_13174_13 carbohydrate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates." [CHEBI:16646, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552087 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC552087 GO:0017183_6281_3 peptidyl-diphthamide biosynthetic process from peptidyl-histidine "The modification of peptidyl-histidine to 2'-(3-carboxamido-3-(trimethylammonio)propyl)-L-histidine, known as diphthamide, found in translation elongation factor eEF-2." [RESID:AA0040] IEA biological_process LOC552088 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552089 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552089 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552091 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC552091 GO:0008374_13174_1 O-acyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552094 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552096 GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552096 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552096 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552101 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552108 GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function LOC552108 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function LOC552108 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552108 GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC552108 GO:0007218_6281_7 neuropeptide signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a peptide neurotransmitter binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC552108 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552110 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552110 GO:0016620_13174_11 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552110 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552110 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552110 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552112 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552114 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552114 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552114 GO:0006614_6281_14 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane "The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC552114 GO:0008312_13174_6 7S RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 7S RNA, the RNA component of the signal recognition particle (SRP)." [GOC:jl, PMID:6181418] IEA molecular_function LOC552114 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC552114 GO:0048500_3650_6 signal recognition particle "A complex of protein and RNA which facilitates translocation of proteins across membranes." [GOC:mlg] IEA cellular_component LOC552116 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC552116 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552116 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552117 GO:0005484_13174_6 SNAP receptor activity "Acting as a marker to identify a membrane and interacting selectively with one or more SNAREs on another membrane to mediate membrane fusion." [GOC:mah, PMID:14570579] IEA molecular_function LOC552117 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552117 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552117 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552117 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC552120 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC552120 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552120 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552120 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552121 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC552121 GO:0016813_13174_3 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amidines "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a linear amidine, a compound of the form R-C(=NH)-NH2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552125 GO:0006744_6281_5 ubiquinone biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ubiquinone, a lipid-soluble electron-transporting coenzyme." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552126 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552126 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552128 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552128 GO:0004449_13174_3 isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: isocitrate + NAD+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.41] IEA molecular_function LOC552128 GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552128 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552128 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552128 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552132 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552134 GO:0008531_13174_1 riboflavin kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + riboflavin = ADP + FMN + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.26, RHEA:14360] IEA molecular_function LOC552134 GO:0009231_6281_1 riboflavin biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of riboflavin (vitamin B2), the precursor for the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)." [GOC:jl, http://www.indstate.edu/thcme/mwking/vitamins.html] IEA biological_process LOC552138 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552138 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552138 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552138 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552138 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552138 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552138 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC552138 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552138 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552138 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552139 GO:0003841_13174_2 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate = CoA + 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate." [EC:2.3.1.51] IEA molecular_function LOC552139 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552139 GO:0008654_6281_10 phospholipid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552139 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552139 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552140 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552142 GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function LOC552142 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function LOC552142 GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC552142 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC552142 GO:0007218_6281_7 neuropeptide signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a peptide neurotransmitter binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC552142 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552142 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552143 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552143 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552144 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552144 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552145 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552145 GO:0016480_6281_1 negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase III promoter "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase III promoter." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552146 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552146 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552147 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552148 GO:0004798_13174_1 thymidylate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + thymidine 5'-phosphate = ADP + thymidine 5'-diphosphate." [EC:2.7.4.9] IEA molecular_function LOC552148 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552148 GO:0006233_6281_1 dTDP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP, deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate (2'-deoxyribosylthymine5'-diphosphate)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552149 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC552149 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552149 GO:0006833_6281_3 water transport "The directed movement of water (H2O) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552149 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552149 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552149 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552150 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552150 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC552151 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552151 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552151 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552157 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC552157 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552157 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552157 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC552157 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552158 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552158 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552159 GO:0008013_13174_2 beta-catenin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the beta subunit of the catenin complex." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC552160 GO:0003849_13174_1 3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-erythrose 4-phosphate + H(2)O + phosphoenolpyruvate = 7-phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptonate + phosphate." [EC:2.5.1.54, RHEA:14720] IEA molecular_function LOC552160 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552160 GO:0009073_6281_1 aromatic amino acid family biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552161 GO:0001104_13174_10 RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function LOC552161 GO:0006357_6281_13 regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC552161 GO:0016592_3650_10 mediator complex "A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins." [PMID:11454195, PMID:16168358, PMID:17870225] IEA cellular_component LOC552163 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552163 GO:0016301_13174_14 kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552163 GO:0016310_6281_6 phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552166 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552166 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC552166 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552166 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552166 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552166 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552166 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552166 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC552166 GO:0030163_6281_11 protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552167 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552167 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552167 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC552169 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552169 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552169 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552169 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552170 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552172 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552172 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552174 GO:0006400_6281_7 tRNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within a tRNA molecule to produce a tRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC552174 GO:0008176_13174_1 tRNA (guanine-N7-)-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N7-methylguanine." [EC:2.1.1.33] IEA molecular_function LOC552175 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552175 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC552175 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552175 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552175 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552176 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC552180 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552180 GO:0008817_13174_1 cob(I)yrinic acid a,c-diamide adenosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + cob(I)alamin + H2O = phosphate + diphosphate + adenosylcobalamin." [EC:2.5.1.17] IEA molecular_function LOC552180 GO:0009236_6281_2 cobalamin biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12), a water-soluble vitamin characterized by possession of a corrin nucleus containing a cobalt atom." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552181 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552181 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552182 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552182 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552185 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552185 GO:0004527_13174_12 exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552185 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552189 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552189 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552189 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC552189 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC552192 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552192 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552199 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552199 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552201 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552202 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552202 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552204 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552204 GO:0016757_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552205 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552206 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552206 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552206 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552206 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552207 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552207 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552207 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552208 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552208 GO:0008324_13174_13 cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of cation from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:dgf, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC552208 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552208 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552209 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552215 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552215 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552216 GO:0004016_13174_3 adenylate cyclase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP = 3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate." [EC:4.6.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC552216 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552216 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552216 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552216 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC552217 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552220 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552220 GO:0004075_13174_4 biotin carboxylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + biotin-carboxyl-carrier protein + CO2 = ADP + phosphate + carboxybiotin-carboxyl-carrier protein." [EC:6.3.4.14] IEA molecular_function LOC552220 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552220 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552220 GO:0016874_13174_7 ligase activity "Catalysis of the joining of two substances, or two groups within a single molecule, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [EC:6, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552221 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552221 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC552223 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC552223 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552223 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552228 GO:0004872_13174_13 receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552228 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552231 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552236 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552238 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552240 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC552240 GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function LOC552240 GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552240 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552244 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552249 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552249 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552249 GO:0004559_13174_4 alpha-mannosidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-D-mannose residues in alpha-D-mannosides." [EC:3.2.1.24] IEA molecular_function LOC552249 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552249 GO:0006013_6281_3 mannose metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose. The D-(+)-form is widely distributed in mannans and hemicelluloses and is of major importance in the core oligosaccharide of N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552249 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552249 GO:0015923_13174_3 mannosidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of mannosyl compounds, substances containing a group derived from a cyclic form of mannose or a mannose derivative." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552249 GO:0030246_13174_13 carbohydrate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates." [CHEBI:16646, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552251 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552251 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC552251 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552251 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552251 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC552251 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC552251 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552253 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552253 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552253 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC552254 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552256 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC552256 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552256 GO:0005777_3650_6 peroxisome "A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism." [GOC:pm, PMID:9302272, UniProtKB-KW:KW-0576] IEA cellular_component LOC552256 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC552256 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC552256 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552258 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC552258 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552258 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552258 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552258 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552261 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552261 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552263 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552263 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552263 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552264 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552264 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552265 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552265 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552265 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552265 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC552265 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC552267 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552267 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552272 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552272 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552272 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552272 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552272 GO:0015935_3650_10 small ribosomal subunit "The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC552273 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552273 GO:0004749_13174_2 ribose phosphate diphosphokinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribose 5-phosphate + ATP = 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + AMP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.6.1, RHEA:15612] IEA molecular_function LOC552273 GO:0009116_6281_6 nucleoside metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (a ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleoside), e.g. adenosine, guanosine, inosine, cytidine, uridine and deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, deoxycytidine and thymidine (= deoxythymidine)." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC552273 GO:0009165_6281_3 nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nucleotides, any nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety; may be mono-, di- or triphosphate; this definition includes cyclic-nucleotides (nucleoside cyclic phosphates)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552275 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552279 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC552279 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552279 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552279 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552280 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552284 GO:0000290_6281_1 deadenylation-dependent decapping of nuclear-transcribed mRNA "Cleavage of the 5'-cap of a nuclear mRNA triggered by shortening of the poly(A) tail to below a minimum functional length." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process LOC552284 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552284 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552286 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552286 GO:0003989_13174_1 acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3- = ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA." [EC:6.4.1.2] IEA molecular_function LOC552286 GO:0004075_13174_4 biotin carboxylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + biotin-carboxyl-carrier protein + CO2 = ADP + phosphate + carboxybiotin-carboxyl-carrier protein." [EC:6.3.4.14] IEA molecular_function LOC552286 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552286 GO:0006633_6281_4 fatty acid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552286 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552286 GO:0016874_13174_7 ligase activity "Catalysis of the joining of two substances, or two groups within a single molecule, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [EC:6, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552286 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552289 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552289 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552289 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552289 GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552290 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552291 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552291 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552291 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552291 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552291 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC552293 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552293 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552294 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552295 GO:0005784_3650_1 Sec61 translocon complex "A translocon complex that contains a core heterotrimer of conserved alpha, beta and gamma subunits, and may contain additional proteins (translocon-associated proteins or TRAPs); in budding yeast the core proteins are Sec61p, Sbh1p, and Sss1p. The Sec61 translocon complex functions in cotranslational and posttranslational translocation events." [GOC:mah, PMID:18166647] IEA cellular_component LOC552295 GO:0006613_6281_1 cotranslational protein targeting to membrane "The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation. The transport of most secretory proteins, particularly those with more than 100 amino acids, into the endoplasmic reticulum lumen occurs in this manner, as does the import of some proteins into mitochondria." [ISBN:0716731363, PMID:10512867, PMID:16896215] IEA biological_process LOC552295 GO:0030176_3650_1 integral to endoplasmic reticulum membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of an endoplasmic reticulum membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC552297 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552303 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552303 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552303 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552305 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552305 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552307 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552307 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552307 GO:0004814_13174_4 arginine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-arginine + tRNA(Arg) = AMP + diphosphate + L-arginyl-tRNA(Arg)." [EC:6.1.1.19] IEA molecular_function LOC552307 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552307 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC552307 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC552307 GO:0006420_6281_4 arginyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling arginine to arginyl-tRNA, catalyzed by arginyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC552308 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552308 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552310 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552311 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC552311 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552311 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC552316 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552316 GO:0003920_13174_1 GMP reductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: IMP + NADP(+) + NH(4)(+) = GMP + 2 H(+) + NADPH." [EC:1.7.1.7, RHEA:17188] IEA molecular_function LOC552316 GO:0009117_6281_1 nucleotide metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleotide, a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety; may be mono-, di- or triphosphate; this definition includes cyclic nucleotides (nucleoside cyclic phosphates)." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC552316 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552316 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552319 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552322 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC552322 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552322 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552322 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552322 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552322 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552324 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC552324 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552324 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552324 GO:0008242_13174_5 omega peptidase activity "Catalysis of the removal of terminal peptide residues that are substituted, cyclized or linked by isopeptide bonds (peptide linkages other than those of alpha-carboxyl to alpha-amino groups)." [EC:3.4.19.-] IEA molecular_function LOC552324 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552326 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552327 GO:0008963_13174_1 phospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide-transferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine + undecaprenyl phosphate = UMP + N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine-diphosphoundecaprenol." [EC:2.7.8.13] IEA molecular_function LOC552327 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552328 GO:0004373_13174_1 glycogen (starch) synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + (1,4)-alpha-D-glucosyl(n) = UDP + (1,4)-alpha-D-glucosyl(n+1)." [EC:2.4.1.11] IEA molecular_function LOC552328 GO:0005978_6281_2 glycogen biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552334 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552334 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552334 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552336 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552336 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552336 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552339 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC552341 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552341 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552345 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552349 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552349 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552349 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function LOC552349 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552355 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552355 GO:0004540_13174_5 ribonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in chains of RNA." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552360 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552360 GO:0042765_3650_2 GPI-anchor transamidase complex "An enzyme complex which in humans and yeast consists of at least five proteins; for example, the complex contains GAA1, GPI8, PIG-S, PIG-U, and PIG-T in human, and Gaa1p, Gab1p, Gpi8p, Gpi16p, and Gpi17p in yeast. Catalyzes the posttranslational attachment of the carboxyl-terminus of a precursor protein to a GPI-anchor." [GOC:jl, GOC:rb, PMID:12802054] IEA cellular_component LOC552362 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552363 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552363 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552363 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552368 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552368 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552368 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552371 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552371 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552371 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552371 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552371 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC552373 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552373 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552375 GO:0008158_13174_6 hedgehog receptor activity "Combining with a member of the hedgehog protein family and transmitting the signal across the membrane to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators, PMID:9278137] IEA molecular_function LOC552375 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552375 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552375 GO:0030301_6281_2 cholesterol transport "The directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552385 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552387 GO:0000139_3650_4 Golgi membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC552387 GO:0005351_13174_8 sugar:hydrogen symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sugar(out) + H+(out) = sugar(in) + H+(in)." [TC:2.A.1.1.-] IEA molecular_function LOC552387 GO:0008643_6281_2 carbohydrate transport "The directed movement of carbohydrate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Carbohydrates are any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552387 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552390 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552390 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552394 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552396 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552396 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552397 GO:0016620_13174_11 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552397 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552398 GO:0006486_6281_13 protein glycosylation "A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins." [GOC:curators, GOC:pr] IEA biological_process LOC552398 GO:0008378_13174_9 galactosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a galactosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552398 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552399 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552401 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552401 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552404 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552404 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552404 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552405 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552406 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552406 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC552406 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552409 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552409 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552410 GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552410 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC552410 GO:0033179_3650_3 proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V0 domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase and mediates proton transport across a membrane. The V0 complex consists of at least four different subunits (a,c,d and e); six or more c subunits form a proton-binding rotor ring." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16449553] IEA cellular_component LOC552412 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552412 GO:0004722_13174_8 protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein serine phosphate + H2O = protein serine + phosphate, and protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC552412 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC552412 GO:0008287_3650_7 protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex "A complex, normally consisting of a catalytic and a regulatory subunit, which catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from a serine or threonine residue of a protein." [GOC:bf] IEA cellular_component LOC552413 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552413 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC552416 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552416 GO:0004563_13174_3 beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-hexosamine residues in N-acetyl-beta-D-hexosaminides." [EC:3.2.1.52] IEA molecular_function LOC552416 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552417 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC552419 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552419 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552419 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552419 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552419 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC552419 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552419 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552419 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552421 GO:0016757_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552423 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552423 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552423 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552423 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552426 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552428 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552431 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552433 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552433 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552433 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552433 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552433 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552433 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC552433 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552433 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552437 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552437 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552439 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552441 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552441 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552441 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552441 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552442 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552442 GO:0005801_3650_3 cis-Golgi network "The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located at the convex side of the Golgi apparatus, which abuts the endoplasmic reticulum." [ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552442 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552442 GO:0006888_6281_6 ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport "The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:jp, GOC:tb, ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC552443 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552443 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552444 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552448 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552448 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552448 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552448 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552448 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552448 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC552448 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552448 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552448 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552452 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552452 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552452 GO:0006955_6281_5 immune response "Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05] IEA biological_process LOC552452 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552455 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552458 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function LOC552458 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC552458 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552461 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552464 GO:0007010_6281_12 cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552464 GO:0016012_3650_4 sarcoglycan complex "A protein complex formed of four sarcoglycans plus sarcospan; there are six known sarcoglycans: alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-sarcoglycan; all are N-glycosylated single-pass transmembrane proteins. The sarcoglycan-sarcospan complex is a subcomplex of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex, and is fixed to the dystrophin axis by a lateral association with the dystroglycan complex." [PMID:15117830, PMID:16710609] IEA cellular_component LOC552464 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552466 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552469 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC552469 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC552469 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC552469 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552469 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC552469 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552474 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552474 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552474 GO:0019901_13174_10 protein kinase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552476 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC552476 GO:0033178_3650_8 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, catalytic domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis or synthesis. The catalytic domain (F1, V1, or A1) comprises a hexameric catalytic core and a central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the membrane when the two-sector ATPase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component LOC552476 GO:0033180_3650_4 proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V1 domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis. The V1 complex consists of: (1) a globular headpiece with three alternating copies of subunits A and B that form a ring, (2) a central rotational stalk composed of single copies of subunits D and F, and (3) a peripheral stalk made of subunits C, E, G and H. Subunits A and B mediate the hydrolysis of ATP at three reaction sites associated with subunit A." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16449553] IEA cellular_component LOC552476 GO:0046933_13174_9 hydrogen ion transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + phosphate = ATP + H2O, coupled with transport of H+ down a concentration gradient, by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14, TC:3.A.2.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC552476 GO:0046961_13174_10 proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14] IEA molecular_function LOC552477 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552477 GO:0008236_13174_15 serine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC552477 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552480 GO:0005249_13174_12 voltage-gated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC552480 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552480 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552480 GO:0008076_3650_11 voltage-gated potassium channel complex "A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC552480 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552483 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552484 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552486 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC552486 GO:0008290_3650_2 F-actin capping protein complex "A heterodimer consisting of alpha and beta subunits that binds to and caps the barbed ends of actin filaments, thereby regulating the polymerization of actin monomers but not severing actin filaments." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198599560] IEA cellular_component LOC552486 GO:0030036_6281_8 actin cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552487 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552488 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552489 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552489 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552492 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC552492 GO:0008138_13174_15 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552492 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552492 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552493 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552493 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552495 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552495 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552495 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552495 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552495 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552495 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552495 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC552495 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552495 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552498 GO:0003684_13174_11 damaged DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with damaged DNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552498 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552498 GO:0006289_6281_7 nucleotide-excision repair "A DNA repair process in which a small region of the strand surrounding the damage is removed from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Nucleotide excision repair recognizes a wide range of substrates, including damage caused by UV irradiation (pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts) and chemicals (intrastrand cross-links and bulky adducts)." [PMID:10197977] IEA biological_process LOC552499 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552500 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552501 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552503 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552505 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552505 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552509 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552513 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552514 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552514 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552514 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552515 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552515 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552515 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552515 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552516 GO:0016757_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552520 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552520 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552520 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552520 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC552520 GO:0030131_3650_9 clathrin adaptor complex "A membrane coat adaptor complex that links clathrin to a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC552521 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component LOC552523 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552523 GO:0004794_13174_1 L-threonine ammonia-lyase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-threonine = 2-oxobutanoate + NH3." [EC:4.3.1.19] IEA molecular_function LOC552523 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552523 GO:0016597_13174_5 amino acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an amino acid, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552523 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552524 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552524 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552524 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552525 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552527 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552527 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552528 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552531 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552531 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC552531 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC552532 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552532 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552532 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552532 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC552532 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC552533 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552535 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552535 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552535 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC552539 GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552539 GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process LOC552546 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552546 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552546 GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component LOC552546 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC552546 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552546 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552547 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552547 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552548 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552548 GO:0004677_13174_1 DNA-dependent protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires the presence of DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552548 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552548 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552548 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552548 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552548 GO:0006303_6281_2 double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining "The repair of a double-strand break in DNA in which the two broken ends are rejoined with little or no sequence complementarity. Information at the DNA ends may be lost due to the modification of broken DNA ends." [PMID:10827453] IEA biological_process LOC552548 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552548 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552549 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC552549 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC552549 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC552549 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552549 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC552549 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552550 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552550 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552550 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552552 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552552 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC552552 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC552552 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552552 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552552 GO:0030288_3650_9 outer membrane-bounded periplasmic space "The region between the inner (cytoplasmic or plasma) membrane and outer membrane of organisms with two membranes such as Gram negative bacteria. These periplasmic spaces are relatively thick and contain a thin cell wall." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] IEA cellular_component LOC552554 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552556 GO:0016813_13174_3 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amidines "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a linear amidine, a compound of the form R-C(=NH)-NH2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552556 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552557 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552557 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552560 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC552560 GO:0042325_6281_1 regulation of phosphorylation "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups into a molecule." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC552565 GO:0006520_6281_15 cellular amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33709, GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552565 GO:0016829_13174_6 lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring." [EC:4.-.-.-, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552566 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552566 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552569 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552570 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552570 GO:0005665_3650_2 DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, core complex "RNA polymerase II, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces mRNAs, snoRNAs, and some of the snRNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The largest subunit of RNA polymerase II contains an essential carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) composed of a variable number of heptapeptide repeats (YSPTSPS). The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerases I and III. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu] IEA cellular_component LOC552570 GO:0006366_6281_4 transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter. Includes transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) and certain small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs)." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH, ISBN:0321000382] IEA biological_process LOC552572 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552572 GO:0003746_13174_11 translation elongation factor activity "Functions in chain elongation during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552572 GO:0006452_6281_1 translational frameshifting "A mechanism whereby different proteins may result from a single mRNA molecule, due to a change in the parsing of three nucleotides per codon relative to an initiating AUG codon." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:0195094425] IEA biological_process LOC552572 GO:0008612_6281_2 peptidyl-lysine modification to hypusine "The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form hypusine, N6-(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)-L-lysine." [GOC:ma, ISBN:0198547684, RESID:AA0116] IEA biological_process LOC552572 GO:0043022_13174_2 ribosome binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of a ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552572 GO:0045901_6281_1 positive regulation of translational elongation "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translational elongation." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552572 GO:0045905_6281_1 positive regulation of translational termination "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translational termination." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552573 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552574 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC552574 GO:0006887_6281_1 exocytosis "A process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle by fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane of a cell. This is the process in which most molecules are secreted from eukaryotic cells." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC552574 GO:0048278_6281_1 vesicle docking "The initial attachment of a transport vesicle membrane to the target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane. Docking requires only that the two membranes come close enough for these proteins to interact and adhere." [GOC:ai, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552575 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552575 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552575 GO:0006108_6281_3 malate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving malate, the anion of hydroxybutanedioic acid, a chiral hydroxydicarboxylic acid. The (+) enantiomer is an important intermediate in metabolism as a component of both the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552575 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552575 GO:0016615_13174_3 malate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reversible conversion of pyruvate or oxaloacetate to malate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0582227089] IEA molecular_function LOC552575 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552575 GO:0044262_6281_8 cellular carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC552575 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552576 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC552576 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC552576 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC552576 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552576 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552576 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC552576 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552579 GO:0004175_13174_11 endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC552579 GO:0004298_13174_13 threonine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC552579 GO:0005839_3650_13 proteasome core complex "A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex." [GOC:rb, PMID:10806206] IEA cellular_component LOC552579 GO:0051603_6281_13 proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process "The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC552580 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552580 GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552580 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552581 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552583 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552583 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552583 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552584 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552584 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552584 GO:0003916_13174_3 DNA topoisomerase activity "Catalysis of the transient cleavage and passage of individual DNA strands or double helices through one another, resulting a topological transformation in double-stranded DNA." [GOC:mah, PMID:8811192] IEA molecular_function LOC552584 GO:0005694_3650_11 chromosome "A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC552584 GO:0006265_6281_6 DNA topological change "The process in which a transformation is induced in the topological structure of a double-stranded DNA helix, resulting in a change in linking number." [ISBN:071673706X, ISBN:0935702490] IEA biological_process LOC552584 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552584 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552585 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552585 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552588 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC552589 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552589 GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component LOC552589 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC552589 GO:0007156_6281_20 homophilic cell adhesion "The attachment of an adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552589 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552590 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552592 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC552592 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552592 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552592 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552592 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC552592 GO:0022891_13174_9 substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a specific substance or group of related substances from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC552592 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552596 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552596 GO:0005778_3650_2 peroxisomal membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding a peroxisome." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC552596 GO:0007031_6281_4 peroxisome organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a peroxisome. A peroxisome is a small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552596 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552597 GO:0007049_6281_8 cell cycle "The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552597 GO:0016538_13174_2 cyclin-dependent protein kinase regulator activity "Modulates the activity of a cyclin-dependent protein kinase, enzymes of the protein kinase family that are regulated through association with cyclins and other proteins." [GOC:rn, PMID:7877684, PMID:9442875] IEA molecular_function LOC552599 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552599 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function LOC552599 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC552601 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552602 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552602 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552604 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552604 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552604 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC552605 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552605 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552607 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552607 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function LOC552607 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC552612 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552614 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552614 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552614 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC552614 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552616 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552616 GO:0016226_6281_4 iron-sulfur cluster assembly "The incorporation of iron and exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, GOC:pde, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC552616 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552617 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC552617 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC552617 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC552617 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552617 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC552617 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552620 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552622 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552622 GO:0004518_13174_9 nuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552622 GO:0006259_6281_7 DNA metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552625 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552625 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552625 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552625 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552625 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552625 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552625 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC552625 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552625 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552625 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552630 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552630 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552636 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552636 GO:0008235_13174_9 metalloexopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the N- or C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#EXOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC552636 GO:0008239_13174_7 dipeptidyl-peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain." [GOC:mb] IEA molecular_function LOC552636 GO:0016805_13174_7 dipeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a dipeptide." [http://www.onelook.com] IEA molecular_function LOC552637 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552638 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552648 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552651 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC552654 GO:0004175_13174_11 endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC552654 GO:0004298_13174_13 threonine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC552654 GO:0005839_3650_13 proteasome core complex "A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex." [GOC:rb, PMID:10806206] IEA cellular_component LOC552654 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552654 GO:0019773_3650_6 proteasome core complex, alpha-subunit complex "The proteasome core subcomplex that constitutes the two outer rings of the proteasome core complex. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:rb, PMID:10854779] IEA cellular_component LOC552654 GO:0051603_6281_13 proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process "The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC552660 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC552660 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552661 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC552661 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552661 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552661 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552661 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552661 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552662 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC552662 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552662 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552662 GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552662 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552663 GO:0008478_13174_1 pyridoxal kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pyridoxal = ADP + pyridoxal 5'-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.35] IEA molecular_function LOC552663 GO:0009443_6281_1 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate salvage "Any process that generates pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC552664 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552664 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552664 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552664 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552665 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552665 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552665 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552665 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552665 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552667 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC552667 GO:0009968_6281_1 negative regulation of signal transduction "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction." [GOC:sm] IEA biological_process LOC552670 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552671 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552671 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC552671 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552671 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552671 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552678 GO:0000015_3650_2 phosphopyruvate hydratase complex "A multimeric enzyme complex, usually a dimer or an octamer, that catalyzes the conversion of 2-phospho-D-glycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate and water." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552678 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552678 GO:0004634_13174_2 phosphopyruvate hydratase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O." [EC:4.2.1.11, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552678 GO:0006096_6281_14 glycolysis "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0716720094, Wikipedia:Glycolysis] IEA biological_process LOC552681 GO:0006904_6281_12 vesicle docking involved in exocytosis "The initial attachment of a vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane, that contributes to exocytosis." [GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552681 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC552683 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552683 GO:0004568_13174_11 chitinase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins." [EC:3.2.1.14, GOC:bf, GOC:kah, GOC:pde, PMID:11468293] IEA molecular_function LOC552683 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552683 GO:0006032_6281_11 chitin catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552684 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552684 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552684 GO:0005665_3650_2 DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, core complex "RNA polymerase II, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces mRNAs, snoRNAs, and some of the snRNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The largest subunit of RNA polymerase II contains an essential carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) composed of a variable number of heptapeptide repeats (YSPTSPS). The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerases I and III. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu] IEA cellular_component LOC552684 GO:0006366_6281_4 transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter. Includes transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) and certain small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs)." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH, ISBN:0321000382] IEA biological_process LOC552687 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552687 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552687 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552687 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC552687 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552688 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552688 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552689 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552689 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552690 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552692 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552692 GO:0003884_13174_2 D-amino-acid oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a D-amino acid + H2O + O2 = a 2-oxo acid + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide." [EC:1.4.3.3] IEA molecular_function LOC552692 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552692 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552692 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC552692 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC552692 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552692 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552693 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552695 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552697 GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC552697 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552697 GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552697 GO:0046873_13174_9 metal ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of metal ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552697 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC552707 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC552707 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552707 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552707 GO:0007283_6281_2 spermatogenesis "The process of formation of spermatozoa, including spermatocytogenesis and spermiogenesis." [GOC:jid, ISBN:9780878933846] IEA biological_process LOC552710 GO:0004066_13174_2 asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-aspartate + L-glutamine = AMP + diphosphate + L-asparagine + L-glutamate." [EC:6.3.5.4] IEA molecular_function LOC552710 GO:0006529_6281_2 asparagine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of asparagine, 2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552715 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552716 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552717 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552717 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552717 GO:0032934_13174_3 sterol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sterol, any steroid containing a hydroxy group in the 3 position, closely related to cholestan-3-ol." [CHEBI:15889, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552723 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552724 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552724 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552724 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552725 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552725 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552725 GO:0016620_13174_11 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552725 GO:0030154_6281_4 cell differentiation "The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552725 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552730 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552730 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552730 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552730 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552730 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552730 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC552730 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC552730 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552730 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552730 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552736 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552736 GO:0006096_6281_14 glycolysis "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0716720094, Wikipedia:Glycolysis] IEA biological_process LOC552736 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552736 GO:0016868_13174_4 intramolecular transferase activity, phosphotransferases "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group from one position to another within a single molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552738 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552738 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552738 GO:0030976_13174_4 thiamine pyrophosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with thiamine pyrophosphate, the diphosphoric ester of thiamine. Acts as a coenzyme of several (de)carboxylases, transketolases, and alpha-oxoacid dehydrogenases." [CHEBI:45931, GOC:mlg] IEA molecular_function LOC552740 GO:0016763_13174_1 transferase activity, transferring pentosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a pentosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552743 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC552743 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552743 GO:0006888_6281_6 ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport "The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:jp, GOC:tb, ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC552745 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552746 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552746 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552747 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552750 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552750 GO:0004003_13174_7 ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; this reaction drives the unwinding of the DNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552750 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552750 GO:0006303_6281_2 double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining "The repair of a double-strand break in DNA in which the two broken ends are rejoined with little or no sequence complementarity. Information at the DNA ends may be lost due to the modification of broken DNA ends." [PMID:10827453] IEA biological_process LOC552753 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552756 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC552756 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552756 GO:0008234_13174_15 cysteine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC552757 GO:0003995_13174_10 acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor." [EC:1.3.99.3] IEA molecular_function LOC552757 GO:0003997_13174_3 acyl-CoA oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + O2 = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + hydrogen peroxide." [EC:1.3.3.6] IEA molecular_function LOC552757 GO:0005777_3650_6 peroxisome "A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism." [GOC:pm, PMID:9302272, UniProtKB-KW:KW-0576] IEA cellular_component LOC552757 GO:0006631_6281_5 fatty acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552757 GO:0006635_6281_4 fatty acid beta-oxidation "A fatty acid oxidation process that results in the complete oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and occurs by successive cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A; the cycle continues until only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732, MetaCyc:FAO-PWY] IEA biological_process LOC552757 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552757 GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552757 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552757 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552761 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC552761 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552764 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552765 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552765 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552766 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552766 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552766 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC552766 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552766 GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552766 GO:0043234_3650_15 protein complex "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552766 GO:0051258_6281_15 protein polymerization "The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552767 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552768 GO:0000049_13174_4 tRNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with transfer RNA." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552768 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552768 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552768 GO:0004826_13174_3 phenylalanine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNA(Phe) = AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNA(Phe)." [EC:6.1.1.20] IEA molecular_function LOC552768 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552768 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC552768 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC552768 GO:0006432_6281_3 phenylalanyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling phenylalanine to phenylalanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC552768 GO:0043039_6281_8 tRNA aminoacylation "The chemical reactions and pathways by which the various amino acids become bonded to their corresponding tRNAs. The most common route for synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA is by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, usually catalyzed by the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA ligase. A given aminoacyl-tRNA ligase aminoacylates all species of an isoaccepting group of tRNA molecules." [GOC:ma, GOC:mah, MetaCyc:Aminoacyl-tRNAs] IEA biological_process LOC552769 GO:0004659_13174_3 prenyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a prenyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552769 GO:0009234_6281_1 menaquinone biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of the menaquinones, any of the quinone-derived compounds synthesized by intestinal bacteria. Structurally, menaquinones consist of a methylated naphthoquinone ring structure and side chains composed of a variable number of unsaturated isoprenoid residues. Menaquinones have vitamin K activity and are known as vitamin K2." [GOC:jl, http://www.dentistry.leeds.ac.uk/biochem/thcme/vitamins.html#k] IEA biological_process LOC552769 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552769 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552771 GO:0010181_13174_8 FMN binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FMN, flavin mononucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes." [GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552771 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552771 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552772 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552772 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552772 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552775 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552780 GO:0004526_13174_2 ribonuclease P activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA, removing 5' extra nucleotides from tRNA precursor." [EC:3.1.26.5] IEA molecular_function LOC552780 GO:0004540_13174_5 ribonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in chains of RNA." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552780 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC552780 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process LOC552780 GO:0016070_6281_11 RNA metabolic process "The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552784 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552786 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC552787 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552787 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552787 GO:0003916_13174_3 DNA topoisomerase activity "Catalysis of the transient cleavage and passage of individual DNA strands or double helices through one another, resulting a topological transformation in double-stranded DNA." [GOC:mah, PMID:8811192] IEA molecular_function LOC552787 GO:0003917_13174_3 DNA topoisomerase type I activity "Catalysis of a DNA topological transformation by transiently cleaving one DNA strand at a time to allow passage of another strand; changes the linking number by +1 per catalytic cycle." [PMID:8811192] IEA molecular_function LOC552787 GO:0005694_3650_11 chromosome "A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC552787 GO:0006265_6281_6 DNA topological change "The process in which a transformation is induced in the topological structure of a double-stranded DNA helix, resulting in a change in linking number." [ISBN:071673706X, ISBN:0935702490] IEA biological_process LOC552787 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552787 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552790 GO:0005779_3650_1 integral to peroxisomal membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a peroxisomal membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC552790 GO:0007031_6281_4 peroxisome organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a peroxisome. A peroxisome is a small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC552795 GO:0008654_6281_10 phospholipid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552795 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC552795 GO:0016780_13174_6 phosphotransferase activity, for other substituted phosphate groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a substituted phosphate group, other than diphosphate or nucleotidyl residues, from one compound (donor) to a another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/EC2/intro.html] IEA molecular_function LOC552797 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC552797 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC552797 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552800 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552803 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552806 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552806 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552806 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC552807 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC552807 GO:0016272_3650_9 prefoldin complex "A multisubunit chaperone that acts to delivers unfolded proteins to cytosolic chaperonin. In humans, the complex is a heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha and four PFD-beta type subunits." [GOC:jl, PMID:17384227, PMID:9630229] IEA cellular_component LOC552807 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552811 GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC552811 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552811 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC552812 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552814 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC552814 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552814 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552814 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552814 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552814 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC552815 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC552815 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552820 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC552820 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC552820 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552823 GO:0006633_6281_4 fatty acid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552823 GO:0050080_13174_1 malonyl-CoA decarboxylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: malonyl-CoA = acetyl-CoA + CO2." [EC:4.1.1.9, MetaCyc:MALONYL-COA-DECARBOXYLASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC552829 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC552829 GO:0016298_13174_5 lipase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a lipid or phospholipid." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552829 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552831 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552832 GO:0005542_13174_2 folic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with folic acid, pteroylglutamic acid. Folic acid is widely distributed as a member of the vitamin B complex and is essential for the synthesis of purine and pyrimidines." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552832 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC552832 GO:0006555_6281_2 methionine metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC552832 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC552832 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552832 GO:0017174_13174_1 glycine N-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + glycine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sarcosine." [EC:2.1.1.20] IEA molecular_function LOC552839 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC552846 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC552846 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC552847 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC552851 GO:0031177_13174_11 phosphopantetheine binding "Interacting selectively with phosphopantetheine, the vitamin pantetheine 4'-(dihydrogen phosphate)." [CHEBI:16858, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724115 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724120 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724120 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724120 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724120 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724120 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724120 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC724120 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724123 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724126 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724126 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724129 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724129 GO:0005730_3650_2 nucleolus "A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724129 GO:0042254_6281_10 ribosome biogenesis "A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC724131 GO:0004550_13174_4 nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside diphosphate = ADP + nucleoside triphosphate." [EC:2.7.4.6] IEA molecular_function LOC724131 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724131 GO:0006165_6281_4 nucleoside diphosphate phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group into a nucleoside diphosphate to produce a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC724131 GO:0006183_6281_4 GTP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724131 GO:0006228_6281_4 UTP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UTP, uridine (5'-)triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724131 GO:0006241_6281_4 CTP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CTP, cytidine 5'-triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724132 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724132 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724133 GO:0003747_13174_4 translation release factor activity "Involved in catalyzing the release of a nascent polypeptide chain from a ribosome." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724133 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC724133 GO:0006415_6281_4 translational termination "The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome, usually in response to a termination codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA in the universal genetic code)." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process LOC724133 GO:0016149_13174_2 translation release factor activity, codon specific "A translation release factor that is specific for one or more particular termination codons; acts at the ribosomal A-site and require polypeptidyl-tRNA at the P-site." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724136 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC724136 GO:0016272_3650_9 prefoldin complex "A multisubunit chaperone that acts to delivers unfolded proteins to cytosolic chaperonin. In humans, the complex is a heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha and four PFD-beta type subunits." [GOC:jl, PMID:17384227, PMID:9630229] IEA cellular_component LOC724136 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724136 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724138 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724147 GO:0004629_13174_12 phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phospholipid + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + a phosphatidate." [EC:3.1.4.3, EC:3.1.4.4, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724147 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC724147 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724147 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC724148 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724148 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724148 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724148 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724149 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC724149 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC724149 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC724149 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724149 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC724149 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724150 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724150 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724156 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724156 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724156 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724159 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC724159 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724159 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724159 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724159 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724159 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724159 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724159 GO:0016747_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724176 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724179 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC724179 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC724179 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC724179 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724179 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724179 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC724179 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724179 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724179 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC724182 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724182 GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724183 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724183 GO:0004126_13174_2 cytidine deaminase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: cytidine + H2O = uridine + NH3." [EC:3.5.4.5] IEA molecular_function LOC724183 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724183 GO:0009972_6281_2 cytidine deamination "The removal of amino group in the presence of water." [GOC:sm] IEA biological_process LOC724183 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724195 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724199 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724199 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724199 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724201 GO:0003747_13174_4 translation release factor activity "Involved in catalyzing the release of a nascent polypeptide chain from a ribosome." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724201 GO:0006415_6281_4 translational termination "The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome, usually in response to a termination codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA in the universal genetic code)." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process LOC724205 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724205 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724206 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724206 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724206 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724210 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724212 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724212 GO:0030529_3650_4 ribonucleoprotein complex "A macromolecular complex containing both protein and RNA molecules." [GOC:krc] IEA cellular_component LOC724213 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724213 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724213 GO:0016070_6281_11 RNA metabolic process "The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724218 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724225 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC724225 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724227 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC724227 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724227 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724227 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724227 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC724237 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC724237 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724238 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724238 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724238 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724238 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724238 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724238 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724239 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724239 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724239 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724239 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724239 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724239 GO:0016769_13174_14 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724239 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724239 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724240 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724240 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724240 GO:0004518_13174_9 nuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724240 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC724244 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724244 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC724246 GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC724256 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724258 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724258 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724258 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724260 GO:0003951_13174_4 NAD+ kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + NAD(+) = ADP + 2 H(+) + NADP(+)." [EC:2.7.1.23, RHEA:18632] IEA molecular_function LOC724260 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724262 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724262 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724264 GO:0005743_3650_6 mitochondrial inner membrane "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae." [GOC:ai] IEA cellular_component LOC724264 GO:0008137_13174_11 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol." [EC:1.6.5.3] IEA molecular_function LOC724264 GO:0042773_6281_3 ATP synthesis coupled electron transport "The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC724267 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724268 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724268 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724279 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724279 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724279 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724279 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724279 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC724279 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724279 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC724279 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724283 GO:0008158_13174_6 hedgehog receptor activity "Combining with a member of the hedgehog protein family and transmitting the signal across the membrane to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators, PMID:9278137] IEA molecular_function LOC724283 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724283 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724287 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724288 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724291 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724291 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724291 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC724291 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724291 GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724291 GO:0043234_3650_15 protein complex "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724291 GO:0051258_6281_15 protein polymerization "The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC724292 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724294 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724295 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724297 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724297 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724297 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724297 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724297 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724299 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724300 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724300 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724301 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724301 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724301 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724301 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724301 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724304 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724304 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724304 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724304 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724304 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC724307 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724307 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724307 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724307 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724307 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724307 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC724307 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724309 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC724309 GO:0008603_13174_6 cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity "Modulation of the activity of the enzyme cAMP-dependent protein kinase." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724311 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724311 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724311 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724311 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724312 GO:0006807_6281_12 nitrogen compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium." [CHEBI:51143, GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724312 GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724315 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724315 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724315 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724321 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724323 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function LOC724323 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC724326 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function LOC724326 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC724329 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724332 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724332 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724332 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC724334 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724334 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724336 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724336 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724336 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724337 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724337 GO:0004527_13174_12 exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724337 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724337 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724338 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC724338 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC724338 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC724338 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724338 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC724338 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724339 GO:0006506_6281_12 GPI anchor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724339 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724339 GO:0017176_13174_2 phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + phosphatidylinositol = UDP + N-acetyl-D-glucosaminylphosphatidylinositol." [EC:2.4.1.198] IEA molecular_function LOC724341 GO:0005783_3650_14 endoplasmic reticulum "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724341 GO:0005788_3650_1 endoplasmic reticulum lumen "The volume enclosed by the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC724341 GO:0009306_6281_1 protein secretion "The controlled release of proteins from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC724343 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724343 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724343 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724344 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724344 GO:0005096_13174_14 GTPase activator activity "Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724344 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724344 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724344 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724344 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC724344 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724344 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724352 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724352 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724352 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724356 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724356 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724356 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724359 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724359 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724360 GO:0016813_13174_3 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amidines "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a linear amidine, a compound of the form R-C(=NH)-NH2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724360 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724363 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724373 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724373 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724373 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724373 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724373 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724376 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724377 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724379 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724379 GO:0004835_13174_12 tubulin-tyrosine ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + detyrosinated alpha-tubulin + L-tyrosine = alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.25] IEA molecular_function LOC724379 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724379 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724388 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724391 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC724391 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724395 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724395 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724395 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724399 GO:0005783_3650_14 endoplasmic reticulum "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724399 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724399 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724402 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724402 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724402 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724402 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724402 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724402 GO:0016817_13174_10 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724412 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724412 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724412 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724412 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724412 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724414 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724415 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724415 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724415 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724415 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724415 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC724415 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC724415 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC724417 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724417 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component LOC724418 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC724420 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724420 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724420 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724420 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724420 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724424 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724424 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC724425 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724427 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724428 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724428 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724428 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724428 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724428 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724429 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC724429 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724429 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724429 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724429 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC724430 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724430 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC724433 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724433 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC724435 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724436 GO:0004623_13174_8 phospholipase A2 activity "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate." [EC:3.1.1.4] IEA molecular_function LOC724436 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724436 GO:0006644_6281_7 phospholipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724436 GO:0016042_6281_9 lipid catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724437 GO:0008013_13174_2 beta-catenin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the beta subunit of the catenin complex." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC724437 GO:0016055_6281_9 Wnt receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, PMID:11532397] IEA biological_process LOC724439 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724439 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724440 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724440 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724440 GO:0005388_13174_3 calcium-transporting ATPase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ca2+(cis) = ADP + phosphate + Ca2+(trans)." [EC:3.6.3.8] IEA molecular_function LOC724440 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724440 GO:0006754_6281_7 ATP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724440 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC724440 GO:0006816_6281_3 calcium ion transport "The directed movement of calcium (Ca) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC724440 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724440 GO:0015662_13174_15 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate." [PMID:10322420, PMID:10600683] IEA molecular_function LOC724440 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724440 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724440 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724441 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724441 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724441 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724445 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724459 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724460 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724463 GO:0004629_13174_12 phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phospholipid + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + a phosphatidate." [EC:3.1.4.3, EC:3.1.4.4, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724463 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC724463 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724463 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC724464 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724464 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724464 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724465 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724465 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724467 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724467 GO:0016226_6281_4 iron-sulfur cluster assembly "The incorporation of iron and exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, GOC:pde, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC724467 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724470 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724470 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724470 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724470 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724471 GO:0004435_13174_8 phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H(2)O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + H(+)." [EC:3.1.4.11, RHEA:23915] IEA molecular_function LOC724471 GO:0004629_13174_12 phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phospholipid + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + a phosphatidate." [EC:3.1.4.3, EC:3.1.4.4, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724471 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC724471 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC724471 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724471 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC724473 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC724473 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724474 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724475 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724475 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724475 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724475 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724478 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724486 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724486 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724496 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724497 GO:0008158_13174_6 hedgehog receptor activity "Combining with a member of the hedgehog protein family and transmitting the signal across the membrane to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators, PMID:9278137] IEA molecular_function LOC724497 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724497 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724498 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724503 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724503 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724503 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724503 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724503 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC724503 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC724505 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724505 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC724505 GO:0004527_13174_12 exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724505 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724505 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724505 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724506 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724511 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724511 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724511 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724513 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724513 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724513 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724513 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724513 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724523 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC724523 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724523 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724523 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC724524 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724524 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724531 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724531 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724531 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724531 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724535 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724535 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724535 GO:0030414_13174_13 peptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724536 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724537 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC724537 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724538 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724538 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724538 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724538 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724540 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724540 GO:0006012_6281_5 galactose metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose. D-galactose is widely distributed in combined form in plants, animals and microorganisms as a constituent of oligo- and polysaccharides; it also occurs in galactolipids and as its glucoside in lactose and melibiose." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724540 GO:0008108_13174_1 UDP-glucose:hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-D-galactose." [EC:2.7.7.12, RHEA:13992] IEA molecular_function LOC724540 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724541 GO:0004601_13174_12 peroxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7] IEA molecular_function LOC724541 GO:0006979_6281_14 response to oxidative stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] IEA biological_process LOC724541 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724541 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC724543 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724543 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724543 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724546 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC724546 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724546 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724546 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC724550 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724550 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724550 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724550 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724550 GO:0008484_13174_9 sulfuric ester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RSO-R' + H2O = RSOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any sulfuric ester bond, any ester formed from sulfuric acid, O=SO(OH)2." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724551 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724552 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724553 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC724553 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724553 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724557 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724559 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724559 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC724561 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724562 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724562 GO:0004427_13174_7 inorganic diphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + H(2)O = H(+) + 2 phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.1, RHEA:24579] IEA molecular_function LOC724562 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC724562 GO:0006796_6281_7 phosphate-containing compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the phosphate group, the anion or salt of any phosphoric acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC724563 GO:0004857_13174_6 enzyme inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724563 GO:0004867_13174_10 serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of serine-type endopeptidases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain; a serine residue (and a histidine residue) are at the active center of the enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724563 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724563 GO:0030414_13174_13 peptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724564 GO:0016765_13174_2 transferase activity, transferring alkyl or aryl (other than methyl) groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an alkyl or aryl (but not methyl) group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724566 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724566 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724570 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724571 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC724571 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC724571 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC724571 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724571 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC724571 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724571 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724571 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724571 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC724574 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC724574 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724574 GO:0046168_6281_4 glycerol-3-phosphate catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC724574 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724574 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC724584 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724584 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724584 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724586 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724586 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724590 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function LOC724590 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function LOC724590 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process LOC724590 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724593 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724593 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724593 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724593 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724603 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC724603 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC724603 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC724603 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724603 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC724603 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724603 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724603 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724603 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC724604 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724604 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724604 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724604 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC724604 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724607 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC724607 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC724607 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724607 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724607 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC724607 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724607 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC724611 GO:0004835_13174_12 tubulin-tyrosine ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + detyrosinated alpha-tubulin + L-tyrosine = alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.25] IEA molecular_function LOC724611 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724618 GO:0004857_13174_6 enzyme inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724618 GO:0004867_13174_10 serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of serine-type endopeptidases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain; a serine residue (and a histidine residue) are at the active center of the enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724618 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724619 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC724620 GO:0005635_3650_3 nuclear envelope "The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space)." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC724622 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724622 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724623 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724623 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724623 GO:0008967_13174_3 phosphoglycolate phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phosphoglycolate + H(2)O = glycolate + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.18, RHEA:14372] IEA molecular_function LOC724629 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724629 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724629 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724629 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724633 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC724633 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724633 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724633 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724635 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process LOC724635 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724637 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724641 GO:0005741_3650_6 mitochondrial outer membrane "The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope." [GOC:ai] IEA cellular_component LOC724641 GO:0006820_6281_6 anion transport "The directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC724641 GO:0008308_13174_4 voltage-gated anion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an anion by a voltage-gated channel. An anion is a negatively charged ion. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC724641 GO:0044070_6281_4 regulation of anion transport "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC724641 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC724647 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724647 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724651 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724654 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724660 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724666 GO:0047800_13174_1 cysteamine dioxygenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: cysteamine + O(2) = H(+) + hypotaurine." [EC:1.13.11.19, RHEA:14412] IEA molecular_function LOC724666 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC724669 GO:0016853_13174_10 isomerase activity "Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724672 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC724672 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC724672 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC724672 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724672 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC724672 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724676 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724676 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724676 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724676 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724676 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC724678 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC724678 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724678 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724678 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724678 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724678 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724684 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724684 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC724685 GO:0004719_13174_3 protein-L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein L-beta-aspartate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein L-beta-aspartate methyl ester." [EC:2.1.1.77] IEA molecular_function LOC724685 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724686 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724687 GO:0007267_6281_4 cell-cell signaling "Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724689 GO:0043231_3650_2 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle "Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724689 GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC724690 GO:0000151_3650_13 ubiquitin ligase complex "A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex." [PMID:9529603] IEA cellular_component LOC724690 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function LOC724690 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724690 GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC724695 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724695 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724695 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724695 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724696 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724699 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724700 GO:0004047_13174_3 aminomethyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (6S)-tetrahydrofolate + S-aminomethyldihydrolipoylprotein = (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NH3 + dihydrolipoylprotein." [EC:2.1.2.10] IEA molecular_function LOC724700 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC724700 GO:0006546_6281_3 glycine catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycine, aminoethanoic acid." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724701 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724705 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724705 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724705 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724706 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724706 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724706 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC724707 GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724707 GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process LOC724715 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724716 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724716 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724716 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC724718 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724718 GO:0004854_13174_1 xanthine dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: xanthine + NAD+ + H2O = urate + NADH + H+." [EC:1.17.1.4] IEA molecular_function LOC724718 GO:0004855_13174_1 xanthine oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: xanthine + H2O + O2 = urate + hydrogen peroxide." [EC:1.17.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC724718 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724718 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724718 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724718 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724718 GO:0043546_13174_2 molybdopterin cofactor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the molybdopterin cofactor (Moco), essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes, e.g. sulfite oxidase, xanthine dehydrogenase, and aldehyde oxidase. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo-molybdopterin) or tungsten ion (W-molybdopterin) coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands." [ISSN:09498257] IEA molecular_function LOC724718 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724718 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724718 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724718 GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC724718 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC724721 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724721 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724726 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724727 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724727 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724727 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724727 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724735 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724738 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724738 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724739 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724739 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724745 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724747 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724747 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724752 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724752 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724754 GO:0006777_6281_6 Mo-molybdopterin cofactor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the Mo-molybdopterin cofactor, essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo) ion coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands." [http://www.sunysb.edu/biochem/BIOCHEM/facultypages/schindelin/, ISSN:09498257] IEA biological_process LOC724760 GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function LOC724760 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function LOC724760 GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC724760 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC724760 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724760 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724762 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724762 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724762 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724762 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724762 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724762 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724762 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724762 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724762 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC724762 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724762 GO:0008134_13174_12 transcription factor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724762 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC724762 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724772 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724775 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724778 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724778 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724778 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724778 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724778 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724778 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724779 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724780 GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function LOC724780 GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC724780 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724781 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724785 GO:0046907_6281_7 intracellular transport "The directed movement of substances within a cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC724788 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724788 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724788 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC724788 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724789 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724793 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724795 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724798 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724798 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724798 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724799 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724801 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724801 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724801 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724801 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724801 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724803 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC724803 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724803 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC724806 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724806 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC724806 GO:0004180_13174_5 carboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the terminal or penultimate peptide bond at the C-terminal end of a peptide or polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724806 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724806 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724806 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC724806 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724806 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC724806 GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724808 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724809 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724810 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724810 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724815 GO:0006807_6281_12 nitrogen compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium." [CHEBI:51143, GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724815 GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724817 GO:0000775_3650_3 chromosome, centromeric region "The region of a chromosome that includes the centromeric DNA and associated proteins. In monocentric chromosomes, this region corresponds to a single area of the chromosome, whereas in holocentric chromosomes, it is evenly distributed along the chromosome." [GOC:elh, GOC:kmv] IEA cellular_component LOC724817 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724817 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724822 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724823 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724827 GO:0003954_13174_2 NADH dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor." [EC:1.6.99.3] IEA molecular_function LOC724827 GO:0005739_3650_12 mitochondrion "A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724827 GO:0008137_13174_11 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol." [EC:1.6.5.3] IEA molecular_function LOC724833 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC724833 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724833 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724833 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC724833 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724833 GO:0031012_3650_9 extracellular matrix "A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals and bacteria) or be part of the cell (as in plants)." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC724838 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724838 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724839 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724839 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724839 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724839 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724839 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724839 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724839 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC724839 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724839 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC724839 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724847 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724849 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724853 GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function LOC724853 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function LOC724853 GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC724853 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC724853 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724853 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724856 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724856 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724856 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724856 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724865 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724865 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724865 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724865 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724865 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC724867 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724869 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC724869 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724869 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724869 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724870 GO:0010181_13174_8 FMN binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FMN, flavin mononucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes." [GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724870 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724870 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC724874 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC724874 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724874 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724874 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724874 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC724874 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC724876 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724876 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724877 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724877 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC724877 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC724878 GO:0008146_13174_13 sulfotransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate." [EC:2.8.2, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724878 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724879 GO:0004177_13174_10 aminopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal amino acid residues from in a polypeptide chain." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724879 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724879 GO:0008235_13174_9 metalloexopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the N- or C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#EXOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC724879 GO:0009987_6281_8 cellular process "Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] IEA biological_process LOC724879 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724882 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724882 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724882 GO:0051028_6281_3 mRNA transport "The directed movement of mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC724890 GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724890 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724890 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC724891 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724891 GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC724891 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724891 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724891 GO:0006261_6281_1 DNA-dependent DNA replication "A DNA replication process that uses parental DNA as a template for the DNA-dependent DNA polymerases that synthesize the new strands." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724895 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724895 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724901 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC724901 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724907 GO:0003841_13174_2 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate = CoA + 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate." [EC:2.3.1.51] IEA molecular_function LOC724907 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724907 GO:0008654_6281_10 phospholipid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724907 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724907 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724908 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724908 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724910 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC724910 GO:0016272_3650_9 prefoldin complex "A multisubunit chaperone that acts to delivers unfolded proteins to cytosolic chaperonin. In humans, the complex is a heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha and four PFD-beta type subunits." [GOC:jl, PMID:17384227, PMID:9630229] IEA cellular_component LOC724910 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724910 GO:0051087_13174_4 chaperone binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a chaperone protein, a class of proteins that bind to nascent or unfolded polypeptides and ensure correct folding or transport." [http://www.onelook.com] IEA molecular_function LOC724914 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724914 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724919 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724919 GO:0030151_13174_4 molybdenum ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with molybdenum (Mo) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724919 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724925 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC724925 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC724925 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724925 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724925 GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724927 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724927 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724928 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724930 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC724930 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724930 GO:0006915_6281_8 apoptotic process "A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathways) which typically lead to rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. The process ends when the cell has died. The process is divided into a signaling pathway phase and into an execution phase, which is triggered by the former." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:18846107, PMID:21494263] IEA biological_process LOC724930 GO:0008234_13174_15 cysteine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC724933 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724933 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724933 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724933 GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC724933 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC724936 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724937 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724937 GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724937 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724938 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724938 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724940 GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724940 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC724940 GO:0033177_3650_11 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, proton-transporting domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and carries out proton transport across a membrane. The proton-transporting domain (F0, V0, or A0) includes integral and peripheral membrane proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component LOC724941 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC724941 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC724941 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724941 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC724941 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724949 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724950 GO:0004872_13174_13 receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724950 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724950 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724950 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC724950 GO:0007160_6281_6 cell-matrix adhesion "The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC724950 GO:0007229_6281_3 integrin-mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of extracellular ligand to an integrin on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC724950 GO:0008305_3650_3 integrin complex "A protein complex that is composed of one alpha subunit and one beta subunit, both of which are members of the integrin superfamily of cell adhesion receptors; the complex spans the plasma membrane and binds to extracellular matrix ligands, cell-surface ligands, and soluble ligands." [PMID:17543136] IEA cellular_component LOC724951 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724951 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724952 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC724952 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724952 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724952 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC724955 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC724958 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function LOC724958 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function LOC724958 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process LOC724958 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724961 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724961 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724962 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724967 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724967 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC724967 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC724969 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724974 GO:0004835_13174_12 tubulin-tyrosine ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + detyrosinated alpha-tubulin + L-tyrosine = alpha-tubulin + ADP + phosphate." [EC:6.3.2.25] IEA molecular_function LOC724974 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC724976 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724979 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724979 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724979 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724980 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC724980 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC724980 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC724983 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC724983 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC724983 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724983 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC724983 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC724991 GO:0016307_13174_3 phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a phosphatidylinositol phosphate = ADP + a phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate." [EC:2.7.1.-, PMID:9759495] IEA molecular_function LOC724991 GO:0046488_6281_3 phosphatidylinositol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid in which a sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol." [CHEBI:28874, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC724995 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC724995 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC724998 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC724998 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC724998 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC724998 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC724998 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC724998 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC725003 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725003 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725008 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC725008 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725011 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725011 GO:0051205_6281_2 protein insertion into membrane "The process that results in the incorporation of a protein into a biological membrane." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725012 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725012 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725014 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725015 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725015 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725015 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC725016 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725016 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725016 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725017 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725017 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725018 GO:0004631_13174_1 phosphomevalonate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-5-phosphomevalonate + ATP = (R)-5-diphosphomevalonate + ADP + H(+)." [EC:2.7.4.2, RHEA:16344] IEA molecular_function LOC725018 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC725018 GO:0006695_6281_1 cholesterol biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725024 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725027 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725027 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function LOC725027 GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725027 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725027 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC725027 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725027 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725027 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725028 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725028 GO:0030163_6281_11 protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725030 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725031 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725032 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC725032 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function LOC725032 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725032 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725032 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process LOC725039 GO:0008190_13174_1 eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with eukaryotic initiation factor 4E, a polypeptide factor involved in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725039 GO:0045947_6281_1 negative regulation of translational initiation "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725041 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725048 GO:0030246_13174_13 carbohydrate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates." [CHEBI:16646, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725051 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725051 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725051 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725051 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725051 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725051 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC725051 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725051 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC725053 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725053 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725056 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725056 GO:0048037_13174_7 cofactor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cofactor, a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein. Cofactors may be inorganic, such as the metal atoms zinc, iron, and copper in certain forms, or organic, in which case they are referred to as coenzymes. Cofactors may either be bound tightly to active sites or bind loosely with the substrate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725056 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725058 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC725058 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725058 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725058 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725058 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725065 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725067 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725067 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725067 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725069 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC725069 GO:0006857_6281_1 oligopeptide transport "The directed movement of oligopeptides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Oligopeptides are molecules that contain a small number (2 to 20) of amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725069 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725074 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725074 GO:0009405_6281_3 pathogenesis "The set of specific processes that generate the ability of an organism to cause disease in another." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725074 GO:0019855_13174_1 calcium channel inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents, or reduces the activity of a calcium channel." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725076 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725076 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725091 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725092 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725092 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725096 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC725096 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725097 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725105 GO:0006744_6281_5 ubiquinone biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ubiquinone, a lipid-soluble electron-transporting coenzyme." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725106 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725106 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725112 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725113 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725113 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725113 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725118 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function LOC725118 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725118 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC725118 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725118 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725125 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC725125 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725125 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725125 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC725130 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725134 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725134 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725134 GO:0051028_6281_3 mRNA transport "The directed movement of mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725135 GO:0005789_3650_10 endoplasmic reticulum membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC725135 GO:0006506_6281_12 GPI anchor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725136 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725136 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725136 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725136 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725136 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC725136 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC725138 GO:0030001_6281_16 metal ion transport "The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725138 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725140 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725140 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC725140 GO:0019001_13174_8 guanyl nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with guanyl nucleotides, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725143 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725143 GO:0006364_6281_13 rRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC725143 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725143 GO:0032040_3650_5 small-subunit processome "A large ribonucleoprotein complex that is an early preribosomal complex. In S. cerevisiae, it has a size of 80S and consists of the 35S pre-rRNA, early-associating ribosomal proteins most of which are part of the small ribosomal subunit, the U3 snoRNA and associated proteins." [PMID:12068309, PMID:12957375, PMID:15120992, PMID:15590835] IEA cellular_component LOC725144 GO:0004861_13174_2 cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a cyclin-dependent protein kinase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725144 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725144 GO:0007050_6281_6 cell cycle arrest "A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M)." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC725146 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725146 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC725146 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC725146 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725146 GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725149 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725149 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725149 GO:0008236_13174_15 serine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC725149 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725150 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC725150 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC725150 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC725150 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725150 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC725150 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC725150 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725155 GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725156 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725156 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725157 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC725157 GO:0008603_13174_6 cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity "Modulation of the activity of the enzyme cAMP-dependent protein kinase." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725161 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725161 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725161 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725165 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC725165 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725165 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725166 GO:0004861_13174_2 cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a cyclin-dependent protein kinase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725166 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725166 GO:0007050_6281_6 cell cycle arrest "A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M)." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC725169 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725169 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725171 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725171 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725173 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725173 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725174 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725174 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725179 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC725180 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725180 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725189 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725192 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725192 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC725194 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC725194 GO:0033925_13174_1 mannosyl-glycoprotein endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity "Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of the N,N'-diacetylchitobiosyl unit in high-mannose glycopeptides and glycoproteins containing the -[Man(GlcNAc)2]Asn-structure. One N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue remains attached to the protein; the rest of the oligosaccharide is released intact." [EC:3.2.1.96] IEA molecular_function LOC725198 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725200 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725201 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725201 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725201 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725201 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725201 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725204 GO:0004838_13174_1 L-tyrosine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate + L-glutamate." [EC:2.6.1.5] IEA molecular_function LOC725204 GO:0006520_6281_15 cellular amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33709, GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725204 GO:0008483_13174_8 transaminase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725204 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725204 GO:0009072_6281_7 aromatic amino acid family metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725204 GO:0016769_13174_14 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725204 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725208 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725208 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725208 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725208 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC725208 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725210 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC725210 GO:0016272_3650_9 prefoldin complex "A multisubunit chaperone that acts to delivers unfolded proteins to cytosolic chaperonin. In humans, the complex is a heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha and four PFD-beta type subunits." [GOC:jl, PMID:17384227, PMID:9630229] IEA cellular_component LOC725210 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725212 GO:0016998_6281_3 cell wall macromolecule catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725215 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC725218 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725218 GO:0007050_6281_6 cell cycle arrest "A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M)." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC725225 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC725225 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725225 GO:0042246_6281_2 tissue regeneration "The regrowth of lost or destroyed tissues." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC725228 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725230 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC725230 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725230 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725230 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725230 GO:0006352_6281_14 DNA-dependent transcription, initiation "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:jid, GOC:txnOH, PMID:18280161] IEA biological_process LOC725238 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC725238 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725238 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725238 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725240 GO:0006626_6281_5 protein targeting to mitochondrion "The process of directing proteins towards and into the mitochondrion, usually mediated by mitochondrial proteins that recognize signals contained within the imported protein." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC725240 GO:0042719_3650_5 mitochondrial intermembrane space protein transporter complex "Soluble complex of the mitochondrial intermembrane space composed of various combinations of small Tim proteins; acts as a protein transporter to guide proteins to the Tim22 complex for insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane." [PMID:12581629] IEA cellular_component LOC725240 GO:0045039_6281_5 protein import into mitochondrial inner membrane "The process comprising the import of proteins into the mitochondrion from outside the organelle and their insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane. The translocase of the outer membrane complex mediates the passage of these proteins across the outer membrane, after which they are guided by either of two inner membrane translocase complexes into their final destination in the inner membrane." [GOC:mcc, GOC:vw, PMID:18672008] IEA biological_process LOC725245 GO:0005164_13174_2 tumor necrosis factor receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the tumor necrosis factor receptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725245 GO:0005351_13174_8 sugar:hydrogen symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sugar(out) + H+(out) = sugar(in) + H+(in)." [TC:2.A.1.1.-] IEA molecular_function LOC725245 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725245 GO:0006955_6281_5 immune response "Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05] IEA biological_process LOC725245 GO:0009401_6281_6 phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system "The uptake and phosphorylation of specific carbohydrates from the extracellular environment; uptake and phosphorylation are coupled, making the PTS a link between the uptake and metabolism of sugars; phosphoenolpyruvate is the original phosphate donor; phosphoenolpyruvate passes the phosphate via a signal transduction pathway, to enzyme 1 (E1), which in turn passes it on to the histidine protein, HPr; the next step in the system involves sugar-specific membrane-bound complex, enzyme 2 (EII), which transports the sugar into the cell; it includes the sugar permease, which catalyzes the transport reactions; EII is usually divided into three different domains, EIIA, EIIB, and EIIC." [http://www.ucs.mun.ca/~n55lrb/general_pts.html] IEA biological_process LOC725245 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725246 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC725246 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725246 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725246 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725246 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC725247 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725247 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725247 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725251 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725251 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725251 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725254 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725254 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725254 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725255 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725258 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725258 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725262 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC725262 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725262 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725262 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725262 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725264 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725268 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725268 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725268 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725268 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC725268 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725269 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725270 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725270 GO:0008234_13174_15 cysteine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC725274 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725274 GO:0003854_13174_12 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-beta-hydroxy-delta(5)-steroid + NAD+ = a 3-oxo-delta(5)-steroid + NADH + H(+)." [EC:1.1.1.145] IEA molecular_function LOC725274 GO:0006694_6281_12 steroid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725274 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725274 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725274 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725274 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725274 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725274 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725278 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725280 GO:0001558_6281_1 regulation of cell growth "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725280 GO:0005520_13174_1 insulin-like growth factor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an insulin-like growth factor, any member of a group of polypeptides that are structurally homologous to insulin and share many of its biological activities, but are immunologically distinct from it." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725280 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725284 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725286 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725286 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725287 GO:0016972_13174_2 thiol oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4 R'C(R)SH + O2 = 2 R'C(R)S-S(R)CR' + 2 H2O." [EC:1.8.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC725287 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC725287 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725288 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725288 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725289 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725294 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function LOC725294 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725294 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC725294 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725294 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725295 GO:0000042_6281_4 protein targeting to Golgi "The process of directing proteins towards the Golgi; usually uses signals contained within the protein." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725295 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725299 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725299 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725299 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725299 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC725299 GO:0019204_13174_1 nucleotide phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphopolynucleotide + H2O = polynucleotide + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725301 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725301 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725302 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC725302 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725302 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725302 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725302 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725303 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725303 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725306 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725306 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725306 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725306 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725306 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725306 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725308 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC725308 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725308 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725308 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725308 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725308 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725311 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725322 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725322 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725322 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725322 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC725322 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC725323 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725323 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725323 GO:0004003_13174_7 ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; this reaction drives the unwinding of the DNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725323 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725323 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725323 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725323 GO:0016817_13174_10 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725323 GO:0016818_13174_12 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725324 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725324 GO:0004527_13174_12 exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725324 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725324 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725325 GO:0004345_13174_1 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucose 6-phosphate + NADP+ = D-glucono-1,5-lactone 6-phosphate + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.49] IEA molecular_function LOC725325 GO:0006006_6281_2 glucose metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. D-glucose is dextrorotatory and is sometimes known as dextrose; it is an important source of energy for living organisms and is found free as well as combined in homo- and hetero-oligosaccharides and polysaccharides." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725325 GO:0050661_13174_10 NADP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NADP+, or the reduced form, NADPH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725325 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725326 GO:0001522_6281_10 pseudouridine synthesis "The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine within an RNA molecule. This posttranscriptional base modification occurs in tRNA, rRNA, and snRNAs." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725326 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725326 GO:0009451_6281_12 RNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an RNA molecule to produce an RNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:1555811337] IEA biological_process LOC725326 GO:0009982_13174_10 pseudouridine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RNA uridine = RNA pseudouridine. Conversion of uridine in an RNA molecule to pseudouridine by rotation of the C1'-N-1 glycosidic bond of uridine in RNA to a C1'-C5." [EC:5.4.99.12, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725330 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725330 GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725330 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725331 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725331 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725336 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725336 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725336 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725336 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725337 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725337 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725337 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725337 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725337 GO:0006400_6281_7 tRNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within a tRNA molecule to produce a tRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC725337 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725341 GO:0006486_6281_13 protein glycosylation "A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins." [GOC:curators, GOC:pr] IEA biological_process LOC725341 GO:0008378_13174_9 galactosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a galactosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725341 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725343 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725343 GO:0008762_13174_2 UDP-N-acetylmuramate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetylmuramate + NADP+ = UDP-N-acetyl-3-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-D-glucosamine + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.158] IEA molecular_function LOC725343 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725343 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725343 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725343 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725345 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725345 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725345 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725345 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725345 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC725345 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725345 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725345 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725347 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725354 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725358 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725365 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725365 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725366 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725366 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725366 GO:0030414_13174_13 peptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725374 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC725374 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC725374 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC725374 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725374 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC725374 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725376 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725386 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725387 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725387 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725387 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725389 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC725389 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725389 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725389 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725394 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC725394 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725394 GO:0008271_13174_3 secondary active sulfate transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the secondary active transfer of sulfate from one side of the membrane to the other. Secondary active transport is catalysis of the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport] IEA molecular_function LOC725394 GO:0008272_6281_3 sulfate transport "The directed movement of sulfate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process LOC725394 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725394 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725394 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC725396 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725400 GO:0003868_13174_1 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate + O2 = homogentisate + CO2." [EC:1.13.11.27] IEA molecular_function LOC725400 GO:0009072_6281_7 aromatic amino acid family metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725400 GO:0016701_13174_1 oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from one donor, and molecular oxygen is incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725400 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725403 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725403 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725406 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725406 GO:0004427_13174_7 inorganic diphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + H(2)O = H(+) + 2 phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.1, RHEA:24579] IEA molecular_function LOC725406 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC725406 GO:0006796_6281_7 phosphate-containing compound metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the phosphate group, the anion or salt of any phosphoric acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725409 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725409 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC725409 GO:0008253_13174_2 5'-nucleotidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a 5'-ribonucleotide + H2O = a ribonucleoside + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.5] IEA molecular_function LOC725410 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725414 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC725414 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725414 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725415 GO:0005249_13174_12 voltage-gated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC725415 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725415 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725415 GO:0008076_3650_11 voltage-gated potassium channel complex "A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC725415 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725417 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725419 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725420 GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function LOC725420 GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725420 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725421 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725421 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725422 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC725422 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC725422 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725422 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725422 GO:0031424_6281_13 keratinization "The process in which the cytoplasm of the outermost cells of the vertebrate epidermis is replaced by keratin. Keratinization occurs in the stratum corneum, feathers, hair, claws, nails, hooves, and horns." [GOC:dph, GOC:ebc, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC725422 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725423 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725423 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725430 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC725430 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC725430 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725430 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC725430 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725434 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725435 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC725435 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725435 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725438 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC725438 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725438 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725438 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC725439 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725440 GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725440 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725440 GO:0005834_3650_5 heterotrimeric G-protein complex "Any of a family of heterotrimeric GTP-binding and hydrolyzing proteins; they belong to a superfamily of GTPases that includes monomeric proteins such as EF-Tu and RAS. Heterotrimeric G-proteins consist of three subunits; the alpha subunit contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and possesses GTPase activity; the beta and gamma subunits are tightly associated and function as a beta-gamma heterodimer; extrinsic plasma membrane proteins (cytoplasmic face) that function as a complex to transduce signals from G-protein coupled receptors to an effector protein." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC725440 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725440 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC725440 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725440 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC725440 GO:0038032_6281_14 termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The signaling process in which G-protein coupled receptor signaling is brought to an end. For example, through the action of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that act to accelerate hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on G-alpha proteins, thereby terminating the transduced signal." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC725441 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725441 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725441 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725441 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725450 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC725450 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725450 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725450 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725450 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725450 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725453 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725453 GO:0005834_3650_5 heterotrimeric G-protein complex "Any of a family of heterotrimeric GTP-binding and hydrolyzing proteins; they belong to a superfamily of GTPases that includes monomeric proteins such as EF-Tu and RAS. Heterotrimeric G-proteins consist of three subunits; the alpha subunit contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and possesses GTPase activity; the beta and gamma subunits are tightly associated and function as a beta-gamma heterodimer; extrinsic plasma membrane proteins (cytoplasmic face) that function as a complex to transduce signals from G-protein coupled receptors to an effector protein." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC725453 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC725455 GO:0004332_13174_2 fructose-bisphosphate aldolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate = glycerone phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate." [EC:4.1.2.13] IEA molecular_function LOC725455 GO:0006096_6281_14 glycolysis "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0716720094, Wikipedia:Glycolysis] IEA biological_process LOC725458 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725460 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725462 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725462 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC725463 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725465 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC725465 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC725465 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC725465 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725465 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC725465 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725468 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725476 GO:0001104_13174_10 RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function LOC725476 GO:0006357_6281_13 regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725476 GO:0016592_3650_10 mediator complex "A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins." [PMID:11454195, PMID:16168358, PMID:17870225] IEA cellular_component LOC725477 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725477 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725478 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725478 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725481 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725481 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725482 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725482 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725482 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725482 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725492 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725492 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725492 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC725494 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725494 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725494 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725494 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725497 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725497 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function LOC725497 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC725498 GO:0007160_6281_6 cell-matrix adhesion "The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC725500 GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725500 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725500 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725502 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC725502 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725502 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725502 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725502 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725503 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC725503 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC725503 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC725503 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725503 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC725503 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC725503 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725503 GO:0031424_6281_13 keratinization "The process in which the cytoplasm of the outermost cells of the vertebrate epidermis is replaced by keratin. Keratinization occurs in the stratum corneum, feathers, hair, claws, nails, hooves, and horns." [GOC:dph, GOC:ebc, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC725515 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725515 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725515 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725515 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725517 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725517 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725518 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725518 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725518 GO:0004003_13174_7 ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; this reaction drives the unwinding of the DNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725518 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725518 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725518 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC725520 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725520 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725520 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725524 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725524 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725524 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725527 GO:0008121_13174_9 ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: CoQH2 + 2 ferricytochrome c = CoQ + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H+." [EC:1.10.2.2, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725527 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725527 GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC725527 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725533 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC725533 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC725533 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC725533 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725533 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725533 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC725533 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725539 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725539 GO:0016868_13174_4 intramolecular transferase activity, phosphotransferases "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group from one position to another within a single molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725543 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725544 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725546 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725547 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725550 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725550 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725552 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725552 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function LOC725552 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725554 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725562 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725562 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725562 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725563 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725565 GO:0000151_3650_13 ubiquitin ligase complex "A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex." [PMID:9529603] IEA cellular_component LOC725565 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function LOC725565 GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725566 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725566 GO:0005740_3650_5 mitochondrial envelope "The double lipid bilayer enclosing the mitochondrion and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space." [GOC:ai, GOC:pz] IEA cellular_component LOC725566 GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725566 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725566 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725568 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725568 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725569 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC725576 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725579 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725579 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function LOC725579 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725581 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC725581 GO:0005452_13174_2 inorganic anion exchanger activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: inorganic anion A(out) + inorganic anion B(in) = inorganic anion A(in) + inorganic anion B(out)." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725581 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725581 GO:0006820_6281_6 anion transport "The directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725581 GO:0008509_13174_2 anion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a negatively charged ion from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dgf, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC725581 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725581 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725584 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725584 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725584 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725586 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725586 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725586 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725586 GO:0008408_13174_6 3'-5' exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' end." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725589 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725590 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC725590 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725590 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725590 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725590 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725592 GO:0008318_13174_2 protein prenyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the covalent addition of an isoprenoid group such as a farnesyl or geranylgeranyl group via thioether linkages to a cysteine residue in a protein." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725592 GO:0018342_6281_2 protein prenylation "The covalent attachment of a prenyl group to a protein; geranyl, farnesyl, or geranylgeranyl groups may be added." [GOC:di, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725593 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725593 GO:0003777_13174_43 microtubule motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC725593 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725593 GO:0007018_6281_43 microtubule-based movement "A microtubule-based process that is mediated by motor proteins and results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other particles along microtubules." [GOC:cjm, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process LOC725593 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725593 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725593 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725593 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC725593 GO:0030286_3650_16 dynein complex "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725593 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725611 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725611 GO:0001882_13174_2 nucleoside binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:hjd] IEA molecular_function LOC725611 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725611 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725611 GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725611 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725611 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725617 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC725617 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725617 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725617 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC725618 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725618 GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725618 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725619 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725623 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725623 GO:0016798_13174_3 hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any glycosyl bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725626 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725628 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725628 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725629 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC725629 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725629 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725631 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725633 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725633 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function LOC725633 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725633 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725642 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725642 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725642 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725642 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725646 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725646 GO:0016829_13174_6 lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring." [EC:4.-.-.-, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725647 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725647 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725647 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725647 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725653 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725653 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725653 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725654 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725654 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725656 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725656 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC725656 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725656 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725657 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725665 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725665 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725667 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component LOC725670 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC725670 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC725670 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC725670 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725670 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC725670 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725671 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC725671 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725671 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725671 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725671 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725680 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725680 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725680 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725680 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC725682 GO:0019028_3650_3 viral capsid "The protein coat that surrounds the infective nucleic acid in some virus particles. It comprises numerous regularly arranged subunits, or capsomeres." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725685 GO:0000226_6281_11 microtubule cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725685 GO:0000922_3650_5 spindle pole "Either of the ends of a spindle, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules." [GOC:clt] IEA cellular_component LOC725685 GO:0005815_3650_5 microtubule organizing center "A cytoplasmic structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and that can anchor microtubules by interacting with their minus ends, plus ends or sides." [ISBN:0815316194, PMID:17245416] IEA cellular_component LOC725687 GO:0000724_6281_1 double-strand break repair via homologous recombination "The error-free repair of a double-strand break in DNA in which the broken DNA molecule is repaired using homologous sequences. A strand in the broken DNA searches for a homologous region in an intact chromosome to serve as the template for DNA synthesis. The restoration of two intact DNA molecules results in the exchange, reciprocal or nonreciprocal, of genetic material between the intact DNA molecule and the broken DNA molecule." [GOC:elh, PMID:10357855] IEA biological_process LOC725687 GO:0003697_13174_2 single-stranded DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with single-stranded DNA." [GOC:elh] IEA molecular_function LOC725687 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725687 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725687 GO:0007090_6281_1 regulation of S phase of mitotic cell cycle "A cell cycle process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the progression through the S phase of the mitotic cell cycle." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725693 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725693 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725693 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725693 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725694 GO:0001522_6281_10 pseudouridine synthesis "The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine within an RNA molecule. This posttranscriptional base modification occurs in tRNA, rRNA, and snRNAs." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725694 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725694 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725694 GO:0009451_6281_12 RNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an RNA molecule to produce an RNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:1555811337] IEA biological_process LOC725694 GO:0009982_13174_10 pseudouridine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RNA uridine = RNA pseudouridine. Conversion of uridine in an RNA molecule to pseudouridine by rotation of the C1'-N-1 glycosidic bond of uridine in RNA to a C1'-C5." [EC:5.4.99.12, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725697 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725697 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725699 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725700 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725700 GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725702 GO:0006122_6281_5 mitochondrial electron transport, ubiquinol to cytochrome c "The transfer of electrons from ubiquinol to cytochrome c that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex III." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC725702 GO:0008121_13174_9 ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: CoQH2 + 2 ferricytochrome c = CoQ + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H+." [EC:1.10.2.2, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725704 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725705 GO:0006626_6281_5 protein targeting to mitochondrion "The process of directing proteins towards and into the mitochondrion, usually mediated by mitochondrial proteins that recognize signals contained within the imported protein." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC725705 GO:0042719_3650_5 mitochondrial intermembrane space protein transporter complex "Soluble complex of the mitochondrial intermembrane space composed of various combinations of small Tim proteins; acts as a protein transporter to guide proteins to the Tim22 complex for insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane." [PMID:12581629] IEA cellular_component LOC725705 GO:0045039_6281_5 protein import into mitochondrial inner membrane "The process comprising the import of proteins into the mitochondrion from outside the organelle and their insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane. The translocase of the outer membrane complex mediates the passage of these proteins across the outer membrane, after which they are guided by either of two inner membrane translocase complexes into their final destination in the inner membrane." [GOC:mcc, GOC:vw, PMID:18672008] IEA biological_process LOC725706 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725717 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725717 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725718 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC725718 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725720 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC725720 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC725720 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC725720 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725720 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC725720 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725721 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725721 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725721 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725725 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725725 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725725 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725735 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC725735 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725735 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725735 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC725738 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725738 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725739 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725744 GO:0008242_13174_5 omega peptidase activity "Catalysis of the removal of terminal peptide residues that are substituted, cyclized or linked by isopeptide bonds (peptide linkages other than those of alpha-carboxyl to alpha-amino groups)." [EC:3.4.19.-] IEA molecular_function LOC725744 GO:0019538_6281_3 protein metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general. Includes protein modification." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC725745 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725748 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725755 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725756 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725756 GO:0004565_13174_1 beta-galactosidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-D-galactosides." [EC:3.2.1.23] IEA molecular_function LOC725756 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725756 GO:0009341_3650_1 beta-galactosidase complex "A protein complex that possesses beta-galactosidase activity, i.e. catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-D-galactosides. In E. coli, the complex is a homotetramer; dimeric and hexameric beta-galactosidase complexes have been observed in other species." [BRENDA:3.2.1.2, EC:3.2.1.23, PMID:15950161] IEA cellular_component LOC725757 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725757 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC725757 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725757 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725757 GO:0016602_3650_2 CCAAT-binding factor complex "A heteromeric transcription factor complex that binds to the CCAAT-box upstream of promoters; in Saccharomyces it activates the transcription of genes in response to growth in a nonfermentable carbon source; consists of four known subunits: HAP2, HAP3, HAP4 and HAP5." [PMID:7828851] IEA cellular_component LOC725762 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725768 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC725768 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC725768 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725768 GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725769 GO:0004518_13174_9 nuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725769 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725769 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC725770 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725770 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725770 GO:0005942_3650_3 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex "A complex containing a heterodimer of a catalytic subunit and a regulatory (adaptor) subunit of any phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)." [GOC:bf] IEA cellular_component LOC725770 GO:0016303_13174_3 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol + ATP = a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.137, RHEA:12712] IEA molecular_function LOC725770 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725770 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725770 GO:0035004_13174_4 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a phosphatidylinositol = ADP + a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. This reaction is the addition of a phosphate group to phosphatidylinositol or one of its phosphorylated derivatives at the 3' position of the inositol ring." [GOC:bf, PMID:10209156, PMID:9255069] IEA molecular_function LOC725770 GO:0046854_6281_14 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a phosphatidylinositol, any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725770 GO:0048015_6281_3 phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling "A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses a phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling to convert a signal into a response. Phosphatidylinositols include phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725776 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725776 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725777 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725779 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process LOC725779 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725779 GO:0042246_6281_2 tissue regeneration "The regrowth of lost or destroyed tissues." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC725780 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC725780 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725780 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725783 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725786 GO:0004721_13174_4 phosphoprotein phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphoprotein + H2O = a protein + phosphate. Together with protein kinases, these enzymes control the state of phosphorylation of cell proteins and thereby provide an important mechanism for regulating cellular activity." [EC:3.1.3.16, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725786 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725786 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725788 GO:0004872_13174_13 receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725788 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC725788 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725792 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725792 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725792 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725792 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725797 GO:0005739_3650_12 mitochondrion "A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725797 GO:0008137_13174_11 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol." [EC:1.6.5.3] IEA molecular_function LOC725803 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725811 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725811 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725816 GO:0008898_13174_2 homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + L-methionine." [EC:2.1.1.10] IEA molecular_function LOC725817 GO:0004163_13174_1 diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-5-diphosphomevalonate + ATP = ADP + CO(2) + H(+) + isopentenyl diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:4.1.1.33, RHEA:23735] IEA molecular_function LOC725817 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725817 GO:0008299_6281_12 isoprenoid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725817 GO:0016301_13174_14 kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725817 GO:0016310_6281_6 phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725819 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725819 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725819 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725819 GO:0016706_13174_8 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom each of oxygen into both donors "Catalysis of the reaction: A + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = B + succinate + CO2. This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725819 GO:0031418_13174_6 L-ascorbic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with L-ascorbic acid, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate; L-ascorbic acid is vitamin C and has co-factor and anti-oxidant activities in many species." [CHEBI:38290, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725819 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725820 GO:0004629_13174_12 phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phospholipid + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + a phosphatidate." [EC:3.1.4.3, EC:3.1.4.4, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725820 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC725820 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725820 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC725826 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725826 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725826 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725826 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725826 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC725828 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725835 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725835 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725835 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725840 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725841 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC725841 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725841 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725841 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725842 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725845 GO:0005375_13174_3 copper ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of copper (Cu) ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725845 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725845 GO:0035434_6281_3 copper ion transmembrane transport "The directed movement of copper (Cu) ions across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC725858 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725858 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725858 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725858 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725864 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725864 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725870 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725877 GO:0004089_13174_3 carbonate dehydratase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: H2CO3 = CO2 + H2O." [EC:4.2.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC725877 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725881 GO:0005743_3650_6 mitochondrial inner membrane "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae." [GOC:ai] IEA cellular_component LOC725881 GO:0006120_6281_1 mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone "The transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex I." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC725881 GO:0008137_13174_11 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol." [EC:1.6.5.3] IEA molecular_function LOC725885 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725885 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725886 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725887 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725892 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725898 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725899 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725899 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725900 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725900 GO:0015299_13174_5 solute:hydrogen antiporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + H+(in) = solute(in) + H+(out)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725900 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725900 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC725901 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725901 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725901 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725901 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC725901 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725901 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725901 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC725901 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725901 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725901 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725903 GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC725903 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725905 GO:0005681_3650_5 spliceosomal complex "Any of a series of ribonucleoprotein complexes that contain RNA and small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and are formed sequentially during the splicing of a messenger RNA primary transcript to excise an intron." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:19239890] IEA cellular_component LOC725905 GO:0008380_6281_2 RNA splicing "The process of removing sections of the primary RNA transcript to remove sequences not present in the mature form of the RNA and joining the remaining sections to form the mature form of the RNA." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725906 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725906 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725908 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725908 GO:0003908_13174_2 methylated-DNA-[protein]-cysteine S-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: DNA (containing 6-O-methylguanine) + (protein)-L-cysteine = DNA (without 6-O-methylguanine) + protein S-methyl-L-cysteine." [EC:2.1.1.63] IEA molecular_function LOC725908 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725908 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process LOC725909 GO:0004817_13174_2 cysteine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-cysteine + tRNA(Cys) = AMP + diphosphate + L-cysteinyl-tRNA(Cys)." [EC:6.1.1.16] IEA molecular_function LOC725909 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725909 GO:0006423_6281_2 cysteinyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling cysteine to cysteinyl-tRNA, catalyzed by cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC725910 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725910 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725925 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725925 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725925 GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725925 GO:0016706_13174_8 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom each of oxygen into both donors "Catalysis of the reaction: A + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = B + succinate + CO2. This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725925 GO:0031418_13174_6 L-ascorbic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with L-ascorbic acid, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate; L-ascorbic acid is vitamin C and has co-factor and anti-oxidant activities in many species." [CHEBI:38290, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725925 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725928 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725930 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725930 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725931 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC725931 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725941 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725941 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725941 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725945 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725945 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725945 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725945 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725945 GO:0007548_6281_5 sex differentiation "The establishment of the sex of an organism by physical differentiation." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725945 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725945 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725946 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC725946 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725946 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725950 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725950 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC725950 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725950 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725950 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725950 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC725950 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725954 GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725954 GO:0055070_6281_1 copper ion homeostasis "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of copper ions within an organism or cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:jid, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725955 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function LOC725955 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function LOC725955 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process LOC725955 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725963 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725965 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725965 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725967 GO:0004617_13174_1 phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 3-phosphoglycerate + NAD+ = 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate + NADH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.95] IEA molecular_function LOC725967 GO:0006564_6281_3 L-serine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-serine, the L-enantiomer of serine, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid." [CHEBI:17115, GOC:ai, GOC:jsg] IEA biological_process LOC725967 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725967 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725967 GO:0048037_13174_7 cofactor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cofactor, a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein. Cofactors may be inorganic, such as the metal atoms zinc, iron, and copper in certain forms, or organic, in which case they are referred to as coenzymes. Cofactors may either be bound tightly to active sites or bind loosely with the substrate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725967 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725967 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC725970 GO:0005057_13174_4 receptor signaling protein activity "Conveys a signal from an upstream receptor or intracellular signal transducer, converting the signal into a form where it can ultimately trigger a change in the state or activity of a cell." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC725970 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725970 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC725970 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725970 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725970 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC725970 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC725970 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC725978 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725978 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725981 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725981 GO:0006974_6281_1 response to DNA damage stimulus "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725981 GO:0007049_6281_8 cell cycle "The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725981 GO:0048478_6281_1 replication fork protection "Any process that prevents the collapse of stalled replication forks." [GOC:vw, PMID:14560029] IEA biological_process LOC725983 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725983 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725983 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC725983 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725986 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725986 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC725986 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725987 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725987 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725987 GO:0004814_13174_4 arginine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-arginine + tRNA(Arg) = AMP + diphosphate + L-arginyl-tRNA(Arg)." [EC:6.1.1.19] IEA molecular_function LOC725987 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725987 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC725987 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC725987 GO:0006420_6281_4 arginyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling arginine to arginyl-tRNA, catalyzed by arginyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC725989 GO:0019211_13174_2 phosphatase activator activity "Increases the activity of a phosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the removal of a phosphate group from a substrate molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC725991 GO:0005391_13174_5 sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) + K+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) + K+(in)." [EC:3.6.3.9] IEA molecular_function LOC725991 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725991 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC725991 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725991 GO:0046034_6281_10 ATP metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC725993 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC725993 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC725993 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725993 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725993 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725993 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC725993 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725993 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC725994 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC725994 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC725994 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC725994 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC725994 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC725994 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC725997 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC725997 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC725999 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726009 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726017 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726024 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726024 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726024 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726024 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726027 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726027 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726027 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726027 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726027 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC726029 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726034 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726034 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726034 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726034 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726037 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726040 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726040 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726041 GO:0003896_13174_4 DNA primase activity "Catalysis of the synthesis of a short RNA primer on a DNA template, providing a free 3'-OH that can be extended by DNA-directed DNA polymerases. Catalyzed by a DNA-directed RNA polymerase that forms a complex with alpha DNA polymerase." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC726041 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726043 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726045 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726045 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC726045 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726051 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC726051 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC726051 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726051 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726051 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC726051 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726053 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726063 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726063 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726063 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726063 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726064 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726064 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC726064 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726066 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726066 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC726066 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC726073 GO:0000226_6281_11 microtubule cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726073 GO:0000922_3650_5 spindle pole "Either of the ends of a spindle, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules." [GOC:clt] IEA cellular_component LOC726073 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726073 GO:0005815_3650_5 microtubule organizing center "A cytoplasmic structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and that can anchor microtubules by interacting with their minus ends, plus ends or sides." [ISBN:0815316194, PMID:17245416] IEA cellular_component LOC726074 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726074 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726074 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726074 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726077 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726077 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726077 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726077 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726077 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726077 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC726080 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726083 GO:0006835_6281_8 dicarboxylic acid transport "The directed movement of dicarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process LOC726083 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726083 GO:0017153_13174_8 sodium:dicarboxylate symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dicarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = dicarboxylate(in) + Na+(in)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726085 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC726085 GO:0016272_3650_9 prefoldin complex "A multisubunit chaperone that acts to delivers unfolded proteins to cytosolic chaperonin. In humans, the complex is a heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha and four PFD-beta type subunits." [GOC:jl, PMID:17384227, PMID:9630229] IEA cellular_component LOC726085 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726088 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726088 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726089 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726089 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726089 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726089 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726093 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726095 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726095 GO:0008107_13174_1 galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-R = GDP + alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,2)-beta-D-galactosyl-R." [EC:2.4.1.69] IEA molecular_function LOC726095 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726106 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726108 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726108 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726110 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726115 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726115 GO:0008762_13174_2 UDP-N-acetylmuramate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetylmuramate + NADP+ = UDP-N-acetyl-3-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-D-glucosamine + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.158] IEA molecular_function LOC726115 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726115 GO:0016614_13174_28 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726115 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726115 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC726121 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726124 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726124 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726124 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726130 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC726130 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726131 GO:0006626_6281_5 protein targeting to mitochondrion "The process of directing proteins towards and into the mitochondrion, usually mediated by mitochondrial proteins that recognize signals contained within the imported protein." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC726131 GO:0042719_3650_5 mitochondrial intermembrane space protein transporter complex "Soluble complex of the mitochondrial intermembrane space composed of various combinations of small Tim proteins; acts as a protein transporter to guide proteins to the Tim22 complex for insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane." [PMID:12581629] IEA cellular_component LOC726131 GO:0045039_6281_5 protein import into mitochondrial inner membrane "The process comprising the import of proteins into the mitochondrion from outside the organelle and their insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane. The translocase of the outer membrane complex mediates the passage of these proteins across the outer membrane, after which they are guided by either of two inner membrane translocase complexes into their final destination in the inner membrane." [GOC:mcc, GOC:vw, PMID:18672008] IEA biological_process LOC726134 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726134 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726136 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC726136 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726136 GO:0006833_6281_3 water transport "The directed movement of water (H2O) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC726136 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726136 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726136 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC726142 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC726145 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726145 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726147 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726150 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726150 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726151 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726151 GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726151 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726151 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726151 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC726151 GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process LOC726152 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726153 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726153 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726153 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726158 GO:0003840_13174_3 gamma-glutamyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (5-L-glutamyl)-peptide + an amino acid = peptide + 5-L-glutamyl-amino acid." [EC:2.3.2.2] IEA molecular_function LOC726164 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726165 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726165 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726165 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726172 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726172 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726172 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726178 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726179 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726179 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726180 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726180 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726187 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726187 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726187 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726187 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726187 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC726187 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC726187 GO:0030117_3650_12 membrane coat "Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC726187 GO:0030131_3650_9 clathrin adaptor complex "A membrane coat adaptor complex that links clathrin to a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC726188 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726189 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726189 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726189 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726192 GO:0008146_13174_13 sulfotransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate." [EC:2.8.2, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726192 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726195 GO:0005789_3650_10 endoplasmic reticulum membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC726195 GO:0006506_6281_12 GPI anchor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726195 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726195 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726202 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726202 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726204 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726204 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726205 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726212 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726212 GO:0006364_6281_13 rRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC726212 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726212 GO:0008757_13174_1 S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to a substrate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726215 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726215 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726215 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726218 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726218 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726218 GO:0016747_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726220 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726221 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726222 GO:0000276_3650_5 mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) "All non-F1 subunits of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral mitochondrial inner membrane proteins." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component LOC726222 GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726222 GO:0015986_6281_12 ATP synthesis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC726225 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726225 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726225 GO:0016853_13174_10 isomerase activity "Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726225 GO:0030246_13174_13 carbohydrate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates." [CHEBI:16646, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726230 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726230 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726230 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726230 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726233 GO:0004550_13174_4 nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside diphosphate = ADP + nucleoside triphosphate." [EC:2.7.4.6] IEA molecular_function LOC726233 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726233 GO:0006165_6281_4 nucleoside diphosphate phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group into a nucleoside diphosphate to produce a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC726233 GO:0006183_6281_4 GTP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726233 GO:0006228_6281_4 UTP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UTP, uridine (5'-)triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726233 GO:0006241_6281_4 CTP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CTP, cytidine 5'-triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726234 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726235 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726235 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726235 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726237 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC726239 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726239 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC726239 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC726239 GO:0009107_6281_3 lipoate biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipoate, 1,2-dithiolane-3-pentanoate, the anion derived from lipoic acid." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726239 GO:0016415_13174_2 octanoyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an octanoyl (CH3-[CH2]6-CO-) group to an acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726240 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726240 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726241 GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726241 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726247 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726247 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726248 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726250 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726252 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726253 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726253 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726253 GO:0030246_13174_13 carbohydrate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates." [CHEBI:16646, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726253 GO:0030259_6281_1 lipid glycosylation "Covalent attachment of a glycosyl residue to a lipid molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726254 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function LOC726254 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726254 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726254 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726254 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC726254 GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC726254 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726254 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726262 GO:0004016_13174_3 adenylate cyclase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP = 3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate." [EC:4.6.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC726262 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726262 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726262 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726262 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC726265 GO:0016998_6281_3 cell wall macromolecule catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC726278 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726278 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC726280 GO:0000123_3650_2 histone acetyltransferase complex "A protein complex that possesses histone acetyltransferase activity." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC726280 GO:0003712_13174_7 transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a regulatory transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function LOC726280 GO:0003713_13174_4 transcription coactivator activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a activating transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function LOC726280 GO:0004402_13174_4 histone acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone = CoA + acetyl-histone." [EC:2.3.1.48] IEA molecular_function LOC726280 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726280 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726280 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726280 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726280 GO:0016573_6281_2 histone acetylation "The modification of a histone by the addition of an acetyl group." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC726284 GO:0038032_6281_14 termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The signaling process in which G-protein coupled receptor signaling is brought to an end. For example, through the action of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that act to accelerate hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on G-alpha proteins, thereby terminating the transduced signal." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC726285 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726285 GO:0030414_13174_13 peptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726290 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726290 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726291 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726291 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726297 GO:0004129_13174_11 cytochrome-c oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O." [EC:1.9.3.1] IEA molecular_function LOC726302 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726302 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726302 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726303 GO:0008080_13174_18 N-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726303 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726305 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726305 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726306 GO:0004571_13174_5 mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the terminal (1->2)-linked alpha-D-mannose residues in the oligo-mannose oligosaccharide Man(9)(GlcNAc)(2)." [EC:3.2.1.113] IEA molecular_function LOC726306 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726306 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726309 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726310 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726310 GO:0005789_3650_10 endoplasmic reticulum membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC726310 GO:0006506_6281_12 GPI anchor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726310 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726310 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726311 GO:0004190_13174_12 aspartic-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726311 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726317 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726318 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726318 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726318 GO:0016706_13174_8 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom each of oxygen into both donors "Catalysis of the reaction: A + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = B + succinate + CO2. This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726318 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC726325 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC726325 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC726325 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC726325 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726325 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC726325 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726326 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726326 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726326 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726326 GO:0006259_6281_7 DNA metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726326 GO:0008094_13174_2 DNA-dependent ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; this reaction requires the presence of single- or double-stranded DNA, and it drives another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726326 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC726332 GO:0003712_13174_7 transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a regulatory transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function LOC726332 GO:0004402_13174_4 histone acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone = CoA + acetyl-histone." [EC:2.3.1.48] IEA molecular_function LOC726332 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726332 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726332 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726335 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726335 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726335 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726336 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726348 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726348 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726348 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC726349 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function LOC726349 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726349 GO:0007010_6281_12 cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726349 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726350 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726350 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726350 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726350 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726350 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726350 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC726351 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726351 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726351 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726355 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726356 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726356 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726358 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726358 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726362 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726362 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726363 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC726363 GO:0017183_6281_3 peptidyl-diphthamide biosynthetic process from peptidyl-histidine "The modification of peptidyl-histidine to 2'-(3-carboxamido-3-(trimethylammonio)propyl)-L-histidine, known as diphthamide, found in translation elongation factor eEF-2." [RESID:AA0040] IEA biological_process LOC726368 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function LOC726368 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function LOC726368 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726368 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process LOC726368 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726368 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726371 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726371 GO:0017172_13174_1 cysteine dioxygenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-cysteine + O(2) = 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+)." [EC:1.13.11.20, RHEA:20444] IEA molecular_function LOC726371 GO:0046439_6281_1 L-cysteine metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-cysteine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid, i.e. (2R)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid." [CHEBI:17561, GOC:ai, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726371 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC726373 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726373 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726379 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726380 GO:0004671_13174_1 protein C-terminal S-isoprenylcysteine carboxyl O-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein C-terminal S-farnesyl-L-cysteine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein C-terminal S-farnesyl-L-cysteine methyl ester." [EC:2.1.1.100] IEA molecular_function LOC726380 GO:0006481_6281_1 C-terminal protein methylation "The methylation of the C-terminal amino acid of a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC726380 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726384 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726384 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726384 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726384 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726384 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726386 GO:0006400_6281_7 tRNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within a tRNA molecule to produce a tRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC726386 GO:0008479_13174_4 queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA guanine + queuine = tRNA queuine + guanine." [EC:2.4.2.29] IEA molecular_function LOC726386 GO:0008616_6281_4 queuosine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of queuosines, any of a series of nucleosides found in tRNA and having an additional pentenyl ring added via an NH group to the methyl group of 7-methylguanosine. The pentenyl ring may carry other substituents." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726388 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726388 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726389 GO:0004629_13174_12 phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phospholipid + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + a phosphatidate." [EC:3.1.4.3, EC:3.1.4.4, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726389 GO:0006071_6281_4 glycerol metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726389 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC726389 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726389 GO:0008889_13174_3 glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a glycerophosphodiester + H2O = an alcohol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate." [EC:3.1.4.46] IEA molecular_function LOC726389 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC726392 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC726392 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726392 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726392 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC726393 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC726393 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726394 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726395 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC726395 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726395 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726395 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726395 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC726395 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC726396 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726396 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726400 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726400 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726400 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726401 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726401 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726401 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726401 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726401 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process LOC726401 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC726408 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726408 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726409 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function LOC726409 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC726411 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726412 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726412 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC726413 GO:0004045_13174_2 aminoacyl-tRNA hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: N-substituted aminoacyl-tRNA + H2O = N-substituted amino acid + tRNA." [EC:3.1.1.29] IEA molecular_function LOC726418 GO:0004499_13174_4 N,N-dimethylaniline monooxygenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O." [EC:1.14.13.8] IEA molecular_function LOC726418 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726418 GO:0050661_13174_10 NADP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NADP+, or the reduced form, NADPH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726418 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC726419 GO:0006486_6281_13 protein glycosylation "A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins." [GOC:curators, GOC:pr] IEA biological_process LOC726419 GO:0008378_13174_9 galactosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a galactosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726419 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726421 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function LOC726421 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726421 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC726424 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function LOC726424 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC726424 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726427 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726428 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726428 GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726428 GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process LOC726431 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726432 GO:0005096_13174_14 GTPase activator activity "Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726432 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726432 GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC726432 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726432 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726434 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726435 GO:0006614_6281_14 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane "The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process LOC726435 GO:0008312_13174_6 7S RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 7S RNA, the RNA component of the signal recognition particle (SRP)." [GOC:jl, PMID:6181418] IEA molecular_function LOC726435 GO:0048500_3650_6 signal recognition particle "A complex of protein and RNA which facilitates translocation of proteins across membranes." [GOC:mlg] IEA cellular_component LOC726436 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726436 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726436 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726436 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC726436 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC726447 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC726447 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726447 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726447 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726452 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC726452 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726452 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726452 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726454 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC726455 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726455 GO:0006298_6281_7 mismatch repair "A system for the correction of errors in which an incorrect base, which cannot form hydrogen bonds with the corresponding base in the parent strand, is incorporated into the daughter strand. The mismatch repair system promotes genomic fidelity by repairing base-base mismatches, insertion-deletion loops and heterologies generated during DNA replication and recombination." [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11687886] IEA biological_process LOC726455 GO:0030983_13174_6 mismatched DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded DNA containing one or more mismatches." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726458 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726458 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726458 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726461 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726464 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC726464 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726464 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726464 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC726467 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726470 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC726470 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726470 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726471 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726478 GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC726481 GO:0046854_6281_14 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a phosphatidylinositol, any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726482 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function LOC726482 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC726483 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726483 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726483 GO:0004822_13174_2 isoleucine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-isoleucine + ATP + tRNA(Ile) = L-isoleucyl-tRNA(Ile) + AMP + diphosphate + 2 H(+)." [EC:6.1.1.5, RHEA:11063] IEA molecular_function LOC726483 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726483 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC726483 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC726483 GO:0006428_6281_2 isoleucyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling isoleucine to isoleucyl-tRNA, catalyzed by isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC726485 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC726485 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726485 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726485 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726485 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC726485 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC726491 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726491 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726492 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726492 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726492 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726492 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726492 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726494 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726494 GO:0004419_13174_1 hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA = acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA." [EC:4.1.3.4, RHEA:24407] IEA molecular_function LOC726499 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726500 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726500 GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726500 GO:0005850_3650_1 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 complex "Complex of three heterogeneous polypeptide chains, that form a ternary complex with initiator methionyl-tRNA and GTP. This ternary complex binds to free 40S subunit, which subsequently binds the 5' end of mRNA." [PMID:10216940] IEA cellular_component LOC726505 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC726505 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726505 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726505 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726505 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC726505 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC726513 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726513 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726514 GO:0004016_13174_3 adenylate cyclase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP = 3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate." [EC:4.6.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC726514 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726514 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726514 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726514 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC726520 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC726520 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726520 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726520 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726520 GO:0006352_6281_14 DNA-dependent transcription, initiation "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:jid, GOC:txnOH, PMID:18280161] IEA biological_process LOC726522 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726523 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726523 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726523 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726523 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726523 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC726524 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726524 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726524 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726524 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726524 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726524 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726524 GO:0016817_13174_10 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726528 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726528 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726528 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726528 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726529 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726532 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726537 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726537 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726537 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726537 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726538 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726538 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726538 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726538 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726538 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726539 GO:0007034_6281_2 vacuolar transport "The directed movement of substances into, out of or within a vacuole." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC726539 GO:0030904_3650_2 retromer complex "A conserved multimeric membrane-associated complex involved in retrograde transport from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus. For example, the budding yeast retromer comprises Vps35p, Vps29p, Vps26p, Vps5p, and Vps17p." [PMID:9700157] IEA cellular_component LOC726542 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC726542 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726542 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726544 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726544 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726545 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726545 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC726547 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726547 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726547 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726547 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726550 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726550 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726550 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726550 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726554 GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726554 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726554 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726555 GO:0016209_13174_7 antioxidant activity "Inhibition of the reactions brought about by dioxygen (O2) or peroxides. Usually the antioxidant is effective because it can itself be more easily oxidized than the substance protected. The term is often applied to components that can trap free radicals, thereby breaking the chain reaction that normally leads to extensive biological damage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726555 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726555 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC726560 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726560 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC726565 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726565 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726565 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726566 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726566 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726568 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726571 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC726572 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726578 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726578 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC726582 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726584 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726584 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726584 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC726585 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726585 GO:0006633_6281_4 fatty acid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726585 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726585 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726585 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC726586 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726586 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726586 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726586 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726588 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726590 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726590 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726593 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726593 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726593 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726596 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726597 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726597 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726597 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726598 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726598 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726598 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726598 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726599 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726599 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC726599 GO:0008241_13174_4 peptidyl-dipeptidase activity "Catalysis of the release of C-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain." [GOC:mb] IEA molecular_function LOC726599 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726600 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726601 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726601 GO:0006826_6281_3 iron ion transport "The directed movement of iron (Fe) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC726601 GO:0006879_6281_6 cellular iron ion homeostasis "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of iron ions at the level of a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726601 GO:0008199_13174_6 ferric iron binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ferric iron, Fe(III)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726605 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726605 GO:0008234_13174_15 cysteine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC726607 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726607 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC726607 GO:0019001_13174_8 guanyl nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with guanyl nucleotides, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726608 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726608 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726608 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC726611 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726613 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726613 GO:0009405_6281_3 pathogenesis "The set of specific processes that generate the ability of an organism to cause disease in another." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC726614 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC726614 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726618 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726618 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726618 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process LOC726619 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726619 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726619 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726621 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC726623 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726623 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726623 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726625 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726625 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726626 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726626 GO:0004479_13174_1 methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + L-methionyl-tRNA + H2O = tetrahydrofolate + N-formylmethionyl-tRNA." [EC:2.1.2.9] IEA molecular_function LOC726626 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726626 GO:0016742_13174_3 hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a hydroxymethyl- or formyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [EC:2.1.2, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726626 GO:0071951_6281_1 conversion of methionyl-tRNA to N-formyl-methionyl-tRNA "The modification process that results in the conversion of methionine charged on a tRNA(fMet) to N-formyl-methionine-tRNA(fMet)." [GOC:jsg, PMID:5337045] IEA biological_process LOC726627 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726631 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726635 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726635 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726635 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726637 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726637 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC726637 GO:0006914_6281_3 autophagy "The process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation." [ISBN:0198547684, PMID:11099404, PMID:9412464] IEA biological_process LOC726648 GO:0043066_6281_1 negative regulation of apoptotic process "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_apoptosis] IEA biological_process LOC726649 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC726651 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726653 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726661 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726667 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726667 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726670 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726670 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726670 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726672 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC726672 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC726672 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726680 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726680 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726680 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726680 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726680 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC726682 GO:0038032_6281_14 termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The signaling process in which G-protein coupled receptor signaling is brought to an end. For example, through the action of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that act to accelerate hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on G-alpha proteins, thereby terminating the transduced signal." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC726689 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC726689 GO:0016272_3650_9 prefoldin complex "A multisubunit chaperone that acts to delivers unfolded proteins to cytosolic chaperonin. In humans, the complex is a heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha and four PFD-beta type subunits." [GOC:jl, PMID:17384227, PMID:9630229] IEA cellular_component LOC726689 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726692 GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component LOC726692 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726692 GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726699 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726706 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726717 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726717 GO:0005544_13174_4 calcium-dependent phospholipid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phospholipids, a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester, in the presence of calcium." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726718 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC726718 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726719 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726721 GO:0006605_6281_5 protein targeting "The process of targeting specific proteins to particular membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC726721 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726721 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC726721 GO:0015450_13174_5 P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven protein transmembrane transporter activity "Primary active carrier-mediated transport of a protein across a membrane, driven by the hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond of inorganic pyrophosphate, ATP, or another nucleoside triphosphate. The transport protein may or may not be transiently phosphorylated, but the substrate is not phosphorylated." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC726721 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726727 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726727 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726727 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726730 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726730 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726730 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726730 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726730 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726732 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726733 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726735 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726735 GO:0008234_13174_15 cysteine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC726737 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC726738 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726740 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726742 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726742 GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726742 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726742 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726742 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726742 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC726743 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726743 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726743 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726743 GO:0007548_6281_5 sex differentiation "The establishment of the sex of an organism by physical differentiation." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC726743 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726747 GO:0008121_13174_9 ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: CoQH2 + 2 ferricytochrome c = CoQ + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H+." [EC:1.10.2.2, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726748 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726748 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726748 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726755 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC726755 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726759 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726762 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC726762 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726762 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726762 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726762 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC726762 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC726765 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726765 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726765 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC726766 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726766 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726766 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726766 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726766 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726766 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726766 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC726768 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726768 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726768 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726768 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726778 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726778 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726778 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726778 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726778 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726778 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC726780 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726783 GO:0005319_13174_12 lipid transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726783 GO:0006869_6281_13 lipid transport "The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726784 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726784 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726790 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC726790 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC726790 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC726790 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726790 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC726790 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726793 GO:0005319_13174_12 lipid transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726793 GO:0006869_6281_13 lipid transport "The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726798 GO:0004806_13174_2 triglyceride lipase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a fatty acid anion." [EC:3.1.1.3] IEA molecular_function LOC726798 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC726799 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726801 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726801 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC726805 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726806 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726807 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726807 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726807 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC726807 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC726807 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726814 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC726814 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726814 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726814 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726814 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC726814 GO:0022891_13174_9 substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a specific substance or group of related substances from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC726814 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC726819 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726819 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726819 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726819 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726825 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726825 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726825 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726825 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726825 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726828 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726829 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726832 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726833 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726839 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC726839 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726839 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726839 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726839 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC726839 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC726840 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726841 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726842 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726842 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726842 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726843 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726850 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726852 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726852 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726852 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726852 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726852 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726852 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC726853 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726853 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726853 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726854 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726858 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726858 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC726858 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC726858 GO:0019001_13174_8 guanyl nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with guanyl nucleotides, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726859 GO:0008299_6281_12 isoprenoid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726860 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726863 GO:0008146_13174_13 sulfotransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate." [EC:2.8.2, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726870 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726870 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726876 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726876 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726876 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726876 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726876 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726876 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726876 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC726876 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC726876 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726876 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC726876 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726879 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726879 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726879 GO:0006298_6281_7 mismatch repair "A system for the correction of errors in which an incorrect base, which cannot form hydrogen bonds with the corresponding base in the parent strand, is incorporated into the daughter strand. The mismatch repair system promotes genomic fidelity by repairing base-base mismatches, insertion-deletion loops and heterologies generated during DNA replication and recombination." [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11687886] IEA biological_process LOC726879 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC726879 GO:0030983_13174_6 mismatched DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded DNA containing one or more mismatches." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726882 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726882 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726882 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726882 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726882 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726889 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726890 GO:0004089_13174_3 carbonate dehydratase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: H2CO3 = CO2 + H2O." [EC:4.2.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC726890 GO:0006730_6281_4 one-carbon metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the transfer of one-carbon units in various oxidation states." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah, GOC:pde] IEA biological_process LOC726890 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726896 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726896 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726899 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726899 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726899 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726901 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726904 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726904 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726904 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726904 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726904 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726904 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726904 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726906 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726906 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726911 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726911 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726913 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726915 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726916 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC726916 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726916 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726916 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726918 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726918 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726919 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726919 GO:0004814_13174_4 arginine-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-arginine + tRNA(Arg) = AMP + diphosphate + L-arginyl-tRNA(Arg)." [EC:6.1.1.19] IEA molecular_function LOC726919 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726919 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC726919 GO:0006420_6281_4 arginyl-tRNA aminoacylation "The process of coupling arginine to arginyl-tRNA, catalyzed by arginyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716730510] IEA biological_process LOC726922 GO:0000062_13174_4 fatty-acyl-CoA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with acyl-CoA, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with a fatty acyl group." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726929 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726929 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function LOC726932 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function LOC726932 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function LOC726932 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process LOC726932 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726933 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function LOC726936 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC726936 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726941 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726941 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726941 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726941 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC726943 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726943 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726943 GO:0016769_13174_14 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726943 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726944 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC726944 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726944 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726944 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726944 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC726944 GO:0031177_13174_11 phosphopantetheine binding "Interacting selectively with phosphopantetheine, the vitamin pantetheine 4'-(dihydrogen phosphate)." [CHEBI:16858, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC726949 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726953 GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function LOC726953 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function LOC726953 GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC726953 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC726953 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726953 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726955 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726955 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC726955 GO:0008967_13174_3 phosphoglycolate phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phosphoglycolate + H(2)O = glycolate + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.18, RHEA:14372] IEA molecular_function LOC726965 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726966 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC726966 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function LOC726966 GO:0008241_13174_4 peptidyl-dipeptidase activity "Catalysis of the release of C-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain." [GOC:mb] IEA molecular_function LOC726966 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC726968 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC726968 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726969 GO:0008299_6281_12 isoprenoid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC726971 GO:0004601_13174_12 peroxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7] IEA molecular_function LOC726971 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726971 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC726973 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC726973 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC726973 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726977 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726977 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC726977 GO:0015035_13174_7 protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a protein with reduced sulfide groups = a protein with oxidized disulfide bonds." [MetaCyc:DISULFOXRED-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC726977 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC726978 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726978 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726978 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726978 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726989 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726989 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC726993 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726995 GO:0042302_13174_46 structural constituent of cuticle "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cuticle." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726996 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726996 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726996 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726996 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC726999 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC726999 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC726999 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC726999 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727002 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727008 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727008 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727008 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727008 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727015 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727024 GO:0003333_6281_8 amino acid transmembrane transport "The directed movement of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC727024 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727024 GO:0006865_6281_3 amino acid transport "The directed movement of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC727024 GO:0015171_13174_8 amino acid transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Amino acids are organic molecules that contain an amino group and a carboxyl group." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC727024 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC727024 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727024 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC727026 GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727026 GO:0005758_3650_1 mitochondrial intermembrane space "The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the mitochondrial envelope." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component LOC727026 GO:0006825_6281_2 copper ion transport "The directed movement of copper (Cu) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC727026 GO:0016531_13174_1 copper chaperone activity "Assists in the delivery of copper ions to target proteins or compartments." [PMID:10790544, PMID:11739376] IEA molecular_function LOC727030 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function LOC727030 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727030 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727030 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727031 GO:0006904_6281_12 vesicle docking involved in exocytosis "The initial attachment of a vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane, that contributes to exocytosis." [GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC727031 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process LOC727033 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC727033 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727033 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC727034 GO:0016884_13174_4 carbon-nitrogen ligase activity, with glutamine as amido-N-donor "Catalysis of the transfer of the amide nitrogen of glutamine to a variety of substrates. GATases catalyze two separate reactions at two active sites, which are located either on a single polypeptide chain or on different subunits. In the glutaminase reaction, glutamine is hydrolyzed to glutamate and ammonia, which is added to an acceptor substrate in the synthase reaction." [PMID:12360532] IEA molecular_function LOC727047 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC727047 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727050 GO:0004609_13174_1 phosphatidylserine decarboxylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + phosphatidyl-L-serine = CO(2) + phosphatidylethanolamine." [EC:4.1.1.65, RHEA:20831] IEA molecular_function LOC727050 GO:0008654_6281_10 phospholipid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727051 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727051 GO:0004523_13174_5 ribonuclease H activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA in RNA-DNA hybrids to 5'-phosphomonoesters." [EC:3.1.26.4] IEA molecular_function LOC727057 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC727057 GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC727057 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727057 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727057 GO:0009360_3650_1 DNA polymerase III complex "A DNA polymerase complex that contains two complexes of the catalytic alpha, beta, delta and epsilon polymerase/exonuclease subunits, plus the DnaX complex, a heptamer that includes the tau and gamma products of the dnaX gene and confers structural asymmetry that allows the polymerase to replicate both leading and lagging strands." [PMID:11525729, PMID:12940977] IEA cellular_component LOC727057 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC727078 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727078 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC727079 GO:0005158_13174_6 insulin receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin receptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727085 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC727085 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC727085 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727085 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727085 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC727085 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727086 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727088 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC727088 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727088 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727088 GO:0006367_6281_13 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC727088 GO:0045893_6281_4 positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC727097 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727108 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727108 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC727108 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC727108 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC727116 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727116 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727116 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727121 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727122 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC727122 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727123 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727123 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC727123 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727123 GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC727127 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727129 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727129 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727129 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727132 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC727132 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727132 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC727132 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727132 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC727132 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727132 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC727132 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC727135 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727139 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC727140 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC727140 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727143 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC727143 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727144 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727148 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC727148 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727148 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727151 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727162 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC727162 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727162 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component LOC727169 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727178 GO:0004017_13174_4 adenylate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + AMP = 2 ADP." [EC:2.7.4.3] IEA molecular_function LOC727178 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727178 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC727178 GO:0016776_13174_4 phosphotransferase activity, phosphate group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to a phosphate group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727178 GO:0019201_13174_4 nucleotide kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside monophosphate = ADP + nucleoside diphosphate." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727178 GO:0019205_13174_7 nucleobase-containing compound kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP or GTP, to a nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide or polynucleotide substrate." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727178 GO:0046939_6281_4 nucleotide phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a nucleotide to produce a phosphorylated nucleoside." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC727179 GO:0006520_6281_15 cellular amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33709, GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727179 GO:0016597_13174_5 amino acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an amino acid, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727179 GO:0016743_13174_2 carboxyl- or carbamoyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a carboxyl- or carbamoyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727180 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727185 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727185 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727185 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727185 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727189 GO:0008299_6281_12 isoprenoid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727191 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727191 GO:0006777_6281_6 Mo-molybdopterin cofactor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the Mo-molybdopterin cofactor, essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo) ion coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands." [http://www.sunysb.edu/biochem/BIOCHEM/facultypages/schindelin/, ISSN:09498257] IEA biological_process LOC727191 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC727194 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727199 GO:0008137_13174_11 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol." [EC:1.6.5.3] IEA molecular_function LOC727199 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727199 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC727202 GO:0008146_13174_13 sulfotransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate." [EC:2.8.2, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727202 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727224 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC727224 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727229 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727229 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727229 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC727231 GO:0004784_13174_5 superoxide dismutase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 superoxide + 2 H+ = O2 + hydrogen peroxide." [EC:1.15.1.1] IEA molecular_function LOC727231 GO:0006801_6281_6 superoxide metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving superoxide, the superoxide anion O2- (superoxide free radical), or any compound containing this species." [CHEBI:18421, GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC727231 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727231 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC727233 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727233 GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function LOC727233 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC727234 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727234 GO:0004126_13174_2 cytidine deaminase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: cytidine + H2O = uridine + NH3." [EC:3.5.4.5] IEA molecular_function LOC727234 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727234 GO:0009972_6281_2 cytidine deamination "The removal of amino group in the presence of water." [GOC:sm] IEA biological_process LOC727234 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727235 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727235 GO:0046907_6281_7 intracellular transport "The directed movement of substances within a cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC727240 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727240 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727240 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC727251 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC727251 GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC727251 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727256 GO:0001104_13174_10 RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function LOC727256 GO:0006357_6281_13 regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC727256 GO:0016592_3650_10 mediator complex "A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins." [PMID:11454195, PMID:16168358, PMID:17870225] IEA cellular_component LOC727265 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC727265 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727267 GO:0000226_6281_11 microtubule cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727267 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component LOC727269 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727269 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC727269 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727283 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function LOC727283 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function LOC727283 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process LOC727283 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC727284 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC727284 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727285 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727285 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727286 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727286 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727286 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC727286 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC727286 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727286 GO:0008134_13174_12 transcription factor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727286 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC727287 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC727287 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727289 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC727289 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC727289 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727293 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727293 GO:0008892_13174_1 guanine deaminase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: guanine + H2O = xanthine + NH3." [EC:3.5.4.3] IEA molecular_function LOC727293 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727299 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727301 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727301 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727301 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727304 GO:0005795_3650_4 Golgi stack "The set of thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments, called cisternae, that form the central portion of the Golgi complex. The stack usually comprises cis, medial, and trans cisternae; the cis- and trans-Golgi networks are not considered part of the stack." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC727304 GO:0008378_13174_9 galactosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a galactosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727308 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC727315 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727315 GO:0004592_13174_1 pantoate-beta-alanine ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + (R)-pantoate + beta-alanine = AMP + diphosphate + (R)-pantothenate." [EC:6.3.2.1] IEA molecular_function LOC727315 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC727315 GO:0015940_6281_1 pantothenate biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0721662544] IEA biological_process LOC727320 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727321 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC727321 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC727321 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function LOC727321 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727321 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC727321 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727325 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC727325 GO:0006535_6281_2 cysteine biosynthetic process from serine "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine from other compounds, including serine." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC727325 GO:0009001_13174_1 serine O-acetyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + acetyl-CoA = O-acetyl-L-serine + CoA." [EC:2.3.1.30, RHEA:24563] IEA molecular_function LOC727325 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727328 GO:0008610_6281_2 lipid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC727328 GO:0008780_13174_1 acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein]-UDP-N-acetylglucosamine O-acyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + UDP-N-acetylglucosamine = [acyl-carrier protein] + UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-N-acetylglucosamine." [EC:2.3.1.129] IEA molecular_function LOC727328 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727330 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC727330 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC727330 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC727330 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC727331 GO:0038032_6281_14 termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The signaling process in which G-protein coupled receptor signaling is brought to an end. For example, through the action of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that act to accelerate hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on G-alpha proteins, thereby terminating the transduced signal." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process LOC727335 GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function LOC727349 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727352 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC727352 GO:0016769_13174_14 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727352 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727366 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC727366 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727366 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727366 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC727366 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC727369 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC727369 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727369 GO:0048037_13174_7 cofactor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cofactor, a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein. Cofactors may be inorganic, such as the metal atoms zinc, iron, and copper in certain forms, or organic, in which case they are referred to as coenzymes. Cofactors may either be bound tightly to active sites or bind loosely with the substrate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727369 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727369 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC727370 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727370 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC727370 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC727377 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC727377 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727377 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727377 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC727378 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function LOC727378 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process LOC727381 GO:0006388_6281_3 tRNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation "Splicing of tRNA substrates via recognition of the folded RNA structure that brings the 5' and 3' splice sites into proximity and cleavage of the RNA at both the 3' and 5' splice sites by an endonucleolytic mechanism, followed by ligation of the exons." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897, PMID:9582290] IEA biological_process LOC727381 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727381 GO:0031177_13174_11 phosphopantetheine binding "Interacting selectively with phosphopantetheine, the vitamin pantetheine 4'-(dihydrogen phosphate)." [CHEBI:16858, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC727397 GO:0005102_13174_13 receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727397 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727397 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC727397 GO:0016055_6281_9 Wnt receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, PMID:11532397] IEA biological_process LOC727402 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC727402 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727402 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC727402 GO:0016301_13174_14 kinase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727402 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727402 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC727407 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727408 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727411 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727411 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727411 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727415 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function LOC727415 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function LOC727415 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727415 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727415 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process LOC727415 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727418 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727419 GO:0000172_3650_1 ribonuclease MRP complex "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains an RNA molecule of the snoRNA family, and cleaves the rRNA precursor as part of rRNA transcript processing. It also has other roles: In S. cerevisiae it is involved in cell cycle-regulated degradation of daughter cell-specific mRNAs, while in mammalian cells it also enters the mitochondria and processes RNAs to create RNA primers for DNA replication." [GOC:sgd_curators, PMID:10690410, PMID:14729943, PMID:7510714] IEA cellular_component LOC727419 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC727419 GO:0004540_13174_5 ribonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in chains of RNA." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC727419 GO:0006364_6281_13 rRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process LOC727419 GO:0006379_6281_1 mRNA cleavage "Any process in which a pre-mRNA or mRNA molecule is cleaved at specific sites or in a regulated manner." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727419 GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process LOC727419 GO:0030677_3650_1 ribonuclease P complex "A ribonucleoprotein complex that catalyzes cleavage of the leader sequence of precursor tRNAs (pre-tRNAs), generating the mature 5' end of tRNAs." [GOC:mah, PMID:12045094] IEA cellular_component LOC727432 GO:0004864_13174_1 protein phosphatase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a protein phosphatase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes phosphate groups from phosphorylated proteins." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727432 GO:0009966_6281_4 regulation of signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction." [GOC:sm] IEA biological_process LOC727432 GO:0043666_6281_1 regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphate from a phosphoprotein." [GOC:jp, PMID:11724821] IEA biological_process LOC727437 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727439 GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727439 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727439 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727439 GO:0046854_6281_14 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a phosphatidylinositol, any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727447 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC727447 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727451 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC727451 GO:0008705_13174_1 methionine synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (6S)-5-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-homocysteine = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-methionine." [EC:2.1.1.13, RHEA:11175] IEA molecular_function LOC727451 GO:0009086_6281_1 methionine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727452 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727452 GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727452 GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function LOC727454 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727454 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727455 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727456 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727456 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727456 GO:0016853_13174_10 isomerase activity "Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727456 GO:0030246_13174_13 carbohydrate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates." [CHEBI:16646, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC727461 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC727461 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727461 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727461 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC727461 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC727475 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727475 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727476 GO:0000062_13174_4 fatty-acyl-CoA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with acyl-CoA, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with a fatty acyl group." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727476 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727479 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC727479 GO:0008324_13174_13 cation transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of cation from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:dgf, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC727479 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727479 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC727485 GO:0005086_13174_7 ARF guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with the GTPase ARF. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC727485 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC727485 GO:0032012_6281_7 regulation of ARF protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ARF protein signal transduction." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727486 GO:0051087_13174_4 chaperone binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a chaperone protein, a class of proteins that bind to nascent or unfolded polypeptides and ensure correct folding or transport." [http://www.onelook.com] IEA molecular_function LOC727489 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727495 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC727495 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727495 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727495 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC727495 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process LOC727496 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC727496 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727496 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC727496 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727496 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC727498 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727499 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC727499 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC727499 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727499 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC727499 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727499 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process LOC727499 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727499 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC727499 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC727504 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727505 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727516 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727521 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC727521 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727534 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727535 GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function LOC727535 GO:0004568_13174_11 chitinase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins." [EC:3.2.1.14, GOC:bf, GOC:kah, GOC:pde, PMID:11468293] IEA molecular_function LOC727535 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727535 GO:0006032_6281_11 chitin catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727536 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC727537 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function LOC727537 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process LOC727539 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC727539 GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727541 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727541 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC727541 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC727541 GO:0009107_6281_3 lipoate biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipoate, 1,2-dithiolane-3-pentanoate, the anion derived from lipoic acid." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727541 GO:0016415_13174_2 octanoyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an octanoyl (CH3-[CH2]6-CO-) group to an acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727542 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function LOC727542 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727542 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727557 GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727557 GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process LOC727561 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727561 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727561 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727561 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC727561 GO:0006606_6281_4 protein import into nucleus "The directed movement of a protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process LOC727561 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727561 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727564 GO:0008830_13174_2 dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucose = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-L-mannose." [EC:5.1.3.13, RHEA:16972] IEA molecular_function LOC727564 GO:0008879_13174_2 glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + dTTP = diphosphate + dTDP-glucose." [EC:2.7.7.24, RHEA:15228] IEA molecular_function LOC727564 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC727564 GO:0009103_6281_4 lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipopolysaccharides, any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC727564 GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727564 GO:0045226_6281_6 extracellular polysaccharide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides used in extracellular structures." [GOC:ai, GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC727565 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function LOC727565 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727565 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC727565 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727565 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC727566 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727566 GO:0003854_13174_12 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-beta-hydroxy-delta(5)-steroid + NAD+ = a 3-oxo-delta(5)-steroid + NADH + H(+)." [EC:1.1.1.145] IEA molecular_function LOC727566 GO:0006694_6281_12 steroid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC727566 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC727566 GO:0008460_13174_1 dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-glucose = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucose + H(2)O." [EC:4.2.1.46, RHEA:17224] IEA molecular_function LOC727566 GO:0008831_13174_4 dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-6-deoxy-L-mannose + NADP(+) = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-L-mannose + H(+) + NADPH." [EC:1.1.1.133, RHEA:21799] IEA molecular_function LOC727566 GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC727566 GO:0009225_6281_1 nucleotide-sugar metabolic process "The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotide-sugars, any nucleotide in which the distal phosphoric residue of a nucleoside 5'-diphosphate is in glycosidic linkage with a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727566 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727566 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727566 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC727566 GO:0045226_6281_6 extracellular polysaccharide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides used in extracellular structures." [GOC:ai, GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process LOC727566 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727566 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC727568 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727569 GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727574 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function LOC727580 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC727580 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727588 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727588 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC727590 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process LOC727590 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727593 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process LOC727593 GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727618 GO:0008299_6281_12 isoprenoid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process LOC727619 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component LOC727619 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727630 GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727630 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process LOC727630 GO:0033177_3650_11 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, proton-transporting domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and carries out proton transport across a membrane. The proton-transporting domain (F0, V0, or A0) includes integral and peripheral membrane proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component LOC727633 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC727633 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727633 GO:0046168_6281_4 glycerol-3-phosphate catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process LOC727633 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727633 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC727634 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727635 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LOC727635 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727635 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function LOC727635 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function LOC727640 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LOC727640 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LOC727640 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process LOC727640 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LOC727640 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process LOC727643 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component LOC727643 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process LOC727646 GO:0006835_6281_8 dicarboxylic acid transport "The directed movement of dicarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process LOC727646 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component LOC727646 GO:0017153_13174_8 sodium:dicarboxylate symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dicarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = dicarboxylate(in) + Na+(in)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function LOC727648 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process LOC727648 GO:0008236_13174_15 serine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function LOC727669 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function LOC727669 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function LOC727669 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process LOC727669 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component loco GO:0005057_13174_4 receptor signaling protein activity "Conveys a signal from an upstream receptor or intracellular signal transducer, converting the signal into a form where it can ultimately trigger a change in the state or activity of a cell." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function loco GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function loco GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process loco GO:0030695_13174_3 GTPase regulator activity "Modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function loco GO:0038032_6281_14 termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The signaling process in which G-protein coupled receptor signaling is brought to an end. For example, through the action of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that act to accelerate hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on G-alpha proteins, thereby terminating the transduced signal." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process loj GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process loj GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component lok GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function lok GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function lok GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function lok GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function lok GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function lok GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process lok GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Lop1 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process Lop1 GO:0007601_6281_5 visual perception "The series of events required for an organism to receive a visual stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Visual stimuli are detected in the form of photons and are processed to form an image." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Lop1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component lox2 GO:0005044_13174_8 scavenger receptor activity "Combining with any modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or other polyanionic ligand and delivering the ligand into the cell via endocytosis. Ligands include acetylated and oxidized LDL, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, apoptotic cells, beta-amyloid fibrils, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs)." [GOC:bf, PMID:11790542, PMID:12379907, PMID:12621157, PMID:20981357] IEA molecular_function lox2 GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function lox2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component lox2 GO:0016641_13174_1 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, oxygen as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an oxygen molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function lox2 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process lqfR GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LRIG3 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function LRIG3 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LRIG3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function LRIG3 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function LRIG3 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component LRIG3 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process lt GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function lt GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function lt GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process lt GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function lt GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process lva GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function lva GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process lva GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function lwr GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Lys-3 GO:0003796_13174_1 lysozyme activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the beta-(1->4) linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in a peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrins." [EC:3.2.1.17] IEA molecular_function LZTR1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Mad GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Mad GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Mad GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Mad GO:0005667_3650_10 transcription factor complex "A protein complex, distinct from RNA polymerase, that associates with DNA at promoters or at cis-acting regulatory sequences, by direct binding or by interaction with other DNA-binding polypeptides or complexes, and regulates transcription." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Mad GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Mad GO:0007179_6281_7 transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process Madm GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Madm GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Madm GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Madm GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Madm GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Madm GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mael GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Magi GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function mago GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component mamo GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function mamo GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function mamo GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mamo GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function MAPk-Ak2 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function MAPk-Ak2 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function MAPk-Ak2 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function MAPk-Ak2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function MAPk-Ak2 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process MAPk-Ak2 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function MAPKKK9 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function MAPKKK9 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function MAPKKK9 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function MAPKKK9 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function MAPKKK9 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function MAPKKK9 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process MAPKKK9 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function MARCH6 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Marf GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Marf GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Marf GO:0005741_3650_6 mitochondrial outer membrane "The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope." [GOC:ai] IEA cellular_component Marf GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Marf GO:0008053_6281_1 mitochondrial fusion "Merging of two or more mitochondria within a cell to form a single compartment." [PMID:11038192] IEA biological_process Marf GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component mask GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mask GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function MAST2 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function MAST2 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function MAST2 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function MAST2 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function MAST2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function MAST2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function MAST2 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process MAST2 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mav GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function mbc GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mbc GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function MBD-like GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function mbf1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function mbf1 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Mblk-1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Mblk-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function mbo GO:0005351_13174_8 sugar:hydrogen symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sugar(out) + H+(out) = sugar(in) + H+(in)." [TC:2.A.1.1.-] IEA molecular_function mbo GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component mbo GO:0008965_13174_1 phosphoenolpyruvate-protein phosphotransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphoenolpyruvate + protein L-histidine = pyruvate + protein N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine." [EC:2.7.3.9] IEA molecular_function mbo GO:0009401_6281_6 phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system "The uptake and phosphorylation of specific carbohydrates from the extracellular environment; uptake and phosphorylation are coupled, making the PTS a link between the uptake and metabolism of sugars; phosphoenolpyruvate is the original phosphate donor; phosphoenolpyruvate passes the phosphate via a signal transduction pathway, to enzyme 1 (E1), which in turn passes it on to the histidine protein, HPr; the next step in the system involves sugar-specific membrane-bound complex, enzyme 2 (EII), which transports the sugar into the cell; it includes the sugar permease, which catalyzes the transport reactions; EII is usually divided into three different domains, EIIA, EIIB, and EIIC." [http://www.ucs.mun.ca/~n55lrb/general_pts.html] IEA biological_process Mbs GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function mbt GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function mbt GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function mbt GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function mbt GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function mbt GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mbt GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process mbt GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Mcm10 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Mcm10 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Mcm3 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Mcm3 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Mcm3 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Mcm3 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Mcm3 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Mcm5 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Mcm5 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Mcm5 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Mcm5 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Mcm5 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Mcm7 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Mcm7 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Mcm7 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Mcm7 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Mcm7 GO:0015979_6281_4 photosynthesis "The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide (CO2) using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Mcm7 GO:0015995_6281_4 chlorophyll biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, from less complex precursors." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Mcm7 GO:0016851_13174_4 magnesium chelatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H(2)O + Mg(2+) + protoporphyrin IX = ADP + 2 H(+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX + phosphate." [EC:6.6.1.1, RHEA:13964] IEA molecular_function Mcm7 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Mcm7 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Mctp GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Mdh GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Mdh GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Mdh GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Mdh GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Mdh GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process MED14 GO:0001104_13174_10 RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function MED14 GO:0006357_6281_13 regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process MED14 GO:0016592_3650_10 mediator complex "A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins." [PMID:11454195, PMID:16168358, PMID:17870225] IEA cellular_component MED15 GO:0003712_13174_7 transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a regulatory transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function MED15 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process MED16 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function MED26 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function MED26 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component MED26 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process MED31 GO:0001104_13174_10 RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function MED31 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process MED31 GO:0016592_3650_10 mediator complex "A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins." [PMID:11454195, PMID:16168358, PMID:17870225] IEA cellular_component MED6 GO:0001104_13174_10 RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function MED6 GO:0006357_6281_13 regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process MED6 GO:0016592_3650_10 mediator complex "A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins." [PMID:11454195, PMID:16168358, PMID:17870225] IEA cellular_component MED7 GO:0001104_13174_10 RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function MED7 GO:0006357_6281_13 regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process MED7 GO:0016592_3650_10 mediator complex "A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins." [PMID:11454195, PMID:16168358, PMID:17870225] IEA cellular_component Mef2 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Mef2 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mei-41 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function mei-41 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function mei-41 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mei-41 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function mei-W68 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function mei-W68 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mei-W68 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mei-W68 GO:0005694_3650_11 chromosome "A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component mei-W68 GO:0006259_6281_7 DNA metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Mekk1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Mekk1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Mekk1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Mekk1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Mekk1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Mekk1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Melt GO:0004860_13174_1 protein kinase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a protein kinase, an enzyme which phosphorylates a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Melt GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component membrin GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process membrin GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Men GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Men GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Men GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Men GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Men GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Mer GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Mer GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component Mer GO:0008092_13174_4 cytoskeletal protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein component of any cytoskeleton (actin, microtubule, or intermediate filament cytoskeleton)." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Mer GO:0019898_3650_3 extrinsic to membrane "Loosely bound to one surface of a membrane, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Mes-4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Mes-4 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Mes-4 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Mes-4 GO:0018024_13174_10 histone-lysine N-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives." [EC:2.1.1.43, RESID:AA0074, RESID:AA0075, RESID:AA0076] IEA molecular_function Metap2 GO:0004177_13174_10 aminopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal amino acid residues from in a polypeptide chain." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Metap2 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Metap2 GO:0008235_13174_9 metalloexopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the N- or C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#EXOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Metap2 GO:0009987_6281_8 cellular process "Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] IEA biological_process metl GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process metl GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Mgat1 GO:0000139_3650_4 Golgi membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Mgat1 GO:0003827_13174_1 alpha-1,3-mannosylglycoprotein 2-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 3-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-beta-D-mannosyl-R + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine = 3-(2-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]-alpha-D-mannosyl)-beta-D-mannosyl-R + H(+) + UDP." [EC:2.4.1.101, RHEA:11459] IEA molecular_function Mgat1 GO:0006487_6281_1 protein N-linked glycosylation "A protein glycosylation process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via the N4 atom of peptidyl-asparagine, the omega-N of arginine, or the N1' atom peptidyl-tryptophan." [GOC:pr, RESID:AA0151, RESID:AA0156, RESID:AA0327] IEA biological_process Mgat2 GO:0005795_3650_4 Golgi stack "The set of thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments, called cisternae, that form the central portion of the Golgi complex. The stack usually comprises cis, medial, and trans cisternae; the cis- and trans-Golgi networks are not considered part of the stack." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Mgat2 GO:0008455_13174_1 alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein 2-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + alpha-D-mannosyl-1,6-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,2-alpha-D-mannosyl-1,3)-beta-D-mannosyl-R = UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,2-alpha-D-mannosyl-1,6-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,2-alpha-D-mannosyl-1,3)-beta-D-mannosyl-R." [EC:2.4.1.143] IEA molecular_function Mgat2 GO:0009312_6281_1 oligosaccharide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of oligosaccharides, molecules with between two and (about) 20 monosaccharide residues connected by glycosidic linkages." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Mgat2 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component mGlutR1 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function mGlutR1 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process mGlutR1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component mGlutR2 GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function mGlutR2 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process mGlutR2 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Mhc1 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Mhc1 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Mhc1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Mhc1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Mhc1 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Mhc1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Mhc1 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Mhc1 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component Mhc1 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Mhc2 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Mhc2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Mhc2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Mhc2 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component Mib GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function Mib GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Mib GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Mib GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Mib GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Mical GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Mical GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Mical GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Mical GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Mical GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Mical GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process MICAL-like GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function MICAL-like GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function mio GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Miro GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Miro GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Miro GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Miro GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Miro GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Miro GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Miro GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Miro GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component mirr GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function mirr GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function mirr GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function mirr GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component mirr GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process mirr GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Mkk4 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Mkk4 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Mkk4 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Mkk4 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Mkk4 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Mkk4 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Mkp3 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Mkp3 GO:0008138_13174_15 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Mkp3 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Mkp3 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function MKP-4 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function MKP-4 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process MKP-4 GO:0008138_13174_15 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function MKP-4 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process MKP-4 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function Mkrn1 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Mkrn1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Mkrn1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Mlc2 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Mlc-c GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function mle GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function mle GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function mle GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mle GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mle GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mle GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function MLH1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function MLH1 GO:0006298_6281_7 mismatch repair "A system for the correction of errors in which an incorrect base, which cannot form hydrogen bonds with the corresponding base in the parent strand, is incorporated into the daughter strand. The mismatch repair system promotes genomic fidelity by repairing base-base mismatches, insertion-deletion loops and heterologies generated during DNA replication and recombination." [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11687886] IEA biological_process MLH1 GO:0030983_13174_6 mismatched DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded DNA containing one or more mismatches." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mmd GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function mmd GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function mmd GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process mmd GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Mms19 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Mms19 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function mmy GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process mmy GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Mnx1 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Mnx1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Mnx1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Mnx1 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Mnx1 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Mocs1 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Mocs1 GO:0006777_6281_6 Mo-molybdopterin cofactor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the Mo-molybdopterin cofactor, essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo) ion coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands." [http://www.sunysb.edu/biochem/BIOCHEM/facultypages/schindelin/, ISSN:09498257] IEA biological_process Mocs1 GO:0019008_3650_1 molybdopterin synthase complex "A protein complex that possesses molybdopterin synthase activity. In E. coli, the complex is a heterotetramer consisting of two MoaD and two MoaE subunits." [GOC:mah, PMID:12571227, PMID:15709772] IEA cellular_component Mocs1 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Mocs1 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Mocs1 GO:0051539_13174_10 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 4 iron, 4 sulfur (4Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of four iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function Mocs2 GO:0006777_6281_6 Mo-molybdopterin cofactor biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the Mo-molybdopterin cofactor, essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo) ion coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands." [http://www.sunysb.edu/biochem/BIOCHEM/facultypages/schindelin/, ISSN:09498257] IEA biological_process Moe GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Moe GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component Moe GO:0008092_13174_4 cytoskeletal protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein component of any cytoskeleton (actin, microtubule, or intermediate filament cytoskeleton)." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Moe GO:0019898_3650_3 extrinsic to membrane "Loosely bound to one surface of a membrane, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component mof GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mof GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component mof GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process mof GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function mof GO:0016747_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function morgue GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function morgue GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function MOX-2 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function MOX-2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function MOX-2 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component MOX-2 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process MOX-2 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Mp20 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function mre11 GO:0004519_13174_5 endonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by creating internal breaks." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function mre11 GO:0004527_13174_12 exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function mre11 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component mre11 GO:0006259_6281_7 DNA metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process mre11 GO:0006302_6281_1 double-strand break repair "The repair of double-strand breaks in DNA via homologous and nonhomologous mechanisms to reform a continuous DNA helix." [GOC:elh] IEA biological_process mre11 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mre11 GO:0030145_13174_4 manganese ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with manganese (Mn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function MrgBP GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component MrgBP GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process MrgBP GO:0043189_3650_1 H4/H2A histone acetyltransferase complex "A multisubunit complex that catalyzes the acetylation of histones H4 and H2A." [GOC:mah, GOC:rb] IEA cellular_component mr GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mr GO:0031461_3650_6 cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complex "Any ubiquitin ligase complex in which the catalytic core consists of a member of the cullin family and a RING domain protein; the core is associated with one or more additional proteins that confer substrate specificity." [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063] IEA cellular_component mr GO:0031625_13174_6 ubiquitin protein ligase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins." [GOC:vp] IEA molecular_function Mrjp4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function mRNA-capping-enzyme GO:0003910_13174_5 DNA ligase (ATP) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + deoxyribonucleotide(n) + deoxyribonucleotide(m) = AMP + diphosphate + deoxyribonucleotide(n+m)." [EC:6.5.1.1] IEA molecular_function mRNA-capping-enzyme GO:0004484_13174_2 mRNA guanylyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + (5')pp-Pur-mRNA = diphosphate + G(5')ppp-Pur-mRNA; G(5')ppp-Pur-mRNA is mRNA containing a guanosine residue linked 5' through three phosphates to the 5' position of the terminal residue." [EC:2.7.7.50] IEA molecular_function mRNA-capping-enzyme GO:0004651_13174_1 polynucleotide 5'-phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-phosphopolynucleotide + H2O = polynucleotide + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.33] IEA molecular_function mRNA-capping-enzyme GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function mRNA-capping-enzyme GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mRNA-capping-enzyme GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component mRNA-capping-enzyme GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process mRNA-capping-enzyme GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process mRNA-capping-enzyme GO:0006370_6281_3 7-methylguanosine mRNA capping "Addition of the 7-methylguanosine cap to the 5' end of a nascent messenger RNA transcript." [GOC:mah, PMID:9266685] IEA biological_process mRNA-capping-enzyme GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process mRNA-capping-enzyme GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process mRNA-capping-enzyme GO:0008138_13174_15 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRNA-capping-enzyme GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process mRNA-capping-enzyme GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function mRpL13 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL13 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL13 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpL14 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL14 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL14 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpL16 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL16 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL16 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpL17 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL17 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL17 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL17 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpL1 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL1 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL1 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpL1 GO:0015934_3650_6 large ribosomal subunit "The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL20 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL20 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL20 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL20 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpL20 GO:0019843_13174_4 rRNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ribosomal RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function mRpL22 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL22 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL22 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL22 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpL24 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL24 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL24 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL24 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpL27 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL27 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL27 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL27 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpL2 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL2 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL2 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL2 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpL30 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL30 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL30 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpL35 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL35 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL35 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL35 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpL39 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function mRpL3 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL3 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL3 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL3 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpL44 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL44 GO:0004525_13174_5 ribonuclease III activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA with 5'-phosphomonoesters and 3'-OH termini; makes two staggered cuts in both strands of dsRNA, leaving a 3' overhang of 2 nt." [PMID:11157775, PMID:15242644] IEA molecular_function mRpL44 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process mRpL45 GO:0005744_3650_2 mitochondrial inner membrane presequence translocase complex "The protein transport machinery of the mitochondrial inner membrane that contains three essential Tim proteins: Tim17 and Tim23 are thought to build a preprotein translocation channel while Tim44 interacts transiently with the matrix heat-shock protein Hsp70 to form an ATP-driven import motor." [EC:3.6.3.51, PMID:8851659] IEA cellular_component mRpL45 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process mRpL45 GO:0015450_13174_5 P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven protein transmembrane transporter activity "Primary active carrier-mediated transport of a protein across a membrane, driven by the hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond of inorganic pyrophosphate, ATP, or another nucleoside triphosphate. The transport protein may or may not be transiently phosphorylated, but the substrate is not phosphorylated." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function mRpL46 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mRpL47 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL47 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL47 GO:0005761_3650_1 mitochondrial ribosome "A ribosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell; contains a characteristic set of proteins distinct from those of cytosolic ribosomes." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL47 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL47 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpL48 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL48 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL48 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL48 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpL4 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpL4 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpL4 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpS11 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpS11 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS11 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS11 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpS12 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpS12 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS12 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS12 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpS12 GO:0015935_3650_10 small ribosomal subunit "The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component mRpS14 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpS14 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS14 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS14 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpS16 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpS16 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS16 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS16 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpS18A GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpS18A GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS18A GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS18A GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpS18B GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpS18B GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS18B GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS18B GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpS2 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpS2 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS2 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS2 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpS2 GO:0015935_3650_10 small ribosomal subunit "The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component mRpS30 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpS30 GO:0005739_3650_12 mitochondrion "A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS30 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS30 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpS5 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpS5 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS5 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS5 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpS6 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpS6 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mRpS6 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mRpS6 GO:0019843_13174_4 rRNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ribosomal RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function mRpS7 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpS7 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mRpS7 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Msh6 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Msh6 GO:0006298_6281_7 mismatch repair "A system for the correction of errors in which an incorrect base, which cannot form hydrogen bonds with the corresponding base in the parent strand, is incorporated into the daughter strand. The mismatch repair system promotes genomic fidelity by repairing base-base mismatches, insertion-deletion loops and heterologies generated during DNA replication and recombination." [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11687886] IEA biological_process Msh6 GO:0030983_13174_6 mismatched DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded DNA containing one or more mismatches." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function msl-3 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component msn GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function msn GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function msn GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function msn GO:0005083_13174_8 small GTPase regulator activity "Modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a small monomeric GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function msn GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function msn GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process msn GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function msps GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function msps GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function MsrA GO:0016671_13174_2 oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, disulfide as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces disulfide." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function MsrA GO:0019538_6281_3 protein metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general. Includes protein modification." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process MsrA GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process MsrB GO:0008113_13174_1 peptide-methionine-(S)-S-oxide reductase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: peptide-L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = peptide-L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + thioredoxin, and L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + thioredoxin." [EC:1.8.4.11, PMID:11169920] IEA molecular_function MsrB GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Msx GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Msx GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Msx GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Msx GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Msx GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function MTA1-like GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function MTA1-like GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function MTA1-like GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function MTA1-like GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component MTA1-like GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process MTA1-like GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function MTA1-like GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function mtacp1 GO:0000036_13174_6 ACP phosphopantetheine attachment site binding involved in fatty acid biosynthetic process "Interacting selectively with the attachment site of the phosphopantetheine prosthetic group of an acyl carrier protein (ACP) as part of the process of fatty acid biosynthesis." [CHEBI:22221, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function mtacp1 GO:0048037_13174_7 cofactor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cofactor, a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein. Cofactors may be inorganic, such as the metal atoms zinc, iron, and copper in certain forms, or organic, in which case they are referred to as coenzymes. Cofactors may either be bound tightly to active sites or bind loosely with the substrate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mt:CoIII GO:0005886_3650_17 plasma membrane "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA cellular_component mt:CoIII GO:0008827_13174_1 cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquinol + O2 = ubiquinone + 2 H2O; cytochrome O is the electron acceptor." [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:CYT-UBIQUINOL-OXID-RXN] IEA molecular_function mt:CoIII GO:0015002_13174_1 heme-copper terminal oxidase activity "Catalysis of the four-electron reduction of dioxygen (O2) to water, coupled to generation of a proton electrochemical gradient across a membrane." [GOC:kd] IEA molecular_function mt:CoIII GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component mt:CoIII GO:0019646_6281_1 aerobic electron transport chain "A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to oxygen to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_electron_transport] IEA biological_process mtg GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component mtg GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process mtg GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function MTMR2 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function MTMR2 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process MTMR2 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function Mtor GO:0005643_3650_7 nuclear pore "Any of the numerous similar discrete openings in the nuclear envelope of a eukaryotic cell, where the inner and outer nuclear membranes are joined." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Mtor GO:0006606_6281_4 protein import into nucleus "The directed movement of a protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Mtor GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Mtor GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Mtp GO:0005319_13174_12 lipid transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Mtp GO:0006869_6281_13 lipid transport "The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process mts GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mtSSB GO:0003697_13174_2 single-stranded DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with single-stranded DNA." [GOC:elh] IEA molecular_function mtSSB GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process mtTFB1 GO:0000154_6281_3 rRNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an rRNA molecule to produce an rRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process mtTFB1 GO:0000179_13174_3 rRNA (adenine-N6,N6-)-dimethyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the dimethylation two adjacent A residues in the loop closing the 3'-terminal stem of the 18S rRNA, using S-adenosyl-L-methionine as a methyl donor." [ISBN:1555811337, PMID:10690410] IEA molecular_function mtTFB1 GO:0003712_13174_7 transcription cofactor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a regulatory transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function mtTFB1 GO:0005739_3650_12 mitochondrion "A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component mtTFB1 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process mtTFB1 GO:0008649_13174_3 rRNA methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to a nucleoside residue in an rRNA molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function mtTFB1 GO:0031167_6281_2 rRNA methylation "The posttranscriptional addition of methyl groups to specific residues in an rRNA molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process mud GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function mud GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function mud GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component mud GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process mud GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process mud GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component mud GO:0019538_6281_3 protein metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general. Includes protein modification." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process mud GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function mus209 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function mus209 GO:0006275_6281_1 regulation of DNA replication "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process mus209 GO:0030337_13174_1 DNA polymerase processivity factor activity "An enzyme regulator activity that increases the processivity of polymerization by DNA polymerase, by allowing the polymerase to move rapidly along DNA while remaining topologically bound to it." [GOC:mah, PMID:7903401, PMID:8087839] IEA molecular_function mus209 GO:0043626_3650_1 PCNA complex "A protein complex composed of three identical PCNA monomers, each comprising two similar domains, which are joined in a head-to-tail arrangement to form a homotrimer. Forms a ring-like structure in solution, with a central hole sufficiently large to accommodate the double helix of DNA. Originally characterized as a DNA sliding clamp for replicative DNA polymerases and as an essential component of the replisome, and has also been shown to be involved in other processes including Okazaki fragment processing, DNA repair, translesion DNA synthesis, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling and cell cycle regulation." [GOC:jl, PMID:12829735] IEA cellular_component mus308 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function mus308 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function mus308 GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function mus308 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mus308 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mus308 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process mus308 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function mus309 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function mus309 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mus309 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mus309 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process mus309 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function mus81 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function mus81 GO:0004518_13174_9 nuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function mus81 GO:0006259_6281_7 DNA metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process muskelin GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function muskelin GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process Mvl GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function Mvl GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Mvl GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component mwh GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function mwh GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function mwh GO:0016043_6281_8 cellular component organization "A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component." [GOC:ai, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Mxp GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Mxp GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Mxp GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Mxp GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Mxp GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Mxp GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Myb GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Myb GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function MYCBP2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function MYCBP2 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Myd88 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Myd88 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Myd88 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Myo15 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Myo15 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Myo15 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Myo15 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component Myo15 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component Myo18 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Myo18 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Myo18 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Myo18 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component Myo1A GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Myo1A GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Myo1A GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Myo1A GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component Myo1B GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Myo1B GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Myo1B GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Myo1B GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Myo1B GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component Myo1B GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Myo20 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Myo20 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Myo20 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Myo20 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component Myo21 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Myo21 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Myo21 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Myo21 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Myo21 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Myo21 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Myo21 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Myo21 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component Myo21 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Myo22 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Myo22 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Myo22 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Myo22 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component Myo22 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Myo22 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component Myo3 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Myo3 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Myo3 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Myo3 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Myo3 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Myo3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Myo3 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Myo3 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Myo3 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process Myo3 GO:0015629_3650_9 actin cytoskeleton "The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Myo3 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component Myo3 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Myo5 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Myo5 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Myo5 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Myo5 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Myo5 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Myo5 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Myo5 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component Myo5 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Myo5 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Myo6 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Myo6 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Myo6 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Myo6 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component Myo7 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Myo7 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Myo7 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function Myo7 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Myo7 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Myo7 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component Myo7 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Myo7 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component Myo7 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Myo9 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Myo9 GO:0003774_13174_27 motor activity "Catalysis of movement along a polymeric molecule such as a microfilament or microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Myo9 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Myo9 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Myo9 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Myo9 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Myo9 GO:0016459_3650_25 myosin complex "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] IEA cellular_component Myo9 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Myo9 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process nAChRa1 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function nAChRa1 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process nAChRa1 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process nAChRa1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component nAChRa1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component nAChRa1 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component nAChRa2 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function nAChRa2 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process nAChRa2 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process nAChRa2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component nAChRa2 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component nAChRa2 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component nAChRa3 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function nAChRa3 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process nAChRa3 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process nAChRa3 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component nAChRa3 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component nAChRa3 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component nAChRa4 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process nAChRa4 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component nAChRa5 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function nAChRa5 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process nAChRa5 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process nAChRa5 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component nAChRa5 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component nAChRa5 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component nAChRa6 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function nAChRa6 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process nAChRa6 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process nAChRa6 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component nAChRa6 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component nAChRa6 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component nAChRa7 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function nAChRa7 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process nAChRa7 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process nAChRa7 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component nAChRa7 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component nAChRa7 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component nAChRa8 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function nAChRa8 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process nAChRa8 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process nAChRa8 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component nAChRa8 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component nAChRa8 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component nAChRa9 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function nAChRa9 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process nAChRa9 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component nAChRb1 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function nAChRb1 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process nAChRb1 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process nAChRb1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component nAChRb1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component nAChRb1 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component nAChRb2 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function nAChRb2 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process nAChRb2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component nahoda GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Nak GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Nak GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Nak GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Nak GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Nak GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Nak GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Nan GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Nan GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Nan GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Nan GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Nan GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process nanos GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function nanos GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function nanos GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function nanos GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process nanos GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function NaPi-T GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component NaPi-T GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process nau GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function nau GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component nau GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process nau GO:0007517_6281_1 muscle organ development "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The muscle is an organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical work." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process NBAS GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function NBEA GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function NBEA GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function nbs GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function NC2beta GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function NC2beta GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component NC2beta GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Ncc69 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ncc69 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ncc69 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Ncc69 GO:0006821_6281_7 chloride transport "The directed movement of chloride into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process Ncc69 GO:0015377_13174_3 cation:chloride symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: cation(out) + Cl-(out) = cation(in) + Cl-(in)." [TC:2.A.30.-.-] IEA molecular_function Ncc69 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Ncc69 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Ncc69 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Ncc69 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process nct GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component nct GO:0016485_6281_2 protein processing "Any protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. Protein maturation is the process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein." [GOC:curators, GOC:jl, GOC:jsg] IEA biological_process Ndg GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ndg GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ndg GO:0007160_6281_6 cell-matrix adhesion "The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Ndufa10 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ndufa10 GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Ndufa10 GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Ndufa5 GO:0005743_3650_6 mitochondrial inner membrane "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae." [GOC:ai] IEA cellular_component Ndufa5 GO:0016651_13174_7 oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ndufa5 GO:0022904_6281_2 respiratory electron transport chain "A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient." [GOC:mtg_electron_transport, ISBN:0716720094] IEA biological_process Ndufa9 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ndufa9 GO:0003854_13174_12 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-beta-hydroxy-delta(5)-steroid + NAD+ = a 3-oxo-delta(5)-steroid + NADH + H(+)." [EC:1.1.1.145] IEA molecular_function Ndufa9 GO:0006694_6281_12 steroid biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Ndufa9 GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ndufa9 GO:0044237_6281_24 cellular metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Ndufa9 GO:0050662_13174_19 coenzyme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ndufa9 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Ndufs1 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ndufs1 GO:0016651_13174_7 oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ndufs1 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ndufs1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Ndufs2 GO:0016651_13174_7 oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ndufs2 GO:0048038_13174_2 quinone binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a quinone, any member of a class of diketones derivable from aromatic compounds by conversion of two CH groups into CO groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ndufs2 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ndufs2 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Ndufs3 GO:0008137_13174_11 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol." [EC:1.6.5.3] IEA molecular_function Ndufs3 GO:0016651_13174_7 oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ndufs3 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Ndufs4 GO:0005743_3650_6 mitochondrial inner membrane "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae." [GOC:ai] IEA cellular_component Ndufs4 GO:0016651_13174_7 oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ndufs4 GO:0022900_6281_4 electron transport chain "A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient." [GOC:mtg_electron_transport] IEA biological_process Ndufs7 GO:0008137_13174_11 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol." [EC:1.6.5.3] IEA molecular_function Ndufs7 GO:0048038_13174_2 quinone binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a quinone, any member of a class of diketones derivable from aromatic compounds by conversion of two CH groups into CO groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ndufs7 GO:0051539_13174_10 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 4 iron, 4 sulfur (4Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of four iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function Ndufs7 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Ndufs8 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ndufs8 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Ndufs8 GO:0016651_13174_7 oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ndufs8 GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ndufs8 GO:0051539_13174_10 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 4 iron, 4 sulfur (4Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of four iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function Ndufs8 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Ndufv1 GO:0008137_13174_11 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol." [EC:1.6.5.3] IEA molecular_function Ndufv1 GO:0010181_13174_8 FMN binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FMN, flavin mononucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes." [GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Ndufv1 GO:0016651_13174_7 oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ndufv1 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ndufv1 GO:0051539_13174_10 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 4 iron, 4 sulfur (4Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of four iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function Ndufv1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Ndufv2 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ndufv2 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ndufv2 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Nedd4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Nedd4 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Nedd4 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Nedd4 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Nedd9 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Nelf-E GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function nemy GO:0004359_13174_1 glutaminase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamine + H2O = L-glutamate + NH3." [EC:3.5.1.2] IEA molecular_function nemy GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function nemy GO:0006541_6281_2 glutamine metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Neos GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Neos GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Neos GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Nep1 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Nep1 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Nep1 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function Nep2 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Nep2 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Nep2 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function Nep3 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Nep3 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Nep3 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function Nep4 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Nep4 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Nep4 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function Nep5 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Nep5 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Nep5 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function neur GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function neur GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Neurochondrin GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Nf1 GO:0005096_13174_14 GTPase activator activity "Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Nf1 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Nf1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Nf1 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Nf1 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process NFAT GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function NFAT GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function NFAT GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component NFAT GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Nf-YB GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Nf-YB GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Nf-YB GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Nf-YB GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Nf-YB GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function N GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function N GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function N GO:0007219_6281_4 Notch signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process N GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process N GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component N GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component N GO:0030154_6281_4 cell differentiation "The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process N GO:0050793_6281_2 regulation of developmental process "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Nhe1 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Nhe1 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Nhe1 GO:0006885_6281_3 regulation of pH "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of hydrogen ions, thereby modulating the internal pH, within an organism or cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Nhe1 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process Nhe1 GO:0015299_13174_5 solute:hydrogen antiporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + H+(in) = solute(in) + H+(out)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Nhe1 GO:0015385_13174_3 sodium:hydrogen antiporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out)." [TC:2.A.35.1.1, TC:2.A.36.-.-] IEA molecular_function Nhe1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Nhe1 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Nhe2 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Nhe2 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Nhe2 GO:0006885_6281_3 regulation of pH "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of hydrogen ions, thereby modulating the internal pH, within an organism or cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Nhe2 GO:0015299_13174_5 solute:hydrogen antiporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + H+(in) = solute(in) + H+(out)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Nhe2 GO:0015385_13174_3 sodium:hydrogen antiporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out)." [TC:2.A.35.1.1, TC:2.A.36.-.-] IEA molecular_function Nhe2 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Nhe2 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Nhe3 GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Nhe3 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Nhe3 GO:0006885_6281_3 regulation of pH "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of hydrogen ions, thereby modulating the internal pH, within an organism or cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Nhe3 GO:0015299_13174_5 solute:hydrogen antiporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + H+(in) = solute(in) + H+(out)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Nhe3 GO:0015385_13174_3 sodium:hydrogen antiporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out)." [TC:2.A.35.1.1, TC:2.A.36.-.-] IEA molecular_function Nhe3 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Nhe3 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Nhlrc2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function NimA GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function NimC1 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function NimC1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function NimC2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function NiPp1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Nipped-A GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Nipped-A GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Nipped-A GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Nipped-A GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Nipped-B GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function nito GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function nito GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function nito GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component nito GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Nle GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Nmdar1 GO:0004970_13174_23 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Nmdar1 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function Nmdar1 GO:0005234_13174_23 extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Nmdar1 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Nmdar1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Nmdar1 GO:0030288_3650_9 outer membrane-bounded periplasmic space "The region between the inner (cytoplasmic or plasma) membrane and outer membrane of organisms with two membranes such as Gram negative bacteria. These periplasmic spaces are relatively thick and contain a thin cell wall." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] IEA cellular_component Nmdmc GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Nmdmc GO:0004488_13174_3 methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NADP(+) = 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + NADPH." [EC:1.5.1.5, RHEA:22815] IEA molecular_function Nmdmc GO:0009396_6281_8 folic acid-containing compound biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of folic acid and its derivatives." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Nmdmc GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process nmdyn-D7 GO:0004550_13174_4 nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside diphosphate = ADP + nucleoside triphosphate." [EC:2.7.4.6] IEA molecular_function nmdyn-D7 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function nmdyn-D7 GO:0006165_6281_4 nucleoside diphosphate phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group into a nucleoside diphosphate to produce a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process nmdyn-D7 GO:0006183_6281_4 GTP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process nmdyn-D7 GO:0006228_6281_4 UTP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UTP, uridine (5'-)triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process nmdyn-D7 GO:0006241_6281_4 CTP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CTP, cytidine 5'-triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process nmo GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function nmo GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function nmo GO:0004707_13174_6 MAP kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein + ATP = protein phosphate + ADP. This reaction is the phosphorylation of proteins. Mitogen-activated protein kinase; a family of protein kinases that perform a crucial step in relaying signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. They are activated by a wide range of proliferation- or differentiation-inducing signals; activation is strong with agonists such as polypeptide growth factors and tumor-promoting phorbol esters, but weak (in most cell backgrounds) by stress stimuli." [GOC:ma, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function nmo GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function nmo GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function nmo GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process nmo GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Nmt GO:0004379_13174_2 glycylpeptide N-tetradecanoyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: tetradecanoyl-CoA + glycyl-peptide = CoA + N-tetradecanoylglycyl-peptide." [EC:2.3.1.97] IEA molecular_function Nmt GO:0006499_6281_1 N-terminal protein myristoylation "The covalent attachment of a myristoyl group to the N-terminal amino acid residue of a protein." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Nnp-1 GO:0006364_6281_13 rRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process Nnp-1 GO:0030688_3650_1 preribosome, small subunit precursor "A preribosomal complex consisting of 20S pre-rRNA, ribosomal proteins including late-associating small subunit proteins, and associated proteins; a precursor of the eukaryotic cytoplasmic small ribosomal subunit." [PMID:10567516] IEA cellular_component Noa36 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Noa36 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Noa36 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Noc2 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function NOL10 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function NOL10 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component nompB GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function NompC GO:0003848_13174_2 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyldihydropteridine diphosphokinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine + ATP = (2-amino-4-hydroxy-7,8-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate + AMP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.6.3, RHEA:11415] IEA molecular_function NompC GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function NompC GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function NompC GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process NompC GO:0009396_6281_8 folic acid-containing compound biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of folic acid and its derivatives." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process NompC GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component NompC GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process norpA2 GO:0004435_13174_8 phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H(2)O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + H(+)." [EC:3.1.4.11, RHEA:23915] IEA molecular_function norpA2 GO:0004629_13174_12 phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phospholipid + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + a phosphatidate." [EC:3.1.4.3, EC:3.1.4.4, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function norpA2 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function norpA2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function norpA2 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process norpA2 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process norpA2 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function norpA2 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function norpA2 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process norpA2 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process NOS GO:0004517_13174_1 nitric-oxide synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginine + n NADPH + n H+ + m O2 = citrulline + nitric oxide + n NADP+." [EC:1.14.13.39] IEA molecular_function NOS GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function NOS GO:0005516_13174_4 calmodulin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calmodulin, a calcium-binding protein with many roles, both in the calcium-bound and calcium-free states." [GOC:krc] IEA molecular_function NOS GO:0006809_6281_1 nitric oxide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO), a colorless gas only slightly soluble in water." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process NOS GO:0010181_13174_8 FMN binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FMN, flavin mononucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes." [GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function NOS GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function NOS GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function NOS GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function NOS GO:0050661_13174_10 NADP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NADP+, or the reduced form, NADPH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function NOS GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Nox GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Nox GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Nox GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Nox GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Nox GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Nox GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Nox GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process NPF GO:0005179_13174_9 hormone activity "The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function NPF GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component NR1E1 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function NR1E1 GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function NR1E1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component NR1E1 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process NR1E1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function NR1E1 GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process NR1E1 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function NRD1 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function NRD1 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function NRD1 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process NRD1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function NRD1 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Nrk GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Nrk GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Nrk GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Nrk GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Nrk GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Nrk GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Nrk GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function nrm GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function nrv1 GO:0005391_13174_5 sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) + K+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) + K+(in)." [EC:3.6.3.9] IEA molecular_function nrv1 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process nrv1 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process nrv1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component nrv1 GO:0046034_6281_10 ATP metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process nrv2 GO:0005391_13174_5 sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) + K+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) + K+(in)." [EC:3.6.3.9] IEA molecular_function nrv2 GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process nrv2 GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process nrv2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component nrv2 GO:0046034_6281_10 ATP metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Nrx-1 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Nrx-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ns1 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ns1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component ns1 GO:0030141_3650_2 secretory granule "A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198596732] IEA cellular_component ns2 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ns2 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component ns3 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ns3 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component ns4 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ns4 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component NT-10 GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function NT-10 GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process NT-10 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component NT-11 GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function NT-11 GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process NT-11 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component NT-12 GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function NT-12 GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process NT-12 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component NT-4 GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function NT-4 GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process NT-4 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component NT-5 GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function NT-5 GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process NT-5 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component NT-6 GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function NT-6 GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process NT-6 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component NT-7 GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function NT-7 GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process NT-7 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component NT-8 GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function NT-8 GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process NT-8 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component NT-9 GO:0005328_13174_16 neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] IEA molecular_function NT-9 GO:0006836_6281_17 neurotransmitter transport "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process NT-9 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component numb GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Nup107 GO:0005643_3650_7 nuclear pore "Any of the numerous similar discrete openings in the nuclear envelope of a eukaryotic cell, where the inner and outer nuclear membranes are joined." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Nup107 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Nup154 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Nup214 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Nup44A GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Nup44A GO:0009168_6281_5 purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Nup44A GO:0019239_13174_5 deaminase activity "Catalysis of the removal of an amino group from a substrate, producing ammonia (NH3)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function NUP50 GO:0005643_3650_7 nuclear pore "Any of the numerous similar discrete openings in the nuclear envelope of a eukaryotic cell, where the inner and outer nuclear membranes are joined." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component NUP50 GO:0046907_6281_7 intracellular transport "The directed movement of substances within a cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Nup62 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Nup62 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Nup62 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Nup62 GO:0005643_3650_7 nuclear pore "Any of the numerous similar discrete openings in the nuclear envelope of a eukaryotic cell, where the inner and outer nuclear membranes are joined." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Nup62 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Nup62 GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Nup62 GO:0017056_13174_1 structural constituent of nuclear pore "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the nuclear pore complex." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Nup98 GO:0005643_3650_7 nuclear pore "Any of the numerous similar discrete openings in the nuclear envelope of a eukaryotic cell, where the inner and outer nuclear membranes are joined." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Nup98 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process nwk GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Nxt1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Nxt1 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Oa1 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process Oa1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component oa2 GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process oa2 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Oat GO:0008483_13174_8 transaminase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Oat GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Oaz GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Oaz GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Oaz GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Obp10 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp11 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp12 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp13 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp16 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp17 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp19 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp1 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp20 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp21 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp2 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp3 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp4 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp5 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp6 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp7 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Obp9 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Octbeta2R GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process Octbeta2R GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Ogg1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Ogg1 GO:0003684_13174_11 damaged DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with damaged DNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Ogg1 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ogg1 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process Ogg1 GO:0006284_6281_3 base-excision repair "In base excision repair, an altered base is removed by a DNA glycosylase enzyme, followed by excision of the resulting sugar phosphate. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process Ogg1 GO:0006289_6281_7 nucleotide-excision repair "A DNA repair process in which a small region of the strand surrounding the damage is removed from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Nucleotide excision repair recognizes a wide range of substrates, including damage caused by UV irradiation (pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts) and chemicals (intrastrand cross-links and bulky adducts)." [PMID:10197977] IEA biological_process Ogg1 GO:0008534_13174_1 oxidized purine nucleobase lesion DNA N-glycosylase activity "Catalysis of the removal of oxidized purine bases by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the oxidized purine and the deoxyribose sugar. The reaction involves the formation of a covalent enzyme-substrate intermediate. Release of the enzyme and free base by a beta-elimination or a beta, gamma-elimination mechanism results in the cleavage of the DNA backbone 3' of the apurinic (AP) site." [GOC:elh, PMID:11554296] IEA molecular_function onecut GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function onecut GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function onecut GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function onecut GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process onecut GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function onecut GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function onecut GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function onecut GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process opa1-like GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function opa1-like GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Or105 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or105 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or105 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or105 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or106 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or106 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or106 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or106 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or107 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or107 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or107 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or107 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or109 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or109 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or109 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or109 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or10 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or10 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or10 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or10 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or115 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or115 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or115 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or115 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or119 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or119 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or119 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or119 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or11 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or11 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or11 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or11 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or12 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or12 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or12 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or12 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or131 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or131 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or131 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or131 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or13 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or13 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or13 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or13 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or141 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Or141 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Or143 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or143 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or143 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or143 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or148 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or148 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or148 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or148 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or14 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or14 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or14 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or14 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or157 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or157 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or157 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or157 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or15 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or15 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or15 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or15 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or160 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or160 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or160 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or160 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or163 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or163 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or163 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or163 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or163 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Or163 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or167PAR GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or167PAR GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or167PAR GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or167PAR GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or16 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or16 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or16 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or16 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or170 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or170 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or170 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or170 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or17 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or17 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or17 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or17 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or18 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or18 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or18 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or18 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or19 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or19 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or19 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or19 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or1 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or1 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or1 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or20 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or20 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or20 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or20 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or22 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or22 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or22 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or22 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or25 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or25 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or25 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or25 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or26 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or26 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or26 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or26 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or27 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or27 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or27 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or27 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or28P GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or28P GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or28P GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or28P GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or29 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or29 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or29 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or29 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or2 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or2 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or2 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or30 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or30 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or30 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or30 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or31 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or31 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or31 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or31 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or32 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or32 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or32 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or32 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or33 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or33 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or33 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or33 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or34 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or34 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or34 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or34 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or35 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or35 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or35 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or35 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or35 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Or35 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or37 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or37 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or37 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or37 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or3 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or3 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or3 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or3 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or41 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or41 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or41 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or41 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or41 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Or41 GO:0050909_6281_18 sensory perception of taste "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or4 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or4 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or4 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or4 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or50 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or50 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or50 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or50 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or51 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or51 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or51 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or51 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or52 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or52 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or52 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or52 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or53 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or53 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or53 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or53 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or55 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or55 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or55 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or55 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or56 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or56 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or56 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or56 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or57 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or57 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or57 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or57 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or58 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or58 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or58 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or58 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or5 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or5 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or5 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or5 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or63 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or63 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or63 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or63 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or77PAR GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or77PAR GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or77PAR GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Or77PAR GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or77PAR GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or78 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or78 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or78 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or78 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or83 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or83 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or83 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or83 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or87 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or87 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or87 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or87 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or94 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or94 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or94 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or94 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or98 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or98 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or98 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or98 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Or9 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function Or9 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function Or9 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process Or9 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component orb2 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function orb2 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function orb2 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function orb2 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component orb2 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process orb2 GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process orb2 GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function orb2 GO:0043234_3650_15 protein complex "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component orb2 GO:0051258_6281_15 protein polymerization "The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process orb GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Orc1 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Orc1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Orc1 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Orc4 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Orc4 GO:0000808_3650_2 origin recognition complex "A multisubunit complex that is located at the replication origins of a chromosome." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component Orc4 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Orc4 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Orc4 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Orc4 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function osa GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function osa GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function osa GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Osbp GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Oscillin GO:0004342_13174_1 glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H(2)O = beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate + NH(4)(+)." [EC:3.5.99.6, RHEA:12175] IEA molecular_function Oscillin GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Oscillin GO:0006044_6281_2 N-acetylglucosamine metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-acetylglucosamine. The D isomer is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Oscp GO:0015986_6281_12 ATP synthesis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process Oscp GO:0046933_13174_9 hydrogen ion transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + phosphate = ATP + H2O, coupled with transport of H+ down a concentration gradient, by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14, TC:3.A.2.1.1] IEA molecular_function Osi23 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Osi23 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Osi23 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Osi23 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process osm-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function osp GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function otd1 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function otd1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function otd1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component otd1 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process otd1 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function otd2 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function otd2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function otd2 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component otd2 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process otd2 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ovo GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ovo GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component ovo GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function oxt GO:0008375_13174_1 acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of an N-acetylglucosaminyl residue from UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine to a sugar." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function oxt GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component p115 GO:0000139_3650_4 Golgi membrane "The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component p115 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function p115 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component p115 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process p115 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function p115 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component p115 GO:0048280_6281_1 vesicle fusion with Golgi apparatus "The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around a vesicle to the lipid bilayer membrane around the Golgi." [GOC:jid] IEA biological_process p16-ARC GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component p16-ARC GO:0030833_6281_4 regulation of actin filament polymerization "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin filaments by the addition of actin monomers to a filament." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process p24-1 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process p24-1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component p38b GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function p38b GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function p38b GO:0004707_13174_6 MAP kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein + ATP = protein phosphate + ADP. This reaction is the phosphorylation of proteins. Mitogen-activated protein kinase; a family of protein kinases that perform a crucial step in relaying signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. They are activated by a wide range of proliferation- or differentiation-inducing signals; activation is strong with agonists such as polypeptide growth factors and tumor-promoting phorbol esters, but weak (in most cell backgrounds) by stress stimuli." [GOC:ma, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function p38b GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function p38b GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function p38b GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process p38b GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function P58IPK GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function P58IPK GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Pabp2 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Pain GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Pain GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pain GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Pain GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pain GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process Pain GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Pain GO:0033177_3650_11 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, proton-transporting domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and carries out proton transport across a membrane. The proton-transporting domain (F0, V0, or A0) includes integral and peripheral membrane proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component Pain GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Pak GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Pak GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Pak GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Pak GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pak GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pak GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Pak GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function pan GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function pan GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function PANK4 GO:0004594_13174_3 pantothenate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pantothenate = ADP + D-4'-phosphopantothenate." [EC:2.7.1.33] IEA molecular_function PANK4 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function PANK4 GO:0015937_6281_4 coenzyme A biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process par-1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function par-1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function par-1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function par-1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function par-1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process par-1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function par-6 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Para GO:0001518_3650_1 voltage-gated sodium channel complex "A sodium channel in a cell membrane whose opening is governed by the membrane potential." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Para GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Para GO:0005248_13174_1 voltage-gated sodium channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Para GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Para GO:0006814_6281_23 sodium ion transport "The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Para GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Para GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Parp GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Parp GO:0003950_13174_3 NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + (ADP-D-ribosyl)(n)-acceptor = nicotinamide + (ADP-D-ribosyl)(n+1)-acceptor." [EC:2.4.2.30] IEA molecular_function Parp GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Parp GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Parp GO:0006471_6281_1 protein ADP-ribosylation "The transfer, from NAD, of ADP-ribose to protein amino acids." [GOC:pr, RESID:AA0040, RESID:AA0168, RESID:AA0169, RESID:AA0231, RESID:AA0237, RESID:AA0295] IEA biological_process Parp GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Parp GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function parv1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function parv1 GO:0016853_13174_10 isomerase activity "Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Past1 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Past1 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Past1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Past1 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Past1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Pat1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Patj GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pax-1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Pax-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pax-1 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Pban GO:0005184_13174_4 neuropeptide hormone activity "The action characteristic of a neuropeptide hormone, any peptide hormone that acts in the central nervous system. A neuropeptide is any of several types of molecules found in brain tissue, composed of short chains of amino acids; they include endorphins, enkephalins, vasopressin, and others. They are often localized in axon terminals at synapses and are classified as putative neurotransmitters, although some are also hormones." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Pban GO:0007218_6281_7 neuropeptide signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a peptide neurotransmitter binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process Pbgs GO:0004655_13174_1 porphobilinogen synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 5-aminolevulinate = 2 H(2)O + H(+) + porphobilinogen." [EC:4.2.1.24, RHEA:24067] IEA molecular_function Pbgs GO:0033014_6281_4 tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of tetrapyrroles, natural pigments containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next." [CHEBI:26932, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Pbgs GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function pbl GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function pbl GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function pbl GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component pbl GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process pbl GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Pbp45 GO:0004857_13174_6 enzyme inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pbp45 GO:0008073_13174_2 ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor activity "The stopping, prevention or reduction of the activity of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Pcd GO:0006729_6281_3 tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetrahydrobiopterin, the reduced form of biopterin (2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-pteridine). It functions as a hydroxylation coenzyme, e.g. in the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine." [CHEBI:15372, GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Pcd GO:0008124_13174_1 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin dehydratase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: (6R)-6-(L-erythro-1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4a-hydroxypterin = (6R)-6-(L-erythro-1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-7,8-dihydro-6H-pterin + H(2)O." [EC:4.2.1.96, RHEA:11923] IEA molecular_function Pc GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component PCID2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pcl GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pcl GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pcl GO:0044262_6281_8 cellular carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Pcl GO:0046912_13174_3 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups, acyl groups converted into alkyl on transfer "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor), with the acyl group being converted into alkyl on transfer." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function pcx GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Pde1c GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pde1c GO:0004114_13174_10 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside 5'-phosphate." [EC:3.1.4.17] IEA molecular_function Pde1c GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Pde1c GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function Pde9 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pde9 GO:0004114_13174_10 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside 5'-phosphate." [EC:3.1.4.17] IEA molecular_function Pde9 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Pde9 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function pdfr GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function pdfr GO:0004930_13174_24 G-protein coupled receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex." [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] IEA molecular_function pdfr GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process pdfr GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process pdfr GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component pdfr GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component PDHB GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function PDHB GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Pdi GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Pdk GO:0000155_13174_3 two-component sensor activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of a histidine residue in response to detection of an extracellular signal such as a chemical ligand or change in environment, to initiate a change in cell state or activity. The two-component sensor is a histidine kinase that autophosphorylates a histidine residue in its active site. The phosphate is then transferred to an aspartate residue in a downstream response regulator, to trigger a response." [GOC:bf, GOC:mcc, PMID:10966457, PMID:20223701, PMID:9191038] IEA molecular_function Pdk GO:0004673_13174_1 protein histidine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + protein L-histidine = ADP + protein phospho-L-histidine." [EC:2.7.13.3, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Pdk GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pdk GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Pdk GO:0018106_6281_1 peptidyl-histidine phosphorylation "The phosphorylation of peptidyl-histidine to form peptidyl-1'-phospho-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-phosphohistidine, tele-phosphohistidine) or peptidyl-3'-phospho-L-histidine (otherwise known as pi-phosphohistidine, pros-phosphohistidine)." [RESID:AA0035, RESID:AA0036] IEA biological_process pdm3 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function pdm3 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function pdm3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function pdm3 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process pdm3 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Pdp1 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Pdp1 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Pdp1 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Pdp1 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pdp GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pdp GO:0004722_13174_8 protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein serine phosphate + H2O = protein serine + phosphate, and protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Pdp GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Pdp GO:0008287_3650_7 protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex "A complex, normally consisting of a catalytic and a regulatory subunit, which catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from a serine or threonine residue of a protein." [GOC:bf] IEA cellular_component PEK GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function PEK GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function PEK GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function PEK GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function PEK GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process PEK GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function pelle GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function pelle GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function pelle GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function pelle GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function pelle GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function pelle GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process pelle GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process pelle GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function pen GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function pen GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pepck GO:0004611_13174_1 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: source of phosphate + oxaloacetate = phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2 + other reaction products." [EC:4.1.1.-] IEA molecular_function Pepck GO:0004613_13174_1 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + oxaloacetate = GDP + phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2." [EC:4.1.1.32] IEA molecular_function Pepck GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pepck GO:0006094_6281_3 gluconeogenesis "The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors, such as pyruvate, amino acids and glycerol." [MetaCyc:GLUCONEO-PWY] IEA biological_process Pepck GO:0017076_13174_1 purine nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with purine nucleotides, any compound consisting of a purine nucleoside esterified with (ortho)phosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Per GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Per GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Per GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Per GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Pez GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component pfk GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Pfk GO:0003872_13174_1 6-phosphofructokinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-fructose-6-phosphate = ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate." [EC:2.7.1.11] IEA molecular_function pfk GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pfk GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Pfk GO:0005945_3650_1 6-phosphofructokinase complex "A protein complex that possesses 6-phosphofructokinase activity; homodimeric, homooctameric, and allosteric homotetrameric forms are known." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Pfk GO:0006096_6281_14 glycolysis "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0716720094, Wikipedia:Glycolysis] IEA biological_process Pfrx GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Pfrx GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pfrx GO:0003873_13174_1 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate + ATP = beta-D-fructose 2,6-bisphosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.105, RHEA:15656] IEA molecular_function Pfrx GO:0004331_13174_1 fructose-2,6-bisphosphate 2-phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-fructose 2,6-bisphosphate + H2O = D-fructose-6-phosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.46] IEA molecular_function Pfrx GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pfrx GO:0006000_6281_1 fructose metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving fructose, the ketohexose arabino-2-hexulose. Fructose exists in a open chain form or as a ring compound. D-fructose is the sweetest of the sugars and is found free in a large number of fruits and honey." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Pfrx GO:0006003_6281_1 fructose 2,6-bisphosphate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. The D enantiomer is an important regulator of the glycolytic and gluconeogenic pathways. It inhibits fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase and activates phosphofructokinase." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Pfrx GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Pfrx GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Pgd GO:0004616_13174_4 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 6-phospho-D-gluconate + NADP+ = D-ribulose 5-phosphate + CO2 + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.44] IEA molecular_function Pgd GO:0006098_6281_6 pentose-phosphate shunt "The process in which glucose is oxidized, coupled to NADPH synthesis. Glucose 6-P is oxidized with the formation of carbon dioxide (CO2), ribulose 5-phosphate and reduced NADP; ribulose 5-P then enters a series of reactions interconverting sugar phosphates. The pentose phosphate pathway is a major source of reducing equivalents for biosynthesis reactions and is also important for the conversion of hexoses to pentoses." [ISBN:0198506732, MetaCyc:PENTOSE-P-PWY] IEA biological_process Pgd GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pgd GO:0016616_13174_48 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pgd GO:0050661_13174_10 NADP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NADP+, or the reduced form, NADPH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pgd GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Pgk GO:0004618_13174_1 phosphoglycerate kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 3-phospho-D-glycerate + ATP = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + ADP + H(+)." [EC:2.7.2.3, RHEA:14804] IEA molecular_function Pgk GO:0006096_6281_14 glycolysis "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with phosphorylation of a monosaccharide (generally glucose) on the sixth carbon by a hexokinase, and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules, or fed into the TCA cycle." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0716720094, Wikipedia:Glycolysis] IEA biological_process Pgm1 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pgm1 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Pgm1 GO:0016868_13174_4 intramolecular transferase activity, phosphotransferases "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group from one position to another within a single molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Pgm2 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pgm2 GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Pgm2 GO:0016868_13174_4 intramolecular transferase activity, phosphotransferases "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group from one position to another within a single molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function PGRP-LC GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function PGRP-LC GO:0008745_13174_6 N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain bacterial cell-wall glycopeptides." [EC:3.5.1.28] IEA molecular_function PGRP-LC GO:0009253_6281_6 peptidoglycan catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptidoglycans, any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls." [http://www.dsmz.de/species/murein.htm, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process PGRP-LC GO:0016740_13174_22 transferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function PGRP-S1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function PGRP-S1 GO:0008745_13174_6 N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain bacterial cell-wall glycopeptides." [EC:3.5.1.28] IEA molecular_function PGRP-S1 GO:0009253_6281_6 peptidoglycan catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptidoglycans, any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls." [http://www.dsmz.de/species/murein.htm, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Pgrp-s2 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pgrp-s2 GO:0008745_13174_6 N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain bacterial cell-wall glycopeptides." [EC:3.5.1.28] IEA molecular_function Pgrp-s2 GO:0009253_6281_6 peptidoglycan catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptidoglycans, any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls." [http://www.dsmz.de/species/murein.htm, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process PGRP-S3 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function PGRP-S3 GO:0008745_13174_6 N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain bacterial cell-wall glycopeptides." [EC:3.5.1.28] IEA molecular_function PGRP-S3 GO:0009253_6281_6 peptidoglycan catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptidoglycans, any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls." [http://www.dsmz.de/species/murein.htm, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process PH4alphaEFB GO:0004656_13174_1 procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: procollagen L-proline + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = procollagen trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline + succinate + CO2." [EC:1.14.11.2] IEA molecular_function PH4alphaEFB GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function PH4alphaEFB GO:0005783_3650_14 endoplasmic reticulum "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component PH4alphaEFB GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function PH4alphaEFB GO:0016702_13174_1 oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from one donor, and two oxygen atoms is incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function PH4alphaEFB GO:0016705_13174_70 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function PH4alphaEFB GO:0016706_13174_8 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom each of oxygen into both donors "Catalysis of the reaction: A + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = B + succinate + CO2. This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function PH4alphaEFB GO:0031418_13174_6 L-ascorbic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with L-ascorbic acid, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate; L-ascorbic acid is vitamin C and has co-factor and anti-oxidant activities in many species." [CHEBI:38290, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function PH4alphaEFB GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process pHCl GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function pHCl GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process pHCl GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process pHCl GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component PHDP GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function PHDP GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function PHDP GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component PHDP GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process PHDP GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function PhKgamma GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function PhKgamma GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function PhKgamma GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function PhKgamma GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function PhKgamma GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process PhKgamma GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Phlpp GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Phlpp GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Phm GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Phm GO:0004497_13174_7 monooxygenase activity "Catalysis of the incorporation of one atom from molecular oxygen into a compound and the reduction of the other atom of oxygen to water." [http://www.onelook.com/, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Phm GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Phm GO:0016715_13174_3 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced ascorbate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced ascorbate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Phm GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process PHRF1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function PHRF1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function PHRF1 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process phr GO:0003904_13174_1 deoxyribodipyrimidine photo-lyase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: cyclobutadipyrimidine (in DNA) = 2 pyrimidine residues (in DNA). This reaction represents the reactivation of irradiated DNA by light." [EC:4.1.99.3] IEA molecular_function phr GO:0003913_13174_3 DNA photolyase activity "Catalysis of the repair of a photoproduct resulting from ultraviolet irradiation of two adjacent pyrimidine residues in DNA." [GOC:mah, PMID:11124949] IEA molecular_function phr GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process Pi4k2b GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Picot GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Picot GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process pita GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function pita GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component pita GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component pita GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function pit GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function pit GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function pit GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function pit GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function PITRM1 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function PITRM1 GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function PITRM1 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process PITRM1 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function PITRM1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function PITRM1 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pitslre GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Pitslre GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Pitslre GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Pitslre GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pitslre GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Pitslre GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function pix GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function pix GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function pix GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function pix GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function pix GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function pix GO:0051536_13174_23 iron-sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pka-C1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Pka-C1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Pka-C1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Pka-C1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pka-C1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Pka-C1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pka-C2 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Pka-C2 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Pka-C2 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Pka-C2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pka-C2 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Pka-C2 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pka-C3 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Pka-C3 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Pka-C3 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Pka-C3 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pka-C3 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Pka-C3 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pka-R1 GO:0001932_6281_2 regulation of protein phosphorylation "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups into an amino acid in a protein." [GOC:hjd] IEA biological_process Pka-R1 GO:0005952_3650_2 cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex "An enzyme complex, composed of regulatory and catalytic subunits, that catalyzes protein phosphorylation. Inactive forms of the enzyme have two regulatory chains and two catalytic chains; activation by cAMP produces two active catalytic monomers and a regulatory dimer." [EC:2.7.11.11, ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Pka-R1 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Pka-R1 GO:0008603_13174_6 cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity "Modulation of the activity of the enzyme cAMP-dependent protein kinase." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pka-R2 GO:0001932_6281_2 regulation of protein phosphorylation "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups into an amino acid in a protein." [GOC:hjd] IEA biological_process Pka-R2 GO:0005952_3650_2 cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex "An enzyme complex, composed of regulatory and catalytic subunits, that catalyzes protein phosphorylation. Inactive forms of the enzyme have two regulatory chains and two catalytic chains; activation by cAMP produces two active catalytic monomers and a regulatory dimer." [EC:2.7.11.11, ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Pka-R2 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Pka-R2 GO:0008603_13174_6 cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity "Modulation of the activity of the enzyme cAMP-dependent protein kinase." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pkcdelta GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Pkcdelta GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Pkcdelta GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Pkcdelta GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pkcdelta GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Pkcdelta GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pkcdelta GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Pkc GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Pkc GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Pkc GO:0004697_13174_1 protein kinase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires diacylglycerol." [EC:2.7.11.13] IEA molecular_function Pkc GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Pkc GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pkc GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pkc GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Pkc GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pkc GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pkc GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process PKD GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function PKD GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function PKD GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function PKD GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function PKD GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function PKD GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process PKD GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function PKD GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Pkn GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Pkn GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Pkn GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Pkn GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pkn GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pkn GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Pkn GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Pkn GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Pkn GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function PLA2-1 GO:0004623_13174_8 phospholipase A2 activity "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate." [EC:3.1.1.4] IEA molecular_function PLA2-1 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function PLA2-1 GO:0006644_6281_7 phospholipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process PLA2-1 GO:0016042_6281_9 lipid catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process PLA2-2.2 GO:0004623_13174_8 phospholipase A2 activity "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate." [EC:3.1.1.4] IEA molecular_function PLA2-2.2 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function PLA2-2.2 GO:0006644_6281_7 phospholipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process PLA2-2.2 GO:0016042_6281_9 lipid catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process PLA2-2.4 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function PLA2-2.4 GO:0004623_13174_8 phospholipase A2 activity "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate." [EC:3.1.1.4] IEA molecular_function PLA2-2.4 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function PLA2-2.4 GO:0006644_6281_7 phospholipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process PLA2-2.4 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function PLA2-2.4 GO:0016042_6281_9 lipid catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Pla2 GO:0004623_13174_8 phospholipase A2 activity "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate." [EC:3.1.1.4] IEA molecular_function Pla2 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pla2 GO:0006644_6281_7 phospholipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Pla2 GO:0016042_6281_9 lipid catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Plap GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Plap GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Plc GO:0004435_13174_8 phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H(2)O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + H(+)." [EC:3.1.4.11, RHEA:23915] IEA molecular_function Plc GO:0004629_13174_12 phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phospholipid + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + a phosphatidate." [EC:3.1.4.3, EC:3.1.4.4, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Plc GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Plc GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Plc GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Plc GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Plc GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function Plc GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Pld GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pld GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pld GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Pld GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Pld GO:0035091_13174_22 phosphatidylinositol binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11395417] IEA molecular_function plexA GO:0004872_13174_13 receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function plexA GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function plexA GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component plexA GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process plexA GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process plexA GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component plexB GO:0004872_13174_13 receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function plexB GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function plexB GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component plexB GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process plexB GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process plexB GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Plip GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function Plip GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Plip GO:0008138_13174_15 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Plip GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Plip GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function PMCA GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function PMCA GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function PMCA GO:0005388_13174_3 calcium-transporting ATPase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ca2+(cis) = ADP + phosphate + Ca2+(trans)." [EC:3.6.3.8] IEA molecular_function PMCA GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function PMCA GO:0006754_6281_7 ATP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process PMCA GO:0006812_6281_32 cation transport "The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process PMCA GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process PMCA GO:0015662_13174_15 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate." [PMID:10322420, PMID:10600683] IEA molecular_function PMCA GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component PMCA GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function PMCA GO:0070588_6281_3 calcium ion transmembrane transport "A process in which a calcium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process PNGase GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function PNGase GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component PNGase GO:0006516_6281_1 glycoprotein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process pnr GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function pnr GO:0003896_13174_4 DNA primase activity "Catalysis of the synthesis of a short RNA primer on a DNA template, providing a free 3'-OH that can be extended by DNA-directed DNA polymerases. Catalyzed by a DNA-directed RNA polymerase that forms a complex with alpha DNA polymerase." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function pnr GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function pnr GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process pnr GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function pnr GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function PNR-like GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function PNR-like GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function PNR-like GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component PNR-like GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process PNR-like GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function PNR-like GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process PNR-like GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function pnt GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function pnt GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component pnt GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process pnt GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function pnut GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function pnut GO:0007049_6281_8 cell cycle "The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process PNUTS GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function PNUTS GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component PNUTS GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process PNUTS GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pof GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Pole3 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Pole3 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Pole3 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function polo GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function polo GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function polo GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function polo GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function polo GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function polo GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process polo GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function polybromo GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function polybromo GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function polybromo GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component polybromo GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function pontin GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function pontin GO:0003678_13174_3 DNA helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA helix." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function pontin GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function pontin GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function porin GO:0005741_3650_6 mitochondrial outer membrane "The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope." [GOC:ai] IEA cellular_component porin GO:0006820_6281_6 anion transport "The directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process porin GO:0008308_13174_4 voltage-gated anion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an anion by a voltage-gated channel. An anion is a negatively charged ion. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function porin GO:0044070_6281_4 regulation of anion transport "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process porin GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process POSH GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function POSH GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Poxn GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Poxn GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Poxn GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process PpD3 GO:0004721_13174_4 phosphoprotein phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphoprotein + H2O = a protein + phosphate. Together with protein kinases, these enzymes control the state of phosphorylation of cell proteins and thereby provide an important mechanism for regulating cellular activity." [EC:3.1.3.16, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function PpD3 GO:0004722_13174_8 protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein serine phosphate + H2O = protein serine + phosphate, and protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function PpD3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function PpD3 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component PpD3 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component PpD3 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process PpD3 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function PpD3 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ppib GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function Ppib GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process PPO GO:0005344_13174_7 oxygen transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of oxygen into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function PPO GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process PPO GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process PPO GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ppox GO:0004729_13174_1 oxygen-dependent protoporphyrinogen oxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 3 O(2) + protoporphyrinogen IX = 3 H(2)O(2) + protoporphyrin IX." [EC:1.3.3.4, RHEA:25579] IEA molecular_function Ppox GO:0006779_6281_3 porphyrin-containing compound biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any member of a large group of derivatives or analogs of porphyrin. Porphyrin consists of a ring of four pyrrole nuclei linked each to the next at their alpha positions through a methine group." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Ppox GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ppox GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Ppt1 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Ppt1 GO:0008474_13174_2 palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-protein + H2O = palmitate + protein." [EC:3.1.2.22] IEA molecular_function Ppt2 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Ppt2 GO:0008474_13174_2 palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-protein + H2O = palmitate + protein." [EC:3.1.2.22] IEA molecular_function PpV GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function PPWD1 GO:0003755_13174_17 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-proline (omega=180) = peptidyl-proline (omega=0)." [EC:5.2.1.8] IEA molecular_function PPWD1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function PPWD1 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process PrBP GO:0004114_13174_10 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside 5'-phosphate." [EC:3.1.4.17] IEA molecular_function PrBP GO:0007601_6281_5 visual perception "The series of events required for an organism to receive a visual stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Visual stimuli are detected in the form of photons and are processed to form an image." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Prd GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Prd GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Prd GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Prd GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Prd GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Prd GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function PRF GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function PRF GO:0007010_6281_12 cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process PRF GO:0015629_3650_9 actin cytoskeleton "The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Prl-1 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Prl-1 GO:0008138_13174_15 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Prl-1 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Prl-1 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function PRM1 GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function PRM1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Pros25 GO:0004175_13174_11 endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Pros25 GO:0004298_13174_13 threonine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Pros25 GO:0005839_3650_13 proteasome core complex "A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex." [GOC:rb, PMID:10806206] IEA cellular_component Pros25 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Pros25 GO:0019773_3650_6 proteasome core complex, alpha-subunit complex "The proteasome core subcomplex that constitutes the two outer rings of the proteasome core complex. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:rb, PMID:10854779] IEA cellular_component Pros25 GO:0051603_6281_13 proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process "The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Pros26.4 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Pros26.4 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pros26.4 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Pros26.4 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pros26.4 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Pros26.4 GO:0030163_6281_11 protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Pros26 GO:0004298_13174_13 threonine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Pros26 GO:0005839_3650_13 proteasome core complex "A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex." [GOC:rb, PMID:10806206] IEA cellular_component Pros26 GO:0051603_6281_13 proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process "The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Pros29 GO:0004298_13174_13 threonine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Pros29 GO:0005839_3650_13 proteasome core complex "A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex." [GOC:rb, PMID:10806206] IEA cellular_component Pros29 GO:0051603_6281_13 proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process "The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Pros54 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Prosalpha5 GO:0004175_13174_11 endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Prosalpha5 GO:0004298_13174_13 threonine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Prosalpha5 GO:0005839_3650_13 proteasome core complex "A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex." [GOC:rb, PMID:10806206] IEA cellular_component Prosalpha5 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Prosalpha5 GO:0019773_3650_6 proteasome core complex, alpha-subunit complex "The proteasome core subcomplex that constitutes the two outer rings of the proteasome core complex. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:rb, PMID:10854779] IEA cellular_component Prosalpha5 GO:0051603_6281_13 proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process "The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Prosalpha7 GO:0004175_13174_11 endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Prosalpha7 GO:0004298_13174_13 threonine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function Prosalpha7 GO:0005839_3650_13 proteasome core complex "A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex." [GOC:rb, PMID:10806206] IEA cellular_component Prosalpha7 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Prosalpha7 GO:0019773_3650_6 proteasome core complex, alpha-subunit complex "The proteasome core subcomplex that constitutes the two outer rings of the proteasome core complex. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:rb, PMID:10854779] IEA cellular_component Prosalpha7 GO:0051603_6281_13 proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process "The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Pros GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Pros GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pros GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Pros GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Pros GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Pros GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Pros GO:0031424_6281_13 keratinization "The process in which the cytoplasm of the outermost cells of the vertebrate epidermis is replaced by keratin. Keratinization occurs in the stratum corneum, feathers, hair, claws, nails, hooves, and horns." [GOC:dph, GOC:ebc, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process PRP17 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Prp19 GO:0000151_3650_13 ubiquitin ligase complex "A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex." [PMID:9529603] IEA cellular_component Prp19 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function Prp19 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Prp19 GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Prpf3 GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process PRPF4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function PRPF4 GO:0008380_6281_2 RNA splicing "The process of removing sections of the primary RNA transcript to remove sequences not present in the mature form of the RNA and joining the remaining sections to form the mature form of the RNA." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process pr-set7 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function pr-set7 GO:0018024_13174_10 histone-lysine N-methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives." [EC:2.1.1.43, RESID:AA0074, RESID:AA0075, RESID:AA0076] IEA molecular_function Prx5 GO:0016209_13174_7 antioxidant activity "Inhibition of the reactions brought about by dioxygen (O2) or peroxides. Usually the antioxidant is effective because it can itself be more easily oxidized than the substance protected. The term is often applied to components that can trap free radicals, thereby breaking the chain reaction that normally leads to extensive biological damage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Prx5 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Prx5 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Psa GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function Psa GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function PsGEF GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function PsGEF GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function PsGEF GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component PsGEF GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process psidin GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function psidin GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function psidin GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process psidin GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function psidin GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Psmd2 GO:0000502_3650_2 proteasome complex "A large multisubunit complex which catalyzes protein degradation. This complex consists of the barrel shaped proteasome core complex and one or two associated proteins or complexes that act in regulating entry into or exit from the core." [GOC:rb] IEA cellular_component Psmd2 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Psmd2 GO:0030234_13174_2 enzyme regulator activity "Modulates the activity of an enzyme." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Psmd2 GO:0042176_6281_2 regulation of protein catabolic process "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Psn GO:0004190_13174_12 aspartic-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Psn GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Psq GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Psq GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function PSR GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ptc GO:0008158_13174_6 hedgehog receptor activity "Combining with a member of the hedgehog protein family and transmitting the signal across the membrane to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators, PMID:9278137] IEA molecular_function ptc GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component ptc GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Pten GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function Pten GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pten GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Pten GO:0008138_13174_15 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Pten GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Pten GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function PTK2 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function PTK2 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function PTK2 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function PTK2 GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function PTK2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function PTK2 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component PTK2 GO:0005925_3650_2 focal adhesion "Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments." [ISBN:0124325653, ISBN:0815316208] IEA cellular_component PTK2 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process PTK2 GO:0007172_6281_1 signal complex assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a complex capable of relaying a signal within a cell." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling, PMID:9646862] IEA biological_process PTK2 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ptpa GO:0019211_13174_2 phosphatase activator activity "Increases the activity of a phosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the removal of a phosphate group from a substrate molecule." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function PTP-ER GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function PTP-ER GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process PTP-ER GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process PTP-ER GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function PTPN4 GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function PTPN4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function PTPN4 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component PTPN4 GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process PTPN4 GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process PTPN4 GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function ptr GO:0005057_13174_4 receptor signaling protein activity "Conveys a signal from an upstream receptor or intracellular signal transducer, converting the signal into a form where it can ultimately trigger a change in the state or activity of a cell." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function ptr GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Ptr GO:0008158_13174_6 hedgehog receptor activity "Combining with a member of the hedgehog protein family and transmitting the signal across the membrane to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators, PMID:9278137] IEA molecular_function Ptr GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Ptr GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Ptx1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Ptx1 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Ptx1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ptx1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Ptx1 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Ptx1 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Ptx1 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function puc GO:0004725_13174_29 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] IEA molecular_function puc GO:0006470_6281_38 protein dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process puc GO:0008138_13174_15 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function puc GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process puc GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function pug GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function pug GO:0004329_13174_1 formate-tetrahydrofolate ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + formate + tetrahydrofolate = ADP + phosphate + 10-formyltetrahydrofolate." [EC:6.3.4.3] IEA molecular_function pug GO:0004488_13174_3 methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NADP(+) = 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + NADPH." [EC:1.5.1.5, RHEA:22815] IEA molecular_function pug GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function pug GO:0009396_6281_8 folic acid-containing compound biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of folic acid and its derivatives." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process pug GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Pu GO:0003934_13174_1 GTP cyclohydrolase I activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = formate + 7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate." [EC:3.5.4.16] IEA molecular_function Pu GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Pu GO:0046654_6281_1 tetrahydrofolate biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetrahydrofolate, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid, a folate derivative bearing additional hydrogens on the pterin group." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process pum GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function pum GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function put GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function put GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function put GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function put GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function put GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process put GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Pvf1 GO:0008083_13174_17 growth factor activity "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function Pvf1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Pvr GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function pwn GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function pwn GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pxd GO:0004601_13174_12 peroxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7] IEA molecular_function Pxd GO:0006979_6281_14 response to oxidative stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] IEA biological_process Pxd GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pxd GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Pxn GO:0004601_13174_12 peroxidase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7] IEA molecular_function Pxn GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pxn GO:0006979_6281_14 response to oxidative stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] IEA biological_process Pxn GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pxn GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process pyd GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pygo GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pygo GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Pyx2 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Pyx2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Pyx2 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Pyx2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Pyx2 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process qtc GO:0000042_6281_4 protein targeting to Golgi "The process of directing proteins towards the Golgi; usually uses signals contained within the protein." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process qtc GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function qua GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function qua GO:0007010_6281_12 cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process qua GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rab10 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rab10 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rab10 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rab10 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rab10 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rab10 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Rab10 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab10 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rab10 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rab10 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab10 GO:0008134_13174_12 transcription factor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rab10 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rab10 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rab11 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rab11 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rab11 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rab11 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rab11 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rab11 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Rab11 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab11 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rab11 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rab11 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab11 GO:0008134_13174_12 transcription factor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rab11 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rab11 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rab14 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rab14 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rab14 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rab14 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rab14 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab14 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rab14 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rab14 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab14 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rab14 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rab21 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rab21 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rab21 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rab21 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rab21 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab21 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rab21 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rab21 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab21 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rab21 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rab23 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rab23 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rab23 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rab23 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rab23 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab23 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rab23 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rab23 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab23 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rab23 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rab26 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rab26 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rab26 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rab26 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rab26 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab26 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rab26 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rab26 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab26 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rab26 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rab39 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rab39 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rab39 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rab39 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rab39 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab39 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rab39 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rab39 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab39 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rab39 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rab3 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rab3 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rab3 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rab3 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rab3 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab3 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rab3 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rab3 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab3 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rab3 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rab5 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rab5 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rab5 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rab5 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rab5 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab5 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rab5 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rab5 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab5 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rab5 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rab6 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rab6 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rab6 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rab6 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rab6 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab6 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rab6 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rab6 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab6 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rab6 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component RabGAP10 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RabGAP10 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RabGAP10 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabGAP11 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RabGAP11 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RabGAP11 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabGAP12 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RabGAP12 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function RabGAP12 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RabGAP12 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabGAP2 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RabGAP2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function RabGAP2 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RabGAP2 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabGAP3 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RabGAP3 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RabGAP3 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabGAP4 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RabGAP4 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RabGAP4 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabGAP5 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RabGAP5 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RabGAP5 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabGAP6 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RabGAP6 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function RabGAP6 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RabGAP6 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabGAP7 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RabGAP7 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RabGAP7 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabGAP8 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RabGAP8 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RabGAP8 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabGAP9 GO:0005097_13174_23 Rab GTPase activator activity "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RabGAP9 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RabGAP9 GO:0032313_6281_23 regulation of Rab GTPase activity "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Rab family." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab-RP3 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rab-RP3 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rab-RP3 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rab-RP3 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rab-RP3 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab-RP3 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rab-RP3 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rab-RP3 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab-RP3 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rab-RP3 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rab-RP4 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rab-RP4 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rab-RP4 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rab-RP4 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rab-RP4 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab-RP4 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rab-RP4 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rab-RP4 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rab-RP4 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rab-RP4 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component RabX4 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function RabX4 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function RabX4 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RabX4 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process RabX4 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabX4 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RabX4 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process RabX4 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabX4 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process RabX4 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component RabX5 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function RabX5 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function RabX5 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RabX5 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process RabX5 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabX5 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RabX5 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process RabX5 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabX5 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process RabX5 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component RabX6 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function RabX6 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function RabX6 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RabX6 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process RabX6 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabX6 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RabX6 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process RabX6 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RabX6 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process RabX6 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rac GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rac GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rac GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rac GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rac GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rac GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rac GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rac GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rac GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rac GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rack1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Rad1 GO:0003684_13174_11 damaged DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with damaged DNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Rad1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Rad1 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process Rad1 GO:0008853_13174_1 exodeoxyribonuclease III activity "Catalysis of the degradation of double-stranded DNA. It acts progressively in a 3' to 5' direction, releasing 5'-phosphomononucleotides." [EC:3.1.11.2] IEA molecular_function rad50 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function rad50 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Rad51 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rad51 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Rad51 GO:0003684_13174_11 damaged DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with damaged DNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Rad51 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rad51 GO:0006259_6281_7 DNA metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rad51 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process Rad51 GO:0008094_13174_2 DNA-dependent ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; this reaction requires the presence of single- or double-stranded DNA, and it drives another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Rad51 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Rad54 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Rad54 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Rad54 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rad54 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function rad GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Raf1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Raf1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Raf1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Raf1 GO:0005057_13174_4 receptor signaling protein activity "Conveys a signal from an upstream receptor or intracellular signal transducer, converting the signal into a form where it can ultimately trigger a change in the state or activity of a cell." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Raf1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Raf1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Raf1 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Raf1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Raf1 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process RagA GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function RagA GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component RagA GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component RagA GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RagA GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rala GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rala GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rala GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rala GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rala GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rala GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rala GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rala GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rala GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rala GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Ranbp11 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ranbp11 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ranbp11 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ranbp16 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ranbp16 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ranbp16 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ranbp21 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ranbp21 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ranbp21 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function RANBP2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function RANBP2 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RANBP2 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function RANBP2 GO:0046907_6281_7 intracellular transport "The directed movement of substances within a cell." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process ran GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function ran GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ran GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component ran GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process ran GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process ran GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process ran GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process ran GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process ran GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process ran GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rap2l GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rap2l GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rap2l GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rap2l GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rap2l GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rap2l GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rap2l GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rap2l GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rap2l GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rap2l GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rapgap1 GO:0005096_13174_14 GTPase activator activity "Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Rapgap1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rapgap1 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process raps GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function raps GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process raps GO:0030695_13174_3 GTPase regulator activity "Modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Rasa3 GO:0005096_13174_14 GTPase activator activity "Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Rasa3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Rasa3 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rasa3 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rasa3 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Rasa3 GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process ras GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function ras GO:0003938_13174_1 IMP dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: inosine 5'-phosphate + NAD+ + H2O = xanthosine 5'-phosphate + NADH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.205] IEA molecular_function ras GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ras GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ras GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Rassf GO:0003913_13174_3 DNA photolyase activity "Catalysis of the repair of a photoproduct resulting from ultraviolet irradiation of two adjacent pyrimidine residues in DNA." [GOC:mah, PMID:11124949] IEA molecular_function Rassf GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process Rassf GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rassf GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rbcn-3A GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Rbcn-3B GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Rbf GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Rbf GO:0051726_6281_9 regulation of cell cycle "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Rbsn-5 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rbsn-5 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rbsn-5 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function rdgA GO:0004143_13174_8 diacylglycerol kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + 1,2-diacylglycerol = NDP + 1,2-diacylglycerol-3-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.107, GOC:elh] IEA molecular_function rdgA GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function rdgA GO:0007205_6281_8 protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of protein kinase C (PKC). PKC is activated by second messengers including diacylglycerol (DAG)." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process rdgA GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process rdgBbeta GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component rdgBbeta GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process rdgB GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component rdgB GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process rdgB GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rdl GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rdl GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component rec GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function rec GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function rec GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function rec GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process rec GO:0015979_6281_4 photosynthesis "The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide (CO2) using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process rec GO:0015995_6281_4 chlorophyll biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, from less complex precursors." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process rec GO:0016851_13174_4 magnesium chelatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H(2)O + Mg(2+) + protoporphyrin IX = ADP + 2 H(+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX + phosphate." [EC:6.6.1.1, RHEA:13964] IEA molecular_function rec GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function rec GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Reck GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Reck GO:0030414_13174_13 peptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function RecQ4 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function RecQ4 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function RecQ4 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function RecQ4 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process RecQ4 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function RecQ4 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function RecQ5 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function RecQ5 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function RecQ5 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function RecQ5 GO:0006310_6281_20 DNA recombination "Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process RecQ5 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ref(2)P GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ref(2)P GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function rempA GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function repo GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function repo GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function repo GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component repo GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process repo GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Reps GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Reps GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Reptin GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Reptin GO:0003678_13174_3 DNA helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA helix." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Reptin GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Reptin GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Rev1 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rev1 GO:0003684_13174_11 damaged DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with damaged DNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Rev1 GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rev1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rev1 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process Rev1 GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rfabg GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rfabg GO:0005319_13174_12 lipid transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rfabg GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rfabg GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rfabg GO:0006869_6281_13 lipid transport "The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rfabg GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process RfC38 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function RfC38 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function RfC38 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RfC38 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function RfC4 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function RfC4 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function RfC4 GO:0003689_13174_6 DNA clamp loader activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the opening of the ring structure of the PCNA complex, or any of the related sliding clamp complexes, and their closing around the DNA duplex." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:16082778] IEA molecular_function RfC4 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function RfC4 GO:0005663_3650_6 DNA replication factor C complex "A complex of five polypeptides in eukaryotes, and two in prokaryotes, that loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA, thereby permitting processive DNA synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase." [PMID:14614842, PMID:14646196, PMID:16172520] IEA cellular_component RfC4 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RfC4 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function RFeSP GO:0008121_13174_9 ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: CoQH2 + 2 ferricytochrome c = CoQ + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H+." [EC:1.10.2.2, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function RFeSP GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function RFeSP GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function RFeSP GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Rfwd3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Rfwd3 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rga GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Rga GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Rgk1 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rgk1 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rgk1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rgk1 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rgk1 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rgk1 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rgk1 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rgk1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rgl GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Rgl GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rgl GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rgl GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rgl GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process R GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function R GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function R GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component R GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process R GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process R GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process R GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process R GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process R GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process R GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rheb GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rheb GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rheb GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rheb GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rheb GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rheb GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rheb GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rheb GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Rho1 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rho1 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rho1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rho1 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Rho1 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rho1 GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rho1 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Rho1 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rho1 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Rho1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component rho-5 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function rho-5 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component rho-6 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function rho-6 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component rho-7 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function rho-7 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component RhoBTB GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function RhoBTB GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function RhoBTB GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function RhoBTB GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RhoBTB GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process RhoBTB GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process RhoBTB GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RhoBTB GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process RhoBTB GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component RhoGAPp190 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function RhoGAPp190 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function RhoGAPp190 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RhoGAPp190 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process RhoGAPp190 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process RhoGAPp190 GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RhoGAPp190 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process RhoGAPp190 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component RhoGDI GO:0005094_13174_1 Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity "Prevents the dissociation of GDP from the small GTPase Rho, thereby preventing GTP from binding." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RhoGDI GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component RhoGEF2 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RhoGEF2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function RhoGEF2 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RhoGEF2 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component RhoGEF2 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process RhoGEF2 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process RhoGEF2 GO:0038032_6281_14 termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "The signaling process in which G-protein coupled receptor signaling is brought to an end. For example, through the action of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that act to accelerate hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on G-alpha proteins, thereby terminating the transduced signal." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process RhoGEF4 GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RhoGEF4 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RhoGEF4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function RhoGEF4 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RhoGEF4 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process RhoGEF4 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process ric8a GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ric GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Ric GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ric GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Ric GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Ric GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ric GO:0006913_6281_43 nucleocytoplasmic transport "The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Ric GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Ric GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ric GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Ric GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component rin GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function rin GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component rin GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rip11 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function RIP1 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Ripk5 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Ripk5 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Ripk5 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Ripk5 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ripk5 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Ripk5 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function rl GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function rl GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function rl GO:0004707_13174_6 MAP kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein + ATP = protein phosphate + ADP. This reaction is the phosphorylation of proteins. Mitogen-activated protein kinase; a family of protein kinases that perform a crucial step in relaying signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. They are activated by a wide range of proliferation- or differentiation-inducing signals; activation is strong with agonists such as polypeptide growth factors and tumor-promoting phorbol esters, but weak (in most cell backgrounds) by stress stimuli." [GOC:ma, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function rl GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function rl GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function rl GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process rl GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rme-8 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rme-8 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Rme-8 GO:0031072_13174_29 heat shock protein binding "Interacting selectvely with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RNaseX25 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RNaseX25 GO:0033897_13174_1 ribonuclease T2 activity "Catalysis of the two-stage endonucleolytic cleavage to nucleoside 3'-phosphates and 3'-phosphooligonucleotides with 2',3'-cyclic phosphate intermediates." [EC:3.1.27.1] IEA molecular_function Rnf19 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Rnf19 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rnft2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Rnft2 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function rnh1 GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function rnh1 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function rnh1 GO:0004523_13174_5 ribonuclease H activity "Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA in RNA-DNA hybrids to 5'-phosphomonoesters." [EC:3.1.26.4] IEA molecular_function rno GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function rno GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function rno GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Rnp4F GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Rnp4F GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rnp4F GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RnpS1 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function RnrL GO:0004748_13174_2 ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase activity, thioredoxin disulfide as acceptor "Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = ribonucleoside diphosphate + thioredoxin. Thioredoxin disulfide is the oxidized form of thioredoxin." [EC:1.17.4.1] IEA molecular_function RnrL GO:0005971_3650_1 ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase complex "An enzyme complex composed of 2-4 or more subunits, which usually contains nonheme iron and requires ATP for catalysis. Catalyzes the formation of 2'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate from ribonucleoside diphosphate, using either thioredoxin disulfide or glutaredoxin disulfide as an acceptor." [BRENDA:1.17.4.1] IEA cellular_component RnrL GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RnrL GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process RnrS GO:0004748_13174_2 ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase activity, thioredoxin disulfide as acceptor "Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = ribonucleoside diphosphate + thioredoxin. Thioredoxin disulfide is the oxidized form of thioredoxin." [EC:1.17.4.1] IEA molecular_function RnrS GO:0009186_6281_1 deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process RnrS GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function RnrS GO:0046914_13174_11 transition metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transition metal ions; a transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function RnrS GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process robo GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Roc1a GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Roc1a GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Roc2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Roc2 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Roe1 GO:0000774_13174_1 adenyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the hydrolysis and exchange of adenyl nucleotides by other proteins." [GOC:kd] IEA molecular_function Roe1 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process Roe1 GO:0042803_13174_1 protein homodimerization activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Roe1 GO:0051087_13174_4 chaperone binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a chaperone protein, a class of proteins that bind to nascent or unfolded polypeptides and ensure correct folding or transport." [http://www.onelook.com] IEA molecular_function rok GO:0000910_6281_1 cytokinesis "A cellular process resulting in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell and its separation into two daughter cells. Cytokinesis usually occurs after growth, replication, and segregation of cellular components." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process rok GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function rok GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function rok GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function rok GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function rok GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function rok GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process rok GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function rok GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Rop GO:0006904_6281_12 vesicle docking involved in exocytosis "The initial attachment of a vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane, that contributes to exocytosis." [GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Rop GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process roq GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function roq GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function roq GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ror GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Ror GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Ror GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Ror GO:0004714_13174_8 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity "Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10.1, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Ror GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ror GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ror GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Ror GO:0007169_6281_9 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:ceb, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process Ror GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Ror GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rox8 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function RPA2 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function RpA-70 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function RpA-70 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function RpA-70 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component RpA-70 GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rpb10 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Rpb10 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function Rpb10 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Rpb11 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Rpb11 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function Rpb11 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Rpb11 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rpb8 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process RPC5 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function RPC5 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component RPC5 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Rph GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Rph GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Rph GO:0017137_13174_2 Rab GTPase binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rab protein, any member of the Rab subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpI135 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function RpI135 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function RpI135 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component RpI135 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process RpI1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function RpI1 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function RpI1 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Rpia GO:0004751_13174_1 ribose-5-phosphate isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribose 5-phosphate = D-ribulose 5-phosphate." [EC:5.3.1.6, RHEA:14660] IEA molecular_function Rpia GO:0009052_6281_1 pentose-phosphate shunt, non-oxidative branch "The branch of the pentose-phosphate shunt which does not involve oxidation reactions. It comprises a series of sugar phosphate interconversions, starting with ribulose 5-P and producing fructose 6-P and glyceraldehyde 3-P." [ISBN:0198506732, MetaCyc:NONOXIPENT-PWY] IEA biological_process RpII140 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function RpII140 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function RpII140 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process RpII15 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function RpII15 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function RpII15 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function RpII15 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process RpII15 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function RpII215 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function RpII215 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function RpII215 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process RpIII128 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function RpIII128 GO:0003899_13174_31 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'." [EC:2.7.7.6] IEA molecular_function RpIII128 GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process RpL10Ab GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL10Ab GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL10Ab GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL10Ab GO:0015934_3650_6 large ribosomal subunit "The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL10 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL10 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL10 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL10 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL11 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL11 GO:0004984_13174_190 olfactory receptor activity "Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity in response to detection of smell." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:19135896, PMID:21041441] IEA molecular_function RpL11 GO:0005549_13174_211 odorant binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544] IEA molecular_function RpL11 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL11 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL11 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component RpL11 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL11 GO:0007021_6281_6 tubulin complex assembly "The aggregation and bonding together of alpha- and beta-tubulin to form a tubulin heterodimer." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RpL11 GO:0007608_6281_190 sensory perception of smell "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] IEA biological_process RpL11 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component RpL11 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function RpL12 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL12 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL12 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL13A GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL13A GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL13A GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL13A GO:0015934_3650_6 large ribosomal subunit "The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL13 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL13 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL13 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL13 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL14 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL14 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL14 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL14 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL15 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL15 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL15 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL15 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL17 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL17 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL17 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL17 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL17 GO:0015934_3650_6 large ribosomal subunit "The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL18A GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL18A GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL18A GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL18 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL18 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL18 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL18 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL19 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL19 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL19 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL19 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL21 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL21 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL21 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL21 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL22 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL22 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL22 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL22 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL23A GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL23A GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL23A GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL23A GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL23A GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL23 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL23 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL23 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL26 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL26 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL26 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL26 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL26 GO:0015934_3650_6 large ribosomal subunit "The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL27 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL27 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL27 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL27 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL28 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL28 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL28 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL28 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL29 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL29 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL29 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL29 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL31 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL31 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL31 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL31 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL32 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL32 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL32 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL32 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL34 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL34 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL34 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL34 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL35A GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL35A GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL35A GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL35A GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL36A GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL36A GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL36A GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL36A GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL36 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL36 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL36 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL36 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL37A GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL37A GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL37A GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL37A GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL37 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL37 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL37 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL37 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL38 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL38 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL38 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL38 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rpl39 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Rpl39 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rpl39 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rpl39 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL3 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL3 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL3 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL3 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL40 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL40 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function RpL40 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL40 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL4 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL4 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL4 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL5 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL5 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL5 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL5 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL6 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL6 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL6 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL6 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL7A GO:0030529_3650_4 ribonucleoprotein complex "A macromolecular complex containing both protein and RNA molecules." [GOC:krc] IEA cellular_component RpL7A GO:0042254_6281_10 ribosome biogenesis "A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process RpL7 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL7 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL7 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL7 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL8 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL8 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL8 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL8 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL9 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpL9 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL9 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpL9 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpL9 GO:0019843_13174_4 rRNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ribosomal RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function RpLP0 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpLP0 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpLP0 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpLP0 GO:0006414_6281_12 translational elongation "The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis." [GOC:ems] IEA biological_process RpLP0 GO:0042254_6281_10 ribosome biogenesis "A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process RpLP1 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpLP1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpLP1 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpLP1 GO:0006414_6281_12 translational elongation "The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis." [GOC:ems] IEA biological_process RpLP2 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpLP2 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpLP2 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpLP2 GO:0006414_6281_12 translational elongation "The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis." [GOC:ems] IEA biological_process Rpn11 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Rpn1 GO:0004579_13174_3 dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycotransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: dolichyl diphosphooligosaccharide + protein L-asparagine = dolichyl diphosphate + a glycoprotein with the oligosaccharide chain attached by glycosylamine linkage to protein L-asparagine." [EC:2.4.1.119] IEA molecular_function Rpn1 GO:0005783_3650_14 endoplasmic reticulum "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rpn1 GO:0006486_6281_13 protein glycosylation "A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins." [GOC:curators, GOC:pr] IEA biological_process Rpn1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Rpn3 GO:0000502_3650_2 proteasome complex "A large multisubunit complex which catalyzes protein degradation. This complex consists of the barrel shaped proteasome core complex and one or two associated proteins or complexes that act in regulating entry into or exit from the core." [GOC:rb] IEA cellular_component Rpn3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Rpn3 GO:0030234_13174_2 enzyme regulator activity "Modulates the activity of an enzyme." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Rpn3 GO:0042176_6281_2 regulation of protein catabolic process "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Rpn5 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Rpn9 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function RpS11 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS11 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS11 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS11 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS12 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS12 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS12 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS12 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS13 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS13 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS13 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS13 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rps14 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Rps14 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rps14 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rps14 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS15 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS15 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS15 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS15 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS15 GO:0015935_3650_10 small ribosomal subunit "The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component RpS16 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS16 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS16 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS16 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS17 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS17 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS17 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS17 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS18 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function RpS18 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS18 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS18 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS18 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS18 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS19a GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS19a GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS19a GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS19a GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS20 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS20 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS20 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS20 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS20 GO:0015935_3650_10 small ribosomal subunit "The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component RpS26 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS26 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS26 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS26 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS27A GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS27A GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function RpS27A GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS27A GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS27A GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS27 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS27 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS27 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS27 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS2 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS2 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS2 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS2 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS2 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS2 GO:0015935_3650_10 small ribosomal subunit "The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component RpS30 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS30 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function RpS30 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS30 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS30 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS3A GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS3A GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS3A GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS3A GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS3 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS3 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS3 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS3 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS3 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS3 GO:0015935_3650_10 small ribosomal subunit "The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component RpS5a GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS5a GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS5a GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS5a GO:0015935_3650_10 small ribosomal subunit "The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component RpS7 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS7 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS7 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS7 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Rps8 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Rps8 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rps8 GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rps8 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS9 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS9 GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpS9 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpS9 GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpS9 GO:0015935_3650_10 small ribosomal subunit "The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component RpS9 GO:0019843_13174_4 rRNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ribosomal RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function RpSA GO:0003735_13174_121 structural constituent of ribosome "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function RpSA GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpSA GO:0005840_3650_115 ribosome "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RpSA GO:0006412_6281_122 translation "The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process RpSA GO:0015935_3650_10 small ribosomal subunit "The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Rpt1 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rpt1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rpt1 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Rpt1 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rpt1 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Rpt1 GO:0030163_6281_11 protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RPTOR GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function RPTOR GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Rrp1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Rrp1 GO:0004518_13174_9 nuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rrp1 GO:0004519_13174_5 endonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by creating internal breaks." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Rrp1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rrp1 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process Rsf1 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Rtc1 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Rtc1 GO:0005730_3650_2 nucleolus "A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Rtc1 GO:0042254_6281_10 ribosome biogenesis "A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process rtet GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component rtet GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Rtf1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Rtf1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Rtf1 GO:0006352_6281_14 DNA-dependent transcription, initiation "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:jid, GOC:txnOH, PMID:18280161] IEA biological_process Rtf1 GO:0016570_6281_1 histone modification "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a histone protein." [GOC:krc] IEA biological_process rtGEF GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function rtGEF GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function rtGEF GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component rtGEF GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process rump GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Rx GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Rx GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Rx GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Rx GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Rx GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Rx GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Rx GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function RYBP GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component RYBP GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function RyR GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function RyR GO:0005219_13174_1 ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when a ryanodine class ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function RyR GO:0005262_13174_2 calcium channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a calcium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:mtg_transport, GOC:pr, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function RyR GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function RyR GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process RyR GO:0006874_6281_1 cellular calcium ion homeostasis "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions at the level of a cell." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process RyR GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component RyR GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component RyR GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process RyR GO:0070588_6281_3 calcium ion transmembrane transport "A process in which a calcium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process S6kII GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function S6kII GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function S6kII GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function S6kII GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function S6kII GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function S6kII GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process S6kII GO:0007243_6281_1 intracellular protein kinase cascade "A series of reactions in which a signal is passed on to downstream proteins within the cell by sequential protein phosphorylation and activation of the cascade components." [GOC:bf, GOC:jl, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process S6kII GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Sac1 GO:0042578_13174_5 phosphoric ester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RPO-R' + H2O = RPOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any phosphoric ester bond, any ester formed from orthophosphoric acid, O=P(OH)3." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function SAK GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function SAK GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function SAK GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function SAK GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SAK GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process SAK GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Sans GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Sap-r GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Sara GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function sax GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function sax GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function sax GO:0004675_13174_5 transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [EC:2.7.11.30] IEA molecular_function sax GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function sax GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function sax GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process sax GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component sax GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Sbf GO:0004190_13174_12 aspartic-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Sbf GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Sbf GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Sbf GO:0016311_6281_35 dephosphorylation "The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Sbf GO:0016791_13174_46 phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function Sbf GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process sca GO:0005102_13174_13 receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function sca GO:0005615_3650_7 extracellular space "That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component sca GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Scamp GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Scamp GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component scat GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function scat GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component scat GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function scat GO:0042147_6281_1 retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi "The directed movement of membrane-bounded vesicles from endosomes back to the trans-Golgi network where they are recycled for further rounds of transport." [GOC:jl, PMID:10873832, PMID:16936697] IEA biological_process Sce GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Sce GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function scf GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Scgalpha GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Scgalpha GO:0016012_3650_4 sarcoglycan complex "A protein complex formed of four sarcoglycans plus sarcospan; there are six known sarcoglycans: alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-sarcoglycan; all are N-glycosylated single-pass transmembrane proteins. The sarcoglycan-sarcospan complex is a subcomplex of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex, and is fixed to the dystrophin axis by a lateral association with the dystroglycan complex." [PMID:15117830, PMID:16710609] IEA cellular_component Scgalpha GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Scgdelta GO:0007010_6281_12 cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Scgdelta GO:0016012_3650_4 sarcoglycan complex "A protein complex formed of four sarcoglycans plus sarcospan; there are six known sarcoglycans: alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-sarcoglycan; all are N-glycosylated single-pass transmembrane proteins. The sarcoglycan-sarcospan complex is a subcomplex of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex, and is fixed to the dystrophin axis by a lateral association with the dystroglycan complex." [PMID:15117830, PMID:16710609] IEA cellular_component Scgdelta GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Scm GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Scm GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Scm GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Scm GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Scm GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Scp1 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Scp2 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function scra GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SCR-B10 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process SCR-B10 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component SCR-B1 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process SCR-B1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component SCR-B2 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process SCR-B2 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component SCR-B4 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process SCR-B4 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component SCR-B5 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process SCR-B5 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component SCR-B6 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process SCR-B6 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component SCR-B7 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process SCR-B7 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component SCR-B8 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process SCR-B8 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component SCR-B9 GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process SCR-B9 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component SCR-C GO:0005044_13174_8 scavenger receptor activity "Combining with any modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or other polyanionic ligand and delivering the ligand into the cell via endocytosis. Ligands include acetylated and oxidized LDL, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, apoptotic cells, beta-amyloid fibrils, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs)." [GOC:bf, PMID:11790542, PMID:12379907, PMID:12621157, PMID:20981357] IEA molecular_function SCR-C GO:0006955_6281_5 immune response "Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05] IEA biological_process SCR-C GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process SCR-C GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component SCR-C GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component SCR-C GO:0030247_13174_2 polysaccharide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any polysaccharide, a polymer of more than 20 monosaccharide residues joined by glycosidic linkages." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Scr GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Scr GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Scr GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Scr GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Scr GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Scsalpha GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Scsalpha GO:0003878_13174_2 ATP citrate synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + ADP + H(+) + oxaloacetate + phosphate = ATP + citrate + CoA." [EC:2.3.3.8, RHEA:21163] IEA molecular_function Scsalpha GO:0004775_13174_2 succinate-CoA ligase (ADP-forming) activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + succinate + CoA = ADP + succinyl-CoA + phosphate." [EC:6.2.1.5] IEA molecular_function Scsalpha GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Scsalpha GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Sdc GO:0008092_13174_4 cytoskeletal protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein component of any cytoskeleton (actin, microtubule, or intermediate filament cytoskeleton)." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Sdc GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component sd GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function sd GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function sd GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component sd GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process SdhA GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process SdhA GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SdhA GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SdhA GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function SdhA GO:0022900_6281_4 electron transport chain "A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient." [GOC:mtg_electron_transport] IEA biological_process SdhA GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SdhA GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process SdhC GO:0000104_13174_1 succinate dehydrogenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: succinate + acceptor = fumarate + reduced acceptor." [EC:1.3.99.1, GOC:kd] IEA molecular_function SdhC GO:0006099_6281_16 tricarboxylic acid cycle "A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process SdhC GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SdhC GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component SdhC GO:0016627_13174_18 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function SdhC GO:0045282_3650_1 plasma membrane succinate dehydrogenase complex "A multimeric complex which consists of flavoprotein (subunit A ; InterPro:IPR003952), iron-sulfur protein (subunit B) and membrane-bound cytochrome b560 (subunit C; InterPro:IPR000701). In some Archaea, the membrane-bound subunits (C or C and D) do not necessarily contain heme. Membrane-bound subunits can bind/react with quinones. Examples of this component are found in Bacterial species." [GOC:kd, GOC:mtg_sensu, InterPro:IPR000701] IEA cellular_component sec15 GO:0000145_3650_2 exocyst "A protein complex peripherally associated with the plasma membrane that determines where vesicles dock and fuse. At least eight complex components are conserved between yeast and mammals." [PMID:9700152] IEA cellular_component sec15 GO:0006904_6281_12 vesicle docking involved in exocytosis "The initial attachment of a vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane, that contributes to exocytosis." [GOC:jid] IEA biological_process sec31 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Sec61alpha GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Sec61alpha GO:0015450_13174_5 P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven protein transmembrane transporter activity "Primary active carrier-mediated transport of a protein across a membrane, driven by the hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond of inorganic pyrophosphate, ATP, or another nucleoside triphosphate. The transport protein may or may not be transiently phosphorylated, but the substrate is not phosphorylated." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Sec61alpha GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component sec6 GO:0004784_13174_5 superoxide dismutase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 superoxide + 2 H+ = O2 + hydrogen peroxide." [EC:1.15.1.1] IEA molecular_function sec6 GO:0006801_6281_6 superoxide metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving superoxide, the superoxide anion O2- (superoxide free radical), or any compound containing this species." [CHEBI:18421, GOC:jl] IEA biological_process sec6 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function sec6 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process sec71 GO:0005086_13174_7 ARF guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with the GTPase ARF. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function sec71 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function sec71 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component sec71 GO:0032012_6281_7 regulation of ARF protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ARF protein signal transduction." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SelD GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SelD GO:0004756_13174_1 selenide, water dikinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H(2)O + hydrogen selenide = AMP + 3 H(+) + phosphate + selenophosphorate." [EC:2.7.9.3, RHEA:18740] IEA molecular_function SelD GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Sema-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Sema-1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Sema-2a GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Sema-5c GO:0004872_13174_13 receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Sema-5c GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Sema-5c GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Sema-5c GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Ser GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ser GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ser GO:0007154_6281_27 cell communication "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ser GO:0007219_6281_4 Notch signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process Ser GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Ser GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Ser GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Ser GO:0030154_6281_4 cell differentiation "The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Ser GO:0030414_13174_13 peptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function serp GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function serp GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function serp GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component serp GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process serp GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process serp GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function serp GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function serpin-3 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function serpin-3 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function serpin-3 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function serpin-3 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function serpin-3 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function serpin-3 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function serpin-3 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function serpin-3 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function sev GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function sev GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function sev GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function sev GO:0004714_13174_8 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity "Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10.1, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function sev GO:0004896_13174_2 cytokine receptor activity "Combining with a cytokine and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function sev GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function sev GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function sev GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process sev GO:0007169_6281_9 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:ceb, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process sev GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component sev GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SF3A1 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function SF3A1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SF3A1 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SF3A3 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function SF3A3 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component SF3A3 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component SF3A3 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function SF3B3 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function SF3B3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SF3B3 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Sfmbt GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Sfmbt GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Sfmbt GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Sfmbt GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Sfrs7 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Sfrs7 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function sGCbeta-3 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function sGCbeta-3 GO:0004383_13174_4 guanylate cyclase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP = 3',5'-cyclic GMP + diphosphate." [EC:4.6.1.2] IEA molecular_function sGCbeta-3 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function sGCbeta-3 GO:0006182_6281_4 cGMP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyclic GMP, guanosine 3',5'-phosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process sGCbeta-3 GO:0006306_6281_11 DNA methylation "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine." [GOC:ems, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process sGCbeta-3 GO:0009190_6281_20 cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cyclic nucleotide, a nucleotide in which the phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process sGCbeta-3 GO:0016849_13174_20 phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function sGCbeta-3 GO:0020037_13174_97 heme binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring." [CHEBI:30413, GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function sGCbeta-3 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process sgg GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function sgg GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function sgg GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function sgg GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function sgg GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process sgg GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Sgt1 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Sgt GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Shal GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Shal GO:0005249_13174_12 voltage-gated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Shal GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Shal GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Shal GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Shal GO:0008076_3650_11 voltage-gated potassium channel complex "A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Shal GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Shal GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Shaw GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Shaw GO:0005249_13174_12 voltage-gated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Shaw GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Shaw GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Shaw GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Shaw GO:0008076_3650_11 voltage-gated potassium channel complex "A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Shaw GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Shaw GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process shi GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function shi GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function shi GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function shn GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component shn GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function shot GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function shot GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function shot GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function shot GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component shot GO:0007050_6281_6 cell cycle arrest "A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M)." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process shot GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process shot GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component shrb GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Shroom GO:0000902_6281_1 cell morphogenesis "The developmental process in which the size or shape of a cell is generated and organized." [GOC:clt, GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Shroom GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component shroud GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process shroud GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function shu GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SIFR GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process SIFR GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component sim GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function sim GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function sim GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process sim GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Sin3A GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Sin3A GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process sina GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function sina GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component sina GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process sina GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process sina GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Sir2 GO:0006476_6281_6 protein deacetylation "The removal of an acetyl group from a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Sir2 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Sir2 GO:0070403_13174_6 NAD+ binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the oxidized form, NAD, of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Sirt2 GO:0006476_6281_6 protein deacetylation "The removal of an acetyl group from a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Sirt2 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Sirt2 GO:0016811_13174_2 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a linear amide." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Sirt2 GO:0051287_13174_22 NAD binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Sirt2 GO:0070403_13174_6 NAD+ binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the oxidized form, NAD, of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Sirt4 GO:0006476_6281_6 protein deacetylation "The removal of an acetyl group from a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Sirt4 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Sirt4 GO:0070403_13174_6 NAD+ binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the oxidized form, NAD, of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Sirt5 GO:0006476_6281_6 protein deacetylation "The removal of an acetyl group from a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Sirt5 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Sirt5 GO:0070403_13174_6 NAD+ binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the oxidized form, NAD, of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Sirt6 GO:0006476_6281_6 protein deacetylation "The removal of an acetyl group from a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Sirt6 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Sirt6 GO:0070403_13174_6 NAD+ binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the oxidized form, NAD, of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Sirt7 GO:0006476_6281_6 protein deacetylation "The removal of an acetyl group from a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Sirt7 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Sirt7 GO:0070403_13174_6 NAD+ binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the oxidized form, NAD, of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Six4 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Six4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Six4 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Six4 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Six4 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function siz GO:0005086_13174_7 ARF guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with the GTPase ARF. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function siz GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function siz GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component siz GO:0032012_6281_7 regulation of ARF protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ARF protein signal transduction." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process skf GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SK GO:0005516_13174_4 calmodulin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calmodulin, a calcium-binding protein with many roles, both in the calcium-bound and calcium-free states." [GOC:krc] IEA molecular_function SK GO:0006813_6281_22 potassium ion transport "The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process SK GO:0015269_13174_4 calcium-activated potassium channel activity "Catalysis of the calcium concentration-regulatable energy-independent passage of potassium ions across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_transport] IEA molecular_function SK GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component SKIP GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function skp1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function skp1 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Skp2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function slbo GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function slbo GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function slbo GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process slbo GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function slbo GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Slc35b1 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Slc5a12 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function Slc5a12 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Slc5a12 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Slc5a12 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process sl GO:0004435_13174_8 phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H(2)O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + H(+)." [EC:3.1.4.11, RHEA:23915] IEA molecular_function sl GO:0004629_13174_12 phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phospholipid + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + a phosphatidate." [EC:3.1.4.3, EC:3.1.4.4, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function sl GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function sl GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process sl GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process sl GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function sl GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process sli GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function sli GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Slip1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function sll GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process slmb GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function slou GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function slou GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function slou GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component slou GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process slou GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function slp GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function slp GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process slp GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Slu7 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Slu7 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function SMAD3 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function SMAD3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SMAD3 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component SMAD3 GO:0005667_3650_10 transcription factor complex "A protein complex, distinct from RNA polymerase, that associates with DNA at promoters or at cis-acting regulatory sequences, by direct binding or by interaction with other DNA-binding polypeptides or complexes, and regulates transcription." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component SMAD3 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process SMAD3 GO:0007179_6281_7 transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process Smad4 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Smad4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Smad4 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Smad4 GO:0005667_3650_10 transcription factor complex "A protein complex, distinct from RNA polymerase, that associates with DNA at promoters or at cis-acting regulatory sequences, by direct binding or by interaction with other DNA-binding polypeptides or complexes, and regulates transcription." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Smad4 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Smad4 GO:0007179_6281_7 transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process SMC1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SMC1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SMC1 GO:0005694_3650_11 chromosome "A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component SMC1 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function SMC1 GO:0051276_6281_4 chromosome organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of chromosomes, structures composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins that carries hereditary information." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SMC2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SMC2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SMC2 GO:0005694_3650_11 chromosome "A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component SMC2 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function SMC2 GO:0051276_6281_4 chromosome organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of chromosomes, structures composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins that carries hereditary information." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SMC4 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function SMC4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SMC4 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SMC4 GO:0005694_3650_11 chromosome "A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component SMC4 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function SMC4 GO:0051276_6281_4 chromosome organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of chromosomes, structures composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins that carries hereditary information." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process smid GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function smid GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function smid GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function smid GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function smo GO:0004888_13174_16 transmembrane signaling receptor activity "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] IEA molecular_function smo GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function smo GO:0007166_6281_18 cell surface receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process smo GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component SMSr GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SMSr GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component SMSr GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function smt3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Smyd5 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Smyd5 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Snail GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Snail GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Snail GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Snail GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Snap GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Snap GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SNF1A GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function SNF1A GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function SNF1A GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function SNF1A GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SNF1A GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process SNF1A GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Snf GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function sn GO:0030674_13174_1 protein binding, bridging "The binding activity of a molecule that brings together two or more protein molecules, or a protein and another macromolecule or complex, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function sn GO:0051015_13174_2 actin filament binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an actin filament, also known as F-actin, a helical filamentous polymer of globular G-actin subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function sni GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process sni GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Snoo GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Snoo GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Snoo GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Snr1 GO:0000228_3650_2 nuclear chromosome "A chromosome found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Snr1 GO:0006338_6281_2 chromatin remodeling "Dynamic structural changes to eukaryotic chromatin occurring throughout the cell division cycle. These changes range from the local changes necessary for transcriptional regulation to global changes necessary for chromosome segregation." [GOC:jid, PMID:12697820] IEA biological_process Snr1 GO:0016585_3650_2 chromatin remodeling complex "Any complex that mediates dynamic changes in eukaryotic chromatin." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component snRNP70K GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Snrpc GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Snrpc GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Snrpc GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Socs-5 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Socs-5 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Socs7 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Socs7 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Sod1 GO:0004784_13174_5 superoxide dismutase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 superoxide + 2 H+ = O2 + hydrogen peroxide." [EC:1.15.1.1] IEA molecular_function Sod1 GO:0006801_6281_6 superoxide metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving superoxide, the superoxide anion O2- (superoxide free radical), or any compound containing this species." [CHEBI:18421, GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Sod1 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Sod1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Sod2 GO:0004784_13174_5 superoxide dismutase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 superoxide + 2 H+ = O2 + hydrogen peroxide." [EC:1.15.1.1] IEA molecular_function Sod2 GO:0006801_6281_6 superoxide metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving superoxide, the superoxide anion O2- (superoxide free radical), or any compound containing this species." [CHEBI:18421, GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Sod2 GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Sod2 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process sog GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function sog GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component sol GO:0004197_13174_24 cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function sol GO:0004198_13174_4 calcium-dependent cysteine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism using a cysteine residue at the enzyme active center, and requiring the presence of calcium." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function sol GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component sol GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process sol GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Sop2 GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function Sop2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Sop2 GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component Sop2 GO:0030833_6281_4 regulation of actin filament polymerization "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin filaments by the addition of actin monomers to a filament." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SORL1 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function SORL1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SORL1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Sos GO:0000786_3650_27 nucleosome "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] IEA cellular_component Sos GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Sos GO:0005085_13174_20 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Sos GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Sos GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Sos GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Sos GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Sos GO:0006334_6281_27 nucleosome assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Sos GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Sos GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process Sos GO:0051056_6281_19 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Sox14 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Sox14 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Sox15 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Sox15 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SP10 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP10 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP10 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP11 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP11 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP11 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP13 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP13 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP13 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP14 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP14 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP14 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP15 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP15 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP15 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP16 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP16 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP16 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP17 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP17 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP17 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP18 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP18 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP18 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP1 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP1 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP1 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP20 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP20 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP20 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SP20 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP21 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP21 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP21 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP22 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP22 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP22 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP23 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP23 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP23 GO:0005044_13174_8 scavenger receptor activity "Combining with any modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or other polyanionic ligand and delivering the ligand into the cell via endocytosis. Ligands include acetylated and oxidized LDL, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, apoptotic cells, beta-amyloid fibrils, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs)." [GOC:bf, PMID:11790542, PMID:12379907, PMID:12621157, PMID:20981357] IEA molecular_function SP23 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP23 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SP23 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component SP23 GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process SP23 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP23 GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP23 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component SP24 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP24 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP24 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP25 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP25 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP25 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP26 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP26 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP26 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP27 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP27 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP27 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP28 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP28 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP28 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP29 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP29 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP29 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP2 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP2 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP2 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP30 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function SP30 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP30 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP30 GO:0005044_13174_8 scavenger receptor activity "Combining with any modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or other polyanionic ligand and delivering the ligand into the cell via endocytosis. Ligands include acetylated and oxidized LDL, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, apoptotic cells, beta-amyloid fibrils, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs)." [GOC:bf, PMID:11790542, PMID:12379907, PMID:12621157, PMID:20981357] IEA molecular_function SP30 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SP30 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP30 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function SP30 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component SP31 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP31 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP31 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP32 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP32 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP32 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP33 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP33 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP33 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP34 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP34 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP34 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP35 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP35 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP35 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP36 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP36 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP36 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP38 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP38 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP38 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP3 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP3 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP3 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP40 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP40 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP40 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SP40 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component SP40 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP40 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process SP40 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process SP40 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function SP44 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP44 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP44 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP45 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP45 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP45 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SP45 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP46 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP46 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP46 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP47 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP47 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP47 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP48 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP48 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP48 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP49 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP49 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP49 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SP49 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP4 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function SP4 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function SP4 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP4 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP4 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process SP4 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP5 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP5 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP5 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP6 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP6 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP6 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP7 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP7 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP7 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP8 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP8 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP8 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SP9 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SP9 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SP9 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process spag GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Spase18-21 GO:0006465_6281_5 signal peptide processing "The proteolytic removal of a signal peptide from a protein during or after transport to a specific location in the cell." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process Spase18-21 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function Spase18-21 GO:0008236_13174_15 serine-type peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function Spase18-21 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Spase18-21 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Spase22-23 GO:0005787_3650_4 signal peptidase complex "A protein complex that is located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and cleaves the signal sequence from precursor proteins following their transport out of the cytoplasmic space." [GOC:sgd_curators, PMID:1846444, PMID:7615509] IEA cellular_component Spase22-23 GO:0006465_6281_5 signal peptide processing "The proteolytic removal of a signal peptide from a protein during or after transport to a specific location in the cell." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA biological_process Spase22-23 GO:0008233_13174_18 peptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] IEA molecular_function Spase22-23 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component spas GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function spas GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function spas GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function spas GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function SPATA20 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SpdS GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Spec2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function spel1 GO:0004866_13174_7 endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an endopeptidase, any enzyme that hydrolyzes nonterminal peptide bonds in polypeptides." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function spel1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function spel1 GO:0006298_6281_7 mismatch repair "A system for the correction of errors in which an incorrect base, which cannot form hydrogen bonds with the corresponding base in the parent strand, is incorporated into the daughter strand. The mismatch repair system promotes genomic fidelity by repairing base-base mismatches, insertion-deletion loops and heterologies generated during DNA replication and recombination." [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11687886] IEA biological_process spel1 GO:0030983_13174_6 mismatched DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded DNA containing one or more mismatches." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function SPH19 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SPH19 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SPH19 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SPH37 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SPH37 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SPH37 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SPH41 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SPH41 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SPH41 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SPH42 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SPH42 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SPH42 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SPH50 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SPH50 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SPH50 GO:0004629_13174_12 phospholipase C activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a phospholipid + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + a phosphatidate." [EC:3.1.4.3, EC:3.1.4.4, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function SPH50 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SPH50 GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process SPH50 GO:0008081_13174_25 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [EC:3.1.4, GOC:curators] IEA molecular_function SPH50 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process SPH51 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SPH51 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SPH51 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SPH52 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SPH52 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SPH52 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SPH53 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SPH53 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SPH53 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SPH54 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SPH54 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SPH54 GO:0005044_13174_8 scavenger receptor activity "Combining with any modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or other polyanionic ligand and delivering the ligand into the cell via endocytosis. Ligands include acetylated and oxidized LDL, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, apoptotic cells, beta-amyloid fibrils, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs)." [GOC:bf, PMID:11790542, PMID:12379907, PMID:12621157, PMID:20981357] IEA molecular_function SPH54 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SPH54 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SPH54 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component SPH55 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SPH55 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SPH55 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SPH56 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SPH56 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SPH56 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function SPH56 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SPH57 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function SPH57 GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function SPH57 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Sply GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Sply GO:0016831_13174_13 carboxy-lyase activity "Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound." [http://www.mercksource.com/] IEA molecular_function Sply GO:0019752_6281_11 carboxylic acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Sply GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function spn-E GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function spn-E GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function spn-E GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function spn-E GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component spn-E GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function spn-E GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Spn GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Spred GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Spred GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Spred GO:0009966_6281_4 regulation of signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction." [GOC:sm] IEA biological_process Spred GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component spt4 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component spt4 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process spt4 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function spt4 GO:0032786_6281_1 positive regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, elongation "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Spt5 GO:0006357_6281_13 regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Spt5 GO:0032784_6281_3 regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, elongation "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Spt5 GO:0032968_6281_1 positive regulation of transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides, catalyzed by RNA polymerase II." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Spt-I GO:0009058_6281_41 biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Spt-I GO:0016769_13174_14 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Spt-I GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Spx GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function sqz GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component sqz GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Sra-1 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component sra GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function sra GO:0019722_6281_1 calcium-mediated signaling "Any intracellular signal transduction in which the signal is passed on within the cell via calcium ions." [GOC:signaling] IEA biological_process Srp14 GO:0005786_3650_1 signal recognition particle, endoplasmic reticulum targeting "A ribonucleoprotein particle of 325 kDa composed of a 7S (300 nucleotide) RNA molecule and a complex of six different polypeptides. This binds both to the N-terminal signal peptide for proteins destined for the endoplasmic reticulum as they emerge from the large ribosomal subunit and also to the ribosome. This binding arrests further translation thereby preventing the proteins from being released into the cytosol. The SRP-ribosome complex then diffuses to the endoplasmic reticulum where it is bound to the signal recognition particle receptor, which allows resumption of protein synthesis and facilitates the passage of the growing polypeptide chain through the translocon. Through a process involving GTP hydrolysis, the SRP-SRP receptor complex dissociates and SRP returns to the cytosol. Of the six polypeptides of SRP the 54 kDa subunit (SRP54) is the central player. It contains an N-terminal GTPase domain and a C-terminal domain that binds directly to the signal peptide and the SRP RNA. Examples of this component are found in Mus musculus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Srp14 GO:0006614_6281_14 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane "The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process Srp14 GO:0008312_13174_6 7S RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 7S RNA, the RNA component of the signal recognition particle (SRP)." [GOC:jl, PMID:6181418] IEA molecular_function Srp14 GO:0030942_13174_1 endoplasmic reticulum signal peptide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an endoplasmic reticulum signal peptide, a specific peptide sequence that acts as a signal to localize the protein within the endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Srp14 GO:0045900_6281_2 negative regulation of translational elongation "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational elongation." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Srp14 GO:0048500_3650_6 signal recognition particle "A complex of protein and RNA which facilitates translocation of proteins across membranes." [GOC:mlg] IEA cellular_component Srp19 GO:0006614_6281_14 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane "The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process Srp19 GO:0008312_13174_6 7S RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 7S RNA, the RNA component of the signal recognition particle (SRP)." [GOC:jl, PMID:6181418] IEA molecular_function Srp19 GO:0048500_3650_6 signal recognition particle "A complex of protein and RNA which facilitates translocation of proteins across membranes." [GOC:mlg] IEA cellular_component Srp54 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Srp9 GO:0006614_6281_14 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane "The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process Srp9 GO:0008312_13174_6 7S RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 7S RNA, the RNA component of the signal recognition particle (SRP)." [GOC:jl, PMID:6181418] IEA molecular_function Srp9 GO:0045900_6281_2 negative regulation of translational elongation "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational elongation." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Srp9 GO:0048500_3650_6 signal recognition particle "A complex of protein and RNA which facilitates translocation of proteins across membranes." [GOC:mlg] IEA cellular_component SrpRbeta GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function SrpRbeta GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component SrpRbeta GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process SrpRbeta GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ssadh GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Ssadh GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ssadh GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Ssb-c31a GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Ssb-c31a GO:0003713_13174_4 transcription coactivator activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a activating transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] IEA molecular_function Ssb-c31a GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Ssdp GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ss GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ss GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ss GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process ss GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Ssl1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ssl1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Ssl1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Ssl1 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process Ssl1 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Ssl1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Ssl1 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process ssp3 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ssp3 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component ssp3 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function SsRbeta GO:0005783_3650_14 endoplasmic reticulum "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component SsRbeta GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Ssrp GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Ssrp GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Ssrp GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Stam GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Stam GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process StARD13 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component StARD13 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process STAT92E-like GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function STAT92E-like GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function STAT92E-like GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function STAT92E-like GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component STAT92E-like GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process STAT92E-like GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process stau GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function stau GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Stg-1 GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Stg-1 GO:0005923_3650_3 tight junction "An occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet; the outer leaflets of the two interacting plasma membranes are seen to be tightly apposed where sealing strands are present. Each sealing strand is composed of a long row of transmembrane adhesion proteins embedded in each of the two interacting plasma membranes." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815332181] IEA cellular_component Stg-1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component st GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function st GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function st GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component st GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function st GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Stim GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Stip GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Stip GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Stk6 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Stk6 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Stk6 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Stk6 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Stk6 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Stk6 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function stmA GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function stmA GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function stnB GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function stnB GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process stnB GO:0006897_6281_3 endocytosis "A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process stnB GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process stnB GO:0030131_3650_9 clathrin adaptor complex "A membrane coat adaptor complex that links clathrin to a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component STXBP5 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function STXBP5 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component STXBP5 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process sty GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process sty GO:0009966_6281_4 regulation of signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction." [GOC:sm] IEA biological_process sty GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Su(dx) GO:0004553_13174_40 hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Su(dx) GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Su(dx) GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Su(dx) GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Su(dx) GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Su(dx) GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Sug GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Sug GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Su(H) GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Su(H) GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Su(H) GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Su(H) GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Su(H) GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process su(Hw) GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function su(Hw) GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component su(Hw) GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Sulf1 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Sulf1 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Sulf1 GO:0008484_13174_9 sulfuric ester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RSO-R' + H2O = RSOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any sulfuric ester bond, any ester formed from sulfuric acid, O=SO(OH)2." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Sur-8 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Surf1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Surf4 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Sur GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Sur GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Sur GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Sur GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Sur GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Sur GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Sur GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Sur GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Sur GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Sur GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Sur GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Sur GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Sur GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Su(var)3-3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Su(var)3-3 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Su(var)3-3 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Su(var)3-3 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Su(var)3-3 GO:0016577_6281_1 histone demethylation "The modification of histones by removal of methyl groups." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Su(var)3-3 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Su(var)3-3 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process su(w[a]) GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function su(w[a]) GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Su(z)12 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Su(z)12 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function SVP GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function SVP GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function SVP GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component SVP GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process SVP GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function SVP GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process SVP GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function swi2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function swm GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function swm GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process swm GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function sws GO:0004622_13174_1 lysophospholipase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate." [EC:3.1.1.5] IEA molecular_function sws GO:0006629_6281_44 lipid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process sws GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process sws GO:0046470_6281_1 phosphatidylcholine metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline. They are important constituents of cell membranes." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process sxc GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function sxc GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component sxc GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Sxl GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function syd GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Syn1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Synd GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Synd GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Synd GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Synd GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Synd GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Synd GO:0006418_6281_40 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation "The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis." [GOC:ma] IEA biological_process Syn GO:0007269_6281_1 neurotransmitter secretion "The regulated release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft. A neurotransmitter is any of a group of substances that are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell. Among the many substances that have the properties of a neurotransmitter are acetylcholine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, dopamine, glycine, gamma-aminobutyrate, glutamic acid, substance P, enkephalins, endorphins and serotonin." [CHEBI:25512, GOC:dph] IEA biological_process Syn GO:0008021_3650_1 synaptic vesicle "A secretory organelle, some 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and is secreted these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the 'active zone' of the presynaptic plasma membrane." [PMID:10099709] IEA cellular_component synj GO:0042578_13174_5 phosphoric ester hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: RPO-R' + H2O = RPOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any phosphoric ester bond, any ester formed from orthophosphoric acid, O=P(OH)3." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function synj GO:0046854_6281_14 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation "The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a phosphatidylinositol, any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Syt12 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Syt14 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Syt1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Syt20 GO:0003993_13174_18 acid phosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum." [EC:3.1.3.2] IEA molecular_function Syt20 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Syt4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Syt7 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Sytalpha GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Syx13 GO:0005484_13174_6 SNAP receptor activity "Acting as a marker to identify a membrane and interacting selectively with one or more SNAREs on another membrane to mediate membrane fusion." [GOC:mah, PMID:14570579] IEA molecular_function Syx13 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Syx13 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Syx13 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Syx13 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Syx16 GO:0005484_13174_6 SNAP receptor activity "Acting as a marker to identify a membrane and interacting selectively with one or more SNAREs on another membrane to mediate membrane fusion." [GOC:mah, PMID:14570579] IEA molecular_function Syx16 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Syx16 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Syx16 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Syx16 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Syx17 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Syx17 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Syx17 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Syx18 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Syx18 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Syx1A GO:0005484_13174_6 SNAP receptor activity "Acting as a marker to identify a membrane and interacting selectively with one or more SNAREs on another membrane to mediate membrane fusion." [GOC:mah, PMID:14570579] IEA molecular_function Syx1A GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Syx1A GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Syx1A GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Syx1A GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Syx6 GO:0005484_13174_6 SNAP receptor activity "Acting as a marker to identify a membrane and interacting selectively with one or more SNAREs on another membrane to mediate membrane fusion." [GOC:mah, PMID:14570579] IEA molecular_function Syx6 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Syx6 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Syx6 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Syx6 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Syx6 GO:0048193_6281_1 Golgi vesicle transport "The directed movement of substances into, out of or within the Golgi apparatus, mediated by vesicles." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0716731363, PMID:10219233] IEA biological_process Syx7 GO:0005484_13174_6 SNAP receptor activity "Acting as a marker to identify a membrane and interacting selectively with one or more SNAREs on another membrane to mediate membrane fusion." [GOC:mah, PMID:14570579] IEA molecular_function Syx7 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Syx7 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Syx7 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Syx7 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Syx8 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function T3dh GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function T3dh GO:0046872_13174_94 metal ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function T3dh GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Tab GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tab GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Tab GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Taf11 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Taf11 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Taf11 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Taf11 GO:0006367_6281_13 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Taf11 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Taf12 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Taf12 GO:0005669_3650_3 transcription factor TFIID complex "A complex composed of TATA binding protein (TBP) and TBP associated factors (TAFs); the total mass is typically about 800 kDa. Most of the TAFs are conserved across species. In TATA-containing promoters for RNA polymerase II (Pol II), TFIID is believed to recognize at least two distinct elements, the TATA element and a downstream promoter element. TFIID is also involved in recognition of TATA-less Pol II promoters. Binding of TFIID to DNA is necessary but not sufficient for transcription initiation from most RNA polymerase II promoters." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0471953393, ISBN:0879695501] IEA cellular_component Taf12 GO:0006352_6281_14 DNA-dependent transcription, initiation "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:jid, GOC:txnOH, PMID:18280161] IEA biological_process Taf13 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Taf13 GO:0006366_6281_4 transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter. Includes transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) and certain small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs)." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH, ISBN:0321000382] IEA biological_process Taf1 GO:0004812_13174_45 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity "Catalysis of the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA from ATP, amino acid, and tRNA with the release of diphosphate and AMP." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Taf1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Taf1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Taf1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Taf1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Taf2 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Taf2 GO:0008168_13174_58 methyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Taf2 GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function Taf2 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Taf2 GO:0032259_6281_21 methylation "The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Taf5 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Taf5 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Taf5 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Taf6 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Taf6 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Taf6 GO:0006352_6281_14 DNA-dependent transcription, initiation "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:jid, GOC:txnOH, PMID:18280161] IEA biological_process Taf6 GO:0051090_6281_1 regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Taf7 GO:0005669_3650_3 transcription factor TFIID complex "A complex composed of TATA binding protein (TBP) and TBP associated factors (TAFs); the total mass is typically about 800 kDa. Most of the TAFs are conserved across species. In TATA-containing promoters for RNA polymerase II (Pol II), TFIID is believed to recognize at least two distinct elements, the TATA element and a downstream promoter element. TFIID is also involved in recognition of TATA-less Pol II promoters. Binding of TFIID to DNA is necessary but not sufficient for transcription initiation from most RNA polymerase II promoters." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0471953393, ISBN:0879695501] IEA cellular_component Taf7 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Taf7 GO:0006367_6281_13 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Taf7 GO:0008092_13174_4 cytoskeletal protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein component of any cytoskeleton (actin, microtubule, or intermediate filament cytoskeleton)." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Taf7 GO:0019898_3650_3 extrinsic to membrane "Loosely bound to one surface of a membrane, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Tak1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Tak1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Tak1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Tak1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tak1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Tak1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tal GO:0004801_13174_1 sedoheptulose-7-phosphate:D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glyceronetransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: sedoheptulose 7-phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate = D-erythrose 4-phosphate + D-fructose 6-phosphate." [EC:2.2.1.2] IEA molecular_function Tal GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Tal GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Tal GO:0006098_6281_6 pentose-phosphate shunt "The process in which glucose is oxidized, coupled to NADPH synthesis. Glucose 6-P is oxidized with the formation of carbon dioxide (CO2), ribulose 5-phosphate and reduced NADP; ribulose 5-P then enters a series of reactions interconverting sugar phosphates. The pentose phosphate pathway is a major source of reducing equivalents for biosynthesis reactions and is also important for the conversion of hexoses to pentoses." [ISBN:0198506732, MetaCyc:PENTOSE-P-PWY] IEA biological_process tam GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function tam GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function tam GO:0003887_13174_16 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and primer." [EC:2.7.7.7, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function tam GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component tam GO:0006260_6281_41 DNA replication "The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process tam GO:0007021_6281_6 tubulin complex assembly "The aggregation and bonding together of alpha- and beta-tubulin to form a tubulin heterodimer." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process tam GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Tango10 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tango1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tango4 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tango7 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tango7 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tango9 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Tango9 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component tankyrase GO:0003950_13174_3 NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + (ADP-D-ribosyl)(n)-acceptor = nicotinamide + (ADP-D-ribosyl)(n+1)-acceptor." [EC:2.4.2.30] IEA molecular_function tankyrase GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tao-1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Tao-1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Tao-1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Tao-1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tao-1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Tao-1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tap42 GO:0009966_6281_4 regulation of signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction." [GOC:sm] IEA biological_process Tapdelta GO:0005783_3650_14 endoplasmic reticulum "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Tapdelta GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Taz GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Taz GO:0016746_13174_25 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tbh GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tbh GO:0004497_13174_7 monooxygenase activity "Catalysis of the incorporation of one atom from molecular oxygen into a compound and the reduction of the other atom of oxygen to water." [http://www.onelook.com/, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tbh GO:0005507_13174_16 copper ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Tbh GO:0016715_13174_3 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced ascorbate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced ascorbate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Tbh GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process TBL3 GO:0005230_13174_26 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function TBL3 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function TBL3 GO:0006364_6281_13 rRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process TBL3 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process TBL3 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process TBL3 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component TBL3 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component TBL3 GO:0032040_3650_5 small-subunit processome "A large ribonucleoprotein complex that is an early preribosomal complex. In S. cerevisiae, it has a size of 80S and consists of the 35S pre-rRNA, early-associating ribosomal proteins most of which are part of the small ribosomal subunit, the U3 snoRNA and associated proteins." [PMID:12068309, PMID:12957375, PMID:15120992, PMID:15590835] IEA cellular_component TBL3 GO:0045211_3650_20 postsynaptic membrane "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Tbp-1 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Tbp-1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tbp-1 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Tbp-1 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tbp-1 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Tbp-1 GO:0030163_6281_11 protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Tcp-1eta GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tcp-1eta GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process Tcp-1eta GO:0044267_6281_10 cellular protein metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Tcp-1eta GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Tcp-1zeta GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tcp-1zeta GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process Tcp-1zeta GO:0044267_6281_10 cellular protein metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Tcp-1zeta GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Tdc1 GO:0016831_13174_13 carboxy-lyase activity "Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound." [http://www.mercksource.com/] IEA molecular_function Tdc1 GO:0019752_6281_11 carboxylic acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Tdc1 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tdc2 GO:0006520_6281_15 cellular amino acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33709, GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Tdc2 GO:0016829_13174_6 lyase activity "Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring." [EC:4.-.-.-, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Tdc2 GO:0016831_13174_13 carboxy-lyase activity "Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound." [http://www.mercksource.com/] IEA molecular_function Tdc2 GO:0019752_6281_11 carboxylic acid metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Tdc2 GO:0030170_13174_43 pyridoxal phosphate binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tektin-C GO:0000226_6281_11 microtubule cytoskeleton organization "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Tektin-C GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component ten-M GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function ten-M GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function TEP7 GO:0004866_13174_7 endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an endopeptidase, any enzyme that hydrolyzes nonterminal peptide bonds in polypeptides." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function TEP7 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component TEP7 GO:0005615_3650_7 extracellular space "That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component TEPA GO:0004866_13174_7 endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an endopeptidase, any enzyme that hydrolyzes nonterminal peptide bonds in polypeptides." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function TEPA GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function TEPA GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component TEPA GO:0005615_3650_7 extracellular space "That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component TEPB GO:0004866_13174_7 endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an endopeptidase, any enzyme that hydrolyzes nonterminal peptide bonds in polypeptides." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function TEPB GO:0005615_3650_7 extracellular space "That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component TER94 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function TER94 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function TER94 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function TER94 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function TER94 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function TER94 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Tesk1 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Tesk1 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Tesk1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Tesk1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tesk1 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Tesk1 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tfb2 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tfb2 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process Tfb2 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Tfb4 GO:0000439_3650_1 core TFIIH complex "The 5 subunit core of TFIIH that has tightly associated subunits and is found in both the general transcription factor holo-TFIIH and in the nucleotide-excision repair factor 3 complex. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rad3, Tfb1, Tfb2, Ssl1, Tfb4. In humans, it is composed of XPD, p62, p55, p44, p34." [GOC:krc, PMID:14500720, PMID:7813015] IEA cellular_component Tfb4 GO:0006281_6281_42 DNA repair "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] IEA biological_process Tfb4 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Tf GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function TfIIA-L GO:0005672_3650_2 transcription factor TFIIA complex "A component of the transcription machinery of RNA Polymerase II. In humans, TFIIA is a heterotrimer composed of an alpha (P35), beta (P19) and gamma subunits (P12)." [GOC:jl, PMID:17560669] IEA cellular_component TfIIA-L GO:0006367_6281_13 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process TfIIA-S GO:0005672_3650_2 transcription factor TFIIA complex "A component of the transcription machinery of RNA Polymerase II. In humans, TFIIA is a heterotrimer composed of an alpha (P35), beta (P19) and gamma subunits (P12)." [GOC:jl, PMID:17560669] IEA cellular_component TfIIA-S GO:0006367_6281_13 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process TfIIB GO:0003743_13174_20 translation initiation factor activity "Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function TfIIB GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process TfIIB GO:0006413_6281_19 translational initiation "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] IEA biological_process TfIIB GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function TfIIEalpha GO:0006367_6281_13 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process TfIIFbeta GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function TfIIFbeta GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function TfIIFbeta GO:0005674_3650_1 transcription factor TFIIF complex "A general transcription initiation factor which in humans consists of a heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. Helps recruit RNA polymerase II to the initiation complex and promotes translation elongation." [GOC:jl, PMID:7597077] IEA cellular_component TfIIFbeta GO:0006367_6281_13 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process TfIIS GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function TfIIS GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function TfIIS GO:0003746_13174_11 translation elongation factor activity "Functions in chain elongation during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function TfIIS GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component TfIIS GO:0006351_6281_48 transcription, DNA-dependent "The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process TfIIS GO:0006354_6281_1 DNA-dependent transcription, elongation "The extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance at a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase promoter by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by an RNA polymerase." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH, PMID:15020047, PMID:18280161] IEA biological_process TfIIS GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process TfIIS GO:0006357_6281_13 regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process TfIIS GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function TfIIS GO:0032784_6281_3 regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, elongation "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Tg GO:0003810_13174_3 protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: protein glutamine + alkylamine = protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3. This reaction is the formation of the N6-(L-isoglutamyl)-L-lysine isopeptide, resulting in cross-linking polypeptide chains; the gamma-carboxamide groups of peptidyl-glutamine residues act as acyl donors, and the 6-amino-groups of peptidyl-lysine residues act as acceptors, to give intra- and intermolecular N6-(5-glutamyl)lysine cross-links." [EC:2.3.2.13, RESID:AA0124] IEA molecular_function Tg GO:0018149_6281_3 peptide cross-linking "The formation of a covalent cross-link between or within protein chains." [GOC:jsg] IEA biological_process t GO:0042318_6281_1 penicillin biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any antibiotic that contains the condensed beta-lactamthiazolidine ring system." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process tgo GO:0004871_13174_47 signal transducer activity "Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function tgo GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function tgo GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function tgo GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component tgo GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process tgo GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process tgo GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Tgt GO:0006400_6281_7 tRNA modification "The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within a tRNA molecule to produce a tRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:curators] IEA biological_process Tgt GO:0008033_6281_20 tRNA processing "The process in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group." [GOC:jl, PMID:12533506] IEA biological_process Tgt GO:0008479_13174_4 queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA guanine + queuine = tRNA queuine + guanine." [EC:2.4.2.29] IEA molecular_function Tgt GO:0008616_6281_4 queuosine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of queuosines, any of a series of nucleosides found in tRNA and having an additional pentenyl ring added via an NH group to the methyl group of 7-methylguanosine. The pentenyl ring may carry other substituents." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process TH1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component TH1 GO:0045892_6281_5 negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process thoc6 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tie GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Tie GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Tie GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Tie GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tie GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Tie GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tim10 GO:0006626_6281_5 protein targeting to mitochondrion "The process of directing proteins towards and into the mitochondrion, usually mediated by mitochondrial proteins that recognize signals contained within the imported protein." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process Tim10 GO:0042719_3650_5 mitochondrial intermembrane space protein transporter complex "Soluble complex of the mitochondrial intermembrane space composed of various combinations of small Tim proteins; acts as a protein transporter to guide proteins to the Tim22 complex for insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane." [PMID:12581629] IEA cellular_component Tim10 GO:0045039_6281_5 protein import into mitochondrial inner membrane "The process comprising the import of proteins into the mitochondrion from outside the organelle and their insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane. The translocase of the outer membrane complex mediates the passage of these proteins across the outer membrane, after which they are guided by either of two inner membrane translocase complexes into their final destination in the inner membrane." [GOC:mcc, GOC:vw, PMID:18672008] IEA biological_process Tim8 GO:0006626_6281_5 protein targeting to mitochondrion "The process of directing proteins towards and into the mitochondrion, usually mediated by mitochondrial proteins that recognize signals contained within the imported protein." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process Tim8 GO:0042719_3650_5 mitochondrial intermembrane space protein transporter complex "Soluble complex of the mitochondrial intermembrane space composed of various combinations of small Tim proteins; acts as a protein transporter to guide proteins to the Tim22 complex for insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane." [PMID:12581629] IEA cellular_component Tim8 GO:0045039_6281_5 protein import into mitochondrial inner membrane "The process comprising the import of proteins into the mitochondrion from outside the organelle and their insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane. The translocase of the outer membrane complex mediates the passage of these proteins across the outer membrane, after which they are guided by either of two inner membrane translocase complexes into their final destination in the inner membrane." [GOC:mcc, GOC:vw, PMID:18672008] IEA biological_process Tip60 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tip60 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Tip60 GO:0016747_13174_12 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function tj GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function tj GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function tj GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component tj GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process tj GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function tkv GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function tkv GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function tkv GO:0004675_13174_5 transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [EC:2.7.11.30] IEA molecular_function tkv GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function tkv GO:0005024_13174_4 transforming growth factor beta-activated receptor activity "Combining with a transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA molecular_function tkv GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function tkv GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process tkv GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component tkv GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function tlk GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function tlk GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function tlk GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function tlk GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function tlk GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process tlk GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tll GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Tll GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function Tll GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tll GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Tll GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Tll GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process Tll GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function TM9SF3 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component TM9SF3 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component TM9SF3 GO:0051715_6281_1 cytolysis in other organism "The killing by an organism of a cell in another organism by means of the rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process tmod GO:0005523_13174_1 tropomyosin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with tropomyosin, a protein associated with actin filaments both in cytoplasm and, in association with troponin, in the thin filament of striated muscle." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0815316194] IEA molecular_function tmod GO:0005856_3650_36 cytoskeleton "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] IEA cellular_component TMS1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component tna GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function toc GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component toc GO:0007021_6281_6 tubulin complex assembly "The aggregation and bonding together of alpha- and beta-tubulin to form a tubulin heterodimer." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process toc GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function tok GO:0004222_13174_50 metalloendopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] IEA molecular_function tok GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function tok GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function tok GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process tok GO:0008237_13174_33 metallopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] IEA molecular_function tok GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Toll-10 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Toll-10 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Toll-10 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Toll-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Toll-1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Toll-1 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Toll-6 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Toll-6 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Toll-6 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Toll-8 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Toll-8 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Toll-8 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Tollip GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tom34 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tom34 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tom70 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tom70 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Tom70 GO:0006396_6281_34 RNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Tom7 GO:0005741_3650_6 mitochondrial outer membrane "The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope." [GOC:ai] IEA cellular_component Tom7 GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Tom7 GO:0015450_13174_5 P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven protein transmembrane transporter activity "Primary active carrier-mediated transport of a protein across a membrane, driven by the hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond of inorganic pyrophosphate, ATP, or another nucleoside triphosphate. The transport protein may or may not be transiently phosphorylated, but the substrate is not phosphorylated." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Top1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Top1 GO:0003917_13174_3 DNA topoisomerase type I activity "Catalysis of a DNA topological transformation by transiently cleaving one DNA strand at a time to allow passage of another strand; changes the linking number by +1 per catalytic cycle." [PMID:8811192] IEA molecular_function Top1 GO:0003918_13174_3 DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity "Catalysis of a DNA topological transformation by transiently cleaving a pair of complementary DNA strands to form a gate through which a second double-stranded DNA segment is passed, after which the severed strands in the first DNA segment are rejoined; product release is coupled to ATP binding and hydrolysis; changes the linking number in multiples of 2." [PMID:8811192] IEA molecular_function Top1 GO:0005694_3650_11 chromosome "A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Top1 GO:0006265_6281_6 DNA topological change "The process in which a transformation is induced in the topological structure of a double-stranded DNA helix, resulting in a change in linking number." [ISBN:071673706X, ISBN:0935702490] IEA biological_process Top2 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Top2 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Top2 GO:0003918_13174_3 DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity "Catalysis of a DNA topological transformation by transiently cleaving a pair of complementary DNA strands to form a gate through which a second double-stranded DNA segment is passed, after which the severed strands in the first DNA segment are rejoined; product release is coupled to ATP binding and hydrolysis; changes the linking number in multiples of 2." [PMID:8811192] IEA molecular_function Top2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Top2 GO:0005694_3650_11 chromosome "A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Top2 GO:0006265_6281_6 DNA topological change "The process in which a transformation is induced in the topological structure of a double-stranded DNA helix, resulting in a change in linking number." [ISBN:071673706X, ISBN:0935702490] IEA biological_process Top2 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Tor GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tor GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tor GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tor GO:0016773_13174_36 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function torp4a GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function torp4a GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function torp4a GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function torp4a GO:0051085_6281_1 chaperone mediated protein folding requiring cofactor "The process of assisting in the correct posttranslational noncovalent assembly of proteins, which is dependent on additional protein cofactors. This process occurs over one or several cycles of nucleotide hydrolysis-dependent binding and release." [GOC:rb] IEA biological_process Toy GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Toy GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Toy GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Toy GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Toy GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Tpcn1 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Tpcn1 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Tpcn1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Tpcn1 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Tpi GO:0004807_13174_1 triose-phosphate isomerase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate = glycerone phosphate." [EC:5.3.1.1, RHEA:18588] IEA molecular_function Tpi GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process TpnCI GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function TpnCIIa GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function TpnCIIb GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function TpnCIIIa GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function TppII GO:0004252_13174_79 serine-type endopeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function TppII GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Tps1 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tps1 GO:0005992_6281_1 trehalose biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of trehalose, a disaccharide isomeric with sucrose and obtained from certain lichens and fungi." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0028623819] IEA biological_process Tps1 GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Tpx-1 GO:0016209_13174_7 antioxidant activity "Inhibition of the reactions brought about by dioxygen (O2) or peroxides. Usually the antioxidant is effective because it can itself be more easily oxidized than the substance protected. The term is often applied to components that can trap free radicals, thereby breaking the chain reaction that normally leads to extensive biological damage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tpx-1 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tpx-1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Tpx-3 GO:0016209_13174_7 antioxidant activity "Inhibition of the reactions brought about by dioxygen (O2) or peroxides. Usually the antioxidant is effective because it can itself be more easily oxidized than the substance protected. The term is often applied to components that can trap free radicals, thereby breaking the chain reaction that normally leads to extensive biological damage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tpx-3 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tpx-3 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Tpx-4 GO:0016209_13174_7 antioxidant activity "Inhibition of the reactions brought about by dioxygen (O2) or peroxides. Usually the antioxidant is effective because it can itself be more easily oxidized than the substance protected. The term is often applied to components that can trap free radicals, thereby breaking the chain reaction that normally leads to extensive biological damage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tpx-4 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tpx-4 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Tpx-5 GO:0016209_13174_7 antioxidant activity "Inhibition of the reactions brought about by dioxygen (O2) or peroxides. Usually the antioxidant is effective because it can itself be more easily oxidized than the substance protected. The term is often applied to components that can trap free radicals, thereby breaking the chain reaction that normally leads to extensive biological damage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tpx-5 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tpx-5 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process tra2 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Traf6 GO:0000151_3650_13 ubiquitin ligase complex "A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex." [PMID:9529603] IEA cellular_component Traf6 GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function Traf6 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Traf6 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Traf6 GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Trap1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Trap1 GO:0006457_6281_60 protein folding "The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:rb] IEA biological_process Trap1 GO:0006950_6281_6 response to stress "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Trap1 GO:0051082_13174_39 unfolded protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Trappc1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Trappc1 GO:0005801_3650_3 cis-Golgi network "The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located at the convex side of the Golgi apparatus, which abuts the endoplasmic reticulum." [ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Trappc1 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Trappc1 GO:0006888_6281_6 ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport "The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:jp, GOC:tb, ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process Trax GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function trbd GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component trbd GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function trbl GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function trbl GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function trbl GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function trbl GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function trbl GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process trbl GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Trc8 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Trc8 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function trc GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function trc GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function trc GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function trc GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function trc GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process trc GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tret1 GO:0005215_13174_105 transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] IEA molecular_function Tret1 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Tret1 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Tret1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tret1 GO:0022857_13174_46 transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Tret1 GO:0022891_13174_9 substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity "Enables the transfer of a specific substance or group of related substances from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Tret1 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Trf2 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Trf2 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Trf2 GO:0006367_6281_13 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Trh GO:0004497_13174_7 monooxygenase activity "Catalysis of the incorporation of one atom from molecular oxygen into a compound and the reduction of the other atom of oxygen to water." [http://www.onelook.com/, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Trh GO:0004510_13174_1 tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin + H2O." [EC:1.14.16.4] IEA molecular_function Trh GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Trh GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Trh GO:0009072_6281_7 aromatic amino acid family metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Trh GO:0016597_13174_5 amino acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an amino acid, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Trh GO:0016714_13174_4 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced pteridine and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Trh GO:0042427_6281_1 serotonin biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Trh GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Trim9 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Trim9 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Trim9 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Trim9 GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function trio GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function trio GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function trio GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component trio GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process Trip1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Trl GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Trl GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Trl GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Trn-SR GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Trp1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Trp1 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Trp1 GO:0008565_13174_21 protein transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Trp1 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Trp1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Trp1 GO:0035556_6281_109 intracellular signal transduction "The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] IEA biological_process Trp1 GO:0042626_13174_21 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Trp1 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process trpgamma GO:0004664_13174_1 prephenate dehydratase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: prephenate = phenylpyruvate + H2O + CO2." [EC:4.2.1.51] IEA molecular_function trpgamma GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function trpgamma GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function trpgamma GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process trpgamma GO:0009094_6281_1 L-phenylalanine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-phenylalanine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid." [CHEBI:17295, GOC:go_curators, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process trpgamma GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component trpgamma GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component trpgamma GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process TRP GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function TRP GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function TRP GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process TRP GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component TRP GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component TRP GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process TRPL GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function TRPL GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function TRPL GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process TRPL GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component TRPL GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component TRPL GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Trpm3 GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Trpm3 GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Trpm3 GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Trpm3 GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process TRPML GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function TRPML GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process TRPML GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component TRPML GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process trr GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function trr GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function trr GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component trr GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function trsn GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function trus GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Trx-1 GO:0006662_6281_2 glycerol ether metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol ethers, any anhydride formed between two organic hydroxy compounds, one of which is glycerol." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Trx-1 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Trx-1 GO:0015035_13174_7 protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a protein with reduced sulfide groups = a protein with oxidized disulfide bonds." [MetaCyc:DISULFOXRED-RXN] IEA molecular_function Trx-1 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Trx1-like1 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Trx1-like2 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Trx1-like3 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Trx-2 GO:0006662_6281_2 glycerol ether metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol ethers, any anhydride formed between two organic hydroxy compounds, one of which is glycerol." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Trx-2 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Trx-2 GO:0015035_13174_7 protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a protein with reduced sulfide groups = a protein with oxidized disulfide bonds." [MetaCyc:DISULFOXRED-RXN] IEA molecular_function Trx-2 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process trx GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function trx GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function trx GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function trx GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component trx GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process trx GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function trx GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Trx/Gtx GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Trx/Gtx GO:0015035_13174_7 protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a protein with reduced sulfide groups = a protein with oxidized disulfide bonds." [MetaCyc:DISULFOXRED-RXN] IEA molecular_function Trx/Gtx GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Trxr-1 GO:0004791_13174_1 thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NADP(+) + thioredoxin = H(+) + NADPH + thioredoxin disulfide." [EC:1.8.1.9, RHEA:20348] IEA molecular_function Trxr-1 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Trxr-1 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Trxr-1 GO:0016668_13174_3 oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Trxr-1 GO:0045454_6281_33 cell redox homeostasis "Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Trxr-1 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Trxr-1 GO:0050661_13174_10 NADP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NADP+, or the reduced form, NADPH." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Trxr-1 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Trxr-3 GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Trxr-3 GO:0050660_13174_55 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Trxr-3 GO:0051537_13174_17 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] IEA molecular_function Trxr-3 GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process Tsc1 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Tsf1 GO:0004185_13174_4 serine-type carboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] IEA molecular_function Tsf1 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tsf1 GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Tsf1 GO:0006826_6281_3 iron ion transport "The directed movement of iron (Fe) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Tsf1 GO:0006879_6281_6 cellular iron ion homeostasis "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of iron ions at the level of a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Tsf1 GO:0008199_13174_6 ferric iron binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ferric iron, Fe(III)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Tsf2 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tsf2 GO:0006826_6281_3 iron ion transport "The directed movement of iron (Fe) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Tsf2 GO:0006879_6281_6 cellular iron ion homeostasis "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of iron ions at the level of a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Tsf2 GO:0008199_13174_6 ferric iron binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ferric iron, Fe(III)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function TSG101 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process TSG101 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Ts GO:0004799_13174_1 thymidylate synthase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + dUMP = 7,8-dihydrofolate + thymidylate." [EC:2.1.1.45, RHEA:12107] IEA molecular_function Ts GO:0006231_6281_1 dTMP biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTMP, deoxyribosylthymine monophosphate (2'-deoxyribosylthymine 5'-phosphate)." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Tspan10 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tspan11 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tspan12 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tspan13 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tspan14 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tspan17 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tspan1 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tspan2 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tspan3 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tspan4 GO:0004867_13174_10 serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of serine-type endopeptidases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain; a serine residue (and a histidine residue) are at the active center of the enzyme." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Tspan4 GO:0009611_6281_1 response to wounding "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Tspan4 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tspan5 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tspan6 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tspan7 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tspan8 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tspan9 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tsp GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Tsp GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Tsp GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Tsp GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process tst GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function tst GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function tst GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function tst GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function tst GO:0016817_13174_10 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function tst GO:0016818_13174_12 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function tsu GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function TTC21B GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ttv GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component ttv GO:0016758_13174_26 transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ttv GO:0031227_3650_9 intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane "Located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component TUBG1 GO:0003924_13174_107 GTPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function TUBG1 GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function TUBG1 GO:0005874_3650_26 microtubule "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] IEA cellular_component TUBG1 GO:0006184_6281_86 GTP catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process TUBG1 GO:0007017_6281_19 microtubule-based process "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process TUBG1 GO:0043234_3650_15 protein complex "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component TUBG1 GO:0051258_6281_15 protein polymerization "The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Tudor-SN GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Tudor-SN GO:0016442_3650_1 RNA-induced silencing complex "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains members of the Argonaute family of proteins, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or microRNAs (miRNAs), and miRNA or siRNA-complementary mRNAs, in addition to a number of accessory factors. The RISC complex is involved in posttranscriptional repression of gene expression through downregulation of translation or induction of mRNA degradation." [PMID:10749213, PMID:15145345] IEA cellular_component Tudor-SN GO:0016788_13174_22 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Tudor-SN GO:0031047_6281_1 gene silencing by RNA "Any process in which RNA molecules inactivate expression of target genes." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, PMID:15020054] IEA biological_process tup GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function tup GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function tup GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component tup GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process tup GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function tup GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function twf GO:0003779_13174_44 actin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments." [GOC:clt] IEA molecular_function twf GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component tws GO:0000159_3650_3 protein phosphatase type 2A complex "A protein complex that has protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity that is polycation-stimulated (PCS), being directly stimulated by protamine, polylysine, or histone H1; it constitutes a subclass of several enzymes activated by different histones and polylysine, and consists of catalytic, scaffolding, and regulatory subunits. The catalytic and scaffolding subunits form the core enzyme, and the holoenzyme also includes the regulatory subunit." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:17245430] IEA cellular_component tws GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function tws GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process tws GO:0008601_13174_3 protein phosphatase type 2A regulator activity "Modulation of the activity of the enzyme protein phosphatase type 2A." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function TyHyd GO:0004497_13174_7 monooxygenase activity "Catalysis of the incorporation of one atom from molecular oxygen into a compound and the reduction of the other atom of oxygen to water." [http://www.onelook.com/, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function TyHyd GO:0004511_13174_1 tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine + 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin + H2O." [EC:1.14.16.2] IEA molecular_function TyHyd GO:0005506_13174_87 iron ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function TyHyd GO:0009072_6281_7 aromatic amino acid family metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process TyHyd GO:0016714_13174_4 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced pteridine and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function TyHyd GO:0042423_6281_1 catecholamine biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process TyHyd GO:0055114_6281_375 oxidation-reduction process "A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:jh2, GOC:jid, GOC:mlg, GOC:rph] IEA biological_process TyrR GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process TyrR GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component U2af38 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function U2af38 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function U2af50 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function U2af50 GO:0003723_13174_109 RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function U2af50 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function U2af50 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component U2af50 GO:0006397_6281_17 mRNA processing "Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process U2af50 GO:0016887_13174_91 ATPase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function U2A GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function U3-55K GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Uba1 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Uba1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Uba1 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Uba1 GO:0008641_13174_3 small protein activating enzyme activity "Catalysis of the activation of small proteins, such as ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Uba2 GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Uba2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Uba2 GO:0006464_6281_40 cellular protein modification process "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Uba2 GO:0008641_13174_3 small protein activating enzyme activity "Catalysis of the activation of small proteins, such as ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Ubc13 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function UbcD2 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function UbcD6 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Ubc-E2H GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Ube2g1 GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function UBE4B GO:0000151_3650_13 ubiquitin ligase complex "A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex." [PMID:9529603] IEA cellular_component UBE4B GO:0004842_13174_24 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, PMID:9635407] IEA molecular_function UBE4B GO:0016567_6281_18 protein ubiquitination "The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Ubx GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Ubx GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Ubx GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Uch GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function Uch GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Uch GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Uch-L3 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function Uch-L3 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Uch-L3 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Uch-L3 GO:0008242_13174_5 omega peptidase activity "Catalysis of the removal of terminal peptide residues that are substituted, cyclized or linked by isopeptide bonds (peptide linkages other than those of alpha-carboxyl to alpha-amino groups)." [EC:3.4.19.-] IEA molecular_function Ufd1-like GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process UGP GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process UGP GO:0016779_13174_16 nucleotidyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Ugt GO:0003980_13174_1 UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase activity "Catalysis of the addition of UDP-glucose on to asparagine-linked (N-linked) oligosaccharides of the form Man7-9GlcNAc2 on incorrectly folded glycoproteins." [GOC:al, PMID:10764828] IEA molecular_function Ugt GO:0006486_6281_13 protein glycosylation "A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins." [GOC:curators, GOC:pr] IEA biological_process UHRF1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function UHRF1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function UHRF1 GO:0042393_13174_2 histone binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a histone, any of a group of water-soluble proteins found in association with the DNA of plant and animal chromosomes. They are involved in the condensation and coiling of chromosomes during cell division and have also been implicated in nonspecific suppression of gene activity." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function unc5-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function unc5-1 GO:0007165_6281_215 signal transduction "The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] IEA biological_process Unc-89 GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Unc-89 GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Unc-89 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Unc-89 GO:0005089_13174_27 Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Unc-89 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Unc-89 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Unc-89 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Unc-89 GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Unc-89 GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Unc-89 GO:0035023_6281_27 regulation of Rho protein signal transduction "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] IEA biological_process Unr GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Unr GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Unr GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Updo GO:0004853_13174_1 uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: uroporphyrinogen-III = coproporphyrinogen + 4 CO2." [EC:4.1.1.37] IEA molecular_function Updo GO:0006779_6281_3 porphyrin-containing compound biosynthetic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any member of a large group of derivatives or analogs of porphyrin. Porphyrin consists of a ring of four pyrrole nuclei linked each to the next at their alpha positions through a methine group." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Upf1 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Upf1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Upf1 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Upf1 GO:0016787_13174_106 hydrolase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Upf1 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Upf2 GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Upf2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Upf2 GO:0006122_6281_5 mitochondrial electron transport, ubiquinol to cytochrome c "The transfer of electrons from ubiquinol to cytochrome c that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex III." [ISBN:0716731363] IEA biological_process Upf2 GO:0008121_13174_9 ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: CoQH2 + 2 ferricytochrome c = CoQ + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H+." [EC:1.10.2.2, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Upf2 GO:0016070_6281_11 RNA metabolic process "The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Uqcr11 GO:0008121_13174_9 ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase activity "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: CoQH2 + 2 ferricytochrome c = CoQ + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H+." [EC:1.10.2.2, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Uqcr11 GO:0009055_13174_100 electron carrier activity "Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function usnp GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function usnp GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process usnp GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component usnp GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Usp7 GO:0004221_13174_26 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ubiquitin C-terminal thiolester + H2O = ubiquitin + a thiol. Hydrolysis of esters, including those formed between thiols such as dithiothreitol or glutathione and the C-terminal glycine residue of the polypeptide ubiquitin, and AMP-ubiquitin." [EC:3.1.2.15] IEA molecular_function Usp7 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Usp7 GO:0006511_6281_45 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] IEA biological_process Usp GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Usp GO:0003707_13174_25 steroid hormone receptor activity "Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function." [GOC:signaling, PMID:14708019] IEA molecular_function Usp GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Usp GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Usp GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Usp GO:0043401_6281_25 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor." [PMID:12606724] IEA biological_process Usp GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Uvop GO:0007186_6281_118 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway "A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] IEA biological_process Uvop GO:0007601_6281_5 visual perception "The series of events required for an organism to receive a visual stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Visual stimuli are detected in the form of photons and are processed to form an image." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Uvop GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Vamp4 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Vamp4 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Vamp7 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Vamp7 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Vamp7 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Vapa GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function vari GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function vas GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function vas GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function vas GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function vas GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function verm GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function verm GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function verm GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component verm GO:0005975_6281_107 carbohydrate metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process verm GO:0006030_6281_41 chitin metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process verm GO:0008061_13174_41 chitin binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function verm GO:0016810_13174_17 hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Vg GO:0004181_13174_17 metallocarboxypeptidase activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Vg GO:0005319_13174_12 lipid transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Vg GO:0006508_6281_225 proteolysis "The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Vg GO:0006869_6281_13 lipid transport "The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process Vg GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Vha13 GO:0015992_6281_5 proton transport "The directed movement of protons (hydrogen ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:jl] IEA biological_process Vha13 GO:0016471_3650_1 vacuolar proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex "A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex found in the vacuolar membrane, where it acts as a proton pump to mediate acidification of the vacuolar lumen." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16449553] IEA cellular_component Vha13 GO:0016820_13174_11 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, catalyzing transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acid anhydride to directly drive the transport of a substance across a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Vha16 GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Vha16 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process Vha16 GO:0033177_3650_11 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, proton-transporting domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and carries out proton transport across a membrane. The proton-transporting domain (F0, V0, or A0) includes integral and peripheral membrane proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component Vha16 GO:0033179_3650_3 proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V0 domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase and mediates proton transport across a membrane. The V0 complex consists of at least four different subunits (a,c,d and e); six or more c subunits form a proton-binding rotor ring." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16449553] IEA cellular_component Vha26 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process Vha26 GO:0033178_3650_8 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, catalytic domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis or synthesis. The catalytic domain (F1, V1, or A1) comprises a hexameric catalytic core and a central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the membrane when the two-sector ATPase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component Vha26 GO:0046961_13174_10 proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14] IEA molecular_function Vha44 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process Vha44 GO:0016820_13174_11 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, catalyzing transmembrane movement of substances "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acid anhydride to directly drive the transport of a substance across a membrane." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Vha44 GO:0033180_3650_4 proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V1 domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis. The V1 complex consists of: (1) a globular headpiece with three alternating copies of subunits A and B that form a ring, (2) a central rotational stalk composed of single copies of subunits D and F, and (3) a peripheral stalk made of subunits C, E, G and H. Subunits A and B mediate the hydrolysis of ATP at three reaction sites associated with subunit A." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16449553] IEA cellular_component VhaAC39 GO:0015078_13174_17 hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity "Catalysis of the transfer of hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function VhaAC39 GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process VhaAC39 GO:0033177_3650_11 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, proton-transporting domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and carries out proton transport across a membrane. The proton-transporting domain (F0, V0, or A0) includes integral and peripheral membrane proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] IEA cellular_component VhaAC39 GO:0033179_3650_3 proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V0 domain "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase and mediates proton transport across a membrane. The V0 complex consists of at least four different subunits (a,c,d and e); six or more c subunits form a proton-binding rotor ring." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16449553] IEA cellular_component VhaSFD GO:0000221_3650_1 vacuolar proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V1 domain "The V1 domain of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase found in the vacuolar membrane." [GOC:mah, PMID:16449553] IEA cellular_component VhaSFD GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function VhaSFD GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function VhaSFD GO:0015991_6281_22 ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport "The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] IEA biological_process VhaSFD GO:0046961_13174_10 proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism." [EC:3.6.3.14] IEA molecular_function Vhdl GO:0005319_13174_12 lipid transporter activity "Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Vhdl GO:0006869_6281_13 lipid transport "The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA biological_process vib GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component vib GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process vih GO:0016881_13174_44 acid-amino acid ligase activity "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Vinc GO:0005198_13174_28 structural molecule activity "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function Vinc GO:0007155_6281_52 cell adhesion "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] IEA biological_process Vinc GO:0015629_3650_9 actin cytoskeleton "The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component vir GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Vkr GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Vkr GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Vkr GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Vkr GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Vkr GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Vkr GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function vls GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Vps16A GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Vps16A GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Vps24 GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Vps26 GO:0007034_6281_2 vacuolar transport "The directed movement of substances into, out of or within a vacuole." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Vps26 GO:0030904_3650_2 retromer complex "A conserved multimeric membrane-associated complex involved in retrograde transport from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus. For example, the budding yeast retromer comprises Vps35p, Vps29p, Vps26p, Vps5p, and Vps17p." [PMID:9700157] IEA cellular_component Vps33B GO:0006904_6281_12 vesicle docking involved in exocytosis "The initial attachment of a vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane, that contributes to exocytosis." [GOC:jid] IEA biological_process Vps33B GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process Vps4 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Vps4 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Vps4 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Vri GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Vri GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Vri GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Vri GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Vrp1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function vtd GO:0000228_3650_2 nuclear chromosome "A chromosome found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component vtd GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function wapl GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function WASp GO:0005083_13174_8 small GTPase regulator activity "Modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a small monomeric GTPase." [GOC:mah] IEA molecular_function WASp GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function WASp GO:0006461_6281_5 protein complex assembly "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process WASp GO:0008154_6281_2 actin polymerization or depolymerization "Assembly or disassembly of actin filaments by the addition or removal of actin monomers from a filament." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process WASp GO:0015629_3650_9 actin cytoskeleton "The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component WDR79 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function wds GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function wee GO:0000287_13174_38 magnesium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function wee GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function wee GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function wee GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function wee GO:0004715_13174_2 non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a non-membrane spanning protein L-tyrosine = ADP + a non-membrane spanning protein L-tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10.2] IEA molecular_function wee GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function wee GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component wee GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process wee GO:0007067_6281_4 mitosis "A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides; the process involves condensation of chromosomal DNA into a highly compacted form. Canonically, mitosis produces two daughter nuclei whose chromosome complement is identical to that of the mother cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:ma, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process wee GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function wgn GO:0005488_13174_267 binding "The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function WIF-1 GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function WIF-1 GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function WIF-1 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function wit GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function wit GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function wit GO:0004675_13174_5 transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [EC:2.7.11.30] IEA molecular_function wit GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function wit GO:0005024_13174_4 transforming growth factor beta-activated receptor activity "Combining with a transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling] IEA molecular_function wit GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function wit GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process wit GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component wit GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Wnt10 GO:0005102_13174_13 receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Wnt10 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Wnt10 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Wnt10 GO:0016055_6281_9 Wnt receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, PMID:11532397] IEA biological_process Wnt11 GO:0005102_13174_13 receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Wnt11 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Wnt11 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Wnt11 GO:0016055_6281_9 Wnt receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, PMID:11532397] IEA biological_process Wnt1 GO:0005102_13174_13 receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Wnt1 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Wnt1 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Wnt1 GO:0016055_6281_9 Wnt receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, PMID:11532397] IEA biological_process Wnt4 GO:0005102_13174_13 receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Wnt4 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Wnt4 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Wnt4 GO:0016055_6281_9 Wnt receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, PMID:11532397] IEA biological_process Wnt5 GO:0005102_13174_13 receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Wnt5 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Wnt5 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Wnt5 GO:0016055_6281_9 Wnt receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, PMID:11532397] IEA biological_process Wnt6 GO:0005102_13174_13 receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Wnt6 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Wnt6 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Wnt6 GO:0016055_6281_9 Wnt receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, PMID:11532397] IEA biological_process Wnt7 GO:0005102_13174_13 receptor binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Wnt7 GO:0005576_3650_94 extracellular region "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Wnt7 GO:0007275_6281_39 multicellular organismal development "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] IEA biological_process Wnt7 GO:0016055_6281_9 Wnt receptor signaling pathway "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, PMID:11532397] IEA biological_process Wsck GO:0004672_13174_224 protein kinase activity "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] IEA molecular_function Wsck GO:0004674_13174_225 protein serine/threonine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] IEA molecular_function Wsck GO:0004713_13174_213 protein tyrosine kinase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] IEA molecular_function Wsck GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Wsck GO:0006468_6281_233 protein phosphorylation "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] IEA biological_process Wsck GO:0016772_13174_262 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Wtrw GO:0005216_13174_43 ion channel activity "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] IEA molecular_function Wtrw GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Wtrw GO:0006811_6281_64 ion transport "The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Wtrw GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Wtrw GO:0055085_6281_271 transmembrane transport "The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] IEA biological_process wun GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function wun GO:0016020_3650_796 membrane "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] IEA cellular_component Wwox GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Wwox GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process Wwox GO:0016491_13174_222 oxidoreductase activity "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Xbp1 GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Xbp1 GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function Xbp1 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process Xbp1 GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Xbp1 GO:0046983_13174_28 protein dimerization activity "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Xpac GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Xpac GO:0003684_13174_11 damaged DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with damaged DNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Xpac GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Xpac GO:0006289_6281_7 nucleotide-excision repair "A DNA repair process in which a small region of the strand surrounding the damage is removed from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Nucleotide excision repair recognizes a wide range of substrates, including damage caused by UV irradiation (pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts) and chemicals (intrastrand cross-links and bulky adducts)." [PMID:10197977] IEA biological_process Xpd GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function Xpd GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Xpd GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function Xpd GO:0004003_13174_7 ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; this reaction drives the unwinding of the DNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Xpd GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function Xpd GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Xpd GO:0006139_6281_32 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process "Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process Xpd GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Xpd GO:0016817_13174_10 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Xpd GO:0016818_13174_12 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Xpd GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function XRN1 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function XRN1 GO:0003725_13174_18 double-stranded RNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function XRN1 GO:0004527_13174_12 exonuclease activity "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function XRN1 GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Ykt6 GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process Ykt6 GO:0016021_3650_560 integral to membrane "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component Ykt6 GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process YL-1 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component YL-1 GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process yl GO:0005509_13174_173 calcium ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function yl GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function yps GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function yps GO:0003677_13174_453 DNA binding "Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] IEA molecular_function yps GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process YTHDC2 GO:0000166_13174_274 nucleotide binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA molecular_function YTHDC2 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function YTHDC2 GO:0004386_13174_84 helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function YTHDC2 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function YTHDC2 GO:0005524_13174_709 ATP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function YTHDC2 GO:0008026_13174_68 ATP-dependent helicase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function YTHDC2 GO:0017111_13174_184 nucleoside-triphosphatase activity "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] IEA molecular_function Zasp66 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function ZC3H3 GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function ZC3H3 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Zdhhc6 GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function Zdhhc6 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function zetaCOP GO:0006810_6281_207 transport "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] IEA biological_process zetaCOP GO:0006886_6281_128 intracellular protein transport "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process zetaCOP GO:0016192_6281_66 vesicle-mediated transport "A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000] IEA biological_process zetaCOP GO:0030117_3650_12 membrane coat "Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules." [GOC:mah] IEA cellular_component Zfrp8 GO:0005737_3650_192 cytoplasm "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] IEA cellular_component Zfrp8 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function Zn72D GO:0003676_13174_435 nucleic acid binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Zn72D GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component Zn72D GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function zormin GO:0003700_13174_272 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA molecular_function zormin GO:0005515_13174_2011 protein binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] IEA molecular_function zormin GO:0006355_6281_379 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] IEA biological_process zormin GO:0043565_13174_239 sequence-specific DNA binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] IEA molecular_function Zpr1 GO:0008270_13174_775 zinc ion binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function zuc GO:0003824_13174_397 catalytic activity "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA molecular_function zuc GO:0005525_13174_159 GTP binding "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate." [GOC:ai] IEA molecular_function zuc GO:0005622_3650_780 intracellular "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] IEA cellular_component zuc GO:0007264_6281_99 small GTPase mediated signal transduction "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] IEA biological_process zuc GO:0008152_6281_329 metabolic process "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process zuc GO:0015031_6281_97 protein transport "The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] IEA biological_process zw10 GO:0000775_3650_3 chromosome, centromeric region "The region of a chromosome that includes the centromeric DNA and associated proteins. In monocentric chromosomes, this region corresponds to a single area of the chromosome, whereas in holocentric chromosomes, it is evenly distributed along the chromosome." [GOC:elh, GOC:kmv] IEA cellular_component zw10 GO:0005634_3650_411 nucleus "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] IEA cellular_component zw10 GO:0007067_6281_4 mitosis "A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides; the process involves condensation of chromosomal DNA into a highly compacted form. Canonically, mitosis produces two daughter nuclei whose chromosome complement is identical to that of the mother cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:ma, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] IEA biological_process